Equipment/

Descriptions References
Labour
[1] In this project a detail reconnaisance and a tree count are not possible. Field manual
Bulldozer Thus quick method is used to estimate for the normal area clearing. (FM) No 5-434
15 June 2000
STEP 1
Determine the size of the area to clear (in acre).
Area to be cleard, A

= 1,100,000.33 m³

In acre, '= 271.82 acre

STEP 2
Determine the size and number of dozer available.
Assumed:
Bulldozer size = Heavy
Heavy Tractor has an operating weight of 108,390 kg

Number of dozer available = 5

STEP 3
Determine the maximum size of the trees to clear. JKH 4A/1
Based on the site area is = 24 inches REFERENCE 2
= 60.96 cm

STEP 4 JKH 4A/1

Determine the time required (hours per acre) for clearing, based on REFERENCE 2
dozer size and tree size).
Time required D = 8 hr/acre

It is noted that the clearing rate is based on the average trees count
of 50 tree per arce.
Therefore it is assumed that:
Number of trees on site = 50 x 271.82 acre
= 13,590.79 trees

STEP 5
Operator require break and there are always secondary delay for minor Table 2.2
equipment repair. Therefore, actual production time per hour is REFERENCE 4
something less than 60 minutes. In the case of a well-managed job
expect 50 minutes of production time per hour.

1
Equipment/
Descriptions References
Labour

Efficiency factor = Actual working minutes per hour

60 minutes working hour

= 50 min/hr
60 min/hr

= 0.83

STEP 6
Determine the operator factor CIDB
Assume that the operator ability is average and the operation hour is during 2018 Machinery
daylight. Hire Rate and
Thus , the operator factor, O = 1.0 Equipment
Purchase Price
STEP 7 (LIST A)
Determine the total time (in hour) require to complete the mission. Pahang
REFERENCE 22
Total time (hours) = DxA
ExOxN

= 522 hr
= 65.2 day
KOMATSU
STEP 8
Determine the cost Catalog Crawler
The detail of medium bulldozer used are as below: Dozer

Brand : Komatsu
Model: SAA12V140E-3

Excluding cost of diesel / petrol used and transport cost from machinery
leasing company to construction site and back,

Rental cost per day = RM 933.33 per day

Cost of diesel = RM 2.18 per L

 Average diesel comsumption for a bulldozer (671kW 899 HP)

= 208.8 L /hr

Total cost of diesel = RM 2.18 x 209 x 8

= RM 3,640.60

Total cost for 5 nos bulldozer,

= RM 933.33 + RM3,640.60 x 65.2 x 5
= RM1,491,919.51

[2] Number of operator = 5 CIDB Malaysia

Bulldozer 2019 Labour
Operator Taking assumption as cost for operation of bulldozer = cost for operators wage rates
of excavator since both are categorized under heavy equipment Johor
operator. REFERENCE 18

Taking the labour wage of operator during July in common rate,

= RM 99.00 /day

Total cost for 5 bulldozer operator,

≈ 99.00 x 65.24 x 5
≈ RM 32,291.71

[3] Number of tree on site = 13,590.79 Kumaran,

Labour S and Ainuddin
Based on the elevation range 1200m to 1500m , lower Montane Forest A.N.2006
occurs in Tanah Rata. Cameron Highland. Important tree families include Kumaran,S et al.
the Lauranceace and Fagaceae (beech and oak) as being more frequent in 2010
LMCF REFERENCE 16

Thus, it is assumed that the forest type of tahan rata us same in Caspian
forest as used our reference.

Including delay, total time needed to fell a tree per labour(output efficiency)
≈ 5 min.
Assume number of labour available = 8
Time needed to fell all the trees
= 13591 x 5 / 8
= 8494.242 min

≈ 142 hr ≈ 18 day

Also, tree in LMF on the large mountain may reach up to 1.8 - 10.0
which is averagely 5.9 m
However the length of the cargo of dump truck is 5.5m.
Thus, the tree should be cut smaller into averagely = 5.9 ≈ 1 sect.
5.0

Assuming a labour need 4 minutes to saw a section.

Each tree need to cut into 1 smaller section, thus a labour need 4 minutes
to saw a tree.

No. of tree need to be cut = 13,590.79

Time required to cut all the tree into logs, = 13590.788 x 4 / 8

= 6795.39 minutes
≈ 113 hr ≈ 14 days

Total day needed for tree feeling and cut the logs into smaller section,
= 142 + 113
= 255 hr
≈ 32 days

The detail of labour as below:

Geneal construction worker,civil,local

Taking the labour cost during January in common rate.

= RM 78.00 per day

Total labour wage rate = RM 78.00 x 32 x 8

= RM 19,876.53
 [4] Since the number of labour = number of chainsaw = 8
Chainsaw
The model of chainsaw is as below:

STIHL MS 381 25" 3900 W 5.3 HP Petrol gasoline engine chainsaw

wood cutter.

Buying price of the chainsaw = RM 2,100.00

Assuming rental price for 1 chainsaw (including transport)

= RM 55 x 32 x 8
= RM 14,015.50

[5] The detail of Hydraulic Excavator are as below:

Excavator
Brand : Komatsu
Model : PC400LC-7
Bucket Capacity : 3.2 m³

Estimation area per logs based on diameter of trunk, CIDB

= π x 61.0 ² Malaysia 2018
2 Machinery hire
rates equipment
= 2919.01 cm² purchase price
≈ 0.29 m² (list A/ pahang
REFERENCE 23
Volume per logs = 0.29 x 5m

= 1.5 m³

Thus, it is estimated that each trip can only load 1 log

The bucket capacity of hidraulic excavator = 3.2 m³

= 4.19 CY
The cycle time including load, maneuver four reversals of direction
(minimum travel) and the dump is estimated to be 15 seconds

Efficiency Factor = Actual working minutes per hour

60 minutes working hour
= 50 working minutes per hour
60 minutes working hour

= 0.83
 Thus, Output efficiency for an excavator,
= initial time + delay time due to effciency factor

= 15 + 1 - 0.83 x 15
= 17.50
≈ 18 second/log

Dimension of cargo dump truck = 5.8 x 3 x 1.6

= 27.84 m³

Total number of logs can be carried per cycle = 27.84 / 1.5

= 19.1 logs

Loading time required per dump track per trip,= 19.1 x 18

= 343 sec
≈ 6 min

The dump truck needed to travel 35 trips to transport all the logs.Thus,
Total time needed to complete the task = 6 x 35
= 200 min
≈ 3.3 hr
≈ 0.4 day

For the selected model,

Rental cost per excavator = RM 1103.33 / day
Cost of Diesel = RM 2.80 / L
Average diesel comsumption for a excavator = 20 L
Total cost diesel per excavator
= RM 2.80 x 20 x 8
= RM 448.00 / day

Total cost for 1 excavator = RM 1103.33 + 448.00 x 1x 1

= RM 1,551.33

[6] Number of operator = 1 CIDB

Excavator Malaysia 2018
Operator The details labour are as below: Labour wage
Excavator Operator, Skilled, Local rate/ pahang
REFERENCE 18
Taking the labour wage for excavator operator cost during January in common
rate = RM 99.00 / day

Total cost for 1 excavator operator = RM 99.00 x 1x 1

= RM 99.00
 [7] The detail dump truck are as below:
Dump Brand : XCNG
truck Model : NXG5650DT
Operating weight : 45000 Kg

A dump truck able to carry logs per trip = 75

No. of trip required per dump truck = 2595 / 75
= 34.6

Max. travelling speed of dump trcuk = 56 km / hr

Consider construction site speed limit average travelling speed of dump
truck = 20 km/hr

Max.distance travelled bt the truck = 210 m

Average distance travelled by the truck = 105 m
Travel time per trip = 105 / 1000 / 20
= 0.00525 hr
≈ 0.315 min

A truck cycle time included the time a loaded truck takes to travel to the
dump site,unload,return to the loading unit and be reloaded.
Assume time required to unload = time required for loading = 3.5 min.
Trucuk recyle time = 0.32 + 0.32 + 23 + 23
= 47 min.

No. of truck required = 1+ 47

23
= 3.0

For the selected model, CIDB

Rental cost per dump truck = RM 696.67 /day Malaysia 2018
Machinery hire
Cost of diesel = Rm 2.80 /L rates equipment
Average diesel comsumption for a dump trcuk = 25 L/hr purchase price
Total cost of diesel per excavator = RM 2.80 x 25 x 8 (list A/ pahang
= RM 560.00 /day REFERENCE 29

Total cost for 2 nos dump truck = RM 560.00 + 696.67 x 3

x 2
= RM 7,540.02
 [8] Number of operator = 3 CIDB
Dump Malaysia 2018
truck The details labour are as below: Labour wage
operator Off road truck Operator, Skilled, Local rate/ pahang
REFERENCE 18
Taking the labour wage for excavator operator cost during July in common
rate = RM 70.67 / day

Total cost for 2 truck operator = RM 70.67 x 2x 3

= RM 424.02