C

Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units

998 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AAIW Antarctic Intermediate Water EEE eastern equine encephalitis

ACACIA A Concerted Action Towards A EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone
Comprehensive Climate Impacts and EIA environmental impact assessment
Adaptations Assessment for the European EIP extrinsic incubation period
Union ELA equilibrium line altitude
ADB Asian Development Bank ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation
AGBM Ad Hoc Group on the Berline Mandate EPIC Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator
A-O atmosphere-ocean EU European Union
APSIM Agricultural Production Systems Simulator EV equivalent variation
Model FACE Free-Air CO2 Enrichment
ARMCANZ Agriculture and Resource Management FAIR Fair Access to Insurance Requirements
Council of Australia and New Zealand FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
ART alternative risk transfer FAR First Assessment Report
BAPMoN Background Atmospheric Pollution FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
Monitoring Network FEWS NET Famine Early Warning System Network
BP before the present GARP Global Atmospheric Research Program
CALM Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring GBR Great Barrier Reef
CAP Common Agricultural Policy GCM general circulation model
CBA cost-benefit analysis GDP gross domestic product
CBAA cost-benefit absent adaptation GEF Global Environment Facility
CBWAF cost-benefit with adaptation foresight GEWEX Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
CCAMLR Commission for the Conservation of GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Antarctic Marine Living Resources GHG greenhouse gas
CCC Canadian Centre for Climate Prediction and GIS Geographic Information System
Analysis GISS Goddard Institute for Space Studies
CCSI Climate Change Sustainability Index GLASOD Global Assessment of Human-Induced Soil
CCSR Center for Climate System Research Degradation
CDM Clean Development Mechanism GLSLB Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Basin Project
CDS Conventional Development Scenario GNP gross national product
CEA cost-effectiveness analysis GPP gross primary productivity
CEE central and eastern Europe GTNet-P Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost
CEI Climate Extremes Index HAPEX Hydrologic Atmosphere Pilot Experiment
CFC chlorofluorocarbon HDI human development index
CIS Commonwealth of Independent States HIV human immunodeficiency virus
COAG Council of Australian Governments HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
CPACC Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Global HPS hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Climate Change HRI heat-related injury or illness
CPU catch per unit IAI Inter-American Institute for Global Change
CPUE catch per unit effort IAM integrated assessment model
CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial ICES International Council for the Exploration of
Research Organisation (Australia) the Seas
CV compensated variation ICLEI International Council for Local
CVM contingent valuation method Environmental Initiatives
DA decision analysis ICZM integrated coastal zone management
DAF decision analytic framework ICM integrated coastal management
DALY disability-adjusted life year IDNDR International Decade for Natural Disaster
DDC Data Distribution Centre Reduction
DES dietary energy supply IFRC-RCS International Federation of Red Cross and
DOC dissolved organic carbon Red Crescent Societies
DSE development, sustainability, and equity IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere
DTR diurnal temperature range Programme
DWR Department of Water Resources IHDP International Human Dimensions Programme
EAC East Australian Current IMAGE Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse
ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America Effect
and the Caribbean IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units 999

ISEW Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare RA risk assessment

ITCZ Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone RCM regional climate model
IWRM integrated water resources management R&D research and development
JE Japanese encephalitis REWU Regional Early Warning Unit
JI joint implementation RICC Regional Impacts of Climate Change
JJA June, July, August RMA Resource Management Act (New Zealand)
JUA Joint Underwriting Association RVF Rift Valley fever
LAC La Crosse encephalitis SADC Southern Africa Development Community
LCC land-cover change SAMW sub-Antarctic mode water
LGM last glacial maximum SAP structural adjustment program
LHB large-area herbivore biomass SAR Second Assessment Report
LUC land-use change SARP Simulation and System Analysis for Rice
MAP mean annual precipitation Production
MBIS Mackenzie Basin Impact Study SCS strategic cyclical scaling
MEI morphoedaphic index SHV snowshoe hare virus
MPI Max-Planck Institute SICA Central American Integration System
MSF Médecins sans Frontières SLE St. Louis encephalitis
MSY maximum sustainable yield SO Southern Oscillation
MSX multinucleated spore unknown SOC soil organic carbon
MVE Murray Valley encephalitis SOI Southern Oscillation Index
NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement SOM soil organic matter
NAO North Atlantic Oscillation SPC Secretariat of the Pacific Community
NAST National Assessment Synthesis Team SPCZ Southern Pacific Convergence Zone
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization SPREP South Pacific Regional Environment
NBP net biome productivity Programme
NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research SRB Senegal River basin
NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index SRES Special Report on Emissions Scenarios
NEP net ecosystem productivity SSA sub-Saharan Africa
NGO nongovernmental organization SST sea-surface temperature
NH Northern Hemisphere SWRCB State Water Resource Control Board
NIES National Institute for Environmental Studies TAR Third Assessment Report
(Japan) TBE tick-borne encephalitis
NIWA New Zealand Institute of Water and TEM Terrestrial Ecosystem Model
Atmospheric Research THC thermohaline circulation
NPDO North Pacific Decadal Oscillation TNR Toronto-Niagara Region Study
NPP net primary productivity UKCIP United Kingdom Climate Impacts
NWFP non-wood forest products Programme
NSW New South Wales UKMO United Kingdom Meteorological Office
OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and UN United Nations
Development UNCCD UN Convention to Combat Desertification
OMVS Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du UNCED UN Conference on Environment and
Fleuve Senegal Development
PACIS Pan-American Climate Information and UNCHS UN Center for Human Settlements
Applications System UNCSD UN Commission for Sustainable
PAN peroxyacetyl nitrate Development
P/C property-casualty UNDP UN Development Programme
PCB polychlorinated biphenyl UNEP UN Environmental Programme
PDO Pacific Decadal Oscillation UNFCCC UN Framework Convention on Climate
PDSI Palmer Drought Severity Index Change
PE policy exercise UN-OCHA UN Office for the Coordination of
PET potential evapotranspiration Humanitarian Affairs
PG protection guaranteed USAID U.S. Agency for International Development
PML probable maximum loss UV ultraviolet
PPP purchasing power parity V&A vulnerability and adaptation
PQLI physical quality of life index VAM Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping
P-S-I-R pressure-state-impact-responses VBD vector-borne disease
PSMSL Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level VEE Venezuelan equine encephalitis
PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder VC vectorial capacity
1000 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units

VOC volatile organic carbon WGI Working Group I

VRA Volta River Authority WGII Working Group II
WAIS West Antarctic ice sheet WGIII Working Group III
WAP western Antarctic peninsula WHO World Health Organization
WCED World Commission on Environment and WMO World Meteorological Organization
Development WN West Nile
WCRP World Climate Research Programme WTA willingness to accept payment
WEE western equine encephalitis WTP willingness to pay
WFP World Food Program WUE water-use efficiency

UNITS

SI (Systéme Internationale) Units

Physical Quantity Name of Unit Symbol

length meter m
mass kilogram kg
time second s
thermodynamic temperature kelvin K
amount of substance mole mol

Special Names and Symbols for Certain SI-Derived Units

Physical Quantity Name of SI Unit Symbol for SI Unit Definition of Unit

force newton N kg m s-2

pressure pascal Pa kg m-1 s-2 (= Nm-2)
energy joule J kg m2 s-2
power watt W kg m2 s-3 (= Js-1)
frequency hertz Hz s (cycle per second)
-1

Decimal Fractions and Multiples of SI Units Having Special Names

Physical Quantity Name of Unit Symbol for Unit Definition of Unit

length ångstrom Å 10-10 m = 10 -8cm

length micrometer µm 10-6m = µm
area hectare ha 104 m2
force dyne dyn 10-5 N
pressure bar bar 105 N m-2
pressure millibar mb 1hPa
weight ton t 103 kg