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6 Stability Handout
6 Stability Handout
Recall: Total output response of a system is the sum of two responses: the forced
response and the natural response.
Physically, an unstable system whose natural response grows without bound can
cause damage to the system, to adjacent property, or to human life.
Based on bounded-input, bounded-output (BIBO)
Poles
1. The values of the Laplace transform variable, s, that causes the transfer
function to become infinite
2. Any roots of the denominator of the transfer function that are common to
roots of the numerator
Zeros
1. The values of the Laplace transform variable, s, that cause the transfer
function to become zero
2. Any roots of the numerator of the transfer function that is common to roots
of the denominator.
S-plane
1) Stable systems have closed-loop transfer functions with poles only in the left-
half plane
2) Unstable systems have closed-loop transfer functions with at least one pole
in the right-half plane and/or poles of multiplicity greater than one on the
imaginary axis
3) marginally stable systems have closed-loop transfer functions with only
imaginary axis poles of multiplicity 1 and poles in the left-half plane
Examples:
identify whether the examples given earlier are stable, marginally stable, or
unstable
(s+2)
1. G ( s )=
( s +5 ) s
3
2. G ( s )= 2
s (s +2 s+ 5)