Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Recent Advancements in Emission Reduction For Diesel Vehicles Using Non Thermal Plasma Activation
Recent Advancements in Emission Reduction For Diesel Vehicles Using Non Thermal Plasma Activation
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Fig 1
Basically the idea behind our selection of topic is to reduce the emission coming out of the vehicle to satisfy the upcoming
BS6 emission norms.
The defined area of surfaces is managed by varying calcination of HSSA MnO2 filter is accomplished by using
the concentration of tricarboxylic acid.The absorption a furnace. The quantity of supported high specific surface
performance result of sulphur dioxide is measured using a area manganese dioxide was limited to approximately 45 to
thermogravimetry device.It is found from the experiment 50 g/L to remove the impact of surface dispersal defiance
that the absorption performance of SO2 is increased by on the performance of gas refining .
increasing the surface area. With an expanse area of 320
m2/g,other experiments were conducted since it is found to V. RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE
be a standard value. The results obtained from the EXPERIMENT
experiments showed that high specific surface area
manganese dioxide comprises an average pore diameter of The quality of air is maintained by desulfurization by
52 Å and a particle diameter of 3.0μm. using DeSOx filters . The DeSOx filter is investigated and
also it captures sulphur at minimal temperature. To
The production of a counterfeit diesel gas is controlled establish this, high specific surface area manganese dioxide
by a gas controlling unit c i.e. a high specific surface area was mainly focussed . The effectiveness of sulphur dioxide
manganese dioxide filter and the concentration after passing in capturing solo particles and the sulphur reduction
through the high specific surface area manganese dioxide advanced attributes of high specific surface area manganese
filter is measured by using an electrically actuated dioxide in a stuffed package under large space velocity and
chemical gas analyser. The NO, SO2 and NO2 proportions minimal conditions of temperature were studied. The
were analysed using this electrically actuated chemical gas following is the understanding obtained from this study:
analyzer .The ozone is generated by using a dielectric
barrier discharge unit. The concentration of ozone was The high space surface area manganese dioxide filter
measured by using KI reduction titration method involving is excellent at capturing sulphur dioxide. SO2 is captured at
Na2S2O3. The neutralization of outflowing gas is done and a rate of 1.2 103 lgSO2/ (gMnO2 min) at 270 C is found in a
the H2O2 solution is used to collect them. thermogravimetry experiment. At minimal temperature
conditions, it is understood that rate of reaction of sulphur
High Specific Surface Area(HSSA) MnO2 filter : dioxide depends on reaction inside the element.Under large
The gas purification performance is analysed by using space velocity condition 99% percent of SO2 is captured.
an MnO2 honeycomb filter in the setup under large space For deep sulphur reduction the process has enough reaction
velocity conditions by assuming practical onboard usage rate of sulphur dioxide. This material has a maximum
for transports. Al2O3 honeycomb filter is augmented with absorption rate of enough sulphur dioxide in order to
HSSA MnO2 filter . The diameter of this filter is taken to be encapsulate higher quantities of sulphur dioxide gas. In
30 mm, thickness of the filter as 835mm, and the surface order to achieve deep sulphur reduction at minimal
thickness of Al2O3 was 0.45 mm in a square shaped duct. temperature and under large space velocity conditions, the
The base of Al2O3 filter was immersed into the damp reaction rate of the component needs to be enhanced.
solution of high specific surface area manganese dioxide
and Al2O3 as the binding component. At 473 K ,the
Fig 5
Fig 6
The NOx reduction reactions by involving Plasma enough to make any drastic change in concentrations of
technology can be considered in couple of main divisions nitrogen oxide. NO is oxidised to NO2 because of the
.Here NOx molecules can be changed to N2 and O2 presence of different active oxygen species and ozone . A
molecules under plasma state through the following more detailed study on this topic could result in more
reactions: advanced usage of ozone. NO concentration is reduced by
73 to 75% and NO2 concentration is raised by 76 to 78 %
N2 + e → N + N + e by applying the highest possible voltage at 13.6 kV while
NO + N → N2 + O conducting the experiments. On the other hand, a small
O2 + O → O3 raise in N2O concentration has been found during the
N2 + e → N2(A) + e experiments. The initial concentration of N2O was about 13
N2(A) + NO → N2 + N + O parts per million when there is nothing inside the exhaust,
N2(A) + N2O →2N2 + O and this concentration was raised to about 18 to 19 ppm
NO2 + N → N2 + O2 when applied voltage was 13.6 kV. This raise is happening
because of the reaction of NO2 with the produced N
where N2(A) denotes that N2 is in a excited state. radicals during the procedure of plasma process by the
following reaction .
In the second category, the dominant reaction is NO2 + N → N2O + O
oxidation of NO to NO2 by the following reactions:
Plasma activation on reduction of NOx (Non thermal
O2 + e → O + O + e plasma):
NO + O → NO2 The effect of NTP on NOx emission reduction is
O2 + O → O3 studied. The maximum energy density is restricted by the
NO + O3 → NO2 + O2 voltage applied at 13.4 kV to 14 kV. If the energy density is
increased a steady increase in NOx removal rate can be
References and experimental setups are taken from noted. NOx removal rate is less, while the energy density is
different literatures and combined to express our views in it changing up to 9 to 10 J/L. However, a significant increase
. in NOx removal rate has been observed when energy
density has been raised to 26-27 J/L. For the given
The impact of NTP on NOx has been noted down and configuration, the maximum NOx removal efficiency is
understood during the experiments. A Fourier transform about 20 % approximately .The total NOx reduction cannot
infrared spectroscopy gas analyser is used to analyse the be achieved fully from considering the use of plasma alone
samples. on NO, NO2 and N2O only. Other nitrogen oxides such as
NO3 and N2O5 can be formed, and they should be
The range of the applied voltages have been changed considered in the upcoming usages as these compounds
from 7.6 to 13.6 kV and NO, NO2, N2O and entire NOx could be used for various other reasons and applications .
concentration have been taken into account. The change in
the concentration can be seen to be started after 9.1 kV.
Therefore, until this point plasma has not been strong
REFERENCES