HIGHWAY oliver

AND URBAN
STREET
OPERATION GROUP 5
MEMBERS:
CHAVEZ, PATRICIA Y.
DE GUZMAN, RAIZA B.
ESPIRITU, CHARLENE M.
 HIGHWAY AND URBAN STREET OPERATION

Urban highways and streets can be functionally classified as arterials, collectors, and local
streets. Most of the State’s urban facilities are arterials. Prior to the existence of Freeways and
Expressway, Arterial streets were the main way of traffic. Arterial and local street operations make
use of street marking signs and signals controlled in several ways by either fixed setting or
computerized system. Despite the existence of freeways and highways, arterial roads serves the
major traffic flow to the nearest access points because arterial roads offer the most advantageous
route for longer trips. In fact these arterial roads are existing highway of considerable length where
in cross traffic is regulated by signals and stop signs. These arterials provide access to adjacent
property with restricted entry and exit locations, street parking, cross center left turn and other
difficult traffic activities.

I. Arterial streets

Arterial Streets are considered substitute for a controlled access when traffic volume
exceeds 20,000 vehicles per day

Basic considerations in planning arterial roads:

1. Selection of convenient route

2. Studies of traffic volume
3. Origin and destinations
4. Accident experienced

Planning criteria

1. Arterial road should be at least 15 meters wide.

2. Must carry at least one lane of traffic in each direction.
3. It should be atleast one kilometer in length.
4. It must skirt the neighborhood areas and not just penetrate them.
5. It should be spaced about 600 to 900 meters apart from grid type street pattern.
6. The minimum volume to justify arterial road is 300 vehicles per average hour during
the day and 450 vehicles per hour during peak periods.

There are times when the traffic volume exceeds the capacity of the arterial road of
conventional two way street during peak hour and to unload and increase the
capacity of the road, the following solutions are employed:

1. Parking is strictly prohibited during peak hour on one or both sides of the street.
2. No parking is allowed several meters away on each side of intersection
3. Allowing right turns on red signal or providing special provisions for these turns
outside through the lanes
4. Eliminating left turn at congested intersections.
 FIGURE A: TYPICAL CROSS SECTION OF AN ARTERIAL STREET

I.A SUB-ARTERIAL STREET

It is Fuctionally similar to arterial street but with somewhat lower level of travel mobility.
Spacing may vary from about 0.5 km in the central business district to 0.3 to 5 km in the suburban
fringes.

II. COLLECTORS STREET

A collector street a low-to-moderate-capacity road which serves to move traffic from local
streets to arterial roads. Unlike arterials, collector roads are designed to provide access to residential
properties. Rarely, jurisdictions differentiate major and minor collector roads, the former being
generally wider and busier. Collector roads can vary widely in appearance. Some urban collectors are
wide boulevards entering communities or connecting sections. Others are residential streets, which
are typically wider than local roads, although few are wider than four lanes. Small-scale commercial
areas can be found on collector roads in residential areas. Key community functions such as schools,
churches, and recreational facilities can often be found on collector roads.

A collector street usually consists of a mixture of signaled intersections, roundabouts, traffic

circles, or stop signs, often in the form of a four-way stop. Two-way stops are generally used at
intersections with local streets that favour traffic movement on the collector.
III. LOCAL STREETS

It is defined as street or road primarily for access to residence, business, or

other adjoining properties. It is also defined as a road constructednand maintained by
the local government.
IV. VEHICLE CONFLICTS