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za dostop
Meredith Levy Noel Goodey Diana Goodey do e-gradiva
www.iRokus.si

Messages
Delovni zvezek za angleščino v 8. razredu osnovne šole NEW EDITION

3
DELOVNI ZVEZEK –
VSEBINA ZA ZADNJO TRETJINO ŠOLSKEGA LETA
V času zaprtja vzgojno-izobraževalnih ustanov zaradi koronavirusa je fotokopiranje,
tiskanje oz. shranitev elektronske oblike tega gradiva izjemoma dovoljeno.
 Meredith Levy Noel Goodey Diana Goodey

Messages 3 New edition

.
no
Delovni zvezek za angleščino v 8. razredu osnovne šole

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vo
do
Soavtorji nalog Revision in Extension: Simona Napast, Nevenka Jesenik, Simon Dragšič

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Urednica: Petra Bizjak

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Prevod: Petra Bizjak

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Jezikovni pregled slovenskega besedila: Katja Paladin

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Ilustracije: Mark Duffin, F & L Productions, Christyan Fox, Martha Gavin, Graham Kennedy, Stephen May, Lee Montgomery, John Plumb,

iva
David Shenton, Kate Sheppard (Beehive Illustration), Lisa Smith (Sylvie Poggio), Jaka Vukotič (Umer Artists Agency), Kelly Waldek, Jennifer
Ward (Sylvie Poggio)

ad
Fotografije: Shutterstock, Thinkstock in drugi (natančen seznam je na koncu zvezka)

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Direktor produkcije: Klemen Fedran

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Izdala in založila: Založba Rokus Klett, d. o. o.

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Za založbo: Maruša Kmet

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Oblikovanje: Jasna Karnar

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Prelom: Andrej Jurjovec/Studio Signum, d. o. o.

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Tisk: Grafostil, d. o. o.

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Prva izdaja: 3. ponatis

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Naklada: 4.000 izvodov

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ite
Ljubljana 2018

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ra
.sh
oz
je
an
t isk
e,

Vse knjige in dodatna gradiva Založbe Rokus Klett

nj

dobite tudi na naslovu www.knjigarna.com.

pira
ko
to
fo
je
sa
iru
av

Messages was originally published by Cambridge University Press.

© Cambridge University Press 2005
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ko

Messages (Slovenian First Edition)

© Cambridge University Press and Rokus Klett 2005
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Messages (Slovenian Second Edition)

za

© Cambridge University Press and Rokus Klett 2015

ov

ISBN (Cambridge) 9781107453463

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ta
us

Brez pisnega dovoljenja založnika so prepovedani reproduciranje, distribuiranje, javna priobčitev, predelava ali druga uporaba avtorskega dela ali njegovih delov v kakršnem koli
obsegu ali postopku, kot tudi fotokopiranje, tiskanje ali shranitev v elektronski obliki. Tako ravnanje pomeni, razen v primerih od 46. do 57. člena Zakona o avtorski in sorodnih
h

pravicah, kršitev avtorske pravice.

i
ln
va
že
ra
ob
-iz
o
jn

CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji

go

Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana

vz

811.111(075.2)
ja

LEVY, Meredith
rt

Messages 3. Delovni zvezek za angleščino v 8. razredu osnovne šole [Dva

p
za

medija] : new edition / Meredith Levy, Noel Goodey, Diana Goodey ; [soavtorji
Založba Rokus Klett, d. o. o. nalog Revision in extension Simona Napast, Nevenka Jesenik, Simon Dragšič ;
su

Stegne 9 b, 1000 Ljubljana prevod Petra Bizjak ; ilustracije Mark Duffin ... [et al.] ; fotografije Shutterstock,
ča

Telefon: (01) 513 46 00 Thinkstock in drugi]. - 1. izd., 3. ponatis. - Ljubljana : Rokus Klett, 2018
V

E-pošta: rokus@rokus-klett.si
www.rokus-klett.si ISBN 978-961-271-673-8
1. Goodey, Noel 2. Goodey, Diana
292736512
V
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Meredith Levy

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Noel Goodey Diana Goodey

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Messages

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Delovni zvezek za angleščino v 8. razredu osnovne šole

sk
e
ob
lik
e
te
ga
gr
ad
iva
izj
em
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3

a
NEW EDITION

do
vo
l je
no
.
 7 Achievements 2 Present perfect: negative
Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the
13a

negative form of the present perfect. You may need

to look at the list of irregular verbs on page 96.

.
no
Dopolni povedi. Glagole v oklepajih postavi v nikalno obliko

je
časa present perfect. Pomagaj si s seznamom nepravilnih
Step 1

l
vo
glagolov na strani 96.

do
1 We can’t sing that song. We haven’t learnt

a
om
em
13a the words. (learn)
1 Present perfect: affirmative

izj
A Complete the table. If you aren’t sure, look at the list 2 Ana’s still upstairs. She

iva
of irregular verbs on page 96. / Dopolni preglednico. Če

ad
potrebuješ pomoč, poglej v seznam nepravilnih glagolov na strani 96. her email to her sister. (finish)

gr
3 Kate’s got a new boyfriend, but I

ga
Verb Past simple Past participle

te
him. (meet)

e
invented

lik
invent invented 1

ob
4 Mrs Grant’s annoyed because Charlie
arrive arrived 2

e
sk
the washing-up. (do)

n
drop 3
dropped

ro
5 The new band Hot Metal is popular in the clubs,

kt
4
bought bought

le
but they a record.

ve
do 5 6

ite
(make)

n
7
broke 8

ra
6 A: My mobile’s disappeared. Where is it?
sh
take 9 10
.
oz
B: I don’t know. I it.
je

11
forgot 12
an

(take)
isk

B Look at the pictures. What have these people done?

t

7 Jay isn’t here at the moment. He

e,

Write sentences with the words in the box and verbs

nj

back from the shops. (come)

ira

from 1A. / Oglej si slike. Kaj so ljudje naredili? Napiši povedi z

p

besedami iz okvirja in glagoli iz naloge 1A.

ko

8 This sauce isn’t very nice. You

to
fo

her keys • the window • a new machine • your scarf • enough salt in it. (put)
je

some new shoes • the shopping

sa
rui
n av
ro
ko
di
ra
za
ov
n
ta
us
h
i

1 I’ve bought some new shoes. 2 He 3 You

ln
va
že
ra
ob
-iz
o
jn
go
vz
ja
prt
za
su

4 She 5 They 6 I
ča
V

50 Module 4
 3 Vocabulary Our changing world 5 Listening A news report
Underline the right words in these short texts. 15 Listen to the local news report on a Bristol radio
V spodnjih dveh besedilih podčrtaj ustrezne besede. station. Tick (ü) the right answer: a, b or c.
Poslušaj lokalne novice radijske postaje mesta Bristol. Odkljukaj

.
no
pravilen odgovor: a, b ali c.

je
Every day people are (1destroying / polluting) huge

l
vo
areas of rainforest by cutting down the trees to

do
a
make room for farms. Without the forests, there is

om
more carbon in the atmosphere, and this adds to the

em
problem of (2weather / climate) change on our planet.

izj
iva
ad
gr
While rich people enjoy an easy and comfortable life,

ga
te
others are too (3poor / poverty) to be able pay for the

e
lik
(4technology / medicine) they need when they are ill. 1 The police have

ob
It’s a shocking fact that people in many parts of the a destroyed a factory.

e
sk
world have only (5polluted / pollution) water to drink b discovered how the fire started.

n
ro
and face (6starving / starvation) because they haven’t c closed the street.

kt
le
got enough to eat. 2 Greg Jones has

ve
a saved his sister.

ite
b had a dangerous accident.

n
ra
c helped his family.

sh
4 Poem
.
3 Mr Spencer has
oz
14 Find the past participles by adding a, e, i, o or
je

u and complete the poem. Then listen to the poem a bought some paintings.
an

and read it aloud. / Z dodajanjem samoglasnikov a, e, i, o b lost a lot of money.

isk

in u sestavi pretekle deležnike glagolov v okvirju in dopolni c done a lot of painting.

t
e,

pesem. Nato jo poslušaj in glasno beri.

nj

4 Wild Roses
ira

a have visited a hospital.

p

tkn • blt • trvlld • lrnt • sld • stdd • lndd

ko

b are in hospital.
to

c have used a machine at the hospital.

fo
je

5 Graham McShann hasn’t

sa

a moved to Middlesbrough.
ru

I’ve 1 sailed along the Amazon,

i

b scored many goals.

av
n

I’ve 2 by balloon, c decided to leave Bristol City.

ro
ko

I’ve 3
flights to outer space,
di
ra

I’ve 4 on the moon, 6 Extension What’s happened in your life?

za
ov

But still somehow I find Think about things that have happened in the past
n

six months. In your notebook, write sentences in

ta
us

I can’t leave you behind. the present perfect. / Pomisli, kaj se ti je zgodilo v zadnjih
h

šestih mesecih. V zvezek napiši povedi v času present perfect.

i
ln

I’ve eleven languages,

va

5 Things I’m proud of:

že

I’ve learnt to dive.

I’ve 6 a bridge or two,
ra
ob

Things I’m not proud of:

I’ve 7 Chinese writing and
-iz

I’ve argued a lot with my dad.

o
jn

The history of Peru,

go

Things I’m happy about:

vz

But still somehow I find I’ve made some new friends at school.
ja
rt

You’re always on my mind. Things I’m unhappy about:

p
za

My favourite TV programme has finished.

su
ča
V

Unit 7 51
 Step 2

1 Vocabulary Housework 13a

3 Present perfect: questions
Match the words in the table and make seven sentences. Read the replies in this conversation
Poveži besede v tabeli in sestavi sedem povedi. about Selwood Park. Then write the

.
questions using the present perfect.

no
je
Preberi odgovore v pogovoru o parku Selwood.
1 Would you do the rubbish away in the cupboard.

l
vo
Nato napiši vprašanja. Uporabi present perfect.

do
2 I’m doing my room because I didn’t have time.
A: 1 Have Michael and his group

a
3 I did my bed after dinner, please?

om
cleaned the lake ?

em
4 Please put the ironing so the carpets will be clean.

izj
5 Could you put the washing-up out, please? B: No, but they’ve started to clean it.

iva
6 I need to tidy the hoovering when the clothes were dry.

ad
A: What 2 ?

gr
7 I didn’t make your clothes because it’s in a mess.
B: Some picnic tables.

ga
te
A: How 3

e
1 Would you do the washing-up after dinner, please?

lik
?

ob
2

e
sk
B: About 120.

n
ro
A: 4

kt
3

le
?

ve
ite
B: Over £4,000.

n
4

ra
A: 5

sh
.
oz
a skateboarding area?
5
je
an

B: No, they haven’t.

isk

A: 6
?
t
e,

6
nj

B: No, it hasn’t, but it’s going to open soon.

irap

A: 7
the park ?
ko

7
to

B: Oh, yes! It’s improved a lot.

fo
je
sa
ru

2 Reading Park Rescue

i
av

Read the text. Then read the sentences and

n

A
ro

write T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t SHORT TIME AGO, the Michael has talked about the project
ko

in the text). / Preberi besedilo. Nato preberi trditve local park in Selwood on the radio and he’s put articles in the
di

in k vsaki dopiši T (pravilno), F (napačno) ali ? (podatka looked terrible. The lake local newspaper. In six months, about
ra
za

ni v besedilu). was polluted, seats were bro- 120 people have joined Park Rescue.
ov

ken and the place was full of The group has organised concerts and
1 Park Rescue started six months ago. T
n

rubbish. they’ve collected money in the street.

ta

With these activities and with the help

us

2 Michael got a job at Selwood Park. of some local business people, they’ve
h

But now all that has changed, thanks to

i
ln

3 There’s a lot of rubbish in the park. raised over £4,000.

Michael Chambers, a 16-year-old stu-
va

dent. Six months ago, Michael organ- ‘We haven’t finished the work,’ Michael
že

4 Michael’s group hasn’t finished says. ‘We want to make a skateboarding

ra

ised a group called Park Rescue, and

cleaning the lake.
ob

this group has produced some amazing area, and at the moment we need some
-iz

results. advice about cleaning the lake. But birds

5 Michael has appeared on TV.
o

have started to come back to Selwood

jn

Members have used their free time to

Park, and it’s becoming a place that
go

6 There are over a hundred people clean the park. They’ve taken away
people can enjoy. The old café is going
vz

in the Park Rescue group now. tons of rubbish, and they’ve started to
to open soon and that will be great.’
ja

clean the lake. They’ve mended a lot of

rt

7 They want to organise more concerts. If you can help, contact Michael at
p

the seats and they’ve bought some new

za

picnic tables. They’ve also planted some parkrescue@biglink.co.uk.

8 They need £4,000 for their work.
su

flowers and 60 young trees.

ča

9 There have always been lots of birds

V

in the park.

52 Module 4

4 Expressions I think so / I don’t think so
Write the replies. Use I think so or I don’t think so
and the right sentences (a–f). / Napiši odgovore. Uporabi
B Now complete the questions and answers about
Ellie’s friends. / Dopolni vprašanja in odgovore o Elliejinih
prijateljih.
Has Nick seen the new James Bond film?

.
1

no
I think so oz. I don’t think so in ustrezno poved (a–f).

je
Yes , he .

l
vo
1 A: Is that Ben over there?

do
2 Matt and his family gone to Italy?
B: I don’t think so. He doesn’t live near here.

a
om
, they . They’ve
2 A: Does this camera work?

em
to France.

izj
B:

iva
3 Kate asked Selma to come with her?
3 A: Is Sarah coming home from hospital soon?

ad
gr
, she .
B:

ga
4 Selma bought?

te
4 A: Will your brothers be at the match tomorrow?

e
lik
A new .
B:

ob
5 Why isn’t Kate free?

e
5 A: Is Tony still going out with Caroline?

n sk
Because her cousins come to stay for the

ro
B:

kt
weekend.

le
6 A: Has Emma finished the washing-up?

ve
6 What about Jane? she gone to the beach?

ite
B:

n
, she . She’s visiting her

ra
sh
a She’s getting better now.
.
.
oz
b But you’ll need to charge the battery.
je

c She’s still in the kitchen.

an

d He doesn’t live near here. 6 Extension Present perfect and past simple
isk

e They aren’t great sports fans. Complete the sentences. Use one verb in the present
t
e,

perfect and the other in the past simple. / Dopolni povedi.

f I saw them together a few days ago.
nj

En glagol postavi v present perfect, drugega pa v past simple.

irap

1 I noticed (notice) that magazine in the

ko

5 Listening Everyone is busy!

to

newsagent’s yesterday, but I haven’t read

fo

A 16 Ellie wants to see a film,U7/S2/E5

but none of her
je

friends can go with her. Listen U7/S2/E5

and match the names
sa

of her friends with the pictures. / Ellie želi iti v kino, (not read) it.
ru

a nobeden od prijateljev se ji ne more pridružiti. Poslušaj in

i

2 Oh, wow! You (buy) a new jacket.

av

poveži imena njenih prijateljev s slikami.

n
ro

When you (get) it?

ko

Nick Selma Jane

3 Cathy (take) her umbrella with
di

Matt Kate
ra

E5 U7/S2/E5
za

/E5
her when she left home, but now she thinks she
ov

(lose) it.
n

1 2
ta
us

4 Alex! You (not take) your

h
i
ln

tablets! I (put) them by your bed

va
že

this morning.
ra
ob

3 4 5 My sister (drop) my sunglasses

o-iz

and broke them. I’m not angry with her because

jn
go

she (promise) to buy me a new

vz
ja

pair.
rt
p
za

5 6 Our neighbours are worried because their

su
ča

cat (not come) home.

V

It (disappear) last Friday.

Unit 7 53
 Step 3
8 David’s father is the director of a
1 ‘Take Action!’: vocabulary check which makes and sells medical equipment.
A Match the words in the box with the correct stress.
Besede v okvirju poveži s pravilnim vzorcem poudarkov. 9 One of our big trees came down in the wind last

.
no
night. Luckily, it was at the back of the garden, so it

je
l
fashion • company • organic • tropical • inhabitants •

vo
didn’t the house.

do
support • campaign • damage • surrounded

a
om
1  fashion 2 Translation

em
Translate these sentences into Slovenian.

izj
2  Spodnje povedi prevedi v slovenščino.

iva
3 

ad
1 I don’t understand how this machine works.

gr
4 

ga
te
5 

e
lik
ob
B Complete the sentences with the words in 1A. 2 Kirsty doesn’t take care of her things. She’s lost her

e
Dopolni odgovore. Uporabi besede iz naloge 1A. new watch.

skn
ro
kt
le
ve
ite
3 A: Have you done the ironing?

n
B: Yes, I have, and I’ve put my clothes away.

ra
sh
.
oz
je

1 The campsite is in a valley by high

an
isk

4 A: Has Simon come home?

mountains.
t

B: No, I don’t think so. I haven’t seen him.

e,
nj

2 In a climate you have warm

ira
p

temperatures all through the year, and there’s

ko
to

usually a wet season when you get a lot of rain.

fo

3 Word work The infinitive of purpose

je

3 London is a city of over eight million

sa

Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use

ru

and the population is the infinitive of purpose. / Povedi dopolni po svoje.

i
av

Uporabi namenilnik.
n

continuing to rise.
ro

1 Andrew called the police to tell them about

ko

4 Plastic is made with chemicals, but wood comes

di

the accident
ra

from the natural world. It’s an .

za

2 Sophie’s looking for a website

ov

material.
n
ta

5 Michael is very interested in  . .

us
h

He always looks cool and dresses in the most 3 Dad’s gone to the supermarket
i
ln
va

modern clothes. .
že
ra

6 It’s been hard work starting my own business, but 4 I’m going to the library
ob
-iz

I’ve had lots of from my family. .

o
jn

5 Jack went up to his room

go

They’ve always encouraged me and given me help

vz

when I needed it. .

ja
prt

7 There are plans to close the hospital in our town, 6 We visited an animal sanctuary
za
su

but local people have started a .

ča

7 Shall we stop at the bank

V

to try to stop this happening.

?
54 Module 4
 Extra reading

Let’s clean the world! 2 Vocabulary

Replace the underlined words with one of the
words in the box. / Podčrtane besede zamenjaj z

.
no
besedami iz okvirja.

lje
vo
toxic • waste • tiny • volunteers • collect • litter •

do
tyres • nets

a
om
em
1 Factories make things we need but they also

izj
iva
produce a lot of material that nobody wants to

ad
keep or use, which is bad for the environment.

gr
ga
te
2 I’ve put the dustbin outside. The men are coming

e
lik
1 Comprehension to pick up and take away the rubbish tomorrow

ob
Read the text on page 79 in the Student’s Book

e
morning.

sk
again. Then look at these sentences. Choose the

n
best answer and underline it. / Ponovno preberi 3 We managed to clean up the beach with the help

ro
kt
besedilo na strani 79 v učbeniku. Nato preberi spodnje of twenty people who offered to work without

le
povedi. Izberi najustreznejše nadaljevanje vsake povedi

ve
in ga podčrtaj. any payment.

ite
4 The river is polluted with very poisonous

n
1 The text is about

ra
a government plans to remove rubbish and chemicals.
.sh
waste. 5 There aren’t many fish in this part of the sea, and
oz
b a movement to create a cleaner environment.
je

the fishing boats often come back with empty

an

c a campaign that encourages people to recycle

isk

things made of thin ropes for catching animals.

their rubbish.
t
e,
nj

2 In Estonia, … took part in the first ‘Let’s Do It!’

6 Computer chips are very small, but they are the
ira

clean-up.
p

‘brains’ of our computers.

ko

a 5,000 people
to

b a million people 7 Look – there’s a hole in one of your rubber things

fo

c five per cent of the population

je

on the wheels. You won’t be able to drive the car if

sa

3 More than a quarter of a million Slovenian you don’t change it.

ru
i

volunteers collected rubbish

av

8 The town centre looks awful because of all the

n

a on one day in March, 2012.

ro

paper and other bits of rubbish that people have

b from rivers and lakes.
ko

dropped in the street.

di

c in towns and different parts of the countryside.

ra
za

4 Nearly everyone in Slovenia knew about the

3 Extra writing
ov

clean-up
n

Imagine you took part in the ‘Let’s Do It!’ project

ta

a because of reports in the media.

in Slovenia. Write a diary for the day you spent on
us

b because it was the country’s largest the project. Use the questions to help you. / Zamisli
h i

environmental project.
ln

si, da si sodeloval/-a v slovenskem projektu Let’s Do It! Napiši

va

c because it was a big international movement. dnevniški zapis za ta dan. Pomagaj si s spodnjimi vprašanji.
že
ra

5 … have now taken part in the ‘Let’s Do It!’ project. • How many people were there?
ob

a Most countries in the world • Where did you go?

-iz

b Over 100 countries • What did you find there?

o
jn

c All the countries around the Mediterranean Sea • What did you do with it?
go
vz

• How many hours did you spend on this work?

6 Ljubljana has set a good example because
ja

• How much rubbish did you collect altogether?

rt

a it has promised to try to stop producing waste.

p

• How did you feel at the end of the day?

za

b it has reduced the amount of rubbish to zero.

su

c it recycles more than three quarters of its rubbish. Today I helped to clean up the river, with 30
ča

other volunteers. We went …

V

Unit 7 55
 Revision

2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.

1 Put the words in the right order and make
Use the negative form of the present perfect.
sentences. Then match them with the pictures. Dopolni povedi z glagoli iz okvirja. Uporabi nikalno obliko časa
Uredi besede v pravilen vrstni red in napiši povedi. Poveži jih
present perfect.

.
no
U7/R/E1s slikami.
U7/R/E1
U7/R/E1
U7/R/E1

je
U7/R/E1
U7/R/E1

l
have • finish • travel • buy • study • make

vo
A B

do
a
1 I’ve started my new book but I haven’t

om
em
finished it.

izj
iva
2 Jessie’s had a shower but she

ad
her bed.

gr
ga
C D 3 I’m hungry. I any

te
e
breakfast.

lik
ob
4 Ben and Stella can’t speak French. They

e
sk
any foreign languages.

n
ro
kt
5 We’re looking round the shops but we

le
ve
anything.

ite
E F

n
6 Kate’s feeling a bit nervous before her flight. She

ra
sh
by plane before.
.
oz
je

3 Look at the table. Write questions and short answers

an
isk

in the present perfect. / Oglej si preglednico. Napiši

t

vprašanja in kratke odgovore v času present perfect.

e,
nj
ira
p

1 window / broken / the children / have / a clean / windows ? ü

ko

1 Sue
The children have broken a window.
to

wash / car ? û
fo

B
je

Picture: do / hoovering ? û
sa

2 John
ru

2 Jennifer / cleaned / room / her / hasn't tidy / room ? ü

i
avn

do / washing-up ? ü
ro

3 Tess and Sam

ko

Picture: put / clothes away ? û

di
ra

3 cooked / Mum / spaghetti / has / some

za

1 A: Has Sue cleaned the windows?

nov
ta

Picture: B: Yes, she has.

us
h

4 Bob / homework / has / lost / his A: Has she

i
ln
va

B:
že
ra

Picture: 2 A:
ob
-iz

5 a / our / car / neighbours / have / new / bought B:

o
jn
go

A:
vz

Picture: B:
ja
prt

6 has / the / newspaper / Mike / read 3 A:

za
su

B:
ča
V

Picture: A:
B:
56 Module 4
 Extension

1 Complete the conversations. Use the present perfect 2 Read the text. Then read the sentences and write
or the past simple form of the verbs in each box. T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t in the text).
Dopolni pogovore. Glagole v okvirjih postavi v present perfect Preberi besedilo. Nato preberi trditve in k vsaki dopiši T (pravilno),
ali past simple. F (napačno) ali ? (podatka ni v besedilu).

.
no
lje
vo
1 buy • make Saving Gwrych Castle

do
My name is Mark Baker and I was seven years old when I

a
om
A: Look! Dad first saw Gwrych Castle. I was in the car with my parents

em
when we drove past it. I fell in love with the place

izj
a cake! immediately.

iva
B: I don’t believe it. I think he

ad
It looks very old, but it’s quite modern. A rich man called

gr
it on his Lloyd Bamford-Hesketh built the castle in 1819. He liked

ga
medieval castles so he decided he wanted one!

te
way home.

e
In the last hundred years, the castle has been many

lik
ob
different things, from a restaurant to the location for a

e
2 Hollywood film. However, nobody has lived there for a

sk
explain • forget • finish
long time. When I saw it, I felt sad because it’s in very

n
ro
poor condition. Some of the walls have fallen down, and

kt
A: you

le
the glass from the windows has gone. When it rains,

ve
your maths everything gets wet.

ite
n
homework? I decided I wanted to do something to protect the castle

ra
sh
B: No, I haven’t. I can’t do it. The so, when I was 11, I started a campaign to save it. Later,
.
oz
this became the Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust.
teacher
je

We have done a lot to help the castle. We have held

an
isk

it to me yesterday, but now different events to raise money, and I have given lots of
t

talks about the castle and its history. I have written three
e,

I what
nj

books about the castle and I have even met the Prince of
ira

he said. Wales and the Prime Minister! You can see our website at
p
ko

http://www.gwrychtrust.co.uk.
to

3 hit • break • happen

fo

I hope that we will be able to save the castle, so that

je

people from all over the world will be able to come here
sa

A: Irena her and enjoy it.

iru
av

arm.
n
ro

B: Oh, no. How

ko

1 Gwrych Castle is an ancient building in Wales.

di

that ? 2 Mark Baker has been interested in the

ra
za

A: She a tree castle for a long time.

ov
n

when she was riding her bike.

ta

3 In the past, it was one of the most famous

us

castles in the country.

h

4
i

think • watch • hate

ln
va

4 During the last century, the castle has

že

A: Steve
ra

fallen down.
ob

this video?
-iz

5 Mark was a young boy when he started his

o

B: Yes, he has.
jn

campaign.
go

A: What he
vz

6 The Prime Minister has visited the castle.

ja

of it?
rt

7 You can read about Gwrych Castle on the

p
za

B: He it.
su

internet.
ča

8 Mark’s organisation has saved the castle.

V

Unit 7 57
 8 Experiences 3 Present perfect + just
Complete the sentences about what has just
13d

happened. Use just with the present perfect

form of the verbs in box A and the words

.
no
in box B. / Dopolni povedi o tem, kar se je pravkar

je
Step 1 zgodilo. Uporabi just, glagole iz okvirja A v obliki

l
vo
present perfect in besede iz okvirja B.

do
a
om
A learn • see • swim • be • mend • fall

em
1 Vocabulary Outdoor activities

izj
Complete the sentences with outdoor activities.

iva
Dopolni povedi z izrazi za aktivnosti na prostem. to China • his motorbike • to walk • asleep •

ad
B

gr
400 metres • a ghost
1 You don’t go far under the surface of the water when

ga
te
you‘re s norkelling .

e
lik
1 2
2 People usually travel down a river when they go

ob
e
c .

n sk
ro
3 S is like surfing on the snow.

kt
le
4 People sometimes go s d to

ve
ite
find ships that have sunk to the bottom of the sea.

n
ra
5 If you want to go r , you’ll need to choose a

sh
3 4
.
oz
place where the river flows very fast. It’s an exciting sport.
je
an

6 You get a wonderful view from the air when you go

isk

h -g .
t
e,
nj

7 When you’re r c , you need

ira
p

to move slowly and carefully to make sure you don’t fall.

ko
to

5 6
fo

13c
2 Present perfect + ever and never
je
sa

Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the present

ru

perfect. Use ever in the questions and never in the

i
av

answers. / Dopolni povedi. Glagole postavi v present perfect.

n
ro

V vprašanjih uporabi ever, v odgovorih pa never.

ko

1 A: Have you ever stayed at the Blue Lake campsite? (stay)

di
ra

1 Danny has just mended his motorbike

za

B: No, I haven’t . I’ve never been there. (be) .

n ov

2 A: you a mountain 2 I
ta
us

bike? (ride) .
i h
ln

B: No, .I 3 Frank
va
že

to ride a bike. (learn) .

ra
ob

3 A: Fiona a pizza? (make) 4 We

o-iz

B: No, . She .
jn
go

5 Sam
vz

a meal. (cook)
ja

.
rt

4 A: your parents
p
za

a car? (have) 6 They

su
ča

B: No, . They .
V

one. (want)

58 Module 4
 4 Listening What have they done?
17 Listen to the conversation between Rosa and
Gary. What have the five people done? Write the
letters a–e. / Poslušaj pogovor Rose in Garyja. Kaj je storilo

.
no
spodnjih pet ljudi? Napiši črke a–e.

lje
vo
1 Rosa c a has bought some sports clothes

do
a
2 Megan b has done a bungee jump

om
em
3 Jay c has been canoeing

izj
4 Tom d has painted some pictures

iva
ad
5 Gary e has played basketball

gr
ga
te
e
lik
5 Make a conversation 6 Extension What are their jobs?

ob
Read the information and write the conversation. Read the sentences. Put the letters in

e
the right order and find the people’s

sk
Preberi podatke in napiši pogovor.

n
jobs. / Preberi povedi. Premeči črke in poišči

ro
Zoe and Adam are talking
poklice.

kt
about holidays.

le
ve
1 Zoe asks Adam if he’s ever
renarit • crotod • scrates • sub revird •

ite
been skiing.

n
2 Adam says yes – he tried iratew • phos stasnista

ra
sh
it once when he was in
.
oz
France. 1 Stefan hasn’t got a car, but he’s just
je

3 Zoe asks Adam when he driven to the airport.

an

went to France.
isk

4 Adam says that he went

t
e,

there a year ago with his 2 Daniel goes to a clothes shop every
nj
ira

uncle. He asks Zoe if she’s day, but he’s never bought anything
p

ever been to France.

ko

there.
to

5 Zoe replies that she

fo

hasn’t, but she would like

je

to go there one day. She asks Adam if he travels a lot with his family. 3 Jill has just come home from the
sa
ru

6 Adam replies that he doesn’t, but he’s been abroad twice. hospital, but she hasn’t been ill.
i
av

7 Zoe says that he’s lucky. She tells him that she’s never travelled
n
ro

outside England and she’s never been on a plane.

ko

4 Ken has just been to the Olympic

di

Have you ever been skiing? Games with the swimming team, but
ra

ZOE: 1
za

he didn’t swim.
ov

ADAM: 2
n
ta

ZOE: 3
us

5 Liz has never been married, but she’s

h

ADAM: 4
had 15 different names.
i
ln
va
že
ra

ZOE: 5
6 Andrew has just brought a plate of
ob
-iz

food to the table, but he isn't going

o

to eat it.
jn
go
vz

ADAM: 6
ja
rtp

ZOE: 7
za
su
ča
V

Unit 8 59
 Step 2

1 Expressions Time expressions with for and since ages • several months • the day before yesterday •
Complete the sentences with the time expressions in the box. last weekend • a few weeks • the Saturday before last •
Dopolni povedi s časovnimi izrazi iz okvirja. a couple of days

.
no
je
It’s Wednesday 20th October.

l
vo
do
1 Sarah started her job on Monday. She’s had the job since .

a
om
2 Hassan left on Monday. He’s been away for .

em
3 Greg’s last football match was on 9th October. He hasn’t played since .

izj
iva
4 My grandparents came to this town a long time ago. They’ve lived here for .

ad
gr
5 Alicia met Harry at the beginning of October. She’s known him for .

ga
te
6 They arrived in Toronto in June or July. They’ve been in Canada for .

e
lik
7 Emma began to feel ill on Sunday. She’s been ill since .

ob
e
sk
2 Reading A young musician

n
ro
A Read the article and complete it with for or since. / Preberi članek in ga ustrezno dopolni s for ali since.

kt
le
ve
ite
Success for young musician

n
ra
For a long time Sharon Sadler has sh
.
oz
1
Sharon has been a star in the
je

had a dream about playing in a big orchestra at the Kingsgate Music

an

orchestra. Now her dream is coming School 5 she joined it three

isk

true. At the age of 15, Sharon has just years ago. She has performed in lots
t
e,

become the youngest member of the of local concerts and she won the
nj
ira

Brighton Orchestra. Young Musicians competition last

p

May. 6 the competition,

ko

Sharon has played the violin

to

she has appeared several times on

2
she was five years old
fo

national television.
je

and she has studied with her teacher,

sa

Janet Chandler, 3 eight Sharon is beginning her work

ru

years. ‘Sharon was a brilliant player with the Brighton Orchestra

i
av

even when she was a little girl,’ Mrs next month. She has got special
n
ro

Chandler said. ‘But she’s also worked permission to be out of school

ko

incredibly hard. She’s practised when the orchestra is practising.

di
ra

regularly 4 several hours ‘It’s so exciting,’ Sharon said. ‘This

za

every day and she’s done her normal has been my ambition 7 She’s a young person with a great
ov

school work as well. Everyone’s very years. It’s hard to believe it’s really future. We wish her lots of success
n
ta

proud of her.’ happening.’ in her career.

us
h
i
ln
va

B Read the text again. Then read the sentences and circle the right answer: a, b or c.
že

Ponovno preberi besedilo. Nato preberi povedi in obkroži pravilen odgovor: a, b ali c.
ra
ob

1 Sharon has just 3 She hasn’t 5 Sharon’s first performance on TV was

-iz

a had her fourteenth birthday. a done much school work. a in May.

o
jn

b started playing the violin. b finished school. b before May.

go

c joined a big orchestra. c been very hard-working. c after May.

vz
ja
rt

2 She’s had violin lessons with 4 She’s been a member of her 6 At the moment she’s
p
za

Mrs Chandler since she was school orchestra a planning to leave school.
su

a five. a for three years. b practising with the Brighton

ča

b seven. b for 18 months. Orchestra.

V

c eight. c for eight years. c feeling excited about the future.

60 Module 4
 13a, e
3 Questions in the present perfect
Put the words in the right order and make questions. Then match them with the answers (a–f).
Besede postavi v pravilen vrstni red in napiši povedi. Nato jih poveži z odgovori a–f.

.
no
je
1 good / have / any / recently / seen / films / you ?

l
vo
a Since September.
Have you seen any good films recently? c

do
b Four or five times.

a
c No, I haven’t.

om
2 your / tried / friends / have / skateboarding / ever ?
d Yes, she’s been here

em
for ten years.

izj
iva
3 coffee / new / Dad / has / a / maker / bought ? e No, they haven’t.

ad
f Yes, he has.

gr
ga
4 known / Sandra / long / you / how / have ?

te
e
lik
ob
5 long / London / for / time / lived / Helen / a / has / in ?

e
sk
n
ro
kt
6 camping / times / you / many / been / have / how ?

le
ve
n ite
ra
sh
13d, e
4 for, since and just oz
. 5 Extension Time to talk
je

Write the sentences in a different way. Use for, since or just. A Sara is having a conversation
an

Povedi napiši drugače. Uporabi for, since ali just. with a new friend. Read what
isk

she says. / Sara se pogovarja z novim

t

1 Jay met Ana last September. prijateljem. Preberi, kaj pravi.

e,
nj

Jay has known Ana since last September . (know)

ira

SARA:
p
ko

2 Mr and Mrs Grant’s home has been in London for 30 years. • Have you lived here all your life?
to

• Have you ever travelled abroad?

fo

Mr and Mrs Grant have • How long have you been at your
je

school?
sa

. (live)
ru

• Have you enjoyed studying

i

3 Ana went into her room two hours ago.

av

English?
n
ro

Ana has . (be) • What’s your favourite sport?

ko

• Have you ever played in a school

di

4 Martin finished his lunch a couple of minutes ago.

competition?
ra
za

Martin has . (finish)

ov

18 Now listen to the

n

5 I got this watch in January. conversation. / Poslušaj pogovor.

ta
us

I’ve . (have)
hi
ln

6 Lizzie’s seventeen. Her interest in Africa started when she was eight B Read Sara’s questions again.
va

Then imagine she’s talking to you.

že

years old. Think about the answers you want

ra

to make. / Ponovno preberi Sarina

ob

Lizzie’s seventeen. She’s interested vprašanja. Predstavljaj si, da govori s tabo.

-iz

Kako bi ji odgovoril/-a?
o

. (be)
jn
go

7 Charlie started his exam five minutes ago.

vz

C 19 Close your book, listen to

the questions and respond. / Zapri
ja

Charlie has . (start)

rt

delovni zvezek, poslušaj in odgovori.

p
za

8 It's been nearly a year since Ana saw her family.

su
ča

Ana hasn't (see)

V

Unit 8 61
 Step 3

1 ‘Coldplay – the world-famous band’: 2 Translation

vocabulary check Translate these sentences into Slovenian.
Spodnje povedi prevedi v slovenščino.
A Look at the words in the box. Can you find one

.
no
adjective? / Oglej si besede v okvirju. Ali najdeš pridevnik?

je
1 A: Have you ever tried scuba diving?

l
vo
Adjective: B: No, I haven’t. I’ve always been afraid of sharks.

do
a
om
release • album • hit • perform • numerous •

em
awards • including • gigs • flames • pour

izj
iva
ad
B Complete the sentences. Use words in the box in 1A. 2 My grandfather has never been abroad. But he’s

gr
Dopolni povedi. Uporabi besede iz naloge 1A. just decided to go to Paris for a week.

ga
te
e
lik
ob
e
3 A: My mobile doesn’t work.

sk
B: How long have you had it?

n
ro
kt
le
ve
1 The fire completely destroyed the house. Before the

ite
n
firemen could get there, the whole building went up 4 A: How long have you known Monica?

ra
sh
B: I’ve known her for a long time. We’ve been
in .
.
friends since we started school.
oz
je

2 We’ve had messages of support for

an
isk

our campaign. It’s good to know that lots of people

t
e,

agree with our ideas.

nj
ira

3 I like singing, but I’m shy. I don’t want to

p
ko

in front of a lot of people. 3 Word work Prepositions of time

to

Underline the right prepositions to complete the

fo

4 The band’s got two this week: one sentences. / Podčrtaj ustrezne predloge, da dopolniš povedi.
je
sa

at the Black Cat Club and the other at a private party.

ru

1 I go to the local swimming pool (in / on / at)

i
av

5 The film is now showing in US cinemas and they’re

Tuesdays after school.
n
ro

going to it in the UK next week.

ko

2 We visited England for the first time (in / on / at)

di

6 When you’ve cooked the pasta, put it in a bowl and

ra

May 2011.
za

the sauce over it.

ov

3 School in Slovenia starts (in / on / at) 1st September

n

7 Have you heard Taylor Swift’s new ?

ta

and finishes (in / on / at) June.

us

There are some fabulous songs on it.

h

4 I usually get up (in / on / at) 7 o’clock (in / on / at)

i
ln
va

8 My friend Kirsty’s a brilliant piano player. She’s won

the morning.
že
ra

two – the Beethoven Piano Prize

5 They always visit their grandparents (in / on / at)
ob
-iz

and Young Musician of the Year.

Christmas.
o
jn

9 I was in a group with five other people. So there

go

6 We often go skiing in Austria (in / on / at) the winter.

vz

were six people in the group, me.

7 I’m going to look for a new bag at the market
ja
rt

10 His new single was an immediate .

p

(in / on / at) Saturday.

za

It sold 250,000 copies in the first week and quickly

su

8 This shop closes for lunch (in / on / at) half past

ča

moved to Number One in the charts.

V

twelve.

62 Module 4
 Extra reading

What’s on?
2 Vocabulary
Use words from the text to complete the puzzle.

.
no
Uporabi besede iz besedila in reši križanko.

lje
vo
1

do
P

a
2
E

om
em
3
R

izj
4
F

iva
5

ad
O

gr
6
R

ga
te
7
M

e
lik
8
E

ob
1 Comprehension 9
R

e
sk
Read the text on page 87 in the Student’s

n
Book again. Then complete these

ro
kt
sentences with the right name: Punk Kids, 1 If you something in the future, you feel quite

le
Iyana, Mission Man or Boys 4 Ever. / Ponovno confident that it will happen.

ve
preberi besedilo na strani 87 v učbeniku. Dopolni

ite
vsako poved z ustreznim imenom: Punk Kids, Iyana, 2 This adverb means ‘a short time ago’.

n
ra
Mission Man ali Boys 4 Ever.
3 The are the words of a song.

sh
Iyana had a hit song in the UK last
1 .
oz
4 Current are important events that are happening now.
je

year.
an

5 This is the word for the music in a film.

isk

2 ’s songs 6 There is a when countries or large groups of people

t
e,

express serious ideas. fight against each other.

nj
ira

3 will be in 7 If you two or more things, you mix them together

p
ko

so that they become one.

to

England this summer.

fo

8 This is a place where an organised event takes place.

je

4 are a
sa

9 If a band is on a world , they are travelling and

ru

group of three performers.

performing in different countries.
i
av

5 People download ’s
n
ro

3 Extra writing
ko

music more often than other bands’.

di

Think of a venue and write an advert for at least two

ra

6 is the events that are taking place there soon. The venue can
za

be a real place that you know or an imaginary one. It

ov

largest group playing at London Lights

might be: / Izberi si prizorišče in napiši oglas za najmanj dva dogodka,
n
ta

in May. ki se bosta zgodila kmalu. Prizorišče je lahko resničen ali izmišljen kraj,
us

na primer:
h

7 will play
i
ln

• a concert hall • a theatre

va

some of their most popular songs at • a stadium • a gallery or museum

že
ra

London Lights. Give short descriptions of the events or performances.

ob

They might be: / Na kratko opiši dogodke ali nastope, na primer:

-iz

8 At the moment
o

• concerts • plays
jn
go

are touring the world. • sports events • exhibitions

vz

9 ’s music is
ja

Use the adverts on pages 80–81 and 87 of the Student’s

rtp

now becoming popular outside Europe. Book for ideas. / Pomagaj si z zamislimi v oglasih na straneh 80,
za

81 in 87 v učbeniku.
su

10 play
ča
V

music in a mixture of styles.

Unit 8 63
 Revision

1 Find seven outdoor activities by 3 Complete the sentences with for, since or just.
matching the parts of the words. Dopolni povedi s for, since ali just.
Poveži dele besed in napiši sedem aktivnosti
since

.
1 We’ve been here quarter to eight.

no
na prostem.

je
2 I’ve lived in London several years now.

l
vo
RAF • CA • BUN • LING • PING • GEE •

do
GLID • SNOW • KEL • SCU • SNOR • 3 Our teacher has told us there aren’t any classes

a
om
ING • BOAR • NO • DI • DING • TING • tomorrow.

em
VING • HANG • JUM • EING • BA
4 I haven’t seen Mike the Saturday before last.

izj
iva
1 rafting 5 I’ve had a cold a couple of days.

ad
gr
2 6 The Titanic has been at the bottom of the ocean more

ga
3 than a century.

te
e
lik
4 7 We’ve been at this hotel the day before yesterday.

ob
5 8 I’ve done a bungee jump. It was brilliant!

e
sk
n
6 4 Read Emily’s email to her friend Molly. Then read the sentences and

ro
kt
7 write T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t in the text). / Preberi Emilyjino

le
ve
elektronsko sporočilo prijateljici Molly. Nato preberi trditve in k vsaki dopiši T
(pravilno), F (napačno) ali ? (odgovora ni v besedilu).

ite
2 Make questions with ever and complete

n
the short answers. / Tvori vprašanja z ever

ra
sh
in dopolni kratke odgovore.
Hi Molly .
oz
1 you / go / canoeing ?
je

You’ll never guess what I’ve just done! I’ve been scuba diving.
an

A: Have you ever been canoeing? And it was amazing – I’ve never experienced anything like it
isk

before. My uncle has done lots of dives in Taylor’s Bay since

B: No, I haven’t
t

.
e,

he came to live near here four years ago, and he took me to

nj

a place where there’s an old boat at the bottom of the sea.

ira

2 they / travel / by plane ?

It was like being in another world! There were all sorts of
p
ko

A: fantastic sea creatures, including lots of brightly coloured fish.

to

I even saw a turtle. It was really exciting, and at times a bit

fo

frightening too. I was quite scared when a really big jellyfish

je

swam past me. Uncle Jack has sometimes seen sharks down
sa

B: Yes, . there too, but not dangerous ones, thank goodness. I bought
ru

a special camera that takes photos underwater so I can show

i

3 he / try / rock climbing ?

av

you all the things I saw.

n
ro

A: I’ve tried lots of outdoor activities – snowboarding, bungee

ko

jumping, canoeing – but scuba diving is the best thing I’ve

di

ever done. I know you’ve always wanted to try it so perhaps

ra
za

B: No, . next summer we can go together. You’ll love it. I can’t wait.
ov

4 you / read / a book in English ? Love, Emily

n
ta
us

A:
hi
ln

1 Emily went scuba diving a short time ago. T

va
že

B: Yes, . 2 She’s often tried this activity.

ra
ob

5 Olga / drive / a car ? 3 Her uncle has lived near Taylor’s Bay for four years.
-iz
o

A: 4 He’s known about the old boat for a long time.

jn
go

5 Emily was in danger because there were sharks in the water.

vz
ja

B: Yes, . 6 She’s seen a new camera that she wants to buy.

rt
p
za

6 your sisters / ride / a horse ? 7 She’s never done a bungee jump.

su
ča

A: 8 She thinks scuba diving is better than other outdoor activities.

V

B: No, . 9 Molly is interested in scuba diving too.

64 Module 4
 Extension

1 Complete the sentences with been or gone. If you 4 Read the article by David Jones. Then read the
aren’t sure, look at the Remember box on page 81 in sentences and write T (true), F (false) or ? (the
the Student’s Book. / Dopolni povedi z glagolsko obliko been answer isn’t in the text). / Preberi članek Davida Jonesa.

.
no
ali gone. Če potrebuješ pomoč, si oglej okvir Remember na strani Nato preberi trditve in k vsaki dopiši T (pravilno), F (napačno)

je
81 v učbeniku. ali ? (podatka ni v besedilu).

l
vo
do
1 Kate isn’t here this weekend. She’s to
Have you ever tried curling?

a
om
see her aunt and uncle.

em
2 Simon has to New York lots of times. by David Jones

izj
iva
He goes there for his work.
I’ve just had my first

ad
3 Tara loves swimming. She’s to the curling lesson!

gr
Curling is one of

ga
pool three times this week. Scotland’s favour-

te
ite winter sports. It

e
4 Sorry, but David isn’t here. He’s to

lik
is played on ice by

ob
the cinema. two teams of four

e
players. A rectangle

sk
5 I’ve to Romania but I haven’t 45 metres long and

n
ro
4 metres wide is

kt
to Croatia. marked on the ice

le
and at one end of the

ve
6 Our neighbours aren’t at home. Where have they rectangle there is a circle. The players have to send a large

ite
stone across the ice towards the circle. It weighs about 20 kg.

n
?

ra
The aim of the game is to get the stone as near the centre of

sh
2 Underline the right time word in these sentences. the circle as possible. If team A’s stones are nearer the centre
.
oz
If you aren‘t sure, look at page 124 in the Student’s than team B’s, team A wins. The players use special brushes
je

Book. / V vsaki od spodnjih povedi podčrtaj pravilno besedo. to sweep the ice in front of the stone to guide it and make it
an

go further. They wear special shoes and warm clothes.

isk

Če potrebuješ pomoč, poglej na stran 124 v učbeniku.

It’s very difficult to walk on the ice and I fell over several
t

times before I even touched a stone! My teacher, Kay, told

e,

1 I woke up several times (for / during) the night.

nj

me that this was normal. ‘Everyone thinks it’s an easy sport,’

ira

2 Our flight leaves at 10.30, so we’ll need to be at the she said. ‘But professional players need to practise for years
p

if they want to be really good.’

ko

airport (by / until) 9.30.

to

I was amazed when my first stone stopped next to the

3 We’re staying in Split (by / until) 12th July. Then we’re
fo

centre of the circle. Kay said it was beginner’s luck! Then I

je

going on to Dubrovnik. fell over again … and again. After half an hour on the ice,
sa

I was exhausted. Curling isn’t easy. I think I’ll just watch it

ru

4 Danny’s spending a week in Prague (for / during) the on TV in future!

i
av

summer holidays.
n
ro

5 I ordered the books yesterday, so they should get

ko

here (by / until) Thursday.

di

1 Curling is a popular sport in Scotland.

ra
za

6 My mother worked in the local hospital (for / during) 2 In a curling match there are four players
ov

ten years. on the ice.

n
ta

3 These sentences are wrong. Cross out the mistakes 3 The players stand in the circle and
us

send their stone cross the ice.

h

and correct them. / V spodnjih povedih so napake. Prečrtaj jih

i
ln

in jih popravi.
va

4 If all your team’s stones are near the

že

1 We’ve been here since three hours. centre of the circle, you’ll probably win.
ra
ob

2 Martha is a doctor for fifteen years. 5 Each player has two stones.
-iz
o

6 The players don’t wear ordinary trainers.

jn

3 Did you ever tried zorbing?

go

7 David Jones isn’t a professional player.

vz

4 How long do you know Sam?

ja

8 When David fell, Kay said she was amazed.

rt

5 He’s just fall asleep.

p
za

6 I’ve started learning English when I was four. 9 Kay is a member of Scotland’s
su

national team.
ča

7 How long you lived here?

V

10 David doesn’t intend to try curling again.

8 I haven’t never done a bungee jump.

Unit 8 65
 9 Get it right! 2 had to and didn’t have to 21b
Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the box with had
to or didn’t have to. / Dopolni povedi. Uporabi besede iz okvirja in

.
no
glagolsko obliko had to ali didn’t have to.

je
Step 1

l
vo
catch • see • cook • go • study • buy

do
a
om
21a, b
1 have to and don’t have to 1 Monday was a holiday, so we didn’t have to go to school.

em
izj
Katie and Nick are talking about their 2 I a new phone last week.

iva
weekend jobs. Complete the texts with have/

ad
has to and don’t/doesn’t have to. / Katie in Nick se My old one wasn’t working.

gr
pogovarjata o službah, ki ju opravljata ob koncu tedna.

ga
Dopolni besedilo s have/has to in don‘t/doesn‘t have to. 3 Mum last night because

te
nobody was hungry.

e
lik
KATIE

ob
4 The trains weren’t running on Sunday, so I

e
My dad’s a baker and I

sk
the bus.

n
have to

ro
1
help him in 5 Josh couldn’t come to the beach with us. He

kt
le
the shop at the weekend. I

ve
for his exams.

ite
2
wear 6 Hannah’s illness wasn’t serious. She

n
ra
any special clothes, but I 3

sh
a doctor.
.
oz
look tidy. A shop assistant 4
je

21b
3 don’t have to and mustn’t
an

be polite to customers and that isn’t always

isk

easy. But the worst thing is that I These sentences are wrong! Correct them using don’t/doesn’t
t

have to or mustn’t. / Spodnje povedi so napačne. Popravi jih tako, da

e,
nj

5
get up very early and uporabiš don’t/doesn’t have to ali mustn’t.
irap

I hate that! Mum says I’m lazy. She works as a 1 You have to steal things from other people.
ko
to

volunteer in the Oxfam charity shop. She mustn’t

fo
je

6
work there, but she 2 People have to touch the paintings in an art gallery.
sa
ru

enjoys doing it.

i
av n

3 A teacher has to wear a uniform.

ro
ko

NICK
di
ra

I’ve got a weekend job as 4 You have to put cheese in an omelette.

za
ov

a waiter at the Roseville

n
ta
us

Restaurant. We serve about 5 If you’ve got a computer, you have to write with a pen.
h
i

150 meals at lunchtime and

ln
va
že

we 7 be on our feet for 6 I have to be late for my job interview tomorrow.

ra
ob

about three hours. My friend Eddie works in

-iz

the kitchen. He 8 cook, 7 You have to talk to other students when you’re doing an
o
jn

exam.
go

but he has to cut up the vegetables and

vz
ja

make the salads. It’s nice when the customers

p rt

8 An actor has to be good at maths and science.

za

have left. We all sit down together for a late

su

lunch, and we 9 pay for

ča
V

the meal.

66 Module 5
 21b
4 have to, don’t have to and mustn’t
Match the sentences with the signs and complete the sentences. Use have to, don’t have to or mustn’t.
Poveži povedi z znaki in jih dopolni. Uporabi have to, don’t have to ali mustn’t.

.
no
a b
1 You mustn’t ride a bike on this road. b

je
l
vo
2 When people work here, they wear

do
a
goggles to protect their eyes.

om
em
3 We can go faster now. We drive at
c d

izj
forty kilometres an hour.

iva
ad
4 We be careful. We drive

gr
ga
too fast because there might be camels on the road.

te
e
lik
5 Reading Labels and adverts

ob
A B

e
A Where can you find these texts?

sk
Write the letters A–D. / Kje lahko vidiš

n
ro
ta besedila? Napiši črke od A do D.

kt
le
1 on a bottle in a chemist’s

ve
ite
2 in a national newspaper

n
ra
3 on an internet website
. sh
oz
4 in a local newspaper
je
an

C D
isk
t
e,
nj
ira
p
ko
to
fo
je
sa

B Read the sentences and write T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t in the text).
ru
i
av

Preberi povedi in k vsaki dopiši T (pravilno), F (napačno) ali ? (odgovora ni v besedilu).

n
ro

1 You mustn’t enter the short story competition if you’re older than eighteen.
ko
di

2 You don’t have to write your short story before the end of October.
ra
za

3 Electromart is going to close on 15th July.

ov

4 Customers don’t have to pay for a new TV or DVD player before they leave the shop.
n
ta
us

5 Adults have to take the tablets four times a day.

hi
ln

6 Young children mustn’t take these tablets.

va
že

7 You usually have to pay £12 for Best of Black Rainbow.

ra
ob

8 You have to get more information before you buy the CD.
-iz
o

9 You don’t have to pay for the CD with a credit card.

jn
go
vz
ja

6 Extension New signs

rtp

Use your imagination! In your notebook, draw two or three interesting new
za

signs for your school. Write sentences explaining what they mean. / Uporabi
su

domišljijo. V zvezek nariši dva do tri zanimive znake za svojo šolo. Napiši, kaj pomenijo.
ča
V

You mustn’t bring penguins into the classroom.

Unit 9 67
 Step 2

1 Vocabulary Illness and injuries 1 Mum’s really scared of snakes. She nearly when she saw
Read the sentences and complete the puzzle. one in our garden!
Preberi povedi in reši križanko.

.
no
2 Jack often feels if he travels by car. On a long journey we

l je
1

vo
F have to stop sometimes so that he can get out of the car.

do
2
I 3 Lisa’s her arm and she can’t move it at all. She fell when

a
om
3
R she was riding her horse on Sunday.

em
4

izj
S 4 We all cheered and shouted at the concert. I came home with a

iva
5
T throat!

ad
gr
6
A 5 Paul’s his knee. It isn’t a serious injury, but I don’t think

ga
7

te
I he’ll be able to go surfing tomorrow.

e
lik
8
D 6 Dad’s worked in the garden all day and now he’s got .

ob
e
7 The dentist worked on my teeth for nearly an hour. But he gave

sk
n
ro
me an , so it didn’t hurt.

kt
le
8 The music was incredibly loud at the club. I’ve got a now.

ve
ite
22a 3 Giving advice with

n
2 should/shouldn’t

ra
22b

sh
Complete the phone conversation between Jay and Ana. Use should/shouldn’t
should or shouldn’t with the verbs in the box. / Dopolni telefonski .
oz
Read the problems and give advice. Write a
je

pogovor med Jayem in Ano. Uporabi should ali shouldn’t in glagole iz okvirja. sentence with should or shouldn’t for each
an

problem. / Preberi opise težav in daj nasvet. Za

isk

work • feel • do • get • vsako težavo napiši poved s should ali shouldn’t.
t
e,

be • go • worry
nj

1 My girlfriend is angry because I forgot

ira
p

her birthday. What should I do?

ko

JAY: How about going for a walk?

to

You should
fo

ANA: I can’t, Jay. I have to work.

je
sa

JAY: But it’s a lovely afternoon. You

ru

shouldn’t be inside on a day

i
av

1
n

2 Our neighbours’ dog has disappeared!

ro

like this!
ko

What should they do?

di

ANA: I know, but I’ve got my English exam next week.

ra
za

JAY: You 2 . Your English is

ovn

excellent. You 3 confident

ta
us

about the exam.

hi

3 My brother gets very bad headaches.

ln

ANA: Well, I don’t feel confident. I feel tired.

va

What should he do?

že

JAY: That’s because you’re studying too much.

ra
ob

ANA: Well, what 4 I ?

o -iz

JAY: You 5 all the time. You

jn
go
vz

6
lots of exercise and lots of
ja

4 I can never remember words in English.

rt

fresh air. Exercise gives you energy.

p

What should I do?

za

ANA: So I 7 for a walk with you

su
ča

now, right?
V

JAY: Right.

68 Module 5
 4 Listening 5 Expressions Thanking people
What’s the problem? Complete the conversations. Choose from the list (a–h).
Dopolni pogovore. Izbiraj med ponujenimi rešitvami a–h.

.
A 20 Listen to five

no
conversations about health

je
a very kind of you e That’s

l
problems. Match the people’s

vo
b You’re welcome. f Never mind.

do
names with the problems
(a–g). / Poslušaj pet pogovorov o c Thanks g very much

a
om
zdravstvenih težavah. Poveži imena d I’m h problem

em
s težavami (a–g).

izj
1 Adam

iva
ad
2 Claire

gr
ga
3 Emma

te
e
4 Tom

lik
ob
5 Sally

e
sk
n
a broken leg

ro
kt
b sore throat

le
ve
c earache

n ite
d fainted

ra
sh
e headache A: You look really tired. I’ll make A: Would you like to sit down?
.
oz
je

f toothache you some tea. B: Oh, that’s 4 . Thank you 5 .

an
isk

g stomach ache B: 1 a lot. A: 6 .

t
e,

A: 2 OK. No 3 .
nj

B 20 Listen again and write

ira

the names from 4A. / Ponovno

p

Extension Odd one out

ko

poslušaj in dopolni z imeni iz naloge 4A. 6

to

Which is the odd one out? Give a reason for your answer.
fo

1 Who’s had an accident Poišči vsiljivca in razloži svojo izbiro.

je

recently?
sa

1 injection illness medicine tablets

ru
i
av

The others are things that you get from a doctor.

n

2 Who was going to perform

ro
ko

for a lot of people tonight? 2 sick fainted ill sore

di
ra
za

3 Who eats too quickly? 3 earache stomach head knee

ov
n
ta
us
h

4 Whose eyes were closed a 4 nurse dentist ambulance doctor

i
ln

few minutes ago?

va
že
ra

5 cold headache sore throat first-aid

ob

5 Who’s going to make a

-iz

phone call?
o
jn

6 broken hurt done move

go
vz
ja
rt

7 mobile ring answer call

p
za
su
ča
V

Unit 9 69
 Step 3

1 ‘Travel Smart’: vocabulary check 2 Translation

A Look at the words in the box and find two Translate these sentences into Slovenian.
adverbs. / Oglej si besede v okvirju in poišči dva prislova. Spodnje povedi prevedi v slovenščino.

.
no
Adverbs: 1 I must go now. I have to be at the station at eight

jel
o’clock. I mustn’t miss my train.

vo
do
accidentally • custom • funeral • noisily • thumb •

a
om
apologise • go away • lick • wedding • shake hands

em
izj
2 We didn’t have to wait long for the ambulance.
B These sentences are wrong! Cross out the

iva
mistakes and find the right word(s) in the box

ad
in 1A. / V spodnjih povedih so napake. Prečrtaj jih in

gr
nadomesti z besedami iz naloge 1A.

ga
te
3 A: You look really ill. I’ll call the doctor.

e
lik
B: Thanks very much. That’s very kind of you.

ob
e
sk n
ro
kt
4 A: I’ve got earache. It hurts!

le
ve
B: You shouldn‘t go out today. You should stay indoors.

ite
1 French men usually laugh when they meet.

n
ra
shake hands
sh.
oz
2 A birthday is always a sad occasion.
je

3 Word work Adverbs

an
isk

Complete the text. Use the adverbs and adjectives in the

box. / Dopolni besedilo s prislovi in pridevniki iz okvirja.
t

3 I intelligently touched the door when my

e,
nj

dad was painting it. He was really angry.

ira

serious • early • angrily • easily • long • suddenly •

p
ko

quickly • well
to

4 I was very sorry and I tried to sing to him,

fo

but he didn’t want to listen.

je
sa

Last year my friend and I had a holiday in Barcelona. Every

ru

long
i

day we went out for 1 walks to explore the city.

av

5 In my village we always dance in the street

n
ro

on December 21st. It’s an old crocodile. One morning we decided to go shopping. We got up
ko
di

2
and went to the city centre. We were
ra
za

6 Babies often put their leg in their mouth. walking down the street, with shopping bags in our hands,
ov
n

when a policeman 3 stopped us. He looked

ta
us

7 Jack, you’ve finished your soup. Don’t wash very 4

and we knew something was wrong,
h

your bowl. It isn’t polite.

i
ln

but we couldn’t understand him because we don’t speak

va
že

Spanish very 5 . When we didn’t answer

ra

8 I don’t want to talk to you. Please come here.

ob

his questions, he started shouting 6 . We

-iz
o

didn’t know what to do. Then a woman came over and, luckily,
jn
go

9 My cousin got married last Saturday and I

she spoke English. She explained that the policeman wanted
vz

went to the bathroom.

ja

to look in our bags because he thought we’d stolen some

prt
za

10 I couldn’t go to sleep because my two little clothes from a shop. When he realised we weren’t thieves, he
su
ča

sisters were playing quietly in their bedroom. apologised and we 7 walked away. Now I’ve
V

decided to take Spanish lessons so I’ll be able to communicate

more 8 next time I’m in Spain.
70 Module 5
 Extra reading

Proverbs and idioms 2 Vocabulary

Complete the sentences. Circle a, b or c.
Dopolni povedi. Obkroži a, b ali c.

.
no
je
1 They had to stop the tennis match because it

l
vo
do
was raining .

a
om
a lots b wet c hard

em
2 Be very careful. If you take too much of this

izj
iva
medicine, it can have serious .

ad
a choices b consequences c judgements

gr
ga
3 Oh, sorry! I’ve some coffee on the

te
e
tablecloth.

lik
1 Comprehension

ob
Read the text on page 101 in the Student’s a spell b spill c spilt

e
sk
Book again. Then look at these sentences. What 4 At first I thought Alan was unfriendly, but he’s

n
proverb or idiom (1–6) could you use to speak

ro
kt
to your friend in each of these situations? very nice when you to know him.

le
Ponovno preberi besedilo na strani 101 v učbeniku. Nato

ve
napiši številko pregovora ali idioma (1–6), ki bi ga lahko a get b have c start

ite
uporabil/-a v spodnjih situacijah.

n
5 My grandfather can’t walk very well now, so he

ra
a Yesterday your friend accidentally sat on his
sh
depends us for help with the shopping
.
oz
sunglasses and broke them. He’s still upset and
and cleaning.
je
an

keeps talking about it.

a on b to c from
isk

b Your friend needs to get work during the

t

6 That box looks interesting. I’m

e,

about it.
nj

summer holidays. He has applied for a job and

ira

What do you think is inside?

p

is really hoping he will get it. It’s the only job he

ko

a impatient b curious c clumsy

to

has applied for.

fo

7 Elise’s food is lovely, but she always a mess

je

c A new student in the class has an unusual

sa

when she’s cooking. It takes ages to clean up

ru

hairstyle and clothes. Your friend has

i
av

the kitchen!
n

decided that she’s strange and he doesn’t like

ro

a does b gets c makes

ko

her.
di

8 I always take a when I go shopping, so

ra

d Your friend wants to save up to buy a motorbike

za

I don’t need to use plastic bags.

ov

but he also likes spending money on clothes

n

a basket b pocket c suitcase

ta
us

and computer games.

hi
ln

e Your friend thinks you have probably written 3 Extra writing

va

Find at least two other English proverbs and

že

about him in your diary and he wants to

ra

translate them into Slovenian in your notebook.

ob

read it. Then explain in English what you think each

-iz

proverb means. If you can think of a Slovenian

f Your friend wants to go for a walk this
o

proverb that has a similar meaning, add that too.

jn
go

afternoon, but he shouldn’t go. The Poišči še najmanj dva angleška pregovora, prevedi ju v
vz

slovenščino in prevod zapiši v zvezek. Nato po angleško

ja

weather is terrible! razloži, kaj po tvojem mnenju pomenita. Če najdeš

rt

slovenski pregovor s podobnim pomenom, ga dopiši.

p
za
su
ča
V

Unit 9 71
 Revision

1 Choose the right words to complete the sentences. 3 Read the problems and give advice. Use the
Circle a, b or c. / Izberi pravilne besede, da dopolniš povedi. expressions in the box and write sentences with
Obkroži a, b ali c. should or shouldn’t. / Preberi opise težav in svetuj. Uporabi
izraze iz okvirja in napiši povedi s should ali shouldn’t.

.
no
1 Kevin his leg when he fell off a horse.

je
l
vo
a felt b broke c put study more • wear those shoes • see a doctor •

do
2 When you have an , your arm might hurt the go home now • go to bed so late • go on holiday •

a
om
next day. look for a different one

em
a ambulance b earache c injection

izj
3 I’ve my finger. The ball hit my hand when 1 A: My feet hurt.

iva
I was playing volleyball. B: You shouldn’t wear those shoes.

ad
gr
a broke b hurt c felt
2 A: It’s getting late.

ga
4 I often when I travel by ferry.

te
B:

e
a feel sick b faint c have an injection

lik
ob
5 I’ve just done a course. I know what to do 3 A: I sometimes feel tired during the day.

e
when someone faints.

sk
B:

n
a first-aid b medicine c doctor

ro
4 A: Ben really needs a break from work.

kt
6 I’ve got and it really hurts when I try to eat

le
B:

ve
something.

ite
a toothache b backache c headache 5 A: Molly hasn’t felt well recently.

n
ra
7 Julia won’t be able to sing at the concert. She’s B:
sh
got a throat. oz
.
6 A: I don’t like my job.
a hurt b sick c sore
je
an

B:
isk

2 Put the phrases in the correct group.

7 A: My sister thinks she's going to fail her exams.
t

Razvrsti izraze v ustrezne skupine.

e,
nj

B:
ira

get up early during the holidays.

p
ko

be late for school.

4 Underline the right word in each sentence.
to

talk loudly in the library.

fo

V vsaki povedi podčrtaj pravilno besedo.

go to school on Sundays.
je

be careful when you’re riding a bike.

sa

1 ‘Why are you so late?’ she asked (anxious / anxiously).

ru

use your mobile in class.

i
av

wear a school uniform in Slovenia. 2 If you accidentally walk into someone, you should
n
ro

get plenty of exercise. smile (polite / politely) and say ‘Sorry’.

ko

see a dentist if you’ve got toothache.

di

3 The weather was very (bad / badly) so we had to drive

ra
za

1 You must … (slow / slowly).

ov
n

4 Read the instructions (careful / carefully) before you

ta
us

answer the question.

hi
ln

5 Our team played really (good / well) and they won the
va
že

2 You mustn’t … championship.

ra
ob

6 My mum was (angry / angrily) because I came home

-iz
o
jn

late.
go
vz

7 It didn’t take us a long time to find your house. It was

ja

3 You don’t have to …

rt

(easy / easily).
p
za

get up early during the holidays. 8 They were driving too (quick / quickly) when they had
su
ča

an accident.
V

72 Module 5
 Extension

1 Label the picture with words for parts of the body. 3 Read the text about Central Park. Then read the
Poimenuj dele telesa. sentences and write T (true), F (false) or ? (the
answer isn’t in the text). / Preberi besedilo o Centralnem
parku. Nato preberi trditve in k vsaki dopiši T (pravilno), F

.
1

no
4 (napačno) ali ? (podatka ni v besedilu).

je
2

l
5

vo
do
3
Central Park
6

a
om
If you want to know more about how Americans

em
behave, you should go to Central Park in New York.
7

izj
That’s the place where New Yorkers go to meet, ‘hang

iva
out’ and have fun. They say that the 843-acre park

ad
8 is their own ‘front garden’, where they can relax and

gr
escape from the noise of one of the busiest cities in the

ga
world.

te
1 5

e
lik
There are lots of things to do there. You can play

ob
2 6 games, go jogging, cycling, horse-riding, ice skating or

e
rollerblading, or simply sunbathe on the grass. There

sk
3 7

n
are 58 miles of paths to explore and there’s even a

ro
4 8

kt
zoo. Outdoor concerts and plays take place regularly,

le
and if you get hungry, you should try one of the park’s

ve
2 Complete the text. Use the adjectives in the box or excellent restaurants. Central Park is famous all over the

ite
change them to adverbs. / Dopolni besedilo. Uporabi
world and around 40 million people visit it each year.

n
ra
pridevnike iz okvirja ali pa iz njih izpeljane prislove.

sh
However, the park hasn’t always been so popular. When
.
oz
anxious • easy • comfortable • confident • selfish • it opened in 1858, it was mainly rich people who used
je

impatient • annoyed • nice • slow • bright it. Expensive train fares and laws against picnics and ball
an

games meant that poor people didn’t go there. When

isk

these conditions changed, the park was very popular for

t

annoyed
e,

a while. But during the 1960s and 1970s it became dirty

nj
ira

I love my sister Fiona, but I get selfishly

1
with her and dangerous, so people stayed away.
p
ko

because she behaves very 2 at times. The other Then, in 1980, an organisation called the Central Park
to
fo

day she asked me to wait for her while she went to collect Conservancy took control. They improved the landscape,
je

repaired the old statues and monuments, planted trees

sa

a book from her drama college. ‘I’ll be back in five minutes,’ and added many new attractions. Today their work
ru

continues. It costs millions of dollars a year to look after

i
av

she said 3 . ‘Wait for me here.’

n

Central Park, but most people agree that it’s worth it.
ro

So I waited outside the college. Ten minutes

ko
di

4
passed, then twenty. After half an hour
ra

1 You mustn’t take bicycles into Central Park.

za

I was cold and I was also starting to feel 5

ov

2 There are animals in the park.

n

about Fiona. ‘Is something wrong?’ I wondered.

ta

3 It’s nearly sixty miles from one end of the

us

Finally, I went inside. At the end of the corridor a light

h

park to the other.

i
ln

was shining 6 from a doorway. And

va

4 You don’t have to leave the park if you want

že

there was Fiona. She was sitting 7 in an

ra

something to eat.
ob

armchair in the students’ common room, with some other

-iz

5 More tourists than New Yorkers use the

o

drama students.
jn
go

park.
vz

‘Hi, Dee’ she said. ‘We’ve just made some coffee. Come
6 You have to be rich to go to Central Park.
ja
rt

and have a cup.’

p

7 In the past, the park was never as popular

za

I didn’t answer, but turned and walked away. As I went

su

as it is today.
ča

back down the corridor, I heard Fiona say to the others,’ Dee’s
V

8 The Conservancy has to spend a lot of

8
really, but she gets upset too
money on the park.
9
. She shouldn’t be so 10  .‘
Unit 9 73
 1 We’re
10 A small
in aworld
band

.
no
je
Step 1

l
vo
do
a
om
1 Reading Living an international life

em
Read the text and look at the pictures. Then answer the questions. / Preberi besedilo in si oglej slike. Nato odgovori na vprašanja.

izj
iva
ad
France Korea

gr
ga
te
e
lik
ob
Colombia

e
sk
n
ro
Spain Germany Italy

kt
le
ve
Joanne has never been abroad, but While she is driving to work in her Joanne is a fashion designer. She makes

ite
she has a very international life! car, she listens to music on the radio. leather and cotton jackets and she sells

n
ra
Every morning for breakfast she If there is a song she knows, she them mainly in the UK and France. She

sh
drinks a cup of black coffee and eats usually sings along with the music. uses a computer for her design work
.
oz
some melon. and she advertises her jackets on the
je
an

internet.
isk
t

Cuba Russia India Ireland

e,

USA
nj
ira
p
ko
to
fo
je
sa
ru
i

Japan
av n
ro
ko

When she gets home after work, she On Saturday night, Joanne goes out After that, they have a meal out and
di

takes her dog for a walk and then with her friend Natasha. They go to Joanne’s boyfriend Sean usually
ra

cooks dinner. After that, she usually a salsa class together because they joins them. The curries at their local
za

relaxes in front of the TV. She’s a fan of both love the sound of Caribbean restaurant are delicious, so they
ov
n

Hollywood movies and has got a big music. often go there.

ta
us

collection of DVDs.
h i
ln
va
že

1 Where do people grow the fruit that Joanne has for breakfast? In Spain.
ra
ob

2 Where does her car radio come from?

-iz
o

3 What materials does Joanne use to make her clothes?

jn
go

4 Who are her best customers?

vz
ja

5 Which country produces her favourite films?

prt
za

6 Where was Natasha born?

su
ča

7 What nationality is Joanne’s boyfriend?

V

8 What type of food do they eat at the restaurant?

74 Module 5
 2 Vocabulary Materials
Complete the words for the materials. / Dopolni povedi z izrazi za materiale.

.
no
1 Windows and bottles are made of g . 6 Tables and shelves are often made of w .

l je
2 Shoes, belts and bags are often made of l . 7 G is a favourite material for wedding rings.

vo
do
3 C is a good material for T-shirts and socks. 8 ‘P money’ is another name for credit cards.

a
om
4 Expensive spoons and forks are sometimes made of 9 Cartons and packets are made of c .

em
izj
s . 10 W is a material that we use to make warm

iva
5 Bicycles and washing machines are made of m . clothes.

ad
gr
ga
4
3 something, anything, nothing 4 Expressions Expressing a reaction

te
e
A Complete the dialogue using someone, anyone or Write two possible replies for each conversation.

lik
Choose from the adjectives in the box. / K vsakemu

ob
no one. / Dopolni pogovor z besedami someone, anyone ali no
one. pogovoru napiši dva možna odgovora. Izberi pridevnike iz

e
sk
okvirja.

n
LILY: Hi, Tim. How are you? Have you had a good day?

ro
kt
incredible • great • expensive • awful • amazing •

le
TIM: Hi, Lily. Not bad, thanks.

ve
crazy • terrible • cheap • interesting • strange • nice

ite
LILY: Has 1 phoned?

n
ra
TIM: Yes. 2
phoned you about an 1 A: I got these three DVDs for £20 at the market.

sh
.
hour ago. oz
B: That’s great!
je

LILY: Who was it? That’s cheap!

an
isk

TIM: I’m not sure. It was 3 called Ana. 2 A: I’ve just read that almost three billion cinema
t
e,

tickets are sold in India every year!

nj

LILY: Ana? I know 4

called Hannah,
ira

B:
p

but I don’t know 5 called Ana.

ko
to

What did she want?

fo
je

TIM: She wanted 6 ’s mobile number. 3 A: Matthew’s got a fantastic leather jacket at
sa

home, but he never wears it.

ru

LILY: Did 7 from the office phone?

i
av

B:
TIM: No, 8 .
n
ro
ko

B Match questions 1–6 with answers a–f.

di

4 A: Every minute, people destroy about 2,000 trees

ra

Poveži vprašanja 1–6 z odgovori a–f.

in the world’s rainforests.
za
ov

1 Is this your mobile? B:

n
ta

2 Do you know anyone in Class 9?

us

3 Have you got anything for Jack’s party?

hi

4 Do you live anywhere near Mel? 5 A: Australia’s got lots of snakes, but there aren’t
ln
va

5 Who lives in the flat next door to you? any wild snakes in New Zealand.
že

6 Is Jasna in Slovenia at the moment?

ra

B:
ob

a No. I must buy some crisps and some fruit juice.

-iz

b I’m not sure. I think she’s somewhere in France.

o
jn

c Yes. Tom and Jenny. They live in my street.

go

5 Extension Presents
vz

d No one. It’s empty at the moment.

ja

e No. She lives in a flat near the station. Imagine you’re taking some presents to a family in
rt

England. What presents would you buy in Slovenia

p

f No. Someone left it at my party at the weekend.

za

for people in another country? Make a list in your

su

notebook. / Zamisli si, da družini v Anglijo neseš nekaj daril.

1 f 2 3 4 5 6
ča

Katera darila iz Slovenije bi podaril/-a ljudem iz druge države?

V

V zvezek napiši seznam.

Unit 10 75
 Step 2 U10/S2/E1 U10/S2/E1

3
1 Reflexive pronouns
A Match sentences 1–6 with pictures A–F. Then complete the sentences using myself,
yourself, etc. with the right form of the verbs. Povedi 1–6 poveži s slikami A–F. Nato jih dopolni

.
no
s povratnimi zaimki myself, yourself itd. in z glagolom v pravilni obliki.

jel
vo
do
help • talk to • hurt • enjoy • burn • teach

a
om
U10/S2/E1
U10/S2/E1

em
A B C

izj
iva
ad
gr
ga
te
e
lik
ob
e
n sk
ro
kt
D E F

le
ve
ite
n
ra
.sh
oz
je
an
tisk
e,
nj
ira
p

1 E Lizzie is studying. She’s teaching herself French.

ko
to

2 Don’t touch that pan! It’s very hot. You’ll .

fo
je

3 I had a great time at Dino’s party last night. I really .

sa
ru

4 Are you all right? Have you ?

i
avn

5 Mrs Hill lives alone. She often .

ro
ko

6 It’s a buffet, so the two boys are .

di
ra
za

B Complete the sentences using myself, yourself, himself, etc.

ov

Dopolni povedi s povratnimi zaimki myself, yourself, himself itd.

n
ta
us

1 A: Who made this curry for you?

h
i

made it myself
ln

B: No one. I .
va
že

2 A: Who helped your brother to mend his motorbike?

ra
ob

B: No one. He .
-iz
o

3 Wow! You’ve got your own website. Did you ?

jn
go

4 Listen, children. I’m not going to make your beds. You must .
vz
ja

5 A: Who cut Valentina’s hair? It looks awful.

prt
za

B: She .
su

6 A: Did anyone help the students to organise the concert?

ča
V

B: No, they .

76 Module 5
 2 Expressions Saying goodbye
What would you say to these people? Complete the sentences. / Kaj bi rekel/rekla tem ljudem? Dopolni povedi.

.
no
1 You’ve stayed at a friend’s house for three days and now you’re leaving.

je
Thanks for having me.

l
vo
do
2 You’ve just had a fabulous meal at a friend’s house and now you’re leaving.

a
om
Thanks meal.

em
izj
3 Your uncle’s going home. He’s getting on the train.

iva
journey.

ad
gr
4 You’re leaving your friend’s house after a party. You’ve really enjoyed it.

ga
te
Goodbye, Max. It was a fantastic party. time.

e
lik
5 Your boyfriend/girlfriend is going away. You won’t see him/her for three months.

ob
e
you.

nsk
ro
6 Your friend’s going to live abroad. You want to get lots of emails and text messages from him.

kt
le
in .

ve
ite
n
3 Listening Leaving Africa

ra
sh
21 Molly, an English girl, has spent a month in
.
oz
a village in East Africa. She’s saying goodbye to
je

Duncan, a teacher at the village school. Listen to the

an

dialogue and circle the right answer: a, b or c. / Molly,

isk

dekle iz Anglije, je preživela mesec dni v vasi v vzhodni Afriki.

t

Poslavlja se od Duncana, učitelja v vaški šoli. Poslušaj pogovor

e,
nj

in obkroži pravilen odgovor: a, b ali c.

ira
p

1 Today Molly
ko
to

a has just arrived in the village. 4 Extension Time to talk

fo

b is going back to England.

je

A It’s the last day of the school term. Sally is having

c is leaving London.
sa

a conversation with a friend. Read what she says.

ru

2 Molly Zadnji dan pouka je. Sally se pogovarja s prijateljem. Preberi,

i
av

kaj pravi.
a can stay for another month.
n
ro

b has decided to stay for another month.

ko

SALLY:
c would like to stay for another month.
di

• Have you got any plans for the holidays?

ra

• What else will you do?

za

3 During her month in the village

ov

a Molly has given Duncan English lessons. • What would you do if you could choose?
n

b Molly has given the children English lessons. • Are you going to get a holiday job?
ta
us

c Molly wasn’t a very good teacher. • Right. We must keep in touch. What’s your email
h

address?
i
ln

4 Molly’s flight is
va

a at eight o’clock.
že

22 Now listen to the conversation.

ra

b at three o’clock. Poslušaj pogovor.

ob

c at half past one.

-iz
o

5 At the airport, Molly

jn

B Read Sally’s sentences again. Then imagine she is

go

a is going to buy some presents for her family. talking to you. Think about the answers you want to
vz

b is going to send lots of emails. make. / Ponovno preberi Sallyjine izjave. Predstavljaj si, da
ja

c won’t have time to buy any souvenirs. govori s tabo. Kako bi ji odgovoril/-a?
rtp
za

6 The children in the village C 23 Close your book, listen to the sentences and
su

a all speak English as a first language. respond. / Zapri delovni zvezek, poslušaj in odgovori.
ča

b are learning English.

V

c haven’t enjoyed Molly’s lessons.

Unit 10 77
 Step 3

1 ‘Keeping in touch’: vocabulary check 10 A bird’s body is covered in .

A Two of the words in the box begin with a Latin The strongest ones on their wings and tail are
word meaning ‘across’. Can you find them?

.
no
Dve besedi v okvirju se začneta z latinskim izrazom, ki pomeni very important for flying.

je
‘čez’. Ju najdeš?

l
vo
2 Translation

do
a
Translate these sentences into Slovenian.

om
transformed • knowledge • feathers • sticks • berries • Spodnje povedi prevedi v slovenščino.

em
transatlantic • signal • entertainment • realised • instantly

izj
1 Has anyone seen my ring? It’s made of gold. I can’t

iva
find it anywhere.

ad
B Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box

gr
in 1A. / Dopolni povedi. Uporabi besede iz naloge 1A.

ga
te
e
lik
2 A: We haven’t had anything to eat since breakfast time.

ob
B: There are some biscuits on the table. Help

e
yourselves.

sk
n
ro
kt
le
ve
ite
1 We used dry to start the

n
ra
3 A: Goodbye! Thanks for having me.

sh
fire and then added larger pieces of wood later.
B: We’ll miss you. Please keep in touch.
.
oz
2 I didn’t have to wait for David’s answer. He was
je
an

expecting my message and replied

isk
t

.
e,
nj
ira

3 Sophie’s of Greek and

4 Turn off your computer and unplug it before you
p
ko

Roman history helped her to get the job at the go away.

to
fo

museum.
je
sa

4 The cinema is a very popular form of

ru
i

.
av

3 Word work Communication technology

n
ro

5 After the flowers have gone, these bushes

ko

Underline the right word in these sentences.

di

produce , which are little V spodnjih povedih podčrtaj prave besede.

ra
za

round red fruit. 1 (Smartphones / Laptops) are brilliant because they

ov
n

6 Two pilots made the first can do many of the things that a computer can do.
ta
us

flight when they flew from Canada to Ireland in 2 Would you do the hoovering in the hall? You can
h
i
ln

1919. plug (in / on) the machine over there at the wall.
va
že

7 Oh, no! I’ll have to go back to the shop. I’ve just 3 I’ve got a new (touchscreen / app) which makes it
ra
ob

that I left my glasses there. easier to create animations on my phone.

-iz
o

8 In some parts of the countryside you can’t use 4 Don’t forget to (turn / plug) off the light in the living
jn
go

a mobile phone because there isn’t a strong room before you go to bed.
vz
ja

enough from the satellite. 5 You can (unplug / download) this program to your
prt
za

9 Things were very different before the invention of computer from the company’s website.
su
ča

computers. They have our 6 A light will appear on the front of your DVD player
V

lives. when you turn it (on / in).

78 Module 5
 Extra reading

A worldwide celebration 2 Vocabulary

Use words from the text to complete the crossword.
Uporabi besede iz besedila in reši križanko.

.
no
je
Across

l
vo
1 an expensive type of glass

do
5 the opposite of ‘war’

a
om
6 the Earth, the world (seen as a round ball)

em
7 to come together in a certain place to form a

izj
group of people

iva
8 at the present time (in contrast with the past)

ad
gr
Down

ga
1 to do something special to show that a day

te
1 Comprehension is important

e
lik
Read the text on page 109 in the Student’s Book 2 to shout loudly to show you like something

ob
again. Then look at these sentences. Choose the 3 a set of pages showing the days, weeks and

e
best answer and underline it. / Ponovno preberi

sk
months of the year
besedilo na strani 109 v učbeniku. Nato preberi spodnje

n
4 things that people like watching because they

ro
povedi. Izberi najustreznejše nadaljevanje vsake povedi in

kt
ga podčrtaj. explode in brilliant colours

le
ve
1 The text is about

ite
1 2
a different festivals in countries around the world. C C

n
ra
b what happens in different places at midnight

sh
on 31st December.
.
oz
c how people celebrate New Year in different 3
C
je
an

parts of the world. 4 5

isk

F P
2 Many people in … have their New Year’s
t
e,

6
celebrations in March. G
nj
ira

a China
p

b Southeast Asia
ko
to

c Scotland 7
G
fo

3 In the UK, 1st January

je
sa

a hasn’t always been the first day of the new year.

ru

8
b marked the beginning of spring before 1752. N
i
av

c is called New Year’s Eve.

n
ro
ko

4 People in American Samoa

di

a live on the east side of the International Date

ra

Line.
za
ov

b have the world’s earliest New Year

n

celebrations.
ta
us

c celebrate New Year on 2nd January.

3 Extra writing
h i
ln

5 At New Year in London lots of people Write about a celebration that you enjoyed. It might
va

a go on the river in boats. be a national day or a celebration for your family

že

b light fireworks. or friends (for example, a birthday, a wedding, an

ra
ob

c sing Auld Lang Syne. anniversary). / Opiši slavje, ki si se ga udeležil/-a. Izbereš si

-iz

lahko državni praznik ali praznovanje z družino ali prijatelji

o

6 In Times Square (na primer rojstni dan, poroka, obletnica …). Pomagaj si s
jn

spodnjimi vprašanji.
go

a a billion people have a party for New Year.

vz

b cameras record the celebrations. • What was the occasion and when was it?
ja

c people watch a spectacular ball game.

rt

• Where were you?

p
za

• Who else was there?

su

• What did you do?

ča

• What did you enjoy most?

V

Unit 10 79
 Revision

1 Put the letters in the right order and make six 3 Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the box with
words. Can you make the secret word? / Postavi reflexive pronouns. / Dopolni povedi. Uporabi besede iz okvirja in
črke v pravilen vrstni red in zapiši besede. Ali uganeš povratne zaimke.

.
no
skrito besedo?

je
cooked • take • hurt • cut • looked • do • enjoyed

l
vo
9 4
SLVIRE S I L V E R

do
1 If you aren’t careful with that knife, you’ll cut yourself .

a
2 5
REELATH

om
em
3 2 The festival was fun. We really
NOOTTC

izj
 .

iva
1
MAELT

ad
3 Both players when

gr
7
SASGL

ga
they crashed into each other during the hockey match.

te
8 6
SALCIPT 4 No one helped Zoe with the meal. She

e
lik
ob
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 everything  .
Answer: E S

e
sk
5 When I at in the

n
ro
mirror, I saw that my face was dirty.

kt
2 There are mistakes in these sentences. Cross

le
out the mistakes and correct them. / V spodnjih 6 Don’t worry about Steve. He can care

ve
povedih so napake. Prečrtaj jih in jih popravi.

ite
of  .

n
ra
1 Someone left this box at our front door, but

sh
7 I haven’t got time to help with the cleaning. You and Alex
there’s no one inside it.
.
oz
nothing will have to it  .
je
an
isk

2 A: What did you have for lunch? 4 Complete the dialogues with That’s + adjective.
U10/R/E4
t

B: Nothing! I’m starving. I’m going to get

e,

Dopolni pogovore. Uporabi That’s + pridevnik.

nj

anything to eat now.

irap
ko
to

3 I think someone has taken my umbrella.

fo

I can’t find it nowhere.

je
sa
rui
av

4 We knew that Eva’s house was anywhere

n
ro

near the river, but no one had her exact

ko

address. 1 A: Look, I’ve just bought this necklace. It only cost £6.
di
ra

B: That’s cheap!
za
ov

5 A: Is there anyone in the boat? 2 A: The fire completely destroyed our neighbours’ house.
n
ta

B: I don’t think so. I can’t see someone.

us

B: !
h i
ln

3 A: I’ve just read that a blue whale’s heart weighs around

va

6 A: Who gave you the money for those

že

concert tickets? 450 kilograms.

ra
ob

B: Nowhere. I won them in a competition. B: Wow! !

-iz

I didn’t have to pay anything.

o

4 A: I got 95% in my English test.

jn
go

B: !
vz
ja

7 I’m sorry, I’d like to help you, but there's 5 A: I really want to do a bungee jump.
rt

anything I can do.

p
za

B: ! Don’t you
su

know bungee jumping is dangerous?

ča
V

A: Not if you’re careful.

80 Module 5
 Extension

1 In your notebook make a list of things made from these 4 Read the text and then answer the questions.
materials. How many can you think of? / Sestavi seznam Preberi besedilo in odgovori na vprašanja.
stvari, ki so narejene iz teh materialov. Koliko se jih spomniš?
plastic – credit card, Mardi Gras

.
no
je
1 plastic 5 wood People in many parts of the world celebrate Mardi Gras. The

l
vo
2 cotton 6 glass name means ‘Fat Tuesday’ in French. Traditionally, this is the

do
3 metal 7 cardboard last day of carnival festivities before Ash Wednesday, when

a
om
4 leather 8 wool Catholics have to stop eating certain things for the weeks

em
before Easter. Today Mardi Gras often refers to the whole

izj
2 Complete the sentences with a, some, any or no. carnival period, which lasts for several days or weeks. People

iva
Dopolni povedi. Uporabi a, some, any ali no. say it is ‘the biggest free show on Earth’ and it provides

ad
wonderful entertainment for both children and adults.

gr
1 I’ve put tomatoes on the table and there’s

ga
There are Mardi Gras celebrations in many places, but
cheese in the fridge.

te
one of the most popular is in New Orleans, in Louisiana,

e
lik
2 There are good shops in Bridgetown. We USA. Starting in January, it is a whole season of parties

ob
always go shopping in Newbury. and parades, with its biggest celebrations taking place

e
sk
in the two weeks before Ash Wednesday. During this

n
3 Sorry, you can’t have bath. There isn’t time the whole city stops for one huge party. Tens

ro
kt
hot water. of thousands of people fill the streets and there are

le
hundreds of parades, with lots of music (especially jazz).

ve
4 I didn’t make chips because I didn’t want

ite
Each parade has a king and queen, and people dress in

n
big meal. colourful costumes in the Mardi Gras colours of purple,

ra
sh
green and gold. People in the parades throw special
5 We’ll have to order pizzas for dinner
.
oz
Mardi Gras coins, toys and necklaces to the crowds. After
je

tonight. There’s food at home. each parade there is a big party, called a ball. People
an

wear masks and they dance all night. There are always
isk

6 I’d like to hear good music. Are there lots of fireworks too.
t
e,

interesting songs on this album?

nj

A favourite tradition of the New Orleans Mardi Gras

ira

is the King Cake, a special cake in the Mardi Gras

p

3 Complete the verbs in these sentences. Use the words in the

ko

box. / Dopolni glagole v spodnjih povedih. Uporabi besede iz okvirja. colours. There are many different kinds, and people eat
to

thousands of them!
fo
je

on • off • up • down • in • out • round • away

sa

1 What does Mardi Gras mean?

ru
i
av

1 They sat at the table and looked at the

n
ro
ko

menu. 2 Why is it called Mardi Gras?

di
ra

2 No wonder your lamp isn’t working. You haven’t

za

plugged it . 3 When does the carnival begin in New Orleans?

nov
ta

3 Quick! Turn the television. The film’s

us
h

starting now. 4 When does it finish?

i
ln
va

4 I won’t be home this evening. I’m going

že
ra

with some friends. 5 What do people wear?

ob
-iz

5 Please go ! You’re annoying me.

o
jn

6 Lee’s family moved to Italy when he was a baby, so he 6 What kind of music is the most popular?
go
vz

grew in Bologna.
ja
rt

7 I got the bus in King Street. From there it 7 If you’re in the crowd, what might someone give you?
p
za
su

was only a short walk to the museum.

ča

8 We went into town and looked the shops, 8 What colours can you see on King Cakes?
V

but we didn’t buy anything.

Unit 10 81
 Grammar notes
Personal pronouns
NOUNS AND PRONOUNS Osebni zaimki
SAMOSTALNIKI IN ZAIMKI
2

.
no
l je
vo
Singular and plural nouns, countable and Subject pronouns Object pronouns

do
uncountable nouns Osebni zaimki v vlogi osebka Osebni zaimki v vlogi predmeta

a
om
Samostalniki v ednini in množini, števni in neštevni

em
samostalniki I jaz me mene/me

izj
you ti you tebe/te

iva
1a

ad
Nouns can be singular: he on him njega/ga

gr
Samostalniki imajo lahko edninsko obliko:

ga
she ona her njo/jo

te
Charlie lives in a flat in London.

e
The Titanic hit an iceberg. it ono it njega/ga, njo/jo

lik
ob
or plural: mi, me,
we us nas, naju

e
ali množinsko obliko: midva, midve

sk
n
The shops in Oxford Street are famous.

ro
vi, ve,

kt
Sharks have got very sharp teeth. you you vas, vaju
vidva, vidve

le
ve
Some nouns only have a plural form. oni, one,

ite
Nekateri samostalniki imajo samo množinsko obliko. they them njih/jih, njiju/ju

n
onadva, onidve

ra
Your jeans are dirty. Put them in the washing machine.

sh
I can’t find the scissors. Where are they?
.
oz
Possessive pronouns
je

Svojilni zaimki (dolge oblike)

an

1b
isk

Nouns can be countable:

t

mine moj
e,

Samostalniki so lahko števni:

nj

yours tvoj
ira

Where did you park the car?

p

Can I have an apple?

ko

his njegov
to

Are there any skyscrapers in your town?

fo

How many people are there in your class? hers njen

je

or uncountable:
sa

–*
ru

ali neštevni:
i

ours naš, najin

av

Would you like some bread?

n
ro

Have we got any spaghetti? yours vaš, vajin

ko
di

Some nouns can be countable or uncountable, for theirs njihov, njun

ra

example ice cream, chicken, yoghurt.

za

Nekateri samostalniki so lahko števni ali neštevni, na primer *There isn’t a possessive pronoun for it.
ov
n

ice cream, chicken, yoghurt. *Zaimek it nima ustrezne dolge oblike svojilnega zaimka.
ta
us

There’s a chicken in the garden. (countable, singular)

We use pronouns in place of nouns.
h

How many chickens have you got? (countable, plural)

i
ln

Z zaimki nadomestimo samostalnik.

Chicken is one of my favourite foods. (uncountable)
va

Paris is the capital of France. It’s a beautiful city. (It = Paris)

že

There’s a yoghurt in my lunchbox. (countable, singular)

ra

Selma is in Class 9. Do you know her? (her = Selma)

ob

There are three yoghurts in the fridge. (countable, plural) My birthday is in May. When is yours? (yours = your birthday)
-iz

Yoghurt is good for you. (uncountable)

o
jn
go
vz
ja
rt
p
za
su
ča
V

82 Grammar notes
 Reflexive pronouns 4b
Povratni osebni zaimki
We use someone, something, somewhere in affirmative
sentences and in polite requests, offers and suggestions.
3a

.
no
Someone, something, somewhere uporabljamo v trdilnih povedih in

je
vljudnih prošnjah, ponudbah in predlogih.

l
vo
Singular Plural Someone has broken the window.

do
Ednina Množina Can you buy something for Ana’s birthday?

a
om
Would you like something to eat?

em
I myself we ourselves Shall we go somewhere in Italy next summer?

izj
iva
you yourself you yourselves We use anyone, anything, anywhere in negative

ad
sentences and in questions.

gr
Anyone, anything, anywhere uporabljamo v nikalnih povedih in
he himself

ga
vprašanjih.

te
It’s very dark. I can’t see anything.

e
she herself they themselves

lik
I can’t find my goggles anywhere.

ob
it itself Do you know anyone at the karate club?

e
sk
n
We use no one, nothing, nowhere with a verb in the

ro
3b affirmative form.

kt
le
No one, nothing, nowhere uporabljamo z glagolom v trdilni obliki.
We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the

ve
object are the same. We can’t open the door. No one has got a key.

ite
Povratne osebne zaimke uporabljamo, kadar je osebek stavka enak There’s nothing good on TV tonight.

n
ra
predmetu.

sh
A: Where’s Callum?
David cut himself. (NOT David cut him.)
.
oz
B: He’s nowhere in the house. Perhaps he’s in the garden.
The cat fell out of the tree and hurt itself.
je
an

It was a good party. We really enjoyed ourselves.

4c
isk

If you and Annie want more soup, help yourselves.

t

After someone we use they, their, them.

e,
nj

Zaimek someone se veže z they, their, them.

3c
ira

Someone phoned you, but I didn’t know them and they didn’t
p

We can use reflexive pronouns to say that someone does

ko

something without any help. give their name.

to

(they = he or she; their = his or her; them = him or her)

fo

S povratnimi osebnimi zaimki povemo tudi, da kdo kaj naredi sam.

je

My brother Terry loves cooking. He makes all our bread

sa

himself.
ru
i

My grandparents built their house themselves.

av n
ro
ko
di

Indefinite pronouns: someone, something

ra

(and the adverb somewhere)

za
ov

Nedoločni zaimki: someone, something (in prislov somewhere)

n
ta
us

4a
h i
ln
va

People someone anyone no one

že
ra

Things something anything nothing

ob
-iz
o

Places somewhere anywhere nowhere

jn
go
vz
ja
rtp
za
su
ča
V

Grammar notes 83
 5c
ARTICLES AND EXPRESSIONS We use the:
OF QUANTITY Člen the uporabljamo:
ČLENI IN KOLIČINSKI IZRAZI
• with superlatives,

.
no
s presežniki;

je
l
vo
a, an, the Luka is the tallest person in the class.

do
• with parts of the day,

a
om
5a s poimenovanji za dele dneva;

em
The is the definite article and is used with singular and in the morning/afternoon/evening

izj
plural nouns, and with uncountable nouns. BUT at night

iva
The je določni člen. Uporablja se s samostalniki v ednini in množini

ad
ter z neštevnimi samostalniki. • with words for geographical position and place,

gr
s poimenovanji za geografsko lego in z imeni krajev;
the boy the girl the boys the girls the butter

ga
in the north

te
A or an is the indefinite article and is used with singular in the southwest

e
lik
nouns. We use a before a noun that begins with a consonant on the left/right

ob
sound and an before a noun that begins with a vowel sound.

e
A oziroma an je nedoločni člen. Uporablja se s samostalniki v • with the names of rivers, oceans, groups of mountains

sk
and islands,

n
množini. A uporabljamo pred samostalniki, ki se začnejo na

ro
soglasnik, an pa pred tistimi, ki se začnejo na samoglasnik. z imeni rek, oceanov, gorovij in otočij,

kt
le
a lion a university an elephant an hour the Amazon

ve
the Pacific

ite
We use the when we’re talking about a particular thing the Alps

n
ra
or person. We use a/an when we aren’t saying exactly the Maldives

sh
which thing, which person.
.
but not with most lakes and individual mountains and
The uporabljamo, kadar omenjamo določeno stvar ali osebo, a/an
oz
islands,
je

pa, kadar govorimo o nedoločeni stvari ali osebi.

an

vendar pa ne z imeni večine jezer ter samostojnih gora in otokov;

BEN: There’s a man at the door.
isk

(We don’t know which man. But we know which door – Lake Victoria
t
e,

the door of Ben’s house.) Mount Everest

nj

Saint Lucia
ira

MUM: What does the man want?

p

(We know which man – he’s the man that Ben can see.)
ko

• with the names of a few countries,

to

z imeni nekaterih držav,

fo

5b the United Kingdom

je
sa

We use a/an: the United States

ru

Člen a/an uporabljamo: the Central African Republic

i
av

• before jobs, occupations and religions, but not with the names of continents and most
n
ro

pred poimenovanji poklicev in verstev; countries.

ko

My father’s an engineer. vendar pa ne z imeni celin in večine držav.

di
ra

I’m a student. Africa Europe Slovenia Britain

za

She’s a Buddhist.
ov

5d
n

• in exclamations with What …!,

ta

We don’t use the:

us

v vzklikih z besedo What …!;

h

Člena the ne uporabljamo:

What a pity!
i
ln

• when we’re talking about something in general,

va

What an interesting story!

že

kadar govorimo o čem na splošno;

ra

• when we mean every or per. I love listening to music.

ob

v pomenu every ozirma per.

-iz

Bears eat fish.

once a day
o
jn

three times a month • before the names of meals,

go

pred poimenovanji za obroke;

vz

two days a week

We had breakfast, lunch and dinner at the hotel.
ja

€5 a kilo
rt
p

• before the names of school subjects and languages,

za

Be careful! We don’t use a/an with uncountable nouns. pred poimenovanji za šolske predmete in jezike;
su

We use some.
ča

Pazi! Z neštevnimi samostalniki ne uporabljamo a/an, pač pa some. At school I like maths and chemistry.
V

We need some bread and some cheese. Do you speak French?

84 Grammar notes
 • before some time expressions with next and last, But we use some in questions
pred nekaterimi časovnimi izrazi z next in last; Vendar pa some uporabljamo v vprašanjih:
next week last year • when we make an offer or ask for something.
next term (school) last Sunday kadar kaj ponudimo ali za kaj prosimo.

.
no
• with these phrases: A: Would you like some coffee?

je
B: Yes, please. Could I have some sugar in it?

l
vo
s spodnjimi izrazi:

do
Sam wasn’t at work yesterday. He was at home. He went to • when we expect the answer Yes,

a
bed and he stayed in bed all day. He didn’t go to work. kadar pričakujemo pritrdilen odgovor;

om
em
• before church, hospital, school, college, university, prison Mike looks upset. Has he had some bad news?

izj
in sentences like these:

iva
pred besedami church, hospital, school, college, university, prison, 6c

ad
kadar so uporabljene v povedih, kakršne so spodnje:
We can use some and any without a noun.

gr
Nikki has gone to hospital. (She’s ill. She’s a patient.) Some in any lahko stojita tudi samostojno, brez samostalnika.

ga
Dino isn’t here, I’m afraid. He’s at school. (He’s a student

te
A: Are there any tomatoes?

e
there.) B: Yes, there are some in the fridge.

lik
Boris is in prison. (He’s a prisoner.)

ob
A: And what about onions?

e
but we use the when we’re talking about a particular B: No, there aren’t any.

sk
hospital, a particular school, etc.

n
ro
vendar pa uporabimo the, kadar govorimo o določeni bolnišnici,
6d

kt
šoli itd.;

le
We can use no + noun with an affirmative verb instead of

ve
Nikki’s mother has gone to the hospital to see her. (Nikki’s any + noun with a negative verb.

ite
mother is visiting the hospital where Nikki is.) Namesto zveze any + samostalnik, ki ji sledi glagol v nikalni obliki,

n
ra
My sister teaches at the school in the village. lahko uporabimo no + samostalnik in glagol v trdilni obliki.

sh
Selma works at the prison in Radford. She’s a cook. There are no tickets for Saturday. = There aren’t any tickets for
.
oz
• after by with the names of forms of transport, Saturday.
je
an

za predlogom by v povezavi s poimenovanji za prevozna sredstva; I’ve got no money. = I haven’t got any money.
isk

I like travelling by train.

t

a lot of / lots of, much and many

e,

Monica doesn’t want to go by boat.

nj
ira

but we use the (or a) in sentences like these:

p

7a
ko

vendar pa uporabimo the (ali a) v stavkih, kot sta:

to

I’m going to eat my lunch on the train. We use a lot of or lots of:
fo

Izraza a lot of in lots of uporabljamo:

Monica usually feels sick when she goes on a boat.
je

• with countable nouns to describe a large number,

sa
ru

s števnimi samostalniki, kadar izražamo veliko število česa;

some, any and no
i
av

A lot of / Lots of people came to the concert.

n
ro

6a • with uncountable nouns to describe a large amount.

ko

z neštevnimi samostalniki, kadar izražamo veliko količino česa.

di

We use some and any when we talk about an indefinite

ra

quantity or number. Some and any are used with There’s a lot of / lots of cheese in the fridge.
za

uncountable nouns and plural nouns.

ov

Some in any uporabljamo, kadar govorimo o nedoločeni količini ali

We generally use a lot of /lots of in affirmative sentences.
n

But we can use them in negative sentences and

ta

številu. Uporabljata se z neštevnimi samostalniki in samostalniki v

questions too.
us

množini.
h

Izraza a lot of in lots of navadno uporabljamo v trdilnih povedih,

i
ln

Let’s listen to some music. lahko pa ju uporabljamo tudi v nikalnih in vprašalnih povedih.
va

Is there any salt?

že

I’m going sailing, but there isn’t a lot of wind.

ra

We haven’t got any biscuits, and we must buy some potatoes. Have you got lots of friends?
ob
-iz

6b
o
jn

We usually use some in affirmative sentences and any in

go

negative sentences and questions.

vz
ja

Some navadno uporabljamo v trdilnih povedih, any pa v nikalnih in

rt

vprašalnih povedih.
p
za

I need some information.

su

There isn’t any ketchup in my burger.

ča

Have you been to any concerts recently?

V

Grammar notes 85
 7b
We use much with uncountable nouns to describe an
VERBS
GLAGOLI
amount of something.
Much uporabljamo z neštevnimi samostalniki, kadar opisujemo

.
no
količino nečesa.

je
Present simple

l
How much pasta do you want?

vo
do
That’s good. There isn’t much traffic this morning.

a
9a

om
We use many with plural nouns to describe a number of

em
things or people.
Affirmative and negative

izj
Many uporabljamo s samostalniki v množini, kadar opisujemo število

iva
ljudi ali stvari. Trdilna in nikalna oblika

ad
Do you know many English people?

gr
I
The town isn’t very interesting. There aren’t many places to

ga
You drink milk.

te
visit. We don’t drink milk.

e
lik
They
We generally use much and many in questions and

ob
negative sentences. But we sometimes use many in

e
sk
affirmative sentences. He
drinks milk.

n
She

ro
Much in many navadno uporabljamo v vprašalnih in nikalnih povedih.
doesn’t drink milk.

kt
Many pa včasih uporabljamo tudi v trdilnih povedih. It

le
ve
Many people think that tennis is a boring game.

ite
Questions and short answers

n
too much, too many and enough

ra
Vprašanja in kratki odgovori

sh
.
oz
8a I
je

you
an

We use too much with uncountable nouns (salt, noise, Do

isk

money, etc.). we
t

Too much uporabljamo z neštevnimi samostalniki (salt, noise, money they

e,

itd.). drink milk?

nj
ira

Ugh! This soup is awful. There’s too much salt. he

p
ko

Does she
to

We use too many with countable nouns (tourists, cars, it

fo

people, etc.).
je

Too many uporabljamo s števnimi samostalniki (tourists, cars, people

sa

Yes, I do.
ru

itd.).
No, she doesn’t. (etc.)
i
av

I don’t go to that beach in summer. There are too many

n
ro

tourists.
ko

In the affirmative third person singular (he/she/it), we

normally add -s (he drinks). But:
di

8b
ra

Glagolom v tretji osebi ednine (he/she/it) v trdilni obliki dodamo -s

za

We use enough with countable and uncountable nouns. (he drinks). Toda:
ov

Enough uporabljamo s števnimi in neštevnimi samostalniki. • if a verb ends in -ch, -sh, -ss or -o, we add -es,
n
ta

Have you got enough bread, or do you want another piece? če se glagol konča na -ch, -sh, -ss ali -o, dodamo -es;
us
h

A: There are 20 students in the class. watch – he watches

i
ln

finish – it finishes
va

B: We haven’t got enough books. We’ve only got 15.

že

cross – he crosses
ra

go – she goes
ob
-iz

• if a verb ends in a consonant (b, c, d, etc.) + -y, we

o

change the -y to -ies.

jn
go

če se glagol konča na soglasnik (b, c, d itd.) + -y, -y spremenimo

vz

v -ies.
ja

try – he tries
rt
p

carry – she carries

za
su
ča
V

86 Grammar notes
 9b 10c
We use the present simple to talk about habits, regular Note the difference between the two present tenses.
activities and things that are generally true. Pazi na razliko med obema sedanjima časoma.
Present simple uporabljamo za izražanje navad, ponavljajočih se

.
A: Look at Zoe. She’s wearing a long dress.

no
dejanj in splošnih resnic.

je
B: Oh, yes. She usually wears jeans and a T-shirt.

l
Paul always wears a baseball cap.

vo
do
I use the internet every day.
10d

a
A lot of people don’t like snakes.

om
Does Ana live in Veracruz? We also use the present continuous to talk about

em
arrangements for the future (see note 18).
What do kangaroos eat?

izj
Present continuous uporabljamo tudi za izražanje dogovorov za

iva
prihodnost (glej razlago 18).
Present continuous

ad
gr
Past simple

ga
10a

te
e
11a

lik
Affirmative Negative

ob
Trdilna oblika Nikalna oblika

e
Affirmative and negative

n sk
Trdilna in nikalna oblika

ro
I’m I’m not

kt
le
I

ve
He’s He isn’t
He

ite
She’s She isn’t
She started/went

n
It’s dreaming. It isn’t dreaming.

ra
It didn’t start/ yesterday.
sh
We’re We aren’t Weoz
. didn’t go
You
je

You’re You aren’t

an

They’re They aren’t They

isk
t
e,

Questions and short answers

nj

Questions and short answers

ira

Vprašanja in kratki odgovori

p

Vprašanja in kratki odgovori

ko
to

I
fo

Am I
he
je

she
sa

he
ru

Did it start yesterday?

Is she
i
av

we
n

it dreaming?
ro

you
ko

we they
di
ra

Are you
za

Yes, I did. / No, we didn’t. (etc.)

they
ovn
ta

Yes, you are. / No, I’m not. To form the past simple affirmative of regular verbs:
us

V času past simple tvorimo trdilno obliko pravilnih glagolov tako, da:
Yes, she is. / No, they aren’t. (etc.)
h i
ln

• we add -ed to the infinitive,

va

nedoločniku dodamo -ed;

že

10b
ra

want – wanted call – called

ob

We use the present continuous to talk about actions that • with verbs ending in -e, we add -d.
-iz

are in progress now.

o

glagolom, ki se končajo na -e, dodamo -d;

jn

Present continuous uporabljamo za izražanje dejanj, ki potekajo v

go

trenutku govorjenja. live – lived arrive – arrived

vz

I can’t speak to you now. I’m having my lunch.

ja

Irregular verbs have different forms in the past simple.

rt

Look! Sarah’s crying.

p

Nepravilni glagoli imajo v času past simple posebno obliko.

za

What are those people doing?

be – was/were go – went buy – bought
su
ča

A: Is the film starting?

V

B: Yes, it is. Hurry up. Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 96.
Oglej si seznam nepravilnih glagolov na strani 96.

Grammar notes 87
 11b 12c
We use the past simple to talk about past actions or We can use the past continuous and the past simple in
situations. the same sentence. One action was in progress (past
Past simple uporabljamo za izražanje preteklih dejanj in stanj. continuous) when another action interrupted it (past

.
no
I broke my arm yesterday. simple).

je
Past continuous in past simple lahko uporabimo v eni povedi. Eno

l
vo
Shereen didn’t speak English when she was young. She only dejanje je potekalo (past continuous), ko ga je prekinilo drugo

do
spoke Hindi. dejanje (past simple).

a
When did the Romans come to Britain?

om
Sorry. I was having a bath when you phoned.

em
A: Did you go out last night? I was tidying my room when I found this old photo.

izj
B: No, I didn’t. I stayed at home.

iva
Present perfect

ad
Past continuous

gr
13a

ga
te
12a

e
lik
Affirmative and negative

ob
Affirmative and negative Trdilna in nikalna oblika

e
sk
Trdilna in nikalna oblika

n
I

ro
kt
I We have (’ve)

le
He was dreaming. You haven’t

ve
She wasn’t dreaming. They improved.

ite
n
It changed.

ra
He
sh
has (’s)
We She .
oz
were dreaming. hasn’t
You It
je

weren’t dreaming.
an

They
isk
t

Questions and short answers

e,
nj

Questions and short answers Vprašanja in kratki odgovori

ira

Vprašanja in kratki odgovori

p
ko

I
to

I we
fo

Have
he you
je

Was
she they improved?
sa
ru

it changed?
i

dreaming?
av

He
n
ro

we Has she
ko

Were you it
di

they
ra
za

Yes, I have. / No, she hasn’t. (etc.)

ov

Yes, you were. / No, I wasn’t.

n
ta

Yes, she was. / No, they weren’t. (etc.)

We form the present perfect with have/has + the past
us

participle of the main verb.

hi
ln

Present perfect je sestavljen iz pomožnega glagola have/has in

12b
va

preteklega deležnika glavnega glagola.

že

We use the past continuous to talk about actions or

ra

situations that were in progress in the past. The past participle ending is -ed for regular verbs.
ob

Irregular verbs have different forms for the past

-iz

Past continuous uporabljamo za izražanje situacij ali dejanj, ki so

participle.
o

potekala v preteklosti.
jn

Pretekli deležnik pravilnih glagolov ima končnico -ed. Nepravilni

go

There was a lot of noise. All the students were talking.

glagoli imajo posebno obliko preteklega deležnika.
vz

We couldn’t play tennis because it was raining.

ja

How many people were waiting for the bus? Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 96.
rt
p

Oglej si seznam nepravilnih glagolov na strani 96.

za

A: Was the driver going too fast?

su

B: Yes, he was. That’s why he had the accident.

ča
V

88 Grammar notes
 13b 13f
We use the present perfect to describe the present result Note the use of the past participle been.
of a past action. Pazi pri uporabi preteklega deležnika been.
Present perfect uporabljamo za izražanje posledic preteklega
My father has been a teacher for 20 years.

.
no
dejanja, ki so vidne v sedanjosti.
(been = the past participle of the verb be)

je
l
Look. I’ve bought a new mobile.

vo
I’ve been to the USA three times.

do
(Past action: I bought it. Present result: I’ve got it NOW.)
(been = the past participle of the verb go)

a
om
I haven’t finished my lunch.

em
Why has the clock stopped? Note the difference between been and gone.

izj
Pazi na razliko med been in gone.
A: Have you seen my bag?

iva
B: No, I haven’t. Ivo has been to the USA lots of times.

ad
(= He has visited the USA lots of times.)

gr
ga
13c Ivo has gone to the USA.

te
We often use never with the present perfect. Never (= He is in the USA now.)

e
lik
means ‘not at any time up to now’.

ob
Present perfect pogosto uporabljamo z izrazom never, ki pomeni Present perfect and past simple

e
‘ne do sedaj’.

nsk
I’ve never travelled by plane. 14

ro
kt
Note the difference between the present perfect and the

le
We use the question form of the present perfect with

ve
ever to ask about people’s experiences. Ever means past simple.

ite
Pazi na razliko med časoma present perfect in past simple.
‘at any time up to now’.

n
Look. I’ve broken my watch.

ra
V vprašalni obliki uporabimo ever, kadar sprašujemo po izkušnjah.

sh
Ever pomeni ‘do sedaj’. (Present perfect: past action + present situation; we don’t
.
oz
Have you ever travelled by plane? say when the action happened.)
je

Has a member of your family ever won a competition?

an

I broke my watch at school yesterday.

isk

(Past simple: past action; we often use time expressions to

t

13d say when the action happened.)

e,
nj

We use the present perfect with just to say that

ira

something happened a very short time ago.

The future with will/won’t
p
ko

Kadar želimo izraziti, da se je nekaj zgodilo pred kratkim, uporabimo

to

present perfect in just.

fo

A: Your hair’s wet. 15a

je

B: I know. I’ve just washed it.

sa
ru

Affirmative and negative

i
av

Trdilna in nikalna oblika

13e
n
ro

We use the present perfect with for and since to talk

ko

about something that started in the past and is still I

di

happening now. He
ra

She
za

S časom present perfect in for ali since izrazimo, da se je nekaj začelo

will (’ll) change.
ov

v preteklosti in še vedno traja. It

won’t change.
n

We
ta
us

We use for to show how long something has continued. You

h

S for izrazimo, kako dolgo že nekaj traja.

They
i
ln

for a fortnight for ages for two weeks

va
že

A: How long have you had your camera? Questions and short answers
ra
ob

B: I’ve had it for a long time. It’s very old. Vprašanja in kratki odgovori
-iz
o
jn

We use since to say when something began. I

go

S since izrazimo, kdaj se je nekaj začelo. he

vz

since 2001 since last Saturday since my birthday she

ja
rt

Will it change?
p

I haven’t seen Fran since the day before yesterday.

za

we
su

you
ča

they
V

Yes, I will. / No, they won’t. (etc.)

Grammar notes 89
 15b The future with going to
We use will/won’t + verb when we talk about future facts
or predictions about the future. 17
Will/won’t + glagol uporabljamo za izražanje dejstev ali napovedi za We use am/is/are + going to + verb to talk about

.
no
prihodnost. intentions for the future. We have decided to do

je
something before we speak.

l
The sun will rise at 6.15 tomorrow.

vo
Strukturo am/is/are + going to + glagol uporabljamo za izražanje

do
I’ll be seventeen next Thursday.
namenov v prihodnosti. Odločitev smo sprejeli, preden o njej

a
om
A: I’ve got some mushroom soup for lunch. Will Fiona like it? spregovorimo.

em
B: No, she won’t. She won’t eat it. She hates mushrooms.
A: Are you going to sell your bike?

izj
B: Yes, I’m going to get a new one.

iva
15c

ad
We use will/won’t when we decide to do something at I’m not going to argue with my sister. That’s my New Year’s

gr
the moment of speaking. This is sometimes an offer or a resolution!

ga
promise.

te
Will/won’t uporabljamo, kadar se odločimo, da bomo nekaj storili, v The future with present continuous

e
lik
trenutku govorjenja. Včasih tako izrazimo ponudbo ali obljubo.

ob
Who can I ask? I know! I’ll phone Alice. 18

e
sk
Are you too hot? I’ll open a window.

n
We use the present continuous to talk about definite

ro
I’ll buy some bread. I won’t forget, I promise. arrangements for the future, things that are already

kt
organised.

le
ve
15d Present continuous uporabljamo, kadar govorimo o dogovorih za

ite
prihodnost in o stvareh, ki so že organizirane.
Note the position of probably with will and won’t.

n
ra
Pazi na mesto prislova probably v povedi, kjer je tudi will oziroma A: What are you doing tonight?

sh
won’t. B: I’m staying at home. My uncle’s coming for dinner.
.
oz
The shops will probably be closed now.
je

I probably won’t see you tomorrow. can, could, has been able to, will be able to
an
isk
t

15e 19
e,
nj

We generally use will/won’t be able to as the future form The past tense of can is could.
ira

of can/can’t.
p

V času past simple ima glagol can obliko could.

ko

Izraz will/won’t be able to običajno uporabljamo kot prihodnjo obliko

Luka could play the piano when he was five.
to

glagola can/can’t.
fo

I couldn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.

If you sit there, you won’t be able to see the screen.
je
sa

A: I can’t do my maths homework. The future form of can is will be able to.
ru

V prihodnjiku ima glagol can obliko will be able to.

i

B: Ask Jack. He’ll be able to help you.

avn

I’ll be at my uncle’s house tomorrow and I won’t be able to text

ro
ko

First conditional you because I can’t get a signal there. I’ll be able to send
di

you an email. I can use my uncle’s computer.

ra
za

16 The present perfect form of can is has/have been able to.

ov

We use if + present simple + will/won’t + verb when we V času present perfect ima can obliko has/have been able to.
n
ta

talk about a possible future action or situation and its

Anya has been able to walk since she was eleven months old.
us

result.
h

Strukturo if + present simple + will/won’t + glagol uporabljamo I’m sorry but we haven’t been able to mend your hairdryer.
i
ln

za izražanje možnega prihodnjega dejanja ali situacije in njunih You’ll have to buy a new one.
va
že

posledic.
ra

If the weather improves, we’ll go to the beach. (NOT If the

ob

weather will improve)

-iz
o

If the bus doesn’t come soon, we’ll be late for school.

jn
go

You won’t look nice if you wear those old trousers.

vz

What will you do if the shops aren’t open?

ja
rt
p

Remember to use a comma after the ‘if’ clause when the

za

‘if’ clause comes first.

su

Ne pozabi! Kadar pogojni odvisnik stoji na začetku povedi, za njim

ča

uporabi vejico.
V

90 Grammar notes
 might 21b
Must and have to sometimes mean the same.
20 Must in have to imata lahko enak pomen.
We use might/might not + verb to say that something is It’s very cold. You must wear / have to wear your coat!

.
no
possible but not certain. It can refer to the present or the There’s too much noise. It must stop / has to stop immediately!

je
future.

l
vo
Strukturo might/might not + glagol uporabimo, kadar želimo

do
But we normally use must:
povedati, da je nekaj možno, vendar ni gotovo. Nanaša se lahko na

a
Navano uporabimo must:

om
sedanjost ali na prihodnost.
• for formal rules,

em
A: Where’s Laura? za izražanje formalnih pravil,

izj
B: I’m not sure. She might be at the sports centre.
Cyclists must wear a helmet when riding on the roads.

iva
I don’t feel very well, so I might not go out tonight.

ad
• when the speaker feels that something is very

gr
important.

ga
must / have to , mustn’t / don’t have to kadar govorec meni, da je nekaj zelo pomembno.

te
I must work harder next term.

e
lik
21a You must come and see us soon!

ob
We use have to when the speaker knows something is

e
sk
Affirmative necessary because of a rule or arrangement:

n
ro
Trdilna oblika Have to uporabimo, kadar vemo, da je nekaj obvezno zaradi pravila

kt
ali dogovora.

le
ve
I I have to go to the dentist at 2.30.

ite
We must

n
ra
You have to
21c
sh
They
stop. .
We use mustn’t to describe an obligation (for example, to
oz
give an order). There isn’t a choice. We use don’t have to
je

He
an

must to say that something isn’t necessary. There is a choice.

She
isk

has to Mustn’t uporabljamo za izražanje obveznosti (npr. kadar ukazujemo).

t

It Nimamo možnosti izbire. Don’t have to pa uporabljamo, da povemo,

e,
nj

da nekaj ni potrebno. V tem primeru imamo izbiro.

ira

You mustn’t walk home. It’s after midnight.

p

Negative
ko

(= Don’t walk home!)

to

Nikalna oblika
You don’t have to walk home. You can get a bus.
fo

(= You can walk home if you like, but it isn’t necessary.)

je

I
sa

We don’t have to
ru

21d
i

You mustn’t
av n

They The past tense of must and have to is had to.

ro

stop. V času past simple imata oba glagola obliko had to.
ko
di

He A: All the buses were late because of the snow.

doesn’t have to
ra

She B: What did you do? Did you have to walk home?
za

mustn’t A: No, I didn’t have to walk. But I had to wait for ages.
It
nov
ta

The future form of must and have to is will/won’t have to.

us

Note that must is followed by the infinitive without to. V prihodnjiku imata oba glagola obliko will/won’t have to.
h i

We use must and have to to talk about obligation.

ln

A: It’s the OneRepublic concert next Saturday. What time will

va

Naklonskemu glagolu must sledi nedoločnik brez to. Must in have to

we have to get to the stadium?
že

uporabljamo za izražanje obveznosti ali dolžnosti.

ra

B: We’ll have to get there early if we want to be near the front.

ob
-iz

If you finish your homework now, you won’t have to do it at

o

the weekend.
jn
go
vz
ja
rtp
za
su
ča
V

Grammar notes 91
 should
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
PRIDEVNIKI IN PRISLOVI
22a

.
no
Affirmative and negative

je
Comparative and superlative adjectives

l
vo
Trdilna in nikalna oblika
Primernik in presežnik

do
a
I

om
He 23a

em
She For adjectives with one syllable, we add -er or -r for the

izj
should eat that. comparative, and the + -est or -st for the superlative.
It

iva
shouldn’t eat that. Enozložnim pridevnikom dodamo v primerniku -er ali -r, v
We

ad
presežniku pa the + -est ali -st.

gr
You
(old) My sister’s older than me.

ga
They

te
(nice) I think Jack’s the nicest person in the class.

e
lik
Questions and short answers

ob
When the adjective ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant,
Vprašanja in kratki odgovori we double the consonant in the comparative and the

e
sk
superlative.

n
ro
I Če se pridevnik konča na en samoglasnik in en soglasnik, se

kt
he soglasnik v primerniku in presežniku podvoji.

le
ve
she big – bigger – the biggest

ite
Should it eat that? hot – hotter – the hottest

n
ra
we

sh
you 23b
.
oz
they For most adjectives with two or more syllables, we use
je

more and the most to form the comparative and the

an

Yes, I should. / No, they shouldn’t. (etc.) superlative.

isk

Večini pridevnikov z dvema ali več zlogi v primerniku dodamo more,

t
e,

v presežniku pa the most.

Note that should/shouldn’t are followed by the infinitive
nj
ira

without to. Your mobile’s more modern than mine.

p

Naklonskemu glagolu should/shouldn’t sledi nedoločnik brez to. Nina is the most helpful person in our family.
ko
to

Happiness is more important than money.

fo

22b The Lake District is one of the most beautiful places in Britain.
je
sa

We use should/shouldn’t when we give or ask for advice

ru

and when we think something is/isn’t the right thing to 23c

i
av

do. For two-syllable adjectives ending in consonant + -y, we

n

Should/shouldn’t uporabljamo, kadar prosimo za nasvet ali

ro

use -ier/-iest for the comparative and the superlative.

ko

svetujemo in kadar menimo, da je prav, da nekaj storimo oz. nečesa Dvozložnim pridevnikom, ki se končajo na soglasnik + -y, v
di

ne storimo. primerniku in presežniku dodamo -ier oziroma -iest.

ra

You shouldn’t use your computer during a storm. You should

za

(tidy) Your room’s tidier than mine.

turn it off.
ov

(happy) My dad is the happiest person I know.

n

We should always try to help other people.

ta
us

A: What should I do? Should I apologise? 23d

h
i

B: Yes, you should.

ln

Note these irregular comparative and superlative forms.

va

Nekateri pridevniki imajo v primerniku in presežniku nepravilno obliko.

že
ra

good:
ob

The weather’s awful at the moment. Perhaps it’ll be better this

-iz

afternoon.
o
jn

Who’s the best football player in the world?

go
vz

bad:
ja

I don’t like going in the car with my dad. He’s a worse driver
rt
p

than my mum.
za

I hate Mondays. I think Monday is the worst day of the week.

su
ča
V

92 Grammar notes
 as … as 25c
Some adverbs are irregular – their form is the same as
24 the adjective: fast, hard, late, early are adjectives and
We use as + adjective + as to say that two things or adverbs.

.
no
people are the same, and not as + adjective + as to say Nekateri prislovi imajo nepravilno obliko – njihova oblika je enaka

je
they’re different.

l
obliki pridevnika: fast, hard, late, early so tako pridevniki kot tudi

vo
As + pridevnik + as uporabimo, kadar želimo povedati, da sta dve prislovi.

do
stvari ali osebi enaki, not as + pridevnik + as pa, kadar želimo

a
Adjective:

om
povedati, da sta različni.
We often watch the late film on Saturday night.

em
The blue whale’s tongue is as heavy as an African elephant. She’s a very fast swimmer.

izj
The bus to London isn’t as fast as the train, but it isn’t as Adverb:

iva
expensive. They arrived late.

ad
Your brother’s a brilliant tennis player. Are you as good as him? She swims very fast.

gr
ga
te
Adverbs The adjective good  the adverb well.

e
lik
Prislovi Pridevnik good  prislov well.

ob
Nadia is a good singer. She sings well.

e
25a

sk
n
Adverbs are normally formed by adding -ly to the

ro
adjective:

kt
le
Prislove načina navadno tvorimo tako, da pridevniku dodamo PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

ve
končnico -ly, ČASOVNI PREDLOGI

ite
loud  loudly confident  confidently

n
ra
thoughtful  thoughtfully successful  successfully

sh
polite  politely positive  positively until, by, for, during
oz
.
je

but the spelling is different in these cases:

an

26a
isk

vendar je zapis drugačen v teh primerih:

Don’t confuse until and by.
t

• some adjectives ending in -e,

e,

Pazi, da ne zamešaš predlogov until in by.

nj

pri nekaterih pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -e;

ira

• By means ‘not later than’.

true  truly
p

By pomeni ‘ne kasneje kot’.

ko

• adjectives ending in -y,

to

The mechanic says the car will be ready by Friday.

fo

pri pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -y;

(= before or on Friday)
je

crazy  crazily I must finish my project by the end of the week.

sa

happy  happily
ru

(= It mustn’t be later than the end of the week.)

i
av

BUT shy  shyly • Until means that a situation will continue up to a

n
ro

certain moment.
• adjectives ending in -able or -ible;
ko

Until pomeni, da bo situacija trajala do določenega trenutka.

pri pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -ible ali -able;
di

Sam is in New York. He’ll be there until Friday.

ra

comfortable  comfortably
za

(= He’ll leave on Friday.)

terrible  terribly
ov

You can’t see the stars properly at the moment. We must wait
n

• most adjectives ending in -ic.

ta

until it gets dark.

us

pri večini pridevnikov, ki se končajo na -ic.

(= You’ll see them when it gets dark.)
h
i

enthusiastic  enthusiastically
ln
va
že

25b
ra
ob

Adverbs of manner describe how we do things.

-iz

S prislovi načina opišemo, kako kaj počnemo.

o
jn

Don’t speak so loudly!

go

We must read this carefully.

vz
ja

Boris works hard.

rt

Does Mia speak Italian well?

p
za
su
ča
V

Grammar notes 93
 26b The -ing form
Oblika -ing
Don’t confuse for and during.
Pazi, da ne zamešaš predlogov for in during.
• During answers the question ‘When … ?’. 28a

.
no
S predlogom during odgovarjamo na vprašanje ‘When …?’. We often use the -ing form after prepositions.

jel
Obliko -ing pogosto uporabljamo za predlogi.

vo
A: When did you hear the noise?

do
B: I heard it during the night. Do you ever dream about losing all your possessions?

a
You can do your shopping without going to the shops. Do it

om
Luka was sending text messages during our English lesson.
on the internet.

em
• For answers the question ‘How long … ?’. Martina isn’t afraid of flying. She loves it.

izj
S predlogom for odgovarjamo na vprašanje ‘How long …?’. You can record the programme by pressing this button.

iva
A: Were you awake for a long time?

ad
gr
B: Yes, I was awake for hours. 28b

ga
Luka was sending text messages for ages, but the teacher Verbs + -ing are sometimes called ‘gerunds’. They are like

te
nouns.

e
didn’t notice.

lik
Obliko glagola s končnico -ing včasih imenujemo glagolnik. Ima

ob
lastnosti samostalnika.

e
sk
Swimming is good for you.
SENTENCE STRUCTURES

n
I think hiking in the mountains is amazing.

ro
STAVČNE STRUKTURE

kt
le
Suggestions

ve
ite
Predlogi
What’s … like?, etc.

n
ra
sh
29a
27a
.
oz
We use a question word + shall we + verb to ask other
We use What’s he/she/it like? or What are they like? to ask
je

people for suggestions.

an

for a description of someone/something. Kadar koga prosimo za predlog, uporabimo vprašalnico + shall we +
isk

Kadar nas zanima opis osebe ali stvari, uporabimo izraz What’s
glagol.
t

he/she/it like? ali What are they like?

e,

What shall we do? Where shall we go?

nj

A: What’s your sister like?

ira

What time shall we meet? Who shall we invite?

B: She’s very friendly and she’s a good dancer.
p
ko
to

A: What was the film like? 29b

fo

B: It was very exciting and a bit scary. Note the different ways of making suggestions.
je
sa

Predlagamo lahko na različne načine.

ru

27b Shall we play cards?

i
av

We use What + do/does/did + look like? to ask about the Why don’t we go to the park?
n
ro

appearance of a person or thing. Let’s meet at ten o’clock at the station.

ko

Kadar nas zanima videz neke osebe ali stvari, pa uporabimo izraz
How about inviting everybody in the class?
di

What + do/does/did + look like?

ra

Would you like to go away at the weekend? We could go

za

A: What does your new boyfriend look like? camping.

ov

B: He’s quite tall and he’s got dark hair.

n
ta

A: What did the fish look like? Remember that we use the -ing form of the verb after
us

B: They were grey and white. How about.

hi

Ne pozabi, da izrazu How about sledi oblika -ing.

ln
va

27c
že

one/ones
ra

We also use look + adjective to describe someone’s

ob

appearance.
-iz

Kadar opisujemo videz neke osebe, uporabimo look + pridevnik. 30

o
jn

Are you all right? You look really frightened.

go

We use one/ones when we don’t want to repeat a noun.

vz

Mia looks happy. I think she’s in love. Kadar ne želimo ponoviti samostalnika, uporabimo one/ones.
ja

A: Would you like an ice cream?

rt
p

B: Yes, please. Can I have a chocolate one?

za
su

Which trainers do you prefer? Do you like the red ones?

ča

This is a photo of my family. My cousin is the one with long,

V

dark hair.
My aunt and uncle are the ones on her left.
94 Grammar notes
 Spelling notes

1 3 6

.
no
Beseda + -s Beseda + -ing Presežnik

je
l
vo
Poglej, kaj se zgodi, ko dodamo -s: Poglej, kaj se zgodi, ko naslednjim Enozložnim pridevnikom dodamo -est ali -st:

do
• besedam, ki se končajo na -s, -ss, -sh, glagolom dodamo -ing: cold  coldest

a
om
-ch, -x: take  taking long  longest
a bus  two buses have  having nice  nicest

em
I cross  he crosses large  largest

izj
run  running
I wash  he washes

iva
get  getting TODA
I catch  he catches

ad
swim  swimming big  biggest
a box  two boxes

gr
travel  travelling hot  hottest

ga
te
• besedam, ki se končajo na -o,
4 Pridevniki, ki se končajo na soglasnik + -y:

e
pogosto dodamo -es:

lik
pretty  prettiest
a potato  two potatoes Past simple + -ed

ob
happy  happiest
I do  he does

e
Oglej si zapis naslednjih glagolov v

sk
7

n
TODA času past simple:

ro
a radio  two radios live  lived

kt
Prislovi načina

le
a stereo  two stereos move  moved

ve
a photo  two photos drop  dropped Prislove načina navadno tvorimo tako, da

ite
travel  travelled pridevniku dodamo -ly:

n
ra
• besedam, ki se končajo na soglasnik loud  loudly
carry  carried

sh
+ -y: confident  confidently
tidy  tidied
.
oz
a family  two families thoughtful  thoughtfully
je

they fly  he flies successful  successfully

an

5
isk

TODA Pazi pri besedah, ki se končajo polite  politely

Primernik
t

na samoglasnik + -y: positive  positively

e,
nj

I say  he says Enozložnim pridevnikom dodamo -er TODA Pazi na pravilen zapis pri:
ira

a day  two days ali -r: • nekaterih pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -e:

p
ko

cold  colder true  truly

to

• besedam, ki se končajo na -f/-fe: tall  taller

fo

a shelf  two shelves nice  nicer • pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -y:

je

a life  two lives large  larger

sa

crazy  crazily
ru

TODA happy  happily

i
av

2 big  bigger
n

TODA
ro

Nepravilna množina hot  hotter shy  shyly

ko
di

Nekateri samostalniki imajo nepravilno Pridevniki, ki se končajo na soglasnik

ra

obliko v množini. • pridevnikih, ki se končajo na -able ali -ible:

za

+ -y: comfortable  comfortably

a child  two children
ov

pretty  prettier terrible  terribly

a person  two people
n

happy  happier
ta

a man  two men

us

a woman  two women • večini pridevnikov, ki se končajo na -ic:

h

enthusiastic  enthusiastically
i
ln

a foot  two feet

va

a tooth  two teeth

že
ra
ob
-iz
o
jn
go
vz
ja
rtp
za
su
ča
V

Spelling notes 95
 Irregular verbs

Verb Past Past Verb Past Past

.
no
simple participle simple participle

je
l
vo
be was/were been biti know knew known vedeti

do
beat beat beaten tolči, leave left left zapustiti

a
om
premagati lose lost lost izgubiti

em
become became become postati make made made narediti

izj
begin began begun začeti

iva
meet met met srečati

ad
bite bit bitten ugrizniti pay paid paid plačati

gr
break broke broken zlomiti put put put postaviti,

ga
te
bring brought brought prinesti položiti

e
read read read brati

lik
build built built graditi

ob
buy bought bought kupiti ride rode ridden jahati,

e
peljati se

sk
can / could been able to moči, znati

n
ring rang rung zvoniti

ro
be able to

kt
catch caught caught ujeti run ran run teči

le
ve
choose chose chosen izbrati say said said reči

ite
come came come priti see saw seen videti

n
ra
sell sold sold prodati
sh
cost cost cost stati
.
(imeti ceno) send
oz sent sent poslati
je

cut cut cut rezati shake shook shaken tresti

an
isk

do did done delati shoot shot shot ustreliti

t

drink drank drunk piti sing sang sung peti

e,
nj

drive drove driven voziti sink sank sunk potoniti

ira
p

eat ate eaten jesti sit sat sat sedeti

ko
to

fall fell fallen pasti sleep slept slept spati

fo

feel felt felt čutiti speak spoke spoken govoriti

je
sa

fight fought fought boriti se, spend spent spent potrošiti,

ru

prepirati se preživeti
i
av n

find found found najti spill spilt spilt razliti

ro
ko

fly flew flown leteti stand stood stood stati

di

forget forgot forgotten pozabiti steal stole stolen krasti

ra
za

get got got dobiti swim swam swum plavati

ov

give gave given dati take took taken vzeti

n
ta
us

go went gone iti teach taught taught učiti, poučevati

h

grow grew grown rasti, gojiti tell told told povedati

i
ln
va

hang hung hung obesiti, viseti think thought thought misliti

že
ra

have had had imeti understand understood understood razumeti

ob

hear heard heard slišati upset upset upset vznemiriti

-iz
o

hit hit hit zadeti, udariti wake woke woken zbuditi

jn
go

hold held held držati wear wore worn nositi (imeti

vz

hurt hurt hurt boleti, raniti oblečeno)

ja
rt

keep kept kept hraniti, win won won zmagati

p
za

obdržati write wrote written pisati

su
ča
V

96 Irregular verbs
 Seznam zvočnih posnetkov Acknowledgements
The publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce
Track Unit/Step Exercise photographic material:

.
no
cover Syda Productions/Shutterstock.com; p. 4 (map) Bardocz Peter/Shutterstock.
1 Introduction

je
com, (girl) Creatas Images/Thinkstock; p. 8 Tiplyashina Evgeniya/Shutterstock.com;

l
vo
2 1.1 6 p. 19 (Veracruz port) South American Pictures, (Veracruz café) © Travel Pictures/Alamy/
Profimedia; p. 23 (boy top left) Shelly Perry/iStock/Thinkstock, (girl top right) Purestock/

do
3 2.1 4 Thinkstock, (boy middle) CREATISTA/iStock/Thinkstock, (girl bottom left) Intellistudies/

a
iStock/Thinkstock, (boy bottom right) Helder Almeida/iStock/Thinkstock, (Osborne

om
4 2.2 5A House) Corrie: Nigel/Profimedia; p. 25 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com;

em
p. 29 (camel race) Ezra Shaw/Getty Images, (Henley-on-Todd Regatta) Robin Smith/
5 2.2 5C Getty Images; p. 31 Wesley Walker/Shutterstock.com; p. 33 Djomas/Shutterstock.com;

izj
6 3.2 4 p. 35 Richard Paul Kane/Shutterstock.com; p. 39 Ron Ellis/Shutterstock.com; p. 45

iva
(Gemma) IPGGutenbergUKLtd/iStock/Thinkstock, (Nick) Toby Burrows/Digital Vision/
7 4.1 5 Thinkstock; p. 47 NASA/PD-USGov; p. 51 Oleg Golovnev/Shutterstock.com; p. 55 Jože

ad
Suhadolnik; p. 59 (canoeist) aetb/iStock/Thinkstock, (basketball player) Thinkstock,

gr
8 4.2 4A (diver) C.K.Ma/Thinkstock, (bungee jumper) elina/Thinkstock, (painter) Monkey Business

ga
Images/Thinkstock; p. 60 Fuse/Thinkstock; p. 63 Avis De Miranda/Shutterstock.com;
9 4.2 4C

te
p. 65 Dean Mouhtaropoulos/Getty Images; p. 66 (Katie) Martin Novak/Shutterstock.
10 5.2 4 com, (Nick) Anne Connor/iStock/Thinkstock; p. 68 Gareth Boden; p. 73 Edyta Pawlowska/

e
lik
Shutterstock.com; p. 79 Devid Camerlynck/Shutterstock.com.
11 6.1 5

ob
The publishers are grateful to the following illustrators:
12 6.2 5A

e
Mark Duffin, F & L Productions, Christyan Fox, Martha Gavin, Graham Kennedy, Stephen

sk
May, Lee Montgomery, John Plumb, David Shenton, Kate Sheppard (Beehive Illustration),
13 6.2 5C

n
Lisa Smith (Sylvie Poggio), Jaka Vukotič (Umer Artists Agency), Kelly Waldek, Jennifer

ro
14 7.1 4 Ward (Sylvie Poggio).

kt
le
15 7.1 5 The publishers are grateful to the following contributors:

ve
Gareth Boden: commissioned photography

ite
16 7.2 5A Annie Cornford: editorial work

n
Mags Robertson: photographic direction
17 8.1 4

ra
Anne Rosenfeld: audio recording

sh
18 8.2 5A
.
oz
19 8.2 5C
je
an

20 9.2 4
isk

21 10.2 3
t
e,

22 10.2 4A
nj
ira

23 10.2 4C
p
ko
to
fo
je
sa
ru
i
av n
ro
ko
di
ra
za
n ov
ta
us
h i
ln
va
že
ra
ob
-iz
o
jn
go
vz
ja
rtp
za
su
ča
V
 .
no
je
l
vo
do
a
om
em
Messages New edition je vsebinsko in oblikovno izpopolnjena izdaja najbolj

izj
priljubljene serije za angleščino v Sloveniji. V njej učenci spoznavajo angleški jezik,

iva
obenem pa tudi kulturo, običaje in način življenja v različnih kulturnih okoljih,

ad
s poudarkom na angleško govorečih. Aktualne in vsakdanje situacije olajšajo

gr
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te
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ro
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le
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ra
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primeri rabe, seznamom Spelling notes in seznamom nepravilnih glagolov.
.
oz
je
an
isk

Komplet Messages 3 New edition sestavljajo:

t

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e,
nj

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ira

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p
ko

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fo
je

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sa
ru

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n
ro
ko
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za
nov
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us
i h
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ob
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o
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go
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