P5-9b

In order to study the Photochemical decay of aqueous bromine in bright sunlight, a small
quantity of liquid bromine was dissolved in water contained in a glass battery jar and
placed in direct sunlight. The following data was obtained at 25 ° C

⎡ 10 ⎤ ⎡ 2.45 ⎤
⎢ 20 ⎥ ⎢ 1.74 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
30 1.23 ⎥
t≔⎢ ⎥ ca ≔ ⎢ mol/m^3
⎢ 40 ⎥ (hr) ⎢ 0.88 ⎥
⎢ 50 ⎥ ⎢ 0.62 ⎥
⎢⎣ 60 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0.44 ⎥⎦

3
h≔t −t n ≔ last ((t)) 2
2
1 0 2
2
2
1
‖ | 1
1
ca
−3 ⋅ ca + 4 ⋅ ca − ca 8⋅10⁻¹
‖ 0 1 2 | 6⋅10⁻¹
4⋅10⁻¹
deriv ≔ ‖ d ← ―――――― |
‖ 0 2⋅h | 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

| t
‖ for i ∊ 1 ‥ n − 1 |
‖ ‖ | |
‖ ‖ ca − ca | |
i+1 i−1
‖ ‖ d ← ――――| |
‖ ‖ i 2⋅h | |
‖ |
‖ ca − 4 ⋅ ca + 3 ⋅ ca |
n−2 n−1 n
‖ d ← ―――――――― |
‖ n 2⋅h |
‖d
‖ |

⎡ −0.081 ⎤
⎢ −0.061 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ −0.043 ⎥
deriv =
⎢ −0.031 ⎥
⎢ −0.022 ⎥
⎢⎣ −0.014 ⎥⎦
 x ≔ ln ⎛⎝ca⎞⎠ y ≔ ln ((−deriv))

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-4.3 -4.1 -3.9 -3.7 -3.5 -3.3 -3.1 -2.9 -2.7 -2.5 x
-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1

m ≔ slope ((x , y)) b ≔ intercept ((x , y))

order ≔ m k ≔ exp ((b))

order = 1.014 k = 0.034

b) Assuming identical exposure conditions, calculate the required hourly rate of injection of
bromine (in pounds) into a sunlit body of water, 25000 gal. in volume, in order to mantain a
sterilizing level of bromine of 1.0ppm.

k ≔ 0.034 γ≔1 Ca ≔ 1

ra ≔ k ⋅ Ca γ

ra = 0.034
d
―― Na ＝ raV ＝ Fa
dt

2500 ⋅ 0.034 ⋅ 60 ⋅ 3.7851

Fa ≔ ――――――――
1000 ⋅ 453.6

F 0.043 lbs/hr
 Fa = 0.043 lbs/hr

c) What experimental conditions would you suggest if you were to obtain more data?

I would suggest calculating the exact conversion that takes place in a volume of 25,000
gal with a molar flow of 0.043 lbs/hr.