UNIT 11 ANSWERS

1 GETTING STARTED PAGE 108

A
Answers will vary

B
1 Obesity
2. Outsourcing jobs
3. New technology
4. Traffic congestion
5. College tuition fees
6. Shortage of skilled workers

C
1. Young people are being encouraged to go to college.
2. We’re not being given enough financial support.
3. Fast-food chains have being forced to change their menus.
4. The problem hasn’t been completely solved.

2 GRAMMAR THE PASSIVE PAGE 109

1. That problem hasn’t been solved yet. However, tracking devices are being advertised.
Devices to track speed have been developed… a lot of lives have been saved.
2. Healthier lunches are being provided… Junk food hasn’t been taken off menus…
processed food is not being used… organic foods are being served.
3. The city center is being developed. A lot of older buildings have been knocked down,
and a lot of… have been built. The housing shortage is not being solved, though. Too few
homes are being built.
3 SPEAKING NATURALLY
B
1. are being encouraged
2. are being offered
3. are being required
4. has been given
5. has been introduced
6. are being made

1 BUILDING VOCABULARY PAGE 110

A
What can you do to protect the environment?
1. natural resources
2. global warming
3. energy saving
4. air pollution
5. environment friendly
6. toxic chemicals
7. a landfill
8. biodegradable
9. water consumption
10. drought

B
Answers will vary

C
1. in spite of
2. because
3. in order to
4. instead of

2 GRAMMAR LINKING IDEAS PAGE 111

A
1. Even though / although
2. instead of, instead of
3. In order to / to
4. as a result of / because of / due to, because
5. despite / in spite of, so that / so
6. so that / so
7. due to / because of / as a result of, in spite of / despite
8. although / even though

1 CONVERSATION STRATEGY PAGE 112

B
Paternity leave, flexible hours, child-care centers, telecommuting, internships.

D
Greg: like you said
Celia: as I said
Adam: as you were saying earlier, like I was saying
Celia: going back to what you were saying
2 STARTEGY PLUS AND SO FORTH PAGE 113
All expressions are correct for every sentence.
Possible answers:
1. less time off, and so forth
2. health insurance, and so on
3. equal pay, etc.
4. improve their résumés, and things like that
5. restaurants, and so on

3 LISTENING AND STRATEGIES

B
(2) As I was saying…
(4) Going back to what you were saying…
(1) Going back to what you said…
(X) I mentioned earlier…
(3) As I said,…

C
Possible answers:
1. Flexible working hours
ADVANTAGES: easier to organize your life.
DISADVANTAGES: you don’t always know when someone will be at their desk.
2. Telecommuting
ADVANTAGES: people get more done.
DISADVANTAGES: easy to get distracted by chores.
3. Paternity leave
ADVANTAGES: new mothers need help at home.
DISADVANTAGES: could harm their chances of promotion.
4. Desk-sharing
ADVANTAGES: saves money for the company.
DISADVANTAGES: hard to build relationships at work.

1 READING PAGE 114

B
Justin Beaver: singing –his mother posted a video of him singing.
Darcie Chan: writing –she self-published an e-book.
Michelle Phan: beautician –she posted an online video tutorial.

C
1. claim to fame.
He won second place in a local talent show.
2. an overnight sensation.
His mother helped him by posting a video of him singing.
3. gain recognition.
She self-published her first novel as an e-book, and it sold 400,000 copies in the first year.
4. to her credit.
She has made more than 200 videos, and they have been viewed more than a billion times.
She also got a job with a major cosmetics company.
5. go viral.
Answers will vary.

2 LISTENING AND WRITING PAGE 115

A
1. Adam: b (p)
2. Emily: d (p)
3. Tyler: a (n)
4. Madison: c (n)

B
Possible answers:
1. Adam thinks it’s easier to understand messages when they aren’t written in “textese”. It
is easier to type on the phones now. Mistakes made by the auto-correct feature are
hilarious.
2. Emily likes online shopping because she saves a lot of time. More and more things are
available online.
3. Tyles thinks they are still expensive and bad for the environment. People with these
systems don’t go out or exercise enough.
4. Madison says people get distracted by their phones and forget to communicate with each
other. It’s getting more difficult to have interesting, intelligent conversations.

C
Answers will vary.

D
Recently I’ve noticed that my friends and I are spending less time on our laptops and more
and more time on our smartphones… As people increasingly use their smartphones for
these functions, the use of laptops is declining. For me…