1

Course:

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

TITLE:

Psychological involvement in patients with an HIV-positive diagnosis

Presented by

DIANA CAROLINA ALVARADO ESPINOSA ID: 636924

MARGARITA QUINTERO VELANDIA ID: 620088

YULY FERNANDA QUINTERO LOPEZ ID: 648418

Teacher

JAIRO ENRIQUE MATEUS SANCHEZ

CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA MINUTO DE DIOS

UNIMINUTO-PSYCHOLOGY

Floridablanca, April 20th,20

 2

1. Introduction

In this section the researcher writes a short text where the basic aspects of the research are

described. It must include a short description of the problem, a brief justification, a short theoretical

frame and the objective of the study. Use a minimum of 300 words and a maximum of 400. Please

include at least 4 references.

 3

Problem statement

Does a positive diagnosis of HIV involve any psychological involvement, even altering the

patient’s quality of life?

It is vitally important to carry out a rapid study and a successful diagnosis of the possible

mental disorders that result in a patient with HIV AIDS. In view of the increase in HIV AIDS

cases and the fact that other problems affecting the psychological side result from the diagnosis,

the aim is to delve into the possible disorders resulting from the news of suffering from the

disease. Thus leading to improve the quality of life of the patient, since a high percentage of

people diagnosed live with fear and worry; because their first thought when receiving a positive

opinion is that they will die; they do not think about facing and carrying the disease.

The research is currently focused on the study and improvement in the physiological

field, leaving aside the importance of the mental area and the possible disorders arising from the

main diagnosis (HIV AIDS) (ARISTEGUI, 2012). Possible changes to be made to your daily

routines. In addition to high levels of impotence and frustration when they feel that they cannot

continue with plans for the future; the lack of knowledge and guidelines on how to deal with this

disease generates stress because the patient sees it as an unresolved problem. Often losing even

interest in a medical treatment, this being a trigger for the development of different mental

disorders.

When reference is made to "problem coping" we find the theory of (LAZARUS, 1986)

which tells us about the changing cognitive and behavioral efforts that are given to manage the
 4

problems we face (ESTEVEZ, 2004). Different factors are involved in each patient, such as the

family, economic and emotional environment, which affect the treatment process.

Taking into account the various aspects mentioned above, we wish to examine in greater

depth the main psychological disorders that arise in a patient diagnosed with HIV AIDS, since

few investigations have been carried out, for most are focused on improving the physiological

part; if this is achieved we would be closer to achieving a comprehensive treatment.

Research School.

In this research we will have as a base of study the thought and behavior of the patient

from the moment he receives the diagnosis "zero positive" HIV, analyzing and comparing the

before and after, contrasting the criteria that probably lead to the development of a psychological

affectation due to his illness, which is currently considered fatal if not chronic, the patient has the

medical option of an antiretroviral therapy for stability and improvement of their physical

symptoms derived from the virus.

A correct evaluation of the mental processes not observed, focusing on the cognitive

school and at the same time on the behavioral one that allows to obtain a fairly objective analysis

of the patient’s progress, his/her condition, coping and the way it entailed
 5

2. General objective

Identify the psychological impact on patients diagnosed with HIV.

 6

3. Specific objectives

1. Identify patient support network.

2. Contrast effect and changes after receiving the HIV positive diagnosis

3. Get the patient to adjust their lifestyle to this new condition.

 7

4. Justification

Currently the increase of new cases in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have

occurred in a significant way, becoming a public health problem, according to some figures at

least 39, 5 million people in the world would be infected (CUELLAR, 2017), with an increase

every day. Among the investigations carried out they take into account different aspects, mostly

related to the physical part and very few focused on the psychological part; it can be observed

that in some way there is a tendency to compare, the fact of suffering from a psychological

disorder with the possibility of contracting a disease such as HIV (SALAZAR, 2017), without

taking into account that these two diseases could be highly related.

Reducing the complications of the disease in the immune system is a daily challenge for

scientists and researchers, making it necessary to opt for a treatment that includes the

psychological part; in which the effects of the impact on people of their diagnosis are identified

on a timely basis on a case-by-case basis, this is of the utmost importance, as a result of which

they will be given appropriate accompaniment, as acceptance may vary, due to different factors

such as age, educational level, life expectancy, among others. What is true, though, is that in all

studies that have been conducted since, psychological effects have been found in patients

(CARDONA, 2015) whether temporary or permanent. It is necessary to continue with more

specific and less generalized studies in order to have a better diagnosis of the possible effects or

disorders caused by the disease in order to have greater certainty of the quality of treatment being

given to people and a possible improved acceptance of antiretrovirals for more productive

people.
 8

The impact on the nervous system of having HIV is quite high, as there are several

diseases detected, among them the encephalopathy associated with HIV or the dementia complex

of AIDS (GLASER, 2016). The idea of a research project that supports a way of responding to

the psychological effects of this complex disease continues to expand, with a vision that

integrates new ideas to act and act in the face of everything that is human.
 9

5. Hypothesis

Psychological disorders in a patient diagnosed with HIV cause great discomfort,

interfering with the well-being of the person living with a series of emotional

consequences, altering their quality of life, as it extends to the social sphere as the

experience of discrimination and tendency to isolation.

 10

6. Theoretical framework

This section can be divided in: conceptual framework, frame of reference and legal framework. It

must contain all the information that allows you to discuss theories and models about your research

problem. This section must contain a maximum of 800 words.

 11

7. METHODOLOGY

7.1 Focus

7.2 Scope

7.3 Design

7.4 Population

7.5 Sample and type of sampling

7.6 Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the sample

7.7 Instruments and techniques for collecting information

7.8 Procedure
 12

8. SCHEDULE

MONTH 1 2 3 4 5

ACTIVITY

1.

ACTIVITY

2.

ACTIVITY

3.

ACTIVITY

4.

ACTIVITY

5.

ACTIVITY

6.

ACTIVITY

7.
 13

9. BUDGET

REQUESTED
ITEM
VALUE

TECHNICAL

SERVICES

EQUIPMENT

SOFTWARE

MATERIALS

TRAVELS

OTHERS

TOTAL
 14

10. RESULTS

In this section, you must write the results of your research. Use graphics and tables to

show data. Use maximum one page.

 15

11. DISCUSSION

In this section, you have to discuss the relevance of your results and how they fit in the

current knowledge about the subject. The discussion must have maximum 500 words.
 16

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bibliografía
Arístegui, I. (NA). ABORDAJE PSICOLÓGICO DE PERSONAS CON VIH. Obtenido de Fundacion Huesped:
https://www.huesped.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Abordaje-psicologico-de-personas-
con-VIH.pdf

HERNANDEZ SAMPIERI, R. (2014). METODOLOGIA DE LA INVESTIGACION. Nomos S.A.

L.Gallego Deike, M. V.-V. (11 de 11 de 2001). SCIELO. Obtenido de Trastornos mentales en pacientes
infectados por el virus: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0212-
71992001001100010

ONUSIDA 2019 DIRECTRICES. (s.f.). Obtenido de Monitoreo Global del sida 2020:
https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/global-aids-monitoring_es.pdf

VERA ESTEVEZ, M. D. (05 de 2004). Los modelos de la mente, psicología del pensamiento y de las
emociones. Obtenido de La teoría del afrontamiento del estrés de Lazarus y los modelos
cognitivos: http://www.moldesmentales.com/otros/mar.htm

CARDONA, D. V. (2015). BIBLIOTECA VIRTUAL EN SALUD. Obtenido de Depresión y factores asociados en

personas viviendo con VIH: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/es/biblio-845251

CUELLAR, N. C. (2017). INFORME DE EVENTO VIH7SIDA . Obtenido de INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD:

https://www.ins.gov.co/buscador-eventos/Informesdeevento/VIH-SIDA%202017.pdf

GLASER, E. (20 de DICIEMBRE de 2016). NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE.
Obtenido de Complicaciones neurológicas del SIDA:
https://espanol.ninds.nih.gov/trastornos/Complicaciones_Neurologicas_del_SIDA.htm

SALAZAR, L. M. (2017). Trastornos neuropsiquiátrico en la poblaciòn con VIH. COLOMBIA: REDALYC.

17