STANDARD FOR SAFETY FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT – PART 1: GENERAL

REQUIREMENTS,
IEC 60950-1 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION
IEC

Why IEC 60950-1 is needed

Who needs to comply for this standard

Device Evaluation – Who evaluates your device

Device Classification

Test Report File – TRF

IEC 60950-1 to IEC 62368-1

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

 The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a global standardization body comprising all th
e national electrotechnical committees of the IEC.
 Founded in1906
 Prepare and publish international standards for all applicable electrical, electronic and related technolo
gies
 IEC standardization work involves more than 20,000 experts from industry, trade, government, testing
and research laboratories, academics and consumer groups.
 All IEC standards are reviewed once every 5 years
SAFETY STANDARDS
WHY IEC 60950-1 IS NEEDED

 Enables manufacturer to sell the products globally

 Provides manufacturers guidance in the design of products and comply with relevant laws and regulations
 Manufacturer's compliance to 60950-1 is intended to avoid risk of injury and ensure that products work together
safely without
 Electric Shock Hazards: Accessible parts over 30Vrms, 42.4Pk, or 60VDC.
 Energy Hazards: Energy level over 240VA or 8A
 Fire Hazards: Materials, Enclosure, Abnormal conditions
 Mechanical Hazards: Moving parts, Sharp edges, Tipping, Handles
 Radiation Hazards: Lasers, UV, Sonic
 Thermal Hazards: External temps, component temps
 WHO NEEDS TO COMPLY FOR THIS STANDARD

Generic product type Specific example of generic type

Banking equipment ATMs

 Mains-powered or battery-powered information technology equipment Data and Text processing machines and Data storage equipment, Personal computers, Laptops,
associated equipment Printers, Scanners, Monitors
and associated equipment whose RATED VOLTAGE not exceeding 600 V
Routers, Bridges, Data circuit terminating equipment, Data
 External power supply units and any accessories intended to be used Data Network Equipment
Terminal equipment
with equipment within the scope part of IEC 60950
Electronic retail equipment Cash registers, POS terminals

 Designed for use as Telecommunication terminal equipment and

TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK infrastructure equipment,
regardless of the source of power
 Designed and intended to be connected directly to, or used as
infrastructure equipment in, a CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, regardless
of the source of power
Electronic office machines
Telecommunication network
infrastructure equipment
Telecommunication terminal equipment
Document shredding machines, Paper trimmers, Typewriters
Billing equipment, Multiplexers, Network powering
equipment, Network terminating equipment, Radio base
stations, Repeaters, Transmission equipment,
Telecommunication switching equipment
Key telephone systems, Modems, PABXs, Pagers, Telephones,
Mobile Phones

Photo printing equipment, Public information terminals,

Other information technology equipment
Multimedia equipment
DEVICE EVALUATION

 Regulatory and Certification service Agencies

PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION

Product

Mains Operating Over Voltage Ingress

Mobility Accessibility Equipment Class Pollution Degree Enclosures
Connection Condition Category Protection

Movable Pluggable Type A Normal Load Operator Access OVC1 Class1 PD1 IPX0 Fire enclosures

Electrical
Handheld Pluggable Type B Rated Operating Service Access OVC2 Class2 PD2 IPX1
Enclosures

Detachable Restricted Mechanical

Stationery OVC3 Class3 PD3 IP67
Power cord Access Enclosure

Permanent
Transportable OVC4 PD4 IP68 Decorative Part
Connection

Not Directly
Plugged into And as per
connected to
Building design intended
Mains

Direct Plugin

Not Directly
connected to
Mains
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Testing Particulars – Testing Laboratory, Manufacturer details,

Product classification, Product Descriptions,Variants...
 A Pass or Fail checklist for all applicable clauses for that product

 General
 Conditions for Tests
 Critical Components – Confirmity is Necessary
 Devices in the AC path (inlets, fuses, switches, power supplies, transformers,
etc.), motors, fans
 Power conversion components (AC-DC or DC-DC Converters
 Any isolation component (Transformer, Bridging Capacitors, MOVs,)
 Wiring
 Batteries
 Others depending on their application
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Power Interface – Insulation requirements

 AC Power distribution systems
 TN-C, TN-C-S, TN-S, TN/IT
 DC Power Distribution systems
 SELV, TNV-2, Hazardous Voltages

 Markings and Instructions

 Input Current
 Protection from Hazards
 Protection in operator access areas
 Access to energized parts
 Access to ELV wiring
 Energy Hazards – D.C Mains supply
 Capacitors connected to DC supply
 Internal Battery connected to DC supply
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 SELV Circuits
 Voltages under fault and normal conditions
 TNV Circuits
 Protection by basic insulation
 Protection by earthing
 Limited Power Sources
 Protective earthing
 Accessible conductive parts that can have hazardous voltages under fault conditions
 To eliminate touch current
 Functional Earthing
 Separation of functional earthing circuit by Double Insulation/ Reinforced Insulation
 Visual examination for bonding conductors
 Over Current and Earth fault protection in primary circuits
 For different equipment types
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Safety Interlocks
 Protection against hazards
 Protection against moving parts
 Fail safe operation
 Switches and Relays
 Overload Test – 6-10 cycles per minute up to 50 operating cycles with 150% of current imposed in the application
 Endurance Test - 6 to 10 cycles per minute up to 10,000 operating cycles; if reed switches then up to 1,00,000 cycles
 Electric Strength Test

 Electrical Insulation
 Material Selection
 Grade of Insulation
 Humidity Conditioning – Electric Strength Test
 Separation from Hazardous voltages
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Clearance and Creepage distances

 Working voltage
 Pollution degree
 Type of isolation
 Circuit type (primary circuit, etc.)

 The generation of a conductive path along the isolator surface due to the high voltage applied over long time is
more and depends on environmental conditions, which are described by a pollution degree
 Breakdown along a clearance path is a fast phenomenon where damage can be caused by a very short duration
impulse, maximum peak voltage, including transients
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Generally, Creepage distances are allowed to be more or equal to clearance distances.

TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Test done on Coated printed boards and coated components – Generally 3 samples of PCBs are subjected to
Thermal cycling, Humidity conditioning, Abrasion resistance tests
 For Thermal cycling,
 68 hours at T1 ± 2 °C;
 1 hour at 25 °C ± 2 °C;
 2 hours at 0 °C ± 2 °C;
 not less than 1 h at 25 °C ± 2 °C.

 T1 = Tm+Tma-Tamb+10K
 Tm dependent on material selected
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Wirings, Connections and Supply

 Wiring
 Current ratings and overcurrent protection
 Securing of internal wiring
 Protection against mechanical damage
 Screws for electrical contact
 10N force test

 Mains supply Connection

 Connection to AC/DC Mains
 Multiple supply connections
 Power supply cords
 Cord anchorages and strain reliefs
 Protection against mechanical damage – Checked by installation tests
 Washers, inlet bushings
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Cord anchorage physical test

 Disconnection from mains supply

 For equipment intended to be powered from an AC MAINS SUPPLY that is Overvoltage Category I, Overvoltage Category
II or Overvoltage Category III, or from a DC MAINS SUPPLY that is at HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE, a disconnect device shall
have a contact separation of at least 3 mm.
 TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Physical Requirements
 Stability
 Tip over when force is applied EUT
 Fall over

 Mechanical Strength
 All moving parts shall be sufficiently contained
 Steady force tests – 10N, 30N, 250N
 Impact test
 Drop test
 Handheld equipment
 Direct Plugin equipment
 Transportable
 Desktop equipment
 Movable equipment that requires lifting or handling
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Stress Relief Tests – EUT subjected to higher temperatures and EUT shall not expose to Hazardous voltage parts
 Rack mounted Equipment – Side locks to avoid slipping

 Design and Construction

 Edges and Corners
 Handles and Manual Controls- Reliable fixing, Poke-Yoke
 Securing of Parts
 TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Thermal Requirements
 Temperature limits
 Designs for openings – Preventing access to internal parts
 Use of Metallized parts
 Adhesives
 Resistance to fire
 Materials
Examples of cross-sections of designs of
 V-0,V-1,V-2 Class Materials and thickness openings preventing vertical
access
 HB40. HB75, HBF Class Materials and thickness
 Electrochemical potential – Metals (1018A Carbon steel/ABS... generally value is less than 0.6V)
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Electrical Requirements and Simulated Abnormal Conditions

 Construction of Equipment – Touch Current and Protective Conductor Current (Earth Leakage current)
 ITC < 3.5mA
 Icpc< 5% of rated input current

Sample circuit to measure Touch Current

IEC body model – RC equivalent circuit
 TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Exceptions for equipment with touch current more

than 3.5mA
 Stationery Permanent connected Equipment
 Stationary pluggable Type B equipment
 Stationary pluggable Type A equipment with single
connection to AC mains supply with separate
protective earth terminal
 Movable or Stationery pluggable Type A equipment
used in Restricted access locations
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Touch Currents in Telecommunications and Cable distribution systems

 The tests are not applied to equipment where the circuit to be connected to a TELECOMMUNICATION
NETWORK or a CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM is connected to a protective earthing terminal in the
equipment; the TOUCH CURRENT from the EUT to the TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK or the
CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM is considered to be zero.
 For equipment having more than one circuit to be connected to a TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK or a CABLE
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, the test is applied to only one example of each type of circuit.
 Terminal B of the measuring instrument is connected to the earthed (neutral) conductor of the supply. Terminal A is
connected via the measurement switch s and the polarity switch p2 to the TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK or
CABLE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM connection port.
 For single-phase equipment, the test is made in all combinations of the polarity switches p1 and p2.
 For three-phase equipment, the test is made in both positions of polarity switch p2.
 After applying each test condition, the equipment is restored to its original operating state.
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Electric Strength
 Conducted immediately after temperature test
 The voltage applied to the insulation under test is gradually raised from zero to the prescribed voltage and
held at that value for 60 s.
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Abnormal and Fault Conditions

 Operation of equipment after a failure
 Motors – Excessive Temperatures
 Transformers – Overload: Over current Protection, Thermal cut-outs, Using current limiting transformers
 Functional Insulation
 Electromechanical components
 Fault Simulation
 Short circuits/ disconnection of any components
 Overloading of connectors to maximum available output current or till trip point
 For components in PRIMARY CIRCUITS associated with the mains input, such as the supply cord, appliance
couplers, EMC filtering components, switches and their interconnecting wiring, no fault is simulated, provided
that the component complies with clearance and creepage requirements, with standing electric strength tests
for functional insulation
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE

 Unattended Equipment
 Thermostats, Temperature limits, Thermal Cutouts
 Connection to Tele-communication equipment
 Unearthed conductive parts and non-conductive parts of the equipment expected to be held or touched
during normal use (for example, a telephone handset, a keyboard or the entire exterior surface of a laptop or
notebook computer).
 Parts and circuitry that can be touched by the test finger, except contacts of connectors that cannot be touched by the test
probe
 An SELV CIRCUIT, TNV-2 CIRCUIT or a LIMITED CURRENT CIRCUIT provided for connection of other equipment. The
requirement for separation applies whether this circuit is accessible.
TRF – TEST REPORT FILE
IEC 60950-1 TO IEC 62368-1

 IEC 62368-1 is combination and extension to IEC 60065 (Audio, video and electronic equipment) &
IEC 60950-1 (IT equipment) + Safety of IoT devices
IEC 60950-1 TO IEC 62368-1

 A product safety standard that classifies energy sources, prescribes safeguards against those energy
sources, and provides guidance on the application of, and requirements for, those safeguards. The
prescribed safeguards are intended to reduce the likelihood of pain, injury and, in the case of fire,
property damage.
THANK YOU