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IIT-JEE: 2019 PRACTICE SHEET

TRIGONOMETRY

SOLUTION

1. (AB)
We have
E = cos2 + cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ( +  + ) – 2cos cos ( + ) cos (+  + )
= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ( +  + ) – cos (     )  cos (  (   )) cos ( +  + )
= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) – cos (  )     cos (   )  

= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) – cos 2 (   ) – sin 2  
= 1 Ans.]

2. (AC)
9 9
We have sin4x + cos4x = 1
5 4
9 4 9
 tan x + = sec4x (on divide throughout by cos4x)
5 4
9 4 9
 tan x + = (1 + tan2x)2
5 4
 16 tan x – 40 tan2x + 25 = 0  (4 tan2x – 5)2 = 0
4

5
 tan2x =
4
5 9 4 9
Now, sec2x = 1 + tan2x = 1 + = and cosec2x = 1 + cot2x = 1 + =
4 4 5 5
 729   729 
Hence 64 sec6x + 125 cosec6x =  64   + 125   = 1458 Ans.]
 64   125 

3. (BC)
2 2 2 2 2 2
sin 4   4 cos 2   cos 4   4 sin 2  = (1  cos )  4 cos   (1  sin )  4 sin 
= (1 + cos2) + (1 + sin2) = 2 + (cos2 + sin2) = 3  B, C]

4. (ABC)
1 1 25 – 263
Square and add to get 2 + 2cos( – ) =  =  cos    
16 9 144 288
 3
Also using C-D relation, we get tan =
2 4
Now intepret.]

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5. (BD)
simplifying 2 cos2x + 2 cos x = 0
cos x = 0 or cos x = – 1  B, D]

6. (CD)
n n
1 1
We have fn() =  4n sin 4 (2n ) =  4 n sin 2 (2n ) (1 – cos2(2n ) )
n 0 n 0

n
1 2 n 1 
= n
sin (2 )  sin 2 ( 2n 1 )
n 0 4  4 
n
1 1 
 fn() =   4 n sin 2 (2n )  4n 1 sin 2 (2 n1 )
n 0

 1  1 1 
 fn() =  sin 2   sin 2 (2)    sin 2 (2)  2 sin 2 (2 2 ) 
 4   4 4 
 1 2 2 1 2 3 
+  2 sin ( 2 )  3 sin (2 ) 
4 4 
 1 2 n 1 1 2 n 
+ ................+  n 1 sin (2 )  n sin (2 ) 
4 4 
 1 2 n 1 2 n 1 
+  n sin (2 )  n 1 sin (2 ) 
4 4 
1
Hence fn () = sin2 – n 1 sin2(2n + 1 )
4
2
 2  1    1  1
(A) f2   = sin  sin 2  8   =    0 = False
4 4 64  4  2 2

 1
1  cos 1

  2  1    4 0 = 2 2 1 2 2 2
(B) f3   = sin  sin 2 16   = =  = False
8
  8 256  8  2 2 2 2 2 4

 3  3 1  3 
(C) f4   = sin 2  sin 2  32   = (–1)2 – 0 = 1True
 2 2 1024  2 

2 1
(D) f5() = sin   sin 2 (64 ) = (0)2 – 0 = 0 True ]
4096

7. (BC)
We have

 n    
sin         (n  1)  
6  4   4  6     n  
f() = 2     n  =
sin    (n  1)  sin    
2  cot    (n  1) 4   cot    4 
    
n 1 n 1
 4  4 

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   3  
= 2  cot   cot    2  
 
= 2 (cot  + tan ) =
 2
 
2  tan   cot   2

 
 f min .     = 2 2 ]
 4

8. (ABD)
 2 3
We have E = cos2 + cos2 + cos2
7 7 7
2 4 6
1  cos 1  cos 1  cos 3 1  2 4 6 
= 7  7  7 =   cos  cos  cos 
 7 7 7
2 2 2 2 2 
S

Now, S = cos 2 + cos 4 + cos 6, where  =
7
 2S sin  = sin 3 – sin sin 5 – sin 3sin 7 – sin 5= sin
 7  sin 
zero

1 3 1 5
 S=–  E=  
2 2 4 4
3
Clearly 1 < E < ]
2

9. (ABCD)
(A) We have cos4  – sin4  + 2sin2 = (cos2  + sin2 ) (cos2  – sin2 ) + 2 sin2 
= cos2  – sin2  + 2 sin2 = cos2  + sin2  = 1
(B) We have sin2  cos2  + cos2  sin2  + sin2  sin2  + cos2  cos2 
= (sin2  + cos2 ) cos2  + (cos2  + sin2 ) sin2  = cos2  + sin2  = 1
(C) We have sin (285° – ) cos ( + 165°) + sin ( + 165°) cos ( – 285°)
= sin (285° –  +  + 165°) = sin 450° = sin 90° = 1.
sin 2  cos 2 
(D) We have (1 + cot2 ) + (1 + tan2 )
2 2
(sin 2 )(cos ec 2 ) (cos 2 )(sec 2 ) 1 1
= + = + =1 ]
2 2 2 2

10. (ABD)

    1 1 
sin  n  sin  n 1  n 
      2  2 2 
We have Tn = tan  n  sec  n 1  = =
2  2             
cos  n  cos n 1  cos  n  cos n 1 
2  2  2  2 

     
= tan  n 1  – tan  n 
2  2 
n
         
 fn() =   tan n 1   tan n   =  tan   tan n 
n 1  2   2   2 

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  2  
Now, f3(2) = tan 2 – tan   = 0 – tan = –1
 8  4
 4  4  4  
f4   = tan – tan  = 3 – tan 12 = 3 – ( 2  3 ) = 2 ( 3  1)
 3  3  3 16 
 4  
f5(4) = tan 4 – tan   = 0 – tan = – ( 2  1) = (1  2 )
 32  8
 48   3 
f6(48) = tan 48 – tan   = 0 – tan   = –(–1) = 1 ]
 64   4 

11. (ACD)

12. (ABCD)
We have
ln (tan x) = 0
 tan x = 1
 option (A), (B), (C), (D) are correct ]

13. (ABC)
(A) (tan  + cot )2
= tan2 + cot2 + 2
= (1 + tan2) + (1 + cot2)
= sec2 + cosec2
1 1
= +
cos  sin 2 
2

= sec2 cosec2
(B) As 3 = 2 + 
 tan 3 = tan (2 + )
tan 2  tan 
tan 3 =
1  tan 2 tan 
 tan 3 – tan 2 – tan  = tan 3 tan 2 tan 
1  cot 2  cos ec 2 sin 2   cos 2 
(C) = = = sec2  + cosec2 
1  sin 2  cos 2  sin 2  cos 2 
     1  tan    1  tan   (1  tan ) 2  (1  tan ) 2
(D) tan     + tan     =  + =
4  4   1  tan    1  tan   1  tan 2 

(1  tan 2 ) 2
=2 2 = = 2 sec 2 ]
(1  tan ) cos 2

14. (ABD)
Let x = cos 
3
4 cos3 – 3 cos  = –
2
5 5 2n 5
cos 3 = cos  3 = 2n ±  = ±
6 6 3 18
5
put n = 0,  =
18

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 2 5 17 2 5 7
n = 1,  = + = ; = – = ]
3 18 18 3 18 18

15. (AC)
We have
 5 1  3 5
(sin 27° – cos 27°)2 = 1 – 2 sin 27° cos 27° = 1 – sin 54° = 1 –  4  =
  4

3 5
 | sin 27° – cos 27° | =
2

But for 0 <  < , sin  – cos  < 0,
4

3 5
So sin 27° – cos 27° = – Ans.
2
Alternatively: sin 27° – sin 63°
– 2 cos 45° sin 18°
 5 1 
 2   =  5  1 Ans. ]

 4  2 2

16. (ABCD)

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17. (BC)

18. (ABCD)

r=  s = 5, a + b + c = 10
s
abc
=  abc = 60
4R
2 = s(s – a)(s – b)(s – c)
 5 = (5 – a)(5 – b)(5 – c)
= 125 – 25(a + b + c) + 5(ab + bc + ca) – abc
 ab + bc + ca = 38
a2 + b2 + c2 = (a + b + c)2 – 2 (38) = 24
Also r1 + r2 + r3 – r = 4R
 r1 + r2 + r3 = r + 4R = 13  A, B, C, D]

19. (BCD)
1 + 4 cos3x – 3 cos x = 2(2 cos2 x – 1)
4 cos3x – 4 cos2x – 3 cos x + 3 = 0
let cos x = t
3 2
4t – 4t – 3t + 3 = 0  4t2(t – 1) – 3(t – 1) = 0  (t – 1)(4t2 – 3) = 0
3
t = 1 or t2 =
4
3
cos x = 1 or cos2 x =
4

cos x = 1 or cos2 x = cos2
6

x = 2n or x = n ±  B,C,D ]
6

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20. (ABCD)
sec x tan x cos x sin x
(A) We have f(x) =  , g(x) = 
cos x cot x sec x cosec x
k
Clearly both f(x) and g(x) are identical functions as x   k  I.
2

(B) As x2 – 4x + 5 = (x – 2)2 + 1 > 0

Hence f(x) = 1  x  R.
 
Also cos2 x + sin2  x   > 0
 2
Hence g(x) = 1  x  R.
 f(x) and g(x) are identical.
2
(C) f(x) = eln( x 3x 3) 2
2  3 3
As x + 3x + 3 =  x    > 0  x  R.
 2 4
Hence f(x) = x2 + 3x + 3  x  R.
 f(x) is identical to g(x).
sin x

cos x 2 cos 2 x
(D) We have f(x) = , g(x) =
sec x cosec x cot x
k
Clearly both f(x) and g(x) are identical functions as x   k  I. ]
2

21. (AB)
We have 2 tan21 tan22 tan23 + tan21 tan22 + tan22 tan23 + tan23 tan21 = 1
on dividing throughout by tan21 tan22 tan23, we get
 2 + cot2 3 + cot2 1 + cot2 2 = cot2 1 cot2 2 cot2 3
on using identity, cot2  = (cosec2  – 1)
 cosec2 1 + cosec2 2 + cosec2 3 – 1 = (cosec2 1 – 1) (cosec2 2 – 1) (cosec2 3 – 1)
on multiplying and cancelling common terms on b.t.s.,
 cosec21 cosec22 + cosec22 cosec23 + cosec23 cosec21 = cosec22 cosec22 cosec23
On dividing throughout by cosec21 cosec22 cosec23,
we get sin2 1 + sin2 2 + sin2 3 = 1
 1  cos 21   1  cos 2 2   1  cos 23 
or     =1
 2   2   2 
 cos 21 + cos 22 + cos 23 = 1
 Options (A) and (B) are correct. ]

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