Online Soot Measurement –

AVL Micro Soot Sensor

Measurement and Functional Principle

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Measurement and Functional Principle

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Measurement and Functional Principle

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Micro Soot Sensor for Test Cell and mobile Use

ƒ R&D Application (test cell and in-

vehicle)
ƒ Optimization of combustion and
exhaust aftertreatment system

ƒ DPF Efficiency testing

ƒ Durability and lifecycle testing

ƒ Cold start optimization (also GDI)

ƒ Filter loading, filter regeneration

strategy

ƒ In-Use Conformity testing (in-

vehicle)
ƒ In-Use Conformity Testing (U. S.)

ƒ In-Service Conformity Testing (EU)

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Online Soot Measurement

Particle Emissions of 3 different

Diesel Cars with DPF over NDEC
cycle.
(PMP “Interlaboratory Exercise”)

background

Zero level The 483 can detect the

porous DPF and distinguish
between a good and a bad
DPF

particulate/soot emissions characteristic

inparticulate/soot
the NEDC of a emissions characteristic
DPF equipped vehicle
in the NEDC
measured of a 483
with AVL DPF equipped vehicle
measured with AVL 483
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 Evaluation of DPF Efficiency

3 times low and high idle

3 free accelerations

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Evaluation of DPF Efficiency

ETC 3 (without PM_KAT) and 5,6 (with PM_KAT)

2000
ETC 3
ETC 5
g/m3

ETC 6
1500

1000

500

0
1200 1400 1600 time(s) 1800

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 Evaluation of DPF Efficiency

MicroSoot Sensor: Soot [g/m³]

5,0

4,5
Engine out
Tailpipe
4,0

3,5
SOOT EO (MicroSS) [-]

3,0
Soot EO

2,5

2,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

0,0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800
Zeit [s]

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 Correlation - AVL Micro Soot Sensor vs.
Gravimetrie
Korrelation Correlation Soort - Thermo gravimetric
600
y = 1,011x + 8,086
2
R = 0,996
Particle m ass [m g] Therm o gravim etri

500

400

300
NetGrav - ECE
200 NetGrav - EUDC
y = 1,0348x + 11,861 EU-Gesamt
2
R = 0,9937
100
y = 1,095x + 4,213
2
R = 0,978 Linear (EU-Gesamt)
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Soot mass [mg] 483

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 Micro Soot Sensor for mobile Application

15% ESC Speed

nlo nhi
Engine Torque

NTE Control Area

70% Max Power
50% Max Power
30% Max Torque
30% Max Power ƒ Vehicle Optimization on the
Road
Engine RPM

ƒ In-Use Conformity

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CeCert Tests at University of Riverside (LA)

ƒ Correlation tests on the

road (2 weeks)

ƒ Mobile Lab, Horiba (PFSS +

EAD), Sensors PPMD (MPS,
QCM), AVL MSS

ƒ Gathering first experience

with the application and
instruments

ƒ All equipment had to be

mounted outside cab

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CeCert Tests at University of Riverside (LA)

US EPA Allowance Program (pre testing @ Ce-Cert)

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Semtech – Micro Soot Sensor SW Integration

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AVL Micro Soot Sensor

„ For DPF equipped vehicles measurements with the gravimetric

filter method show more or less data noise.

„ In contrast to the gravimetric filter method alternative methods can

discriminate between “good” and “not so good” DPF functioning.

ƒ The Micro Soot Sensor is a very sensitive alternative method,

which:

™ can quantify emissions even after DPF.

™ is calibrated versus gravimetric soot emissions.
™ shows good correlations to gravimetric measurements in
several laboratories in Europe and the US.
™ has been successfully used in the European PEMS project
™ is the DEKRA reference system.
™ was successfully tested in the CARB-UCR program.

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Measurement Solution AVL 483 - Summary

ƒ Fulfills most important

requirements for Research and
Development and in-use
Application
ƒ Test cell and mobile use

ƒ High data rate and fast response

time

ƒ Sensitive to soot only

ƒ Low detection limit

ƒ Durable to operate in high-soot

engine application

ƒ Good repeatability and correlation

to regulatory gravimetric method

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ƒ Thanks a lot for your attention!

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