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Piston and Rings PDF
Piston and Rings PDF
Piston and Rings PDF
Page 1 of 9
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Specifications
3114, 3116 and 3126 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines
Media Number -SENR3582-16 Publication Date -01/02/2007 Date Updated -20/02/2007
i01600870
One-Piece Piston
Illustration 1 g00595557
Note: The word "FRONT" is stamped on the crown of one piece pistons (1). Install the piston with
the word "FRONT" toward the front of the engine. The front of the engine is opposite the flywheel
end. The part number on the connecting rod should be facing the rear of the engine. The rear of the
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engine is the flywheel end. Lubricate the entire piston prior to assembly into the cylinder block. Use
clean engine oil.
Illustration 2 g00595622
Typical example
Top Ring
Install the top ring with the side marked "UP-1" toward the top of the piston. The colored stripe faces
to the right of the ring end gap.
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
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Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engines
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
Intermediate Ring
Install the piston ring with the side marked "UP-2" toward the top of the piston. The colored stripe
faces to the right of the ring end gap.
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engines
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
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The oil control piston ring has a spring that is installed with the ring. The gap in the spring should be a
distance of 180 degrees from the ring end gap when the oil control piston ring is assembled. The
colored portion of the spring must be visible at the ring end gap.
Width of oil control ring groove in new piston ... 4.041 ± 0.013 mm (0.1591 ± 0.0005 inch)
Thickness of new oil control ring ... 3.982 ± 0.008 mm (0.1568 ± 0.0003 inch)
Clearance between a new piston ring groove and a new piston ring ... 0.038 to 0.080 mm (0.0015 to
0.0031 inch)
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engines
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
After all the piston rings are installed, check and rotate the rings. The rotation is necessary to separate
the end gaps in order to prevent alignment. The separation is the following amount. ... 120 degrees
Piston Pin
Piston pin bore diameter ... 40.020 ± 0.008 mm (1.5756 ± 0.0003 inch)
Piston pin diameter ... 40.000 ± 0.005 mm (1.5748 ± 0.0002 inch)
Thoroughly lubricate the piston pin with clean engine oil prior to assembly.
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Illustration 3 g00293184
Illustration 4 g00293185
Note: Assemble the connecting rod and piston group. Install the connecting rod and piston group in
the cylinder block. The part number on the connecting rod should be facing the rear of the engine. The
rear of the engine is the flywheel end of the engine. Lubricate the entire piston prior to assembly into
the cylinder block. Use clean engine oil.
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Top Ring
Install the top ring with the side marked "UP-1" toward the top of the piston. The colored stripe faces
to the right of the ring end gap.
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engines
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Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
Intermediate Ring
Install the piston ring with the side marked "UP-2" toward the top of the piston. The colored stripe
faces to the right of the piston ring end gap.
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engine
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Width of intermediate ring groove in new piston ... 3.043 ± 0.013 mm (0.1198 ± 0.0005 inch)
Thickness of new intermediate ring ... 2.980 ± 0.010 mm (0.1173 ± 0.0004 inch)
Clearance between a new piston ring groove and a new piston ring ... 0.040 ± 0.086 mm (0.0016 ±
0.0034 inch)
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Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engine
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
(5) The oil control piston ring has a spring that is installed with the ring. The gap in the spring should
be a distance of 180 degrees from the ring end gap when the oil control piston ring is assembled. The
colored portion of the spring must be visible at the ring end gap.
Width of oil control ring groove in new piston ... 4.041 ± 0.013 mm (0.1591 ± 0.0005 inch)
Thickness of new oil control ring ... 3.982 ± 0.008 mm (0.1568 ± 0.0003 inch)
Clearance between a new piston ring groove and a new piston ring ... 0.038 to 0.080 mm (0.0015 to
0.0031 inch)
The ends of the piston ring have a clearance when the piston ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.09 mm (0.0035 inch)
3126 Engines
Width of oil control ring groove in new piston ... 4.041 ± 0.013 mm (0.1591 ± 0.0005 inch)
Thickness of the new piston ring ... 3.985 ± 0.010 mm (0.1569 ± 0.0004 inch)
Clearance between the oil groove and the oil control piston ring ... 0.033 ± 0.079 mm (0.0013 ±
0.0031 inch)
The ends of the oil control piston ring have a clearance when the ring is installed in a cylinder with a
specific bore size.
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Increase in clearance between ends of piston ring for each 0.01 mm (0.0004 inch) increase in cylinder
bore size ... 0.031 mm (0.0012 inch)
After all the piston rings are installed, check and rotate the rings. The rotation is necessary to separate
the end gaps in order to prevent alignment. The separation is the following amount. ... 120 degrees
Lubricate the entire piston in zone (A) prior to assembly into the cylinder block. Use clean engine oil.
Piston pin bore diameter that is in the crown assembly ... 40.031 ± 0.007 mm (1.5760 ± 0.0003
inch)
Piston pin bore diameter that is in the piston skirt ... 40.020 ± 0.008 mm (1.5756 ± 0.0003 inch)
Piston pin diameter ... 40.000 ± 0.005 mm (1.5748 ± 0.0002 inch)
Thoroughly lubricate the piston pin with clean engine oil prior to assembly.
Copyright 1993 - 2020 Caterpillar Inc. Wed Apr 29 17:30:12 EST 2020
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