Explain the application of Bruner’s and learning discovery theory in teaching Araling

Panlipunan

Bruner concerned with how knowledge is represented and organized through different modes
of thinking or representation such as the action-based, image-based and language based.
Bruner’s theory also suggests that a learner even of a very young age is capable of learning any
material so long as the instruction is organized.
In teaching Araling Panlipunan in Elementary applying the Bruner’s learning discovery theory,
even in a young age they can learn the lesson through the use of different modes of thinking
representation by the AP teachers. Such as in action-based or the other term as application part
of the lesson the use of balitaan, debate, dramatization, and other group activities. The teacher
can also use the image-based by using learning materials such as pictures , drawings and
videos.Language-based representation is also used through discussion and recitation of the
learners.

Construct/Cite 1 example in teaching Government/ History in the creative and thinking

problem solving

Lesson: Mga Uring Panlipunan sa Luzon at Visayas

Maginoo, Maharlika, Timawa at Alipin

Activity : Treasure Hunting

Instruction:
1. The pupils will find a hidden treasure (card with picture of diamond, gold and gems and
written answer) inside the classroom.
2. The hidden treasure to look by the pupils is based on the assigned treasure for their
group that they will look for example diamond, gold, gems
3. The members of each group will look for the assigned treasure hidden in different
corners of the classroom as fast as they can and answer the given questions in their
treasure in order to win.
4. Each group have the same number of treasure to find but of different location to find in
the classroom.
5. The group that will finish finding their complete treasure and answer the given
questions in the earliest time will be declared as the winner
Treasure to find :
Diamond - these are Maginoo, each diamond have written characteristics of the Maginoo
The questions to be answered : Anong Uri ng Tao sa lipunan ang may katangian ng
hawak ninyong diyamante?
Gold – these are the maharlika each gold have written characteristics of the maharlika people
Question: Anong Uri ng Tao sa lipunan ang nilalarawan ng nasa kayamanang ginto?

Gems - these are Alipin, each gems have written characteristics pertaining to Alipin
Question : Anong uri ng Tao sa Lipunan ang inilalarawan sa hawak ninyong mga gems?

Illustrate a conceptual approach in teaching:

a. History
b. Government

In Conceptual approach in teaching the flow of ideas from facts to conceptual schemes is from
simple to complex allowing students to organize their thoughts from bits of information to
larger cognitive level. Students should be given lots of opportunities to read, write and listen to
expose them to as many situations as possible and lead them to categorize information.
History
CONCEPTUAL SCHEMES
FACT
Early Civilization- appeared in major valleys, it developed urbanization
World history has major historical time periods
and complexity without outside influence

Classical Period- Period of cultural history between the century BC and

the 6th Century AD centered on Mediterrenean
CONCEPTS sea

Dark Ages-
Early refers toClassical
Civilization, the period between
Period, the fallMiddle
Dark Ages, of theAges,
Roman Empire
Renaissance
and the Renaissance: the 5th – 14th centuries. This period saw little
scientific and cultural advancement.
GENERALIZATION
Middle Ages- is generally believed to have started with the fall of the
RomanWorld
Empirehistory
in 476has
andmajor
to have lasted about
historical 1,000 years
time periods untilEarly
namely; about
1450.Civilization,
Declining morals,
Classicalpublic corruption,
Period, Dark Ages, unemployment, inflation,
Middle Ages, Renaissance
urban decay and increased military spending are a few of the theories
cited.
PRINCIPLE
Renaissance – It was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic,
Each historical
political periods“rebirth”
and economic summarizes significant
following eras inAges.
the Middle the history of the
Generally
world and
described asits development
taking place from from
the the
14thancient
centuryworld to17th
to the the present
century,daythe
Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature
and art.
 Government

FACT
The government of the Philippines has three interdependent branches

CONCEPTS
Legislative Branch
 Executive Branch
Judicial Branch

GENERALIZATION
The government of the Philippines has three interdependent
branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the
judicial branch

PRINCIPLE
The legislative, executive and judicial branches keep each other in line and prevent one branch
of the government from becoming more powerful than the others. To ensure the government
is effective and citizens' rights are protected, each branch has its own powers and
responsibilities, including working with the other branches.

CONCEPTUAL SCHEMES
Legislative Branch- is vested in the Congress of the Philippines which consists of the Senate of
the Philippines and the House of Representatives.
Executive Branch- The highest official is elected separately from the President by popular
vote. The Vice President is first in line to succession if the President resigns, is impeached or
dies. The Vice President is usually, though not always, a member of the president's cabinet. If
there is a vacancy in the position of vice-president, the President will appoint any member of
Congress (usually a party member) as the new Vice President. The appointment must then
be validated by a three-fourths vote of the Congress.
Judicial Branch - is vested in the Supreme Court of the Philippines and lower courts
established by law. The Supreme Court, which has a Chief Justice as its head and 14 Associate
Justices, occupies the highest tier of the judiciary. The justices serve until the age of 70. The
justices are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar
Council of the Philippines.

Discuss the following:

1. Importance of learning theory in teaching social studies in elementary grades.
 Learning Theory describes how students absorb, process, and retain knowledge
during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior
experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed
and knowledge and skills retained.
The teaching of Social Studies in elementary grades is expected to contribute to
the development of wholistically developed citizen who is aware and knowledgeable of
and critically analyzes current social issues and concerns in the local and global level.
Teaching Social Studies is education for citizenship.
The importance of learning theory in teaching social studies in elementary grades is that
the elementary grades should need to absorb the concepts or knowledge in order to
learn that is why it is very important that the teaching process to be done by the
teachers should be effective and efficient in order for them to retain the knowledge on
their students. Effective teaching strategies must be carefully selected based on the
learning needs of each learners. Through Learning theory teaching the elementary
grades learner will be described and by this they can evaluate and assess whether the
teaching process undertaken and the teaching strategies used is effective that the
learners able to acquire the knowledge or the competencies to learn. Cognitive,
emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experiences of the elementary
grades must be elicited in order for the effective learning process to happen.

2. Role of methods, approaches and strategies in teaching history and government

A teaching method comprises the principles and methods used by teachers to enable
student learning. These strategies are determined partly on subject matter to be taught and
partly by the nature of the learner.
An approach is a way of looking at teaching and learning. ... An approach gives rise to
methods, the way of teaching something, which use classroom activities or techniques to help
learners learn.
Teaching strategies refer to methods used to help students learn the desired course
contents and be able to develop achievable goals in the future. Teaching strategies identify the
different available learning methods to enable them to develop the right strategy to deal with
the target group identified.
The role of method, approach and strategies is very important in teaching history and
government. Success or failure of teaching depends on its methods, approach and teaching
strategies. These should be according to the needs and interests of learners in order to teach
history and government effectively to the students.

Is there any difference between Cooperative Learning and Collaborative learning?

In Collaborative learning, students progress personally, while collectively working towards a
common goal. Students are accountable to one another and, with appropriate direction, will
self-manage this. Pupils learn to better understand and anticipate difference, recognise it in
themselves and others, and use it to their advantage.
A typical collaborative learning process:

1. Students organise their efforts between themselves (group-structured)

2. Students source material to help them complete the activity
3. The activity is not monitored by the teacher (although they can help when assistance is
requested by the group)
4. Students assess their own individual and group performance
5. Success depends on individual strengths
While the Cooperative learning, like the cast and crew of a theatre production, co-
operation involves interdependence. Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined but are
open for negotiation. This method of collaboration brings with it a strong sense of
accountability.
In contrast to collaborative learning, a cooperative learning structure takes the following
form:
1. Activities are structured with each student assigned a specific role (teacher-structured)
2. Teachers supply information for students to read and analyse (or let pupils know where
this info can be found)
3. Teachers observe, listen and intervene where necessary
4. Students submit work at the end of lesson for evaluation/assessment
5. The success of the group depends upon the efforts of everyone involved

What is Assessment for Learning Strategies?

is an strategies to teaching and learning that creates feedback of the learning strategies being
used which is then used to improve students' performance
Assessment is a powerful process that can either optimise or inhibit learning, depending on
how it is applied and how it address the learning needs of the students.

What are the purpose in assessing the pupils performance in elementary grades?
The purpose of assessing the pupils performance in elementary grades is to gather relevant
information about student performance or progress, or to determine student interests to make
judgments about their learning process. After receiving this information, teachers can reflect on
each student’s level of achievement, as well as on the evaluation of teaching strategies they are
using whether these can really address their learning needs and able to achieved the desired
learning competencies.

List at least 5 topics for History and Government from Curriculum Guide

History

BAITANG MARKAHAN NILALAMAN CODE PAMANTAYAN SA

PAGKATUTO
BAITANG 2 IKALAWANG 1.Ang Kwento ng AP2KNNIIa- Nakakapagsalaysay
MARKAHAN Pinagmulan ng 1 ng pinagmulan ng
Komunidad sariling komunidad
batay sa mga
pagsasaliksik,
pakikinig sa
kuwento ng mga
nakakatanda sa
komunidad atbp.
BAITANG 3 IKALAWANG 2. A. Ang mga AP3KLRIIa- 1.Nauunawaan ang
MARKAHAN Kwento ng Aking b-1 kasaysayan ng
Rehiyon kinabibilangang
1. Pinagmulan at rehiyon
mga 1.1 Naisalaysay ang
Pagbabago pinagmulan ng
sariling
lalawigan at mga
karatig
na lalawigan sa
pamamagitan ng
malikhaing
pagpapahayag at
iba
pang likhang sining
Baitang 5 IKALAWANG Mga dahilan AP5PKEIIb- Nakabubuo ng
MARKAHAN ngEspanya 3 timeline ng
 sa pananakop ng mga paglalakbay ng
Pilipinas Espanyol sa
Pilipinas
hanggang sa
pagkakatatag
ng Maynila at mga
unang
engkwentro ng mga
Espanyol at Pilipino

Kilusang AP6PMK- . Nasusuri ang mga

BAITANG 6 UNANG Propaganda Id-6 pangyayari sa
MARKAHAN , himagsikan laban
Katipunan sa
at kolonyalismong
Himagsikan Espanyol
(1815-1901) 6.1 Sigaw
saPugad-Lawin
6.2 Tejeros
Convention
6.3 Kasunduan sa
Biak-na-Bato
Baitang 5 IKATLONG Mga dahilan ng AP5PKEIIb- Nakabubuo ng
MARKAHAN Espanya 3 timeline ng
sa pananakop ng mga paglalakbay
Pilipinas ng
Espanyol sa
Pilipinas
hanggang sa
pagkakatatag
ng Maynila at mga
unang
engkwentro ng
mga
Espanyol at
Pilipino

Government

BAITANG MARKAHAN NILALAMAN CODE PAMANTAYAN SA

PAGKATUTO
BAITANG UNANG Ang Pambansang AP4PABIIIa- Natatalakay ang
4 MARKAHAN Pamahalaan 1 kahulugan
 at kahalagahan ng
pam pambansang
pamahalaan

BAITANG UNANG Mga AP4PABIIIa- Natatalakay ang

4 MARKAHAN kapangyarihan ng b-2 kapangyarihan ng
mga sangay tatlong sangay ng
pamahalaan
(ehekutibo,
lehislatura at
hudikatura

hudi
IKAAPAT IKATLONG Ang AP4PABIIIf- Nasusuri ang
NA MARKAHAN Pamahalaa g-6 mga
BAITANG n at paglilingkod ng
Serbisyong pamahalaan
Panlipunan upang
matugunan ang
pangangailangan
ng bawat
mamamayan
IKAAPAT IKATLONG Ang AP4PABIIIh- Nasusuri ang
NA MARKAHAN Pamahalaa 7 tungkulin ng
BAITANG n at pamahalaan na
Serbisyong itaguyod
Panlipunan ang karapatan
ng bawat
mamamayan
IKAAPAT IKATLONG Ang AP4PABIIIj- Nasusuri ang
NA MARKAHAN Pamahalaa 9 iba’t ibang
BAITANG n at paraan ng
Serbisyong pagtutulungan
Panlipunan ng pamahalaang
pambayan,
pamahalaang
panlalawigan at
iba pang
tagapaglingkod
ng
pamayanan
Lesson Plan
Semi Detailed Lesson Plan
History
Government

Tagalog Lesson Plan

History/ Government