PHYSICAL EDUCATION

School Based Assessment

2020

Name of Candidate: Kalayma Gritten

Candidate Number: 0900860103

Name of School: The Guyana Education Trust College

Centre #: 090086

Name of Teacher: Sir Franklin

Territory: Guyana
Title Page

Year: 2020

Subject: Physical Education

Candidate #: 0900860103

Candidate name: Kalayma Gritten

Title of the Project: Mashramani Sports and Game Competition

Name of Teacher: Sir Franklin

Introduction

This SBA consists of relevant information on three kind of sports Dancing, football and Cricket. There is
history on the sports, how the sport is played, equipment's used when playing the sport, rules to be
applied when playing the sport and famous persons, themes who take part in the sport.
Acknowledgement

The researcher would like to thank the teacher for assisting her throughout this SBA. Secondly the
researcher would like to thank her parents for providing the necessary equipment's to do this SBA.
Contents
History of Cricket.........................................................................................................................................7
Clothing and Equipment..............................................................................................................................8
Basic gameplay: bowler to batsman............................................................................................................9
Rules of Football........................................................................................................................................10
Football.....................................................................................................................................................13
Equipment's...............................................................................................................................................14
Rules..........................................................................................................................................................15
Dance.........................................................................................................................................................17
Rules..........................................................................................................................................................18
The Ten Types of Dance.............................................................................................................................19
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................21
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................................22
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a
field at the Centre of which is a 20-metre (22-yard) pitch with a wicket at each
end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps.

History of Cricket
It is generally believed that cricket originated as a children's game in the south-
eastern counties of England, sometime during the medieval period. Although
there are claims for prior dates, the earliest definite reference to cricket being
played comes from evidence given at a court case in Guildford on Monday, 17
January 1597 (Julian calendar; equating to 30 January 1598 in the Gregorian
calendar). The case concerned ownership of a certain plot of land and the court
heard the testimony of a 59-year-old coroner, John Derrick, who gave witness
that:[5][6][7]
Given Derrick's age, it was about half a century earlier when he was at school and
so it is certain that cricket was being played c. 1550 by boys in Surrey.[7] The view
that it was originally a children's game is reinforced by Randle Cotgrave's 1611
English-French dictionary in which he defined the noun "crosse" as "the crooked
staff wherewith boys play at cricket" and the verb form "crosser" as "to play at
cricket. In Samuel Johnson's Dictionary, he derived cricket from "cryce, Saxon, a
stick".[5] In Old French, the word "criquet" seems to have meant a kind of club or
stick.[10] Given the strong medieval trade connections between south-east
England and the County of Flanders when the latter belonged to the Duchy of
Burgundy, the name may have been derived from the Middle Dutch (in use in
Flanders at the time) "krick"(-e), meaning a stick (crook).[10] Another possible
source is the Middle Dutch word "krickstoel", meaning a long low stool used for
kneeling in church and which resembled the long low wicket with two stumps
used in early cricket.[11] According to Heiner Gillmeister, a European language
expert of Bonn University, "cricket" derives from the Middle Dutch phrase for
hockey, met de (krik ket)sen (i.e., "with the stick chase").
Clothing and Equipment

The wicket-keeper and the batsmen wear protective gear because of the
hardness of the ball. Protective clothing includes pads (designed to protect the
knees and shins), batting gloves or wicket-keeper's gloves for the hands, a safety
helmet for the head and a box for male players inside the trousers (to protect the
crotch area).[81] Some batsmen wear additional padding inside their shirts and
trousers such as thigh pads, arm pads, rib protectors and shoulder pads. The only
fielders allowed to wear protective gear are those in positions very close to the
batsman (i.e., if they are alongside or in front of him), but they cannot wear
gloves or external leg guards.[75]
Subject to certain variations, on-field clothing generally includes a collared shirt
with short or long sleeves; long trousers; woolen pullover (if needed); cricket cap
(for fielding) or a safety helmet; and spiked shoes or boots to increase traction.
The kit is traditionally all white and this remains the case in Test and first-class
cricket but, in limited overs cricket, team colours are worn instead.
Basic gameplay: bowler to batsman
During normal play, thirteen players and two umpires are on the field. Two of the
players are batsmen and the rest are all eleven members of the fielding team.
The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at the wicket with the bat,
while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this and dismiss each player
(so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits
the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side catching the ball after
it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground. When ten players have been
dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by
two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee in international matches.
They communicate with two off-field scorers who record the match's statistical
information.
Rules of Football

 A match consists of two 45 minutes halves with a 15

minute rest period in between.
 Each team can have a minimum off 11 players (including 1
goalkeeper who is the only player allowed to handle the
ball within the 18 yard box) and a minimum of 7 players
are needed to constitute a match.
 The field must be made of either artificial or natural grass.
The size of pitches is allowed to vary but must be within
100-130 yards long and 50-100 yards wide. The pitch must
also be marked with a rectangular shape around the
outside showing out of bounds, two six yard boxes, two 18
yard boxes and a center circle. A spot for a penalty placed
12 yards out of both goals and center circle must also be
visible.
 The ball must have a circumference of 58-61cm and be of
a circular shape.
 Each team can name up to 7 substitute players.
Substitutions can be made at any time of the match with
each team being able to make a maximum of 3
substitutions per side. In the event of all three substitutes
being made and a player having to leave the field for injury
the team will be forced to play without a replacement for
that player.
 Each game must include one referee and two assistant
referee’s (linesmen). It’s the job of the referee to act as
time keeper and make any decisions which may need to be
 made such as fouls, free kicks, throw ins, penalties and
added on time at the end of each half. The referee may
consult the assistant referees at any time in the match
regarding a decision. It’s the assistant referee’s job to spot
offside’s in the match (see below), throw ins for either
team and also assist the referee in all decision making
processes where appropriate.
 If the game needs to head to extra time as a result of both
teams being level in a match then 30 minutes will be
added in the form of two 15 minute halves after the
allotted 90 minutes.
 If teams are still level after extra time then a penalty
shootout must take place.
 The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to constitute
as a goal.
 For fouls committed a player could receive either a yellow
or red card depending on the severity of the foul; this
comes down to the referee’s discretion. The yellow is a
warning and a red card is a dismissal of that player. Two
yellow cards will equal one red. Once a player is sent off
then they cannot be replaced.
 If a ball goes out of play off an opponent in either of the
side lines then it is given as a throw in. If it goes out of play
off an attacking player on the base line then it is a goal
kick. If it comes off a defending player it is a corner kick.
Football
Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal.
Unqualified, the word football normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the
word is used. Sports commonly called football include association football (known as soccer in some
countries); gridiron football (specifically American football or Canadian football); Australian rules
football; rugby football (either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic football.[1][2] These various
forms of football are known as football codes.

In 1888, The Football League was founded in England, becoming the first of many professional football
competitions. During the 20th century, several of the various kinds of football grew to become some of
the most popular team sports in the world.
Equipment's
Equipment worn by most football players include helmet, shoulder pads, gloves, shoes, and thigh and
knee pads, a mouthguard, and a jockstrap or compression shorts with or without a protective cup. Neck
rolls, elbow pads, hip pads, tailbone pads, rib pads.

Famous football clubs

Manchester United F.C

FC Barcelona

Manchester City FC

Juventus FC

Real Madrid C.F

FC Bayern

Famous football players include

Christiano Ronaldo

Lionel Messi

Neymar

Paul Pogba

Mohamed Salah
Rules
Two teams of usually between 11 and 18 players; some variations that have fewer players (five or more
per team) are also popular.

A clearly defined area in which to play the game.

Scoring goals or points by moving the ball to an opposing team's end of the field and either into a goal
area, or over a line.

Goals or points resulting from players putting the ball between two goalposts.

The goal or line being defended by the opposing team.

Players being required to move the ball—depending on the code—by kicking, carrying, or hand-passing
the ball.

Players using only their body to move the ball

Dance
Dance is a form of art that is made by purposefully recreating selected sequences
of human motion, which can be imbued with the values of aesthetic and
symbolism that are acknowledged by both performers and observers from within
the particular culture. The dance itself can be freeform or can have a predefined
choreography that may or may not align with traditions of origin or historical
period.
History
The earliest findings have pinpointed the origins of ancient dances in 9000-year-
old India or 5300-year-old Egypt, but the records more common infusion of dance
into a modern culture can be found from Ancient Greece, China, and India. All
these old dances evolved, eventually morphing into a wide variety of Roman and
European medieval dances, traditional Chinese dances, Hindi and other traditional
dances, respectively. After the arrival of European Renaissance, the history of
music and dance exploded with the new additions to song and dance. Ease of
travel and immigration to the new world brought these dances into the mix with
many native cultures of the New World, forging countless new dance types that
are still popular to this day.
The words "dance" and "dancing" come from an old German word "danson,"
which means "to stretch." All dancing is made up of stretching and relaxing. The
muscles are tensed for leaping and then relaxed as we make what we hope will be
a gentle and graceful landing. Dancing must be organized; it is not enough to
jump around the floor with anger or excitement. Dancing is a way of expressing
one's emotions through a succession of movements disciplined by rhythm
Rules
These are Rules for Competition

 One performer is allowed to make a solo dance in more than one competition
 In one competition, the solo performer is not allowed to repeat the same style twice
 Ballet routine should not contain acrobatic styles
 While doing a prop, the feet of the performer should not go above six feet
The Ten Types of Dance
 Ballet
 Tap
 Jazz
 Modern
 Lyrical
 Hip hop
 Contemporary
 Highland dancing
 Line dancing
 Irish dancing
Conclusion
To conclude, all sports are played different and have different rules.
Bibliography
PE to 16……………………………………………………………………………………………… Fountain.S Goodwill.L