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  • Features & Types of Group

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    Shahnaz Hussain
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    Group is defined as two or more people who work together towards common goals and develop shared attitudes. Key features of a group include collective identity, interaction, and shared goals that bring members together. There are several types of groups including primary and secondary, membership and reference, command and task, in-groups and out-groups, and formal and informal groups. Primary groups have intimate face-to-face interactions while secondary groups are more formal. Formal groups are created by management to achieve goals while informal groups form naturally in the workplace.

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    Group is defined as two or more people who work together towards common goals and develop shared attitudes. Key features of a group include collective identity, interaction, and shared goals that bring members together. There are several types of groups including primary and secondary, membership and reference, command and task, in-groups and out-groups, and formal and informal groups. Primary groups have intimate face-to-face interactions while secondary groups are more formal. Formal groups are created by management to achieve goals while informal groups form naturally in the workplace.

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    28 views2 pages

    Features & Types of Group

    Uploaded by

    Shahnaz Hussain
    Group is defined as two or more people who work together towards common goals and develop shared attitudes. Key features of a group include collective identity, interaction, and shared goals that bring members together. There are several types of groups including primary and secondary, membership and reference, command and task, in-groups and out-groups, and formal and informal groups. Primary groups have intimate face-to-face interactions while secondary groups are more formal. Formal groups are created by management to achieve goals while informal groups form naturally in the workplace.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Group

    Group may be defined as the aggregation of small number of people who work for common
    goals and develop a shared attitude.

    The following are the features of the group:-

    a. TWO OR MORE PERSONS - A group should have atleast two people. With a single
    individual there cannot be a meaningful interaction.

    b. COLLECTIVE IDENTITY - Each member of the group must believe that s/he is a part of the
    group and be aware of his membership. If not aware, there will be no meaningful interaction.

    c. INTERACTION - Each member should share her/his ideas with others through
    communication, at least occasionally.

    d. SHARED GOAL INTEREST – Every group has a common objective. The shared goal
    interest/s brings the group members together.

    Types of Groups

    1. Primary & Secondary Groups:-

    A primary group has intimate, face to face association & co-operation e.g. family,
    neighbourhood groups, friendship groups

    A secondary group is formal, may not have any interest in the problems & pleasure of others.

    2. Membership & Reference Groups:

    A membership group is one to which an individual really belongs.

    A reference group is one with which the individual identifies. The attractiveness of the reference
    group makes the norms of that group more attractive to the individual who aspires for it.

    3. Command & Task Groups:

    A command group is composed of subordinates who report directly to a common supervisor e.g.
    a production manager & his subordinates in his department.

    A task group is usually formed to solve a problem. It is comprised of the employees who work
    together to complete a particular task.

    4. In-groups & Out-groups:

    In-groups are a cluster of individuals that have a dominant place in social functioning.
    The out-groups are marginal in the society and referred as minority groups.

    5. Formal & Informal groups:

    Formal groups are created and maintained to fulfill specific needs related to the overall
    organizational mission:
    a. Designed by Top management for achieving organizational goals
    b. Concentrates more on the performance of job
    c. People are placed in hierarchy and their status determined accordingly
    d. Co-ordination of members are controlled through process, procedures etc

    Informal Groups are created in the organization because of social and psychological forces
    operating at the workplace.
    a. A natural outcome at the work place & not designed and planned
    b. Organization is coordinated by group norms and not by norms of the formal organization
    c. Such group associations are not specified in the blue-print of the formal organization

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