NARRATIVE THREADS Accounting and Recounting in Andean Khipu JOE RAND TERESA LOZANO LONG SERIES IW EDITED AY JEFFREY QUILTER AND GARY URTON LATIN AMERICAW AND LATING ALT AND CULTUREFecal. 200 Recerca pace marley i kale eo ‘Remi nero Ts Pr Bor 1 Ati, TH THD (2 The oper unthinking fANSYNISO Sontag rman! en Fem Of an ie Lon ng tii Lan Ames anttaunoe sd) Tees pl eae and ak Ian oasnowo 2 lah kc pe) Quip Hey Seuee ioe _Memane 1 ule Jy, Hise Ur Gan eI Sere icc FOR Sanae pyuuePREFACE Jeffrey Quilter nf, ie fond of airs Meuron conepriic roca Ed ‘Si didin Bai, Along cur of import ener he ay ‘of Nays teophic wing ad aly teen comple he Gl Silin foney!Ayr e n , .Leled Locke pid To ‘im Qi Fron Ra ed, ice rma th bk de ‘tacag penance psn Dope ancl peomen, ovr tery oftpuhm ee rbd i cep ae Dy Tce al he ere ome bate Mayer oe had ‘Spt Gr dels by S| Ese Thon, wh though he ws of teting Coe Carry crcl amr pee Ol ke hyp ne wing henge Locke didnot hve wach idee Snes sai awk dl Teron we May ine, Be rnin hat poled ames A pac gol of soa Teequeste ta db “Ge th ays Mcp nd Anda ip owe af the er for cate cn epg pe of tet Nor Ws hy bi ‘epi ne rune 0 ply inampaion wh oer Te ‘Reo di quate nigra Ome nl cer hat ee ‘are Meroe than Adie. Th conte of ‘ern eno ho Earp dhe Unie Ss tan ‘hol he di Adee Than moana ener ato a em Stic teledo eld ay cen aly re era aay omeJens so be argu het inl eons for achat oer have pe Mesnamericn and Andean sis follwing cay extn dre tin Along Sob widening ners al of he Ameren ‘pecan Mesnmenca His leary wellasshone of other Mesouer {inst schol pioneer engendered scot eacriny of lets who “oncnsel working inthe ete ares nd on he sme problems asthe pre ‘kere hiring the nest stern of col wh al he me “Aube att tat as eel to encourage Maj stasis te ta tin Maye arand archi har a for Weernee Evan hough weno Iw dc cho the pal Sr ws ct dawn ws epprt Mea ter the discovery frie ot” whi dak ung ppl nineteenth Cenmry romani sence When the oe sc back, rie exo, “ultombe opera, Mas arts found wo he nteriou but ot eile {yprontaile, Hee were dpe men ors beeckel in elo cor {as pesforming are ta ce monke-headed wes ming wh ‘rng accoerment Albnagh dente ragoao wheter these were eh {rks the arto. trace, nd recog eps toa gener ber date ‘Pesing athe emai fh crane ancient wo cry explores found Ayes enya Ty peru ary bins pte on cc ‘eno des, bene an Sel. They wrapped theses around eels and ‘doccvay They covered he ick fa he rons ge inland ‘wre dlc pte in the fr Mays ks peered deseo by the puna The her quantity of hiro aed in Maya ew fea ‘the way tens were encased witha ade he inpessible to gro: And, not eas fal he ype were bef Tae abr ond ll tet carve te mest Fade tthe ways ia which he abo thems were crammed or arid to prods ansehen of their, naion nt hey may ari fe ob tee Maya ‘comird the ges import nd valle ‘Mays heelys were exc ad sang, bu mg argues were redemto rth igs ai, died hath siden Sir Ere Thompan slowed te corse of he yo Maya weg ere 1 ived hehe lp could nt epee an hth ony oer inferation on een and strony Thy cold nt be decipher be etc, Bec he jeter on which hy were atl was nea gual one snd he phe werent contrctd phot: Inforaton on aes dsr we of re, atin Taneon pion, sea hse {reac tpir mold not abance he wndertanding of ger ree of Mays policemen nd oer mc sh cooly be revel ough ld Toney inthe A he eps of the ip hI, he not pend othe scan sens of Weer abe lp, Sch of he ake Ia se Lg ae ght abt er tea pt thei socalnc ate ore mcr ofc, din pce he Inne sre acoso pole a ol soe, sds a ly ‘enna hI te Ms ar ben th Grek the New We ‘higgins fh ess, the Ins hr bon gen he le Of hdl soil Romar bigs agent not ring ch an ledge The igen feet cnc Wear la Tatty bee one ch oe the ldo dy othe sat haere many irene Bren Mays icp sd Ik Kip Atogh hyp colle ceed ee drnonol ts, heygenery sch into ncn on lat tna in nye I em Rite ep of ey aka ty EET ao ee ee eerie c,h pic nd hows ong epsemtral somone, ie Kip ae {SalendLinethto the mem f hep beend pak megs Ereerehthnehpie eon Ag dee arses hw ee freer imate th mal carer oft inert ne homey emg or Kaj tes ander ples th ot tons cob cbt lor deena ply por ‘ec ncomeyig informa eka ve mpc he pon sony mad May ihc be ets fei sar pipmny apm Aeersicg ‘ney etn ofc Knot stn, pp to ence ‘oot wl hoping do opel ve War atic er do he trate Masses or inene ck eared hy wer {eT pi con fe s depart for canon of he whee he Meson Satin Meteo ede better eth hss tha pepe th own fo fenton th then ned dtc ry bn hc etey er een enn sly ‘lpr Shel oad Wen, whe De at os Teale pole, Tie ste sess of fd pope el eg tranny deen Ween ner Anne it Ue wee me warn Jove —Ihe ying ing rand ger 0 ‘sort forget fd he gr’ ay pry to Mae fr ck10h etry ae of tren them The Hip were mote than sine reindrtha hey fre tpbiicted snd compere eetber important enge of is oak. These various ies have Ilr diecene perpetves on pprschng hg, Many scl prose ay tat th Mapa were convene ‘ng wth ha hess, a pu schol knew the he aka ke ute with kote arings Bat dl hey do mere than cord amber th hips? Ae hor Robert Ascher and Mans Asche pin oot intr ap teria this book amber may be interpret as magne o tis tthe noe imexpete sie a hese abel my he marae ropeticsand intone. Thay, mambots lag th ot ‘recon the color of nds and whe nents that mae p ip imal ave ee ed to cmney arte infra, Tesimereting that cyte diferencia the mare of May births sd aks Hip tes f wedertanng hon thn sya née ave ‘old around snr probes of uspetton These ierpreve po es ae ot bude ery the inert we Kip ad lr oy tome wee conse ate the wap in wick they were epaned te Spent inet the sitenth ear od oben eu Sone about and inept of what dhe Spanish i concerning ae recoding sens ‘Diego de Landa, shop of Yeti, ntevewel Maya series od bal Spenihalpa wien with wt he thought were he Mays egal of Spiers doing thi, eect dcument hat has ben ental 2 ‘deciphering Mayer bathe abo poce coson ad eat, Lands ‘zal the amumpion that Maya wit wa slg, ut is ot. Whe [ends ran en spate che ound ors leter of he Spang, be ‘Maya ibs heed whe they tose tbe a word or pend nur own sige They shen wrote down he ph fr the word o sound, nora eter “Thin cnc of Ue claton of sig to unde wis eit problem i cep sng the anda yar: Once what al happen Lan ier as riche Lands document bcs a importa ol for understanding howto ei Mapa egy i ved single ethciaie coll cod of etd ner ‘igaon of ips bt er anaberof colonial why who dics past [Power or ene ge Mock what they my un entrain Jerre ore sng indetions tat Kip did oe ingly reord mary Ie ako ep corsa pom store, her artes The eles Inechrngh n ndeoning Mays wing wes te ence f ee eto, sis now cn ead hiner and ater tex Fo Kip thong thre as een signe adancoment jn he ltt red tumbInthsboo, hve, Carle Sema Asnduran eoidsacte- fol dics ofthe remarks tte elon autor Antoo Calachs en Few toma ship ht lle sine. The epee touch we cn rape CCalatinacount bower uci, and we hay beoe the same kind of Ser ain grad concerning honesty of what Andean people wee {cling hl dhe sccoonmdstion thse people ade tallow hie ‘prem tobe uederstndabe Calan as the re with Land and is Mayasecbes ‘isersteclng Kip dhs involves nol Sade and examining col i aces aoa knoe eons were dead sed Bt elo “ting hw we hl sept thn counts hen found. Arete ap- orolyconadcory and wc heuer of Wp duet kof fell ndentnding coli stor of ow ipa work ar do at lessee of the lier counts expres vations ng ipa ches? Ad W theese of aati nd the demnration of copes Eig, the ate of standart vere idee in Kip the thd hee fb book Abhough wen tems con okra erin degre of de “no fom some tnd ech aint pling of words Beth a6 {ppd wo Ameria Engl, thee mat be peer etercommoniaiiry {ering t,o es the sae with May gig Fr Ep o apron tren wine tanh hey tao bate een ato bee ae ‘han a els ‘ny ofthe impo advances inthe stay of Maa iris = camel sto though the agency of Duara Oaks. In eh en, Sere appropri to bl mtn bree the ia fay A {tam hip, Gay Urton aa thes anand meting olen chk tthe pic at Duntaron ns in el 97 Many he chapters in this taka ved vrs papers gen ning hat mtg am ees are seventies he bk apes wih wo aptersnendd 9 provide te ele with tno tril In he ft hate, Gary Un evi esory of {hp sets hegning with acount from tly Spanish conc and ‘donsnts:Ronloen How fling coon of maa in ern ‘emprary Quer sons delish re role language sd lings ti lc bold for depron The sd of Cope was ec for the eal deipet of Egan helps and aye sais lan itl fr any yo bene the ert aera eattion deiil Jo utr ‘pede the ayo contemporary Mayan langage ad ined worked po smaiyom sing the reo heey solely asi epeesenaions "Ths emphasing gig dir nthe megane of Kp my be crite forFtureavanes in decierment bog aerate appencer ‘ilumiorbedly we at on onerous oma, wwe ‘Wille Colin dace neta echnical oping theory forthe organ lnfrmaton ante. cng rex. ‘Rona hort pepetvs pve in the cote of Ma (ss Ascher a Rbert Auer, wth the former cag ub th ‘magitudes and ewe he later explores bow expen ad dc herent may hve a performed on tip with depending ety langage mining common fener arta i hw communes 3 tem deepal change wil important in far wor, dace ay ‘onsribton. Gary Ut lk at ich arbi o Ku nse ‘eco chaps comparing Gatco del Neg corti ht oft las oF known n-ne pt Ctl Sent Asari preven Sight on another clone commento hips, Aton Cans, ated ‘hove A ted clan wee, Bs Valera, dco in Stine Hynde ‘tribution Tolorng the iacusions aid on cob ours dein hp Ja ce of capes on ips wae inthe ae er Tein Pla oes ‘cov fe fe eyennet counts tip inci pube etting and Regis Haerzon form on rari and Bhp inthe are of competing et smbgous regions cies. “The chaps ofthe net ction dons ha hp aril itl pots ‘of rave Andean cle, The courts by Frank Sn and Card Mackay eel the ck sores of normaio avai on the aineance of pei pics for Ki tthe Ander ei te coining we of kate. ‘ing recep (Gury Uren and Lance ober author rps inthis ollestion hope ‘hac ths bok wil ot oly tinh + been ip ae a vo ulate «wider inert meting thse atria, Conieing Catan smathemmti nfrmaton theory a eter ol ‘ald with contr sofa, and communion tchloy.esaly {Fe sold spel many who are chalege an igi hy pole ‘obi: Perhaps ti bok wil wimaae sree co be the Jean reget ‘Charepolion of tips “Toa fors Champlin of he hi mpi thar someone ca esc” the code of he nos in hme wy hth pat Roch Egy lea behvough i undeonigEqyptan Merl But = pov con ed gyno «Bos bagi rt. End co pwn cole st ch esha Geis a ly Sophos kw chip vay de Ide way ne fig mellem enced sd wl of pec coe cnting ow vile los anal he mies ofthe pu? We oe ach 20 at ysge imenipvon ony oping ogee ott iad {Suny The aninen elf docrente te eno sae nd he ‘llon otal ingens New Welsh knw, There Bp ee or ery de of oe Es (cic, corps of sow fede wich dosnt wd ‘Secs ly, wo eves nant erence or alfonso Nocodecon crack chips rnd tle herr ont rach he heb sheite id ‘She hat we balan x eins of wha we may owe bon th cermpe andi promo ctr Lepage Hy ht tito deed pt nd fh wey ae ey wl ‘ror stance than hy ton ch ening eit ak pi ten toate tthe sth sore th nas of Anta tp, iil hoe red helt ry vl ded Fars tromh so ecetg ano fhe ry o eins of ashes hel DC, Bring lps Ca Land sa vn mean a, 38,PART One BACKGROUND FOR THE STUDY OF KHIPU AND QUECHUA NARRATIVESAn Overview of Spanish Colonial Commentary on Andean Knotted-String Records ONE Gary Urn ntroouction (Onc of he meat nrg, ye enigmatic tudy perining to pre. (Colnbisncrations of he Aes concee the evs Loma the pe (Quen or chi Ayr: Knot eo) Kh were bunch of (olen dj oe ring tha wereuedby teak and ther populations ‘Secu the rie forrest rene peso tm tn Wear aware he eantents af tho rears ely inde hoa ‘Spr cri’ commentary on temo tog the hana de nest conning Spach) eanserptonse thee "readin” by sate record kept, o throuph modern reeds of ther numeialqunetate snpsmens of kus Whet we dono kae ee det ne anions of ‘he conten unedited by Spi hands or voles No, intone xen shih we have osriptions oF Hp ree do we hae ip tha as ‘be tonce ofthe record tneper' rome sin, rom he recognition of the via bec of seo stay snd refloton onthe race spect of te Ub ering system tat Jeey Que and Teter the calles of athe, The abo sume in thisbook erect we bie he est cuent unending he ma ‘tre compnst or dimesion, ofthe ipa acount ond cree est profucve tates frie inet of Kip nanan etre, "wht Gell, provide accountng of the ores Faction of Big awe enn abst ham rom writen docent prods! daring the‘Spanish cli er (1552-1820). In ain snp fring the eer ff mach (bt by no means al) awh wae id about Kip nthe cloi manly whom twas sds wo lager ejeties ave pied my ellos inpreducing his hintoneal overview he i etv ke prograninte the second satan As fr the former, [present recon tly of wh Si whet about the Eps ar alu fh ey sid Iie my ei that the hence of cer undentandng ofthe chronologic segues or a what insome stances cote eal yenealgy” of ebro chi bor Epa hav encourage on aitary selene aceon fom soars rom very deren ie erode ding the ay tt one or anu interpretation of what pa were no thy wer ed, This pone mers fre eaoraton, "There ar to fundamental problens withthe noi we of Ka ‘manent alae wo shove. Fe adap seve ey coll a meets on hp spoe rm dhe personal experience of acl sing 4d bearng fermen Ink fs comet hse evs sn eeu no ‘acon onthe pst, ats commensas(spcily fie the 1583) general ew hip either rem edith eae apres ors hein is and experiences but ofa gnc temsermed te colo ton of hp se. The eater scone nosey prove mone le ‘many onthe ype of hip tht were in ein pe Cabin nes nd he ‘matin of enipbermeat and interpretation, Tsien co arzer howe that we cam dicount the eens peri by larceny rata itis woe the mporance of maintaining sea perth ich secon were ed ones testimony of the ie pote en ration of ecard expr ot work on hc pre- Congest record rd wach secs wees on ean wl besme clea are prod that the lane ype of acount ae elect shila aut Kip tht terp te cli tire (ee bow), "The sxnd ro the chronology of commentaries on the Kip sg nici is tht wheres th Spar nally ere conser te ‘oe and reper forthe bnel-ting wth —to te point dn hee records serve the pic sures of norma the Spaniard ee ‘on for deraping an understanding of the Arden ps Iter colonial lulseapeesel dp ambiance athe Kp anda gener spon of the nathe ofc (led thiplamaya: “knot makerkeper ho kept hem One mij ean forthe change in aie at the Kp on he {ar ofthe Spun wa har the trode increment det option (expec leal putas) withthe Speeds own ween Sino Commetny 5 econ or hth en oes the, es ingot te be aa becca engine ne peso arn hic any hen amnion th ers prod “Pessoal btn ofthe har werven peed i thi chap tessa conrnden-ir oe parr ate of ho ie Sane ccd th cn foc ip wore lo anode se Fon) often en i-roedng uit” tthe ipa eps ocr inxpen, Fed ne pds of Bir, gee {Slt oer peso arate sent fhe ps As we wl er {he cose ofS bok that mia eins of Hie oe pode tp pln edb: how, wht fly dr vein {lon open dpa in she pp ts wre are ich qetione Sito wes ene often ue a wee epee n+ tern, ccs ner by he play? Dil hear ns eons ‘Delft el ibe lig ya ve ae om of Sonic pion otal mer sig by wo fern rage Te of Ln ype cl patraigy nd pining. ping and Enns Gece? And ay mig sae suo ne en he 0 tim, tree dmesg orb repens edly wine ote Sih cnc Siew loi ech endnote in sor mpd Ing mtv apr oguing wi eno te weal in eoocend within ceased arte sions been unto tea seal ened on eK Ti norma tn wor ied he aor, wl rater very “There fron snd pins cn th rel question te chaps calcd here hea tpn rsdn so the cco erste dee ih be norton srl on ay gen ipa wt try ineligible ede by ao kept he emp “Ter gh ol by he pon wo made ha ase {ol of sedi nity cn othe marpltion ‘ite pte ea eon pred pen {feempin? Aste wl dn he ger tho hr etl no ‘ea cone on se ler il nats edge coding fedibe eter neo om he “the pros chaperone see crn he cobalt oo eng he radeon a ts niin sgn tenemos.SuureenTa-ceNTUAY AccouaTS om rieuly the ees account writen by Spans inde newly con (querederioy a the aka Epi, we readouts wi aed ‘ting eecol. or erp, Hern Po tother othe eomgueee int governor of Dre, Franco Pano tls don oe cession 1 daring thes yeat lowing ee Enopa vision bea i ot ers ook certain items —frewood, "seep Lama), co, re corn ber) =from an Ila tren akg he oa lnk igs, ache we accounts recorded the met ono sing recoding vce (F.Piaro ds ota his devi for ap Parone ht whee a ‘cmen move hex good fom the street cones en som ofthe Kt wich they had in he depose sect the Eee ‘hy re thin andes fhe hi] ine 1920175, 17), Coruy this sone of the few account we rin the ei corp cai! irate on apa of ata eer of blancing the bok in ‘Hip anton ‘Aon de sume tine tha Heenan ia encounteral ipwalonghe Inka oad oh highly, ne conqisade Migs de Et, a ‘importa kerstion ons dieren ype of formation orden cata ‘ofthese devices He oted that "ahold have writing they reall the memory of hing by meas fern corsa ks hough ‘he mos ae Ug are semen song, if cing wen ere to emer pst etsy songs rel hm” en Pe 190 17). The combined cucraion of Pir and Este paws wl he eats eridence ht peo diene ype enced en dite ‘ype of norman: ial and eran histor the 40s the Spniis hal begun eo ite down the woth of sai ‘alinformation eg, cers dat, es) that the lant of he (ow defor empire ad eter ete i rm forte tine ‘hecengust. The principal vn tht presi china eed of he ‘ysemate uastipio of aa dats fo tpn into Spach writen cents was the oun (re) renin eee by odo de La Gas, present ofthe Rel Auer in Lm 99 Pres ser La Gace et sven taf spectrin the came to ‘let nd eaknte cena grea stitial dats on econome sores from van repos throgboa he Frc mph mee ovr only fraction of hse pectin es fre archives as Je nied eral of hse cent prvi wh an neg lee Sih oi Ommaney 7 enderanding of the basic faethe were eo on tes np anes bureaucaecorling dees swell as sme of he aes rips organising thereat of ermaton therein ee Espino Sims 197-172, Cable Rodrigue 1977, re 1992, 987, Prine 92 40-4, Pn 190; Rowers 1983 295-54, 399-352; ad Uren 1958. “he interaction beeen Andina Spins ord an recon eps ering fn the pclae nine ane wa m0 mane aay vale ture Forieaes bythe ary tm 550 ert hee Ste a othe sew Spuishoerds were being regstered ht on Apu fn Span wsten documents A few deces te asthe ongninire/ cmd bop ing of a anfring tht noah and pegs wo Ahr bi ad ac ato Anas une lity in manipling coloni judi procelae cher ws + aed nen nthe umber ea re eins imclvng Utes oer diferencesin the nate ad Spanish ‘cm cineca daring the 150s, One een poi that ha {envy ceived conser senton fous ons depute berwoen the els [tone de Montemayor and he utr nda of aca, Baia ef NGL. Jor 6S) no. 2, po 1 40-5 Pl, Chapter 1, this ook Solano yRerees 1972.38 3095 Ucn 198) Novi othe decal of dhe 50s, the defence Pao de Ce de Lin (1) compared he hurr tothe temo sigas hie yh oar) ed the Mees. de Le td fer hace wed de note cond eos o kp tik owned xpd tors of tt ae wll utr hing ht had cated my yeas che pt Hol stats had wie men were charged the Inka with com Pig ad memoricng song commetortig he dec of he kings othe {ela Epc (Cee de in 1967-34-37) Tit wei the ent cot by Miguel de Este nate fom the Inka ps were eco ‘bi an coped ad rind ty he cour poe pimp, the ‘man, One psn tnt hye be adn ina compechesie sed ‘hel mnner nthe elton betwecn he mero ese atv pro= ‘cto of he amass andthe tip (nd meer? based naraions of ‘he pela rom the ewe mone forward nore than cde ele ne cece opin xcrumter appre mmber of eferenes tobias he Spanish ines Thee references were at the oreo ere cxplnian of oes tes produces rou new round of pectin ian eS tetris one byte fourth roy of Pe Franca de Toad (581S), With his forms of colonia insta and it clletion as sla: he fered relocation of the forme diet Amn popons to nw nel sleet, Toledo eated whew rly the mt refund transformation of Le he Andean higads betwee the tine ‘fhe European inasin a the wae of fependence in he 120) fo amore document ech ih composer nl proa de win) dive ror he Tl wiv ra heed cies ‘in Spain andthe vatios Andes sstione. "These documents poe an ‘ermtnary dete vie of the sop sn een chracterie el popula communis tered tht he Andes hie ‘ime Many make clea ther oe lye by loc Kpukargyg in up pg Spnsh fia wih the lesen of exile, demographic ‘Sonoma ifort pen which tbe te, ssrganied oem sate en {ora shape (Espira 187, 17-197, Mac trmack 195, Maa 190; Rowworowsi an Rony 192, Rowe 185). In adios to the eae and truer nto Spanish wren doce iments of «maine amount of stil inmate Tele ein ‘on and inspection pocedre alo ella or a more jm clletion thiol information thas had been carlo opt thst (the 187) For example icollecing formation wo wr Hide Ins (0942), Pao Sarmowo de Genoa els rth he interviewed or than ‘oetunded oi Khiputsmay wo le ea ie in ond sal Cc We tr nee agro of ore Un ory member of the fre Inka tut, some of wham ha served! a ilamayun, ei the tah ‘he iso econ contained nis chris, “The pottstostras with epest to thine ofthe pesconqes hiory ‘ofthe Kp ar, Sse that he cw aged) Kplareyg wea the er ter of che collection of recingues “hia dats nel he vero ‘ton the hereof he nk rp that were costae rm hae data bythe Toleancuonicer (Min 1916; Pde One 116, Sa ent de Gamins 182); ond cond hat the er of te Tove ‘i eepresent ein pls of highend esorsand conics teenton ip and wnnon records That by the te of the Ten rer he Spanish fo some fry yea maine! heir own wren) cts ‘of Anz satis ira oor wee es nresingy een line to defer tthe race record keer nea heirown recone to ‘nic with ceo th pansy As wth srl of dhe cei ours he Tadanevoicrs make ster dha te Upulamayng recorded beh etal ita el wma Spit Cotnid Cmetny 9 sihioril oration n th ipo Asan example ofthe supe of his taolinormsnn rere thes dees oe the Teles croneden. rina de Main (2 Czgue") noe ht he inka tea ery ull method of counting of kate rng of woo 1 deren clos wh el gis hey an ad awe fds chy i ascouating deve that hey ere bio ge ‘se ascourng ofl he hing tha hal happened th and or tore ta 50 yer. They ed Incinswho were ery sled teowedgeabe a he per and scouts te ads] pad the owed down fom generico to genera and agin the rrrory lca yard iy aking was ero. eh) apr i ery a cd edie tesittiyetoertees SIS ee SipeainitalsamentReog er cuepene areata ao anes WE poseseeae apt orp Sengeiiiacinehincewcic eter Se ee ena Serer Damtomecemteenreat ‘mrTeiglwiie se seo ae Sati eiataatet pee na mmr tec ee Sen earn peptone erage Sentry eer inngn ia carkeSiaciainneoc artesian garaita iene eeboon noes Dnpearet Sinners See Sp elses nse a Saree Se ete ane ae SS oases Srontege aire hetero Sethian tonne rey Shave areas isha ae eee Sara‘scons of nk history as oppose he sore writen inthe "Teean ‘hrm or chs ocr nes The pr exception os eae ‘ato involves peclogialdspatr and enfics oer wha ada etimate ‘im to autho. ia woke pies to al “oi oa Ia ‘wh ofthese types oats, howe, mat ws lima ery mh ‘sur were econo consdrtion since thse who ol prove tat hey ‘er descendants of re) lk mb were xh the epic ‘ents to pay tebe ad perorm pero wervce forthe Spa ‘As bocomesincreaingl ele in th dcoment ofthe eid the cent ‘ssc ithe ip be 0-15 wth posal economic ten: Who natin Spaniard? woull te incon of publ recon ‘he clon? The biplane tone sey thie onfomer ‘en. Thi rw orale inthe Thi Col of Lis (181-158), who th hip vere cana Maro bce ad were one to Se Saad TeeerConio Linens 1585, st 5 ch ae Marcin 19 6-1, sevewrecaricewt ACCOUNTS Arte ging of the vewearenth cenary, we encanta patty lnriing acon ofthe types of norton tat wre tl cued ‘he Ehipe ata ine, 5 ella pigmentation f te Spun wl ey thew knoe rng et ein Wi he mate “Thind Counc of Lina The following pasage comes fom Diego Aas y Fiero Nica, fr Inthe viley of Xan, Ime onthe rod on ld Indian crying bande of yas whi he ed oid, When chabege hex pine hat thse yup wer th cant heal ogi tthe Tne, ‘when the ne] eared om the th endl tha a appeal inte vale in saben. nthe acu war inca tllthe Spaniards who bad ssl on that opal ods hat hy ad ‘ant nd Bogs aly ha done, a he ood nde ‘ud. The cmgi [high ci ads] wth non stele ig ook ad burned thee acon and phe oe nen. (errap x aceon 8: 438) Wich that te ard hima, decenants fv oil = orl cps of Ink nes had entre a we one in whi he sons Suis Cammy cr hy reed were egy vowed wh pion ad the pnp sacs of informa hn Li ism csr scrote tcc he enh en gh ey fie caveat cry ty atte cries Flpe Gum Pat {ist Alra Cane 92) owned Nees are pre opin c-cd og eo he ef Spin Cum onto lire oe neo efron ected ince peg, mei der ml a ene) he sh per anetng Breakage nina peso rdncf dt Sy Me doings of vs ek fie ging comm, ne pling (oe 9 Lana 9) Gane esgic vary oper handing the Seve = tamer ele) doops er ec scr ech gong cig a) eo srr odes nd ns nd bd cg ning or, citer Ce stot) tice and thing of Gen For ld ct 0+ spencer lesen oh ipa sd ek pat wil gh cmevton psn, he pen vA mre oe es feng rove aca Fo gage tn penn nigral singe erm pt hela dogng om pry ke Sy, oar i {Gaaen Pe or an exp race concern s ee elo tenth raion eo ed (Gone neds igh eed repay ol me Beye etn of te ape por nn comping bonded oper ely nt or cl nt Kr a! Pegi 93 Wan 7,100) tena ume ge ore en re psp SO cra peter oie fa cpa cer ea ice oc ober wr he nay ve co anon ol opera bee vy olin ec mycin pe ecg icy Boone ler ger a tec es eeiar mater may fe, Be ui informative with regard to his ew on theme of hse eon er eampl, lens Adon (0862729) and ‘thine MacCormack (58; 464-46) hove shown the Gan Poa = strctel a ether eater set of presen othe eect tat Andean Peoples had wn the gol of Chri before the ava fue En [pans aton, thal show (Urn 1997 20-208) tha Gannon oma smgreted~ ing ndtettatdenka wre fai with in Arabic ners in pre Hipanic times. Boh of se top le song orca sues Games Pam par fat hae lence ot ‘hepa ore iterating anes Since wo Gan Po to ae ben» Inert nan ws pnt yung the Earp a ‘ealing ap win, and who wero th high ged arpa ad for erry, we might epet (by aabogy withthe ero alles) hat {f Cuaman Rs sof he opnon that the Up costed soph ‘aed ystin of rer, 20 to mention ot of wings he igh 0 Ive argue hart Ink acta kad wrt etre he ava th Ear pean (Such an argent wn fade by nce ate cei — GGucso de Veg: se Une, Chapter 8, his book) Homer, Gasman ons himself da emake sc on rgoren. Wace therfore with he lila of écciing Whee or not wee ote! a mating an argent ‘oe this inane ht an we ay tht since Gauman Po id ‘via sch an arguments mes hth dl it ee the Ep ‘Conrad oye of wring” We canoe th queso With oy cea a epee tie, Ti adiion the ensnsng we of hp acon in nga prcceings, here appeared reg the sta he eect cent a mum ‘more informatie deserpins of he Ket rcode an of the vary af ‘ncthnds used wo eer, and lino Gn dve, Foe mpl earth egining of cetary (1402) we ecountr an ni ingreerenctoa peer mater of eterignermaton nero oth Ing spo, he hia Thi pare ana port fn the ed the Jouits in Pero, PR de Care, General Agia thee the Jeri tnt rept were th hp were ely ative peopl o record ths forthe parpoe of ging oon (fr hea of Kp in Confessions se Haron, Chater thisboo) We are eal at insich ip, held os inthe tigen othe my, Ln ‘tingly, ne ara tla oe cones whi adon co yng kas, tle the ipa “rom x srr of ewido wit thn ced ong 1s nl ste sis [el] of tne o hone eters firming he pa). This presupposition of diet, au elatonship betwen ina the hing sesh above acount ers + deiely Neoptene "at" en the ip, Nevlatonn vor ogling piso tal Aenin ope ith roowin hen sci aking sinerpeine tettion was pil aro in Rename Lain ceri (= Ye 1506, Neos the pylon of hing ach hits pot tnd ps ahd Hol pic sgt—as carap, wal efectos of tre forms ht reed he el ea of pre tat. Earthy for ‘er merely the sila ofthe ia arm Farthrnre is wr of Scene ean of Sep prin tt esi kno fdgaccobiconly wo De eae orth who bal been nse intisecret nesningf tinge is fining dy of Nevplstonicin facia the tly of th = tan beeopyphs Et reson (0 he how ow especial an tic of th ech and sien enor, many of wom were toner ofthe Je crv, cetacean approach to the Http breton symbol leer merprctaionof the hoyphisiens Ths tron, hich war do a feces sence tat were gicany sttfrmedcn the ec f Egyptian ieropyphic writing troduced le ters of mysickn and human syle ana ic the sy ofthe Depp um rey cect den freaks th recon ofthe eograpi nd poet line of Eypan Mon wing. In fa mig sma sory of Nepltonie nyc nd mya i terpeecons peed for many yes the deciphered May io hte Gee Cae), beth edger of toe ace rt Nt inptel bane ees of the ines could mo ourenance te Sern tht sch eben mysterio ooking ance spc po $y hve any eel to the mane ss of aman ec Inch cv sch premised be pony wren. il ve eon lc to quo wcrc reference a a che bore inh jn common ating Up rigierng the material cme Incr sin scpeet th opatne of Neopatonindocncesin th i tcrotterpetatons of the Uo sito oul he alsin ft wcll “Napk cme se below an yan, Char 7, is ond. “he nca Gari des Vg, moon fan na pics and Span ‘sh aud: os bor in Cac 59 and vel see wt he gs of‘weno. Soon fer his ther deh, Garcia weno Spi oli his inhertance, td erin ere oth et fi ie 10, Ga silo completed his magn as wrk cade Comentario dor Tar (1989. The Comemara contains 4 wealth inermationcocering theLhips, which Garo claims ro are lead bow fed uh ih ‘Cie Frinstanee, Garis desert decimal sel ype of record ng merck information (1966: 3-32), he desert el ‘ioship between the generally mime inforaton eon ome Kip the memocze pos and tre dain and fp Bek oa tee neil ca inate 196: 397) a he roids sot bse ‘mes bythe mst Jerc Bl Valero hee «ype of conogrgty baw Kip rer system to iter Ik es (1h 2) fo genera terms, Gacaoprovies swith seemingly wel infrnd hough scr ‘sna problematic (bese ots syne) account fe och ‘land ieectal uations axocited with Ando atest econ (Gee Anaourian, Gate 6 and Urton, Cres, bok. ‘Othe paran quent elton kermen th mare ofthe lnformation reine om the hp andthe wrk of meron in Yee ‘ha information, Garis ger contaitony wtinony ream he ses atone poi chat asthe lcs hid no knowlege of wing, hey av se wha “she ty eu a eng i ot et thy chese itera and account ypc wie Bow and reserve the ton of thr deed man ofthe kt sings, ud colores ws ir stair and pc a fl Thana ‘hemethad of wring ee ns employe te ep. (966: 32) ‘Wheres the shove acount sue with some ambi tht he ek waned soe man of weing”n the Ki, he lw sateen hy ths chro get quiet oppnte [etnias reall by mean of he het things pa us an grandparents had ah ery eatin, sa che thy ‘tested with grt ce ad enero sacred ate ning the altos eligion a lam the Is, whch thy centred w retain thi merrier arene of wei (anes eta ven 19633) “The Ansan fra Antoni de a Cana pent many yt ia the Anes, pata in Lins, Pt sa Tein Calas emt een Sindy onthe ii crn Cann made. (974, 201-212, Colinch nd red the works of elo ha predeceased dee Vga Jot de Acct, and Hs Vale), and des swe the oe we fr fom his eating ofthese ci aecoets 6 well a ron i> {ectonvenatinn is tipumayg Caatchy expres or fhe bipcayi is chroie (Bk 1,Ch 14 208), sting for tsace, tha thse bn rece cones a ide iy mera, sacha ivory, i ern pactc snd economic action, Whi ose fesnealic abut te wots of Calaneta a this ajc, ove hat Ina ove oe esa ng the esi al oder crn norton onthe Ei From hinges, Calanch dessa Ios hip account comple ath formato om cnr symbor atv indicts of dang royal socesion, buen and 4 “iran asgastisdooting dren eel of clement th ea pe (206-207). With only ow expt ey, Gara acon of thesymbolcr of cals ed i the Kf), most fhe ermaton gen ‘Calc i uncoreborated by thereat aes. Scars hate ee Aare been sitet pr seo the Lp inermation pent) bad ‘anc data en by Caan (nein inde Pines 9231-43 ad Asadouran, Copter 6 this bok) Tis ingrant tae ote of he unusually epi diction Caln- ‘ha precedom t the typeof inform cttaned on the Lip ad the eatonship betwen now he sity the reuiteent ae Alpe” itcration inthe res and memory fhe practice oF he biplamyes th eos, hry, or tone of the pat] wer commited to ‘ee the Quipo Camas, who were ke he Secretar of these rei in rer wo provie an cout of tht the In, (tothe Case, whnenr might ak oat tan the Abin [mente ho were th ps opel il ers ed compe dn in which they neal the tory th event or ee ‘Ses atl these mre coat inthe ons orice trough ‘hh they pase he ier echig there son adhe is bon ad the Quip Camo whether bcs of he piles ‘ith which they Bonored thc fe or Beas, hey i te {od acounting sour tha on which they were quested cy weresevered, ere com saying the sg ciphers ond ‘soon nthe Kip thing the ne who wold sce ‘hem moe, ad thre were many of es Seen ach of ‘hom hal aig is parila clan of tera having tithe Sor ale sng the tf which thy srw tees tnd the ois of te [or place] nemo ts rei a Byte sane oc they van aera ofthe onde esa eran, ecablishig the reason, pun of the ded or eangreson. The creme each lta, which ‘they performed te Sana to the ile Gen he ered ‘vide veneration the ior of he igs, othe oaks nd nefcs oft ols The Serta or Quo Camayer sa the pana ahi ty te be ot see of the ath, ane something tht he shoul! know swe, o tbe ifr fn hi ae outing rom soe of he dees legacy o orci the pn record) conte. (CataNens typ 05, 7 TRANSLATION) Calne tesinony epeding he procedures for eso nd reaing lnfeaton ath Kp maser thee ec iesreied he come nition fore feminine in th memory ofthe hipaa wh specie lnonldg of Eig construction ees (huving How ‘aul whereto pice cette information othe sing), Pers hs Is now we shuld ea the (apparent contrary tinny prod ‘he two quoaon rn Garon dea Vs aoe). “The mie of the cence century sew he completion f the ok ist Berm Clio Hawt Ney Mido (1979 and 1990), Cel we SS informed by is edng of manera che putiaat the werk ole de Ondeprdo nd Critchal de Malina Cage") Cao Incas bei be inereing and lately qe contnersi oma taryon the Kip Cobo peronal experience with Hp endings” pes ‘ohare been bot ined ol ike rect ee efron prove by hse of he Inks ably in Cas, he fh roca ws rman named Aso Top At radon of Hay Cap the bt al pated nc, wh rll ul before he arial ofthe Spi ep Ate Iainaipd ship in wh he ha eo nd commit to Cab, ‘he ficial Cases version fla htry (Pra Barenecke 98652) ‘Cobo sates heal manne of norm weaned on thee deve (sats and tol dat} ba hat unvtaning the reso Spi CldComensy 17 meron fenton bya ich wml a ree on the i On ican her formation he Bisgon erecta fll nnn of brea nut, News Bp ey ect tin th memny of cotnng Ceonleinencned norms inhesr faye renting sd ee Clo, bees, gs ose nt non ue map de arenas unl ouster sn ein avc t Each on drt he girth he ac an what he er el {Gao 9929), Sech carter fhe pa eodig Flom yeep ed cfc, tn sich n epic mame in ay xe oan pode daring Beer 20 yuo agen wing on te een Be ake wn corcr ahs rnin of te nfoation yt cf lcd sco alto oe bt ab oc mre tai a of infron,ten we pb wil ne 0 rein he ie rc frm of rg? Ths bce ree epi iy hrc ands ef de eet on the prof xs ved in cosmaing by a of cet re clin omen Cas corn ct tmvrng ete openly p(t 198 end Cher, ook aout ie gta poison resell foc eps Pat, Cap yas on Rapper 9% oa Rap Dp ind Canin 1 100, However caer vey eel x Tied tc Cabo esl dette tnt pressed em (lpn In seni cit in vero ete ng fri ns ila ior oe Ichere tno anewho noe siprid an rhe se tht these [pl i, the mie peoples of Sot Amerie] ower af en Issodal tisienor = mach becote they ae hor on eng [ever ar some ve alleged is became of th ery listed Imeem the ae hal this becas y riten Tine ef a which general cake, perf, nd ‘ke hed quer ins operons ad esr power- On theother and, sce the nga re veto bith ty ae ‘cmon en hive neatly Deco inte evs ave alla thir ingnay an oar be ih oftheir peer eh {ono isu trains ano)EIGHTEENTH AND WINETEENTA-CERTURY ACCOUNTS We ca be rin iscaning work concerning Kip pubis daring the cphcenth and nine cours. Theat of hip aking aed ede lng ha cle become “ditched” climate fro he proto recat Lepog sung eatie oa by eh prod. Ths eemerence (oe redseonery) woul ow dig th ricceth and veri emai when atl enbee ofthe Andean ities, amt ad ‘her woul conn the ee of Kip for eer record ering por posse countsuf liste) swell fora playin coramunitinin Fhe, Bata, an Eco (Hol 196% Mackey 170,190, 190, (Caper thi took Mest rd Gish 146; Nerd Prt 1980; ie rats 18,190; Sloan, Chap 1, hie bok Sto Flares 195.1951, ‘Ue 87. Many ofthe efeences to Kip daring the eigen and nee otis a rt f+ genera Europea atria interes ia het fry and exer ancient, ei wrt per tht tinea wel 4 noe pointed omantiing of dhe spp ht a of eka wring ce mt 151; Per N64 and more cnt, Misa Rives 15m the late tory we bold noe couple of eamplesof whet Raia di i meglio (979 sdreferscoas"spcryal hip” These nae enon ipa ting nthe work of Madan Fe Gy, Patsinnewne towel Ld me Pee (eter fam a Hern ences, 1747) at inspite by information she laine om spa frm Ramos Sener, Prince of Sn Severe. There prod work etl Ler pega (80) nbc diagram seme forty complex ora nkn sp nos ach sgt stint sar emo abe teak cose (thre not eae iso repo in Rony 179. “The ear necgrapic Lip gos decribed by Sgro ne Ray ae reson eppere ins ction document common reed to arehe "Naples doce (Aninato, Ras and inl 198, Lareovich Mic ull 1996; Laven Min, Micali, and Aneto 1988). This oie ent, wes aemcy silvery nh inquest Ge Domenie ad Dement 1998), purports dence ste of lee wring ase fon the fry oregrapic Kip knot is entonl shane —by means of Sopeil ha of hp dat wn pond nested oy bythe mans (rw eno the nk court The rial wre ofthe esrpian of it seypenod lite wet yt ws the icteenth-xnury ea pis as ‘ers ee Hyland, Cheer, sis bok) A parplenng am oar the Suni CotnidCommmary 19 contained inthe document fac tha aca de Vega be vexlsnlr information ee paper of Hs Yar tough alld othe eens of ya iting ym). Carian ren por calle Suma Na (eanl prince) which be clams renin perf lier aoa thee sue ps ed th slic wing syste i he dae fan Naples. sts oiience? Col the pn have Ben ten fom Garcon che (gute dring te vented cr eihtcnh onary?) of a falc wing? Te commentators on th Nope docement far file co ee hs inocu an prplesng coincidence. ‘he libel “spocrypal Hips” we sould ako eeeence + few entry pcre chars Wp whose constevcGen poe er the lip desiptons we ae gen of thm, Similar wo th oman typeof Up dered nthe nce (or expe se River y Ura 4; Song 1827 1880) In spi an bec, tse works ae vil diet dee the Renae, Neoplaon (hey sme ad allegra ine of ing systems of the ancient Next Eaten tad Ces [Nonsthelenappenachl wh camo, sch works may dsr are han thy ave recived i dhe pasty if fr no other reson than sight they ford io the chron ancy nececey or rmanticsng the ter ap foe msiyng entre and agin agp apr anergy ART AND CONCLUSIONS of sonal commentaries onthe hips permis wo ee fw cil fru of tee devices and of te pote cited ending or terpeton. In the fit lc, the erence cee kn rhe peopis ofthe poe: Calurinn Andes rd on tip ceeds pertaining to th sate ofthe pol economy ofthe inwhich hey ne. Thin tad demograpie, econ pul ype of sacra infretion. By the tern “etal Ten Dering tothe compotion, apoio, and eon a uns and oer source nl ole pera toi ola se From what we oa inthe Spi cies ad dec essen infra of thitype we eid 0 y pase vaca of teria te dein, ping, Of ng; an bythe tying of diferent ype and nabs of nas2 caytmee inthe strings The ter wer fen accord mame ies he de sl (paps det se Plat, Chay 1, dhs book) sem) of ‘meri sed by the nk nl hei ster Thi mach we eu Sood oe quite sone dine (Ascher nd Ascher 197; Locke 123, Ut 198, ro. ‘Bat insti, ta source fen eat at coli mc ake it cea sac Ink wel 5 oa oa ce trope te empire end ceaineypesofinformation tht was nse ye payee Ceuntiag strc another ypsot mare scrant The major ble we fac today inthe dof the ipa isthe mening fhe ening ‘enterm acd sore este” What at melee proces Dalking” spa ender anarcieacoun? Wis ths roe compare {othe x of alg any numberof ote nce sit wth in he eka ‘seis ful complement of gamma uns (bj) ie ‘erin the dmersions onthe Kp Sings? Or was perhaps mers A repty of general ir olga of et ssn plead “ines a wee pen ore nite fom asec ya plane, sho woud hae bong to the ding infrmaton ean in sme, 2b vl asa rng of eres, dere pate for ping 3 marae Approprintet ies place nd perp salen? Or wore th proslarsol “consi” perhaps somewhere beween the exe of he contin eeren eried (oe, "era nd free-form native productions on Ut sore? Tad we iver eon tert formulate anemen o question ie thon pond shove; ths eh beso present book. The aprons ‘ethos quetion Souda plume ae que ree Thy ele is tf memory and ratte producions in comerporary il! Perna ‘cmmunties Howard) the ere and births of hips consrton (Conlin: he las of encoding mcrae normation a he or of tere interpet a ile M.A) the sey of enciprment 4 route to merging the gent infrmation encoding peo he ips (Ge Acher:theamasof Spanish corckrs vein the atc ‘elg matte in Bhp ASadoursn, Hyland, Un, ed Quite) te Stolp o Ei rancor in Span onl dren Pe the cola sa thio confemina devi (Haris) the prasons-doy play of ge a emblems oa ery and icy Soon al ie ‘eof Kip or scr nermation Dy Andean herders eda (Made. Tis porta se a the beni of cha explora of marae Sets Cebit Comeeary 20 tnt ring ec ht 0 ite as ened a frag cfs eran hipn-The poe npc eh digs of irene pig Srengoer et, fhe conto ee exper come Pepimcnn tad inrpceon snp te once Phere, al of which: ol innocent of te scourge of dogmatisi fa casa os pri wl eae ote fea of may nc ge Gone inion A.) Sel Ss Ret el pC” hen 30? po 5). oh nn in fn) [157 7 agp Yd dl Peco Sar so tiers See Ane © Mineo he dee i Pe RC Mi nr Pi nde Ache 97 Cd te On New Vk Doe an 199 Tne mare One Lc pe ea Apt Nar anny ump” PD ere, Cary: Am bo UA Dineen Sere [Ant el. Gn re ar eS ge nc pie re cnteenrye VOL Timecgsin, cnks nr earns Pino nrSi Nk ty cena ta Si yet manta ‘Hamikos. Austin: University of Texas Pres. Ee ER apace neeertntyeains ogee re te as peo ea Steen archaea rena uinrice Meno? oageeierieananeiee Se Sadan ae ee ope Cee a catemeptten Seach nie Srp tee es nonunnuag pf arr seaS ete eter ag Tecan tore naman te ct a rte we eeatteameraette oT ee = emer = tin ht ly Fe. ae Pae BesNp ‘vc cn 9) Nes Arr eel el es rhe res Senn ‘nk, O18 “Gup Spar Usp mand elcampecuina” ar de Hwy rua ow 4 Ae XVI 890 Gp a alii Ces ne ce Gu. : mE) ed i rey Faye ek. ‘Rcwom Pian Urey ee loach nll, 96 Lear Pr Blane: CLUE {ge Mn anh cn Ca i Dace Sign Sma 3628 en” Se Mews Aoki ri Ka ar No Yk Aetc "an Hd N17 "Th de Kip an Guan Ras de Aa’ ow Now ‘Groin od Ginna her an no San eee se ec sanentioe ess a rasp careers | saan tee Teen nc rr aa | crepe ere aa : I ney en be i Rm rt = rr tes nu ei as ree St career onde ose ert de et ani, os 5 i” a Big a, sa dee Camt”).16(73, Rdae fbaey i b ea Seen a etme tied aan wn nce inca aera eer eaecareesenmecra seat a coat Ca benny a ae es arenes iro a hrc 2 ee emerson aa es epee ete aa Seer Tee apteentnniingeaans Beer ee mre asses : Cee ee ee eters eared nee i1 Gaya repped nt Tae mete ee eiizcymramt Reserva hieetsiaees Maton eee anne nea i ci br tere thea Serie ea scr Pala la ie il Per Lim Bane de Creo dl es i one th mcg i rr ORE airgun Seren sta ea eet i a Se eae that pel whee ein ante int nbn ie a eens mae ee ee rete trereiere nnenetter ea ape ee eee etn an a rarrenc re ca eyed eS meagre trials pads on asnies dpa. Bron: Np. : in Mirek eter are Raa lr 1, La ws Ure 7p lent Be Serena arene nse ser i pees aetna LEER Teena’ nil Mont iin tnt Cmts loc emt bbc enemas ony pealictaaeat ws hariarcnma tte ees ee se toy mu ton an ao aerate Sata on et tt oe Sra oem Spa Cott Conmenary 25 Sari Se Carn Psa 94172) Hrs Din i End ety de 197276 nie V2 ie ea Cpl i Lope deg sino 185i ei ae “Seng Alene EA Pp Ob Eo ps pera poe Lota: ep. “Tels Cori ei Dn Cs Se i a 8p Ser a eer omc ips por et Art de Zoot Altus ognp sR Ie Oreo par Poca nel Vt Pt nc XV Dra ith cedy hve pp. 92. ed Brae ‘we Nat“ bedn Rip Cau nbs Bef ter Siar Ps, Rp Quy pene by Nady att ae Como cna eat Teme ‘arnt lt ei sy ins Kap ntrtv, Nee Rp Bl 798, is aie Nos Th if Ramer Ou Oo ace tame arte crane vf Hi Tord tepngin ds fo ri spines Kp Noy von oo ‘a "The me ew M Conpr dal Se om an sac pro en mo de Gn ee ay peo tg Sey cia: Conc Nord hn mig. Whe his Pi aw it op See eg then Pn ge ais ms oe Yon ces Ah TM Cengo Uniy Cg rSpinning a Yarn Two Lanicape, Memory, and Dicourse Structure in Quechua Narnatives Rasaleen Heard bnttopucrion {ams ft ot md deci price twa hein fr edna arin Quo now agra oS ‘tris ngs thigh ta mgt sere at oe celia upon whch hanes sc te vel cos sf te iver sara and the eal eal Inge tml ord he kn digs er cereal og Doster copie wl trl ni et Dare ol a ‘ne thi eno ee oan nh hp gn ne Wp ip prt cous aklpusmenap wine tonne deel Xtc heed elnge somea te se sna ecalaliy hewyte Osco nl Aout logue nee uel wr este, and dics vclsFardree eee ho ctsaration by Frank Sabon ding th ead aceon rte sec om hing Up ear en asd i tes siesta valance tis sr owe need otha eae ‘imal tons few” wth ard Qua orcas nae a whch eet toe nonin dcousesretre Sons ‘hengly ut of each bute pte sale othe iingare evs ‘camp his eatin. she Aan way of hiking, Ques tne sgges; th pat is eer pret an ee igre, nthe ere {uno mercy conto proces of reiatinad eforlton ‘lhe pu lator preset cecum In sion whe diinsion betwen metry and reclleton i he cles tdton, she tinction Deween th of them and agian fclbtote borne in mind Although bork memory and nazi ivalre eral eager fey dfn borne pereeion hing tn present (ter 1966 3) smagination a wd aging enep amd cm nde the hing are enn and conception, edb ‘herr nt cnn dt he pereptine ing oe fom experience Ingato the ence of lel although might be be or oot syenugain presto ests he oko wh rested rented in theme, eoppned o what i ecoled ad rn he raced ack openers: itd pot eins Ths oe pinto eplre bow med testes I Goechs ral ten re beeen eclectic ona t,he ir taenacretvty apd amoration arsingin the ston of ertnance With hs amin mid, Wester-deied theories of mem ie wefl but sot lien fr peer perme. a The sbown ewe (Genser 99,1960) pertormacie spose oe stl fat ‘ats Bauman 98; Hynes 18) ao isp ithogh we ements nthe oes emain ey wacange ss one lingto th net or men one allows ote apts frum esges win cern culturally sanctioned ates nd in spn to th rn interests of roe indians more than eter. The Ine of elie degre of xy aad adaption inthe making of or strin Ira relevaet or our corer fd Up nota sa thse setts og he same penis of coding were appli at ‘he yom of tse etn aa te momento the reali tk, one Imig suppose dha the Usp cts recoded an ejetly pred tte of hinge in the pst hich nasty cloned 1 eerpettion aa ster he By contcn when the boris nee ed a meron devices for he tecrfing of dure information, one cn pps that dee Ws ae Ten hs cae the branches, hts, ahd noes cold bese 5 the ‘Mr ogee ofthe conan mein aerate, whee eee tealreumtanes of cach ie eading performance, ott the son ofthe ddl aay, weal be bought ober inthe de> coring proce Tha nfo ied he ere inne” tocar the technics of nclectio nd remembering orylles we inthe eerie of hie ft Thisweedinplsconeinsseioremcemmitnfrmaton wo maroty Ot liter evel tosome enent uggs a mechanic eltionsp Beton ‘he ipa vera fault Kp uae sed rie reel, a ‘hearth hur remembered Bele tee cone freon ‘ex cannot ally account for he posts that ede Queda tres 10 De ‘pace nl prfoance fom one lr he neo the se ‘erp sepata onerine. Remembering nthe Ans about ee ‘ha calling emi pcs of iy way of wert repesion. The lame not earl lea ihe Andou tof sey, Romer tm tie Andes urged Quech yuan im Oven TD ea eakeraly ‘natn nat enh ng tr bt loth performancefel nd prcpton fas. erpting gama by conta the ‘ay that ele of soil an el blptns dese, 5 pan ‘Blentheformof sins cp are, ven det Remembering gh unl som mse well trying i abet kop the cae, ad ‘hos han nd animal society lve odin armani interaction with the er fhe any, he ou ofthe dea an the pers fee le eremberng ens eogenerston forget lly o rng dene ‘on ints ve. The epilogy ofthe woe ryan yoy ugesive are, Both being morpialogaiy led to oy (nearr god ropes) sol pc zowie tenes sited with eeton sth oneaine Powers of tome THe UANDscnPe AnD NARRATIVE PERFORRANCES IN THE ANDES lien the powers of de nde sa pial fenureof Andean cone lope eens varios Oech testers eg, Capes 2 Gow and Condor 92) andethnograpies Allen 198) sow: My say ‘of Quechua oryelg performances in elton othe conter of rsa hase wconle duke singe am power inthe ope ‘ono meron nde oral radon the atch thr mrt ae ‘rwen the loc lndspe (one ftir om es) ane evens of te ‘eis they tel ee Howards Maher 98) Thc cain ele ‘ot aly amen ur cotet hts n pratt cf the cour. Anas of thee ters hu gas 3 ogni reatonip ‘eewcenlandand lnguage tht bevels the by tobe theo = «ions conn regenertel hun memory. andaseay of wien ‘enforce ut apprestan ofthe signee othe lndpe in apes (Foden engin? Ashe erat repraacedhere wilson, pamvinfornaton sped ‘ot landscape in si +a hat howled of the one ener k= ‘lg ofthe ter Ln ight ofthe imports of lndepe a citi ar {ig forthe sap of atte snd ie vers doesnot ee olay {espe hata alr two-nny estndhip thre peed here pret! man of kel tpogenyal the pataization of ore (Eine sng he ings fhe up There te gee mining ‘china! beween nape si khong, propel by RT Zaidrms ns pope 0 the 1997 Duan On meting ries sport forth pedi Sonne en 31 ‘The onset reasionsipbetocn Ind remay, nd ol ad sinistral y the opening wis ofa sorytling erorminc dona Fra of Pre which she Sevres how theory wir at peeing he deren gene fhe family ac Terowscamand err nrory.conaectioe beeen the seedy tec amis esbeneon tat nd cea prepa amc sna eyndaknat urna wipashyk kashish oryuhlas leyenda maklaape pana, my iylip, eno yendakane eal stop gues. Exch Aeron tana Ky ks na aca Kanan Carp uct guns nog anys. Say Cap an fn Kia Ki irc sagen spear isk [Er anrkaremyath Kia decoy crap waaay on Gri as dit Cova Gsbrran,Eonce yap snychus, Womb api wilapanyoh Lach acho naps tre ‘hucaokens, tr abana a sag met lap} Tash Satara maman nugapiswiDspuamar Maat wil Peer wily En Corp ene ana hn. ow that you ar gong to collect opm Isl be pled to ‘lyn wr ger we kt one ey so hat you can take them wih a9 that yea ut sat he, De the lands go fr ecko th places Now Tow the soy of Cap Like, Carp a oposite Kiser We wed tote Kina When ryote wt an he got arid wel ed with te om the ‘oer of Kowa doa Cit Lana al doa Cea Gar, So ‘here tey wore When hey were young, qret-randpnenes ‘ld ees aw dager nw the ory, my tote leo fhe Ant nm sal leo you wha my other tl me. thot ays thoy say Capa ce + ton [be ger ot ell a ary ‘Bout Haig fe wown ad he auton ofthe ke ine faces] fo Qorenrirw wars acer ninth ULE) ‘This sueent gst that» ruc fection of rl aon 0 Inlce seine etry tel pene ct Th ory sc ohare be ev br ote the sper rene andes it fheconrertofthenew naw aking wpa rlence meal Tisai nthe proven narrators nny bar od ith the ca the‘ara Kiva was expropeatal under grin frm ae eel ne 9 the contr ofthe pest commer + sausate rent fr bet any a theme she returns aga and again in conversation and sore By wi {egy commonicting her ih seperti of rl Hse Enola sider, ase dil nthe econ Sesion we conducted og dose Joa effets ancora so the trary even wee i ‘din pce se nd her fr er ve ec ot Pi ae viomofaraleton medium fo vindicating ntl ight nce ‘pete in any Pubrquoonartspace ang the sie ‘hey tel as sher exact. ora dveling Quechua speakers desley dtd Knowle of she stint tpogriphcl erates of tie lclenenmert macy ge Allen 8} Puan ely arcuate his owl eeegh shew of pony that cowl etry etre fom he more prom sen mounting ver and stam o che leer gules, cms af ttc las. and bes inthe oad Dcounesout th nde ce {ranma traetes thet provide fur ngs an the wy th sp ‘il elation ar concep. We cals, for earl the se of he rssie marr to dsb the pl lato heween ty tog ‘pins Inthe following enact fm ioe itr, he phe wes looking ou emer the moantinoar cer, stung i saa st 1 poimel ot dhe direst ses rable from where ne wore standing sd omc Kay chiqan ashan Saya Hay chimpotag asa Hatun ‘Kay wes nae Hcy a i Chaya pt aan ‘age Quran. Y haga egg ates Si Cheyanne teshan Cham, Us un ash Pataca or hay wie wh hy aan, hip ‘This plc is Sky, ighk? Ad sats oppose place Harun ils mame of hi sd bbw Hcy ia And tent side shove Qayarn. And hits place eat Sig Then tsplace hel Cbs place oe Panaac Lomee howe whee he bach ras roms tha’ Papin (roto iereneinwr wit Dex vrai, Norse roTost, notin est 99H ‘Te ths yerson single pone ali- (ts) ndash elton ship between two pnts in space sone of helo” ther tan spy Speciegstie wingsne" uta) "cow (eo acral” (chin) reach thr A pac ie “pas ldragel Quran can erly be lome 3 nc te sie aor s Quy” withthe poms dete refering buck the reno mene atin Fea Hi) rr wep: the lie wiureabut of Osyaran Ith wa. the lent points onthe Lando lined weer in anne itendependeney cone ini the inksape were being contrac senate tem of Lesrhpe prodnced hog oman dace te ery sof peaking about “The Parra corp of ornare roids cramp of thisse of seni markersontermarcerngto point onhe ap. Ta satel Sp. the mls combine with vc eres ning the e-oired fare of the arate performance athe fllming exe, don Edad Alerts sppach ofthe Inka sero thelne mca edeetion ffs own community he lace where he ststol ashe spas, Akush theses ent pice in he mthi iter pa the mate etl chon inhi ep ye fhe coneraing dts (po sea”) and ny (hal he) rats the erent pis in ace esto tinct UTRACT 3 THE STORE OF THE CACLQUE ARB, | Say pen Vihahankae spp ht, Spa ayia Tk Wyn, prada Sy pemadauyoqenpianm layla Laylechuunans, ‘in Shae “The me of dato shack, Over ht sss from thr Ink Way, mere be kas took igs Aer ta lace whore tk ladgngs oer hic diction fom ‘hes ic rr thi wy the ume the plc Sb. “Wrowaao-erveAD® 1990: 76-75) “Th erin of hc eda i i nd heen oer a apes ode Sich vlna lit i ce 1intngetne grea int ponds pace gy tata (ital dimes es ly tk Sct Seton ie) Ty lk Wet, ‘ict fon omar pcre epee The me cs34 Rie Hoa double poses oink th op to const dhe Ineape a 3 ne srk of pr fn. elton of etedopntet “beoging"e Earet 2). The concep rl lye by Quchan desi and messes inch aerate conten (cea note) wtexspeultn tbe he srmmtical roars ight have ben draw up in Kiueaing pte formances spose meas expen the erdepen tency sen he los and ermeen he Kot al ting tl the eigen tantion thee bel TIndon Edore' uratie furthermore he jxspsig fsa ayer hes the events of he thc histor past to be ugh the pera [reset aol s"ther” rete "hee but “the” rete" and the pesca the mor’ potapsnis contra on a timescale) wih Ake domi id = Brod he c= ©. Tse TBs yo cofnton(ripl>ve yeti owe rr pertain ce veges he on more ters rl boron ane tr gh >) lich ree Campos yr dvheo) nc ers ining rs an Bcome tren cen aval epee ernst eo, od tenor preapeit Ccomecsom e e 1 etarelaraena They werchangng A 2. vardarsylayapings o> areheywerebanging A 2 pune te poy 5 }. puoekiping = >> wheahepumadlyB 3 Grykimane 3 epeledenesying A 4 Roya >> talon & 5. aispmmbunes > syinghepanedty 8 © hlgenman | Soe hind hin 6 pains cane by © “This ype of mae tracing is orm in dose ees where he story ine bears no fence w the spl conter of he performance the {nrg ofthe tory ong enzly within ther a tere IRrowsecf dle markers preset ens, personals liation ope tym or other devices tha sunt he eon cud he engined space of the vara wnt inhi an nal oc). Te peta mse Fees of ths mate crn ink betwaen the en of erga nd the crest fhe ar Aether way ory hearers by atachingthesevion 9 nae ‘erty trop the eof pry by his ean the shape of the tdihe sape ote story comely preset ach ter the ners folie bythe marae protagonst are uel ener the mda, the stor plot nfs Ths rking etre of anther ype of ty inthe Aha cyl a which she ncropopbagoa old woman ble to hve teeta da gure, one of whom emer ono Pre tery while cheoer eins o he oars the ter sie ofthe aly, On ai ing lal Lind, he ld woman estes sender of the popition. The Perel aes Sigh api ee te igs and Aca fo in ocprsie so doing Aelay veo the pth then by py nae Aiea sharp nie She els uo he ter Aca, who om at dna vantage poi, cat seth fal lay tla. A age ees ick ‘nd fog ace the vale the Achy ote meuntn opposes he ‘Achy on community etary at othe ight wy fly he icin op ‘heh In hednoge seve leprae mend adhe a rae als shape a athe lap ced nt inde nara’ ind tye and poral for the ben of tester What stale a a. tect She way the ctv framing (na be wy) is sured a the ‘artefact dmatied logue she nation ete ace ENTRACT 5: THE STORE OF demeaY:PuasuiT SEQNEACE Sayan hala hina" Mayeanar ayaa awa ‘ai ya “Way away i ~ _Mayanan mayan?" sty Wayeagan chk,“ Mayne tiem opr tai 7" “Achy Wy ikinareanas unarkn “_Aaytram maytane swan ay? Sa Weryanan chiki ‘apun apne arin. s0)gfa Krsna “ayaa ata ayes i=? “Hola Goran wep ip" “Moya mayer aya =p?" Thea Mahayana wy i *Maynam maytanan aya os Quon Hikawantaum sysytn aly" ‘Sapa pips adit ‘ay ropes mena? unpre Sampen isa Naan anange ay hla spam iksnary ms pnts ism, Sap sa maman hana Katha anc, Siyhos wanarga asa pistes pomp ay Spiigstim 29 Howard: leans wats? Dada Paul Akavuns ich pi waning cimamaras? Man ota ‘sya | ving bere Aaya, "Which ay oe? Which ay ose ig wom rye ad? sing pn Wayag atom ye nd” she sid "Whi ay tow? Which way 4? earring a Way, “Which ny tow? Which way sake ring om my fe?” sw gmp ard the en a Ae Way om mye — ae "Vic way rom? Which way ete ging my re ‘olla agin on arvng Sat Ware sie going op by lg Kr ow ile” "Which ay so? Wick ys the ging now my re Soc gong up Hala Qusan om; my een “Which may on? Which aye ce og no my re Soe gag op by Tens Macy tory re a” Aico Which yin se going nom Se ing op by ant Hike ney hon scoala ve any ote From down below you ka? ‘Soot king fom dw ore Asthe iteame on inthis deca) sbe cold ee any moe. ‘Ad oo nd cant sv any farther han bat bees the il rcs ourvew hac ay Ads sheared where here were to pope Kanes hey sy. ‘Athy kil be wonder om? Ty Uy bt er ver ere ners boule wa Hew i thy il br? vin Pa lot of people mast hae ill ber wonder how? Tet ra pt ery wll (HOWARD MALVERDE #89: 32), “Tae we of vers of movement and ye sales ainda dcestion of oye oer the landacpe is rl arate sch 8h wet the sn nfs on leroy. The tracing fv ditourse amounts Coatrtlemcinet ole tpogrpticl nels ngs ees Inds, Pr cramp Eta 5the verb sie (gop) wet ‘see dco fac, In Exec 6 elo, coast, ver Sule10 Ree Hon fsa meen peas ie - ‘movement ap the etn of the vin ‘ninety te rar ache sp and cna igh ont th lea erry, fareacr ae ron aca, psn sane im att ma eps ein Sorell“ eran apn yaa Nhe perapnnte crete ‘Main anny Me Tins re Syma crp-Nis— a Mum = Nigng“Ayaymennas hugely va aye ‘tui —y" nish aa, "a Manin cel sf hth he the of ball hea es a fr + Qi Kr 7 ye i “Here op ara Gig Rs ea chp ia: ig Kram, When ters hain ey very ted , Wiehe Marine Which yo ie ad teh Atay si “Now et ening to Maga Hi Wenge lee Mn a ch peng yy i eh ee uae oy sen pear, growing Heat Angay rm he (wowano-sesernin 8 #8) ‘Once Atay sth bow the il he view Back to he place whee Sr counterpar (a ghernared Mtn in ha vein) eee wa Smeets cin olan il bre gee. Te dk eases and itis ot long before Alay capa el ode Joel popeatin a deen Fut erecta EsTA4CT 2: THE HONY oF acHAY: PunsuiT sequence 4 ‘Enoves Rua Haran chiskirgs *Qnahsksanlaypage ‘mina sashanas wavastpe Manan toacerypallne yesth Sovten sh sical Ran Hick na to bent dd hei js alee” soit fob cd manger dees ft Marna, she wentenher ayinsieace. (uowneb-uatvnnon if. 38) speringatin 41 ose ws fe sce 67 hemp wen oon ft pon, iit oligo orl eabton fer negli Whee he pe hed ng vlna thee el he wet oft marae esas Sn Soy nn es ents ern or ete coger. Tiree hp on ny be ly ape byekng ch pcr en ga te cytes nd tla porno co We ese te lace of xe coca any hh Loo mc he Bagg of he mre Ti nar of Etc 5, fo empleo he ery tha she spout inbrsceons ance kning over tisanedadfoier Kate scl hry Web penn dusk pig feline ents i pal ein fhe Ahoy sel ae tes commrt “And we 0 ody, wee fdr than hi be Gare ht cls cw nh ay Other mares eet inher ps meyer pep cee etreions On eee Ud Cis citing ig cre rece tbe pa Thani ofoa ania ine nareion at fn cei, ac lop wn iso hs dam a ers of ed On sh eber hn ve ene ut he pons Iie te are nfl ae nox bre cs lee by ean ee pour ati dah pte pope ted epee Tura te re eee of ence tite tmegacton te eyelig a wh oem pd hyo fel he rele solange eer ‘reali vce Wat ich wee” lh eh ies? Iovegoned by hf th cnr nly pm ec he ‘orf hs poten no fare poy o bere rnc {nthe dsceplono cay ve rage "not poplar ed ia twonderhow Ibert herd chap ery well rl ee Pla theme ne edge of te rl in by the al ss iri Rpm he nk bree Inwteg of dopey ada ss Knowledge ssl HIS'ORT, MENORT, AND OATA-SOURCE MARKING Cannes history ad airy wih place are tal ound ph ‘he eperatn of epsemoleie cep in Qoches ol curl expresTANLE.1_ Epic Mody Mater ie Quandt Quest Quecua Coe Gamal) Val Sis Paste eet knowige see ‘ces indies ge > a rect ese potintbepresae) nea ‘nec inowge wa = Sion. is lean ere to femind oushes ofthe gamma means by which he categorie are cxprened nthe ngs. Quan Ay ‘ter Amercian anges mma mak nant dsr ‘= "epistemic moday"inamamber fw In Queda, is cto = ‘seal i the tensor stem and in thew of ea suis, ‘The two elses of morpheme vere init eke set wt of ‘he ests desere gen tern, or dice olga the ce ‘reported, rpectnely. The tones aie nd the evidential is ‘cc cordate a meaner the pester to nt th epg ‘Sasa the infornton beng apart ouec flea the tah “ale tine Sach rah). Tis eat of Qos rams hit ‘er ch commenteon by Andean searchers (0, Dsebuch Saat 1977 Howanl-Malerde 98; Manshcin and Van Vet 98), ssarytmcertealize the gst sit worn the Quechua alee pon jn Pairs in order fly appreciate Estrce Bandblon, wich peat ‘eit fam the nora ee Table 23). “Acorn otis stem, narrate dcoune preying es ni sil y the pkey, ch trie a he emmy yh i tory of the dit pat ecard by hee of thea com intone i Hames Quec. Th aguran ominatinia node Cnc arin of Quechua, Vato oi tim ase he pele persona wines acheel rh he eof there combntion i Ques Tn Houma thi fora cere inakeraion withthe pce tense thes be combiztion yan Found: Whereis peri slring wo evn no gsm ‘medal ele in the presets dsebed by oe peste» Speningstin 4 impo cas presente” preset tee) el for refering eens of contin levenc to the psn, ing ilar concept ott tote Engl pee stern in chirp In martive douse of the mthe-hisoncal ype, of whic he Acay stoves are an example the typi mraive ue ae. The moped wines sufi oes thes tren the opening sneering nternes, be then dpe Tre ule of sores earn el eacqoe snd i iter with sherk aca which make up the ober rin thee of Pair rl Airtel avowed inthe jority af he enions Lear. ‘One tla version, weve tof dn Ean, ies unypa se of the sie psn he pret” tense and ws personal wes ablation to is inst mle na omy ees concerning iso persona se dc of hi renee bt abo cove wich the nig ete Inka artpne, Exact psoas example this NTRAGT 8: THE TONY OFTHE CACIQUE AMEAAY, 2. Fernando Anes aus Ll Kvn amano yapy ‘eilespa-hay guns 3. Phmre ks eada-on-g2 Ape Raga *.Cunyarcin omy... fog on ham se sysctl Fra ace ks Li cic lass rr-shan® ir ay Paap ‘Samerlcaemsgy evid-t-t Flipet 1.1 begin speaking now 21h you the sry of Fea Anny aig cs again a youhae forge |. fin phos of residence a Ape Rages 44h othr dy you mre lang photo rer here, thats where Fernando Array oxic Lal ved ‘Then he nas ae oconquet sping "Lets da owe ie ‘Lim and lacs? and hy set hi covey Fag er (Gomand-maeenD1 19038) “Tas we of the ps: combiation sstined hog don Fa tris performance mbes be dese he alleged pe deeds om ol ‘Snmiyterstoy of there pasar mht petsmgs. INT tee hee mart o his pater, bowers:ERTIACE 9: THE STONY OF THE CACIOE ANBAAY, 3 1. Say ipa Car pty a i-n amagamisty pa Care [ntsc cd cirerrh rap creo fnertuoa, 2. Siycslo-ch rst shy ay poston eine se aoc hte 2.1 pron a-gen Ea Mtl Vilma at kg ‘sy pramoo-p a 4. Sop wile ate “Tasha inky mame tay sugges negncomte dura ache fama-prsi anyon yt asker Se de step lecosciayerreiene tne 5.'Mahe-rn-aa areas willeprrta-n 6 Sapien syria. 7. Siycha a-0-s io cmomento-kun- 2 Spe eearpa ee 9. Sani poe ge Op Ca pe [Thee above Qips Cars ore inthis rst, on hie above ‘ipa Cara he Tks et hind he rnamens. 2: Later om in recent, nef Je, ty sy that some ‘ad od tacos a ie, 4-Thie swt be old me “ound the Ink ornament ind hen 1 ‘ido mysel What rein mechan mat be aking arent, ‘round ere? whi Tae talaga loo road: by ee ie tered nc, the ermamers weenie ayer” $.2They were alll yea out on the ground” aig head me 61am us romebering ha oe 2 bel oeaents were stl hee, s0 they, {That the ory a he wd 9, Sothen hey pase ly ips Car. (WowARD-MALVERDE 1990: 34) Inhiserc thes fromthe nacre: cmbi sin fortaling aboot the dee ofthe Ink (ine) so he mesa ‘nes tay combination ine gy sinh perceive epee ‘legal ttf theintrmation being mpl ine the try tot Iw the Ira omnents meres ing aout on he gound hen ony 0 Srangsien 45 ies ire ro eae evidence fom thi pty the aes “oan Inthe uterenecs here he ele eachge of wd ea wh thw, the peer the ponalcuins-misain combine witht posto rnse y(n #and 5}. Arson athe anesthe Peers ad wo sy conde (line Bronce th arm eee vo hea of pons wines hye Fr te main ery ne, ling ane the prs of the Ina thvagh he plc called ipa Cua “Teel wha: prompes the utr of Estat aa 9x psn seston for ing abet mythic hitoncl exe na he id sonal partir, se us oo to texte ctr, Don Ea Ines a ocdrout xc ofthe comic of ern meer the Com ‘musiy Admire Counc athe ine of hs performance, On may ‘eesons in crversiton be daborated on dis, he neerpettion Tocalbaory hes yrs blame or science te present tbo of he ecleraneiquf the par Conceal he pet ‘ontethe ain anchor fp pale ators wih pont srg nd facilis be ses in fore way. Ata wuber of ee, is Ste soaizes rset ein rm of «pst hat sl helen bat eras Asif Yee the sage, he real of he nae cod Smpetormance yas of posal drmonaratin phe here thy se" iy went hs ay") abd che econ uli-ne- on eb of tive, aif derbi the af the eka comrade pear se peas (eedicusion of Exsac above) Wares in ob ieee Ever pst rset tn sere te dod fh iq an he Ink being is own direc knowlege, the eres feta the ee ae Aseocated with he nun rpogrphy of hi soa expencne, cali there mana hroughoat inate.” “Troigh pragmatic se ofthe ramnatical manuces oh anges, dn ‘Eda brings the past ino the presen. The Ink, concep an, ‘emt thesptinemporal def ccm ie esperionce Wherever thr ealision to ame plies on the cl eitry this na. Paces that Ascincrwieess ada, Whats ofitresisthat when ke ies word ‘tm sx source of information econ net he rovers lndveshoowtege making. Ths prpmateweof language sages tat fr Quechas speaer, win the Famewosk cet worl vow dt sertsin comets of wteranc, lees sek ue than perl44 Rien twet ‘CONCLUDING REMARKS hep thi chapor wih sme observation abou memory, recalecton and ioginton fm te point of iw of Wern cane din. Uva ‘hat fora marker of enn, Weer sheory af mmo Bas ted pp ‘acon tot operation an cea funton of rcmory nde rai Inthe Ansa theory of meri tht ela the a oe pce fiw tn Ede cca reyes cok eto of emer in Andon way of king a regenerative oy herby hep previer ‘the smbobeoareesfor making sense ofthe preset and projecting var the fare ata alle one fr city and agg. tor ‘eling, ths regeerte pimple actress cine reat betwee he ‘orn comer ofthe lnosp, he bonis preceded he [formance ofl lina mre. The orl ced in Exact § ‘emp the eee of his toi when she cai tow no ore eb the ory “lean th hl tha les ei” heapig the diferente eric we in he sacar of saratve doer, fests of rcs have bens oth cite {doe exper of he eons betwen inde, memory, ‘dnc. Only by adopting a omer dependere apc tthe ay “tthe storing vena treat tan theo ede ‘ut Caran fers of gamer in particle bea ee tal he po- ‘sy, for evap, ng ensntrnal anges (eg, pi fee) ineking th exerting ofthe perfomance (op cpl rd therweof yosenivemakingin chaining lace uns): buing abridge ecw styling nd tory to (eg throgh we of evidential ates). "Torear omy opening ques, can onl spelt oth nih ‘we mgt un rom the abene dig or our understate pass ‘oamuncavemediun,Theimporanceo pgp now forte ‘ction af emery nd the genre rl iin eos fey provides che: Laneayeis Anan ature can be scene the rere product of boch verbal acon ad ital practice, which reached mt Sree for of exprenion athe ye ines kai My pea they ech embody ledge, pce story, dees the metry. At the mom, we might spore sme ofthe eal Feta of Lm ie tha asa seer of otet-dpendent atte, ise ‘es eel abs of nag eho sige aiohave been pled te process Spensgsin 47 ean wl ecoding he sya the ip notan rings. Mores tetas the bach sa austere order fa spect oo hw that Nery might have provided rework the splendour generis eng (png 0 ey emule dacounescgmertra trying seprecefincsnsy witha the ye whole fr ean) Farthrane jst spas onthe nape cube pltedandierconnte in bot artsy ried [wma he rial cane he ip a topopegacaly sre oeonk of eaning-being hots strings To ts pbs tex, asco the srt fen nati asus kon ve orga ety othe performance of he hipaa wend amcor sen er farther ec ors nt nl nti hc i oi aed peraariccssayiormntipsneaas so Sia Seam ae ee fim igen eee eee lei let jaar ei Stat Breer than na tnymanyanei cris ara Besta rendement Fe etentlewcneemnenrat te Bea raya Seay cipal a 2 cg vw eg yn Pei ener ET iS Imertoea Srp oe Far an We nl Cre the nde” ‘nthe eae he csp ere len 8 "Tastee roms rp ineres crdeaongBn( Port nce nacre) a orn he een Flo a Poca Ie at ie heen mae ety eke trip een mine” ce cranes uc se‘te cone enn he dre pt woe mo at wn od ect on iN ena rae {vps henge to eye cy Soleo a ‘iin cel ha aby Ran elo een “a dn pce 19070, 1 io rato te on ef evicn d bespc een ig dopant ope The eh Goa "ni —/"stoneemis ey prfanamen sl an wr hn phi a a, Aaya pt o wy he ene wen oe tid ibe sheen oe fe [Theat et "pe ngs ‘ee primp ye thd Eason tester anon ‘ede ary someone tala i heal ote ane orc TNccinanlyonke vache e wl esa ae Chef aes hal he beetle henry nme neal cain eo paras ce pe etn erie easy Soar ug Spe mie eee MEGA eee wry Sate opigeemieceesc cs Seemann sec rae array ache ero aoe a oeu miner eran Sone eres ean ea age Thalowieelatnincaroneter a i Si 7. act Vin nl deny ne Hi feces meatier Pagid aware oghrnties Saar aon eae ely mmpeinademdoran re ereaaheh tome qatnepeeneee tenant ae sane aeeet Sanne 49 dw cA Ua ein cn A Ma at rn Cicer nc ie anne ene tmnt ings he i: Tne dT Nee cen ern te ges Cn Nie nar Sag ay Wisi eon Wy Hpi hs pr Lc eb hn sO es aL anh Pre" i ied Bayh nan dey cy afer Pes Tiny cfs Gn "stmt ea Sn Pata Tp Smo Ree mc on ely Pe Dna cfnm a cn“ Vl Carine Lang dy Teak Wight oto Cee Ha inniy cn Kit“ Die Str ce srr etn ine PR mas pcs tial ain an 1 Con Bl A nen ily i, Cg okey of Chico res. ne phi Thnpan, wo cane Cat ny ee an arany Haas att Moser 4 et rn ae na inh ha Use Ric etary hind sn ed Res Pam. : Gn te Hof sie an ie foe ‘er Fc Tt Moy, La: Ro KenPART INO STRUCTURE AND INFORMATION IN THE KHA Khipu Information String Theory pAREE Wiliam J Conblia ironic ofthe Spanish Canon of Peru provide but eines: jwor-c-nuchreportson the many eof the pli and ntesting device lla iu dhe he Inks wed Ahough thee epors ying egos of rly, the Gcvery, the ets sce he Tecan! tips reshape Peele ee pect I ton wo thee repre the wes of Ki, Felpe Pa de Ayal the ade ative conler of de woes the eom- vide many deen apes of ie A compari of i dein hip wit corre hip nde that be ned had a ery aerate feof helo and fel. Me is dewingsow Ki ing eld to ands nd pen ut, cig dip the ende,nd may Vth inmger ne cine withacrstng aks of Ls bureaus ofl drone Figure Hy however bow harold py bled le nd ng cre, Sone ftp sel in exer ay ee “gre 32) hve ety the same rll p spa fr the Kip being {ed in Gan Poe's ewig This eta deta ma ae ver fy hs Iti fs Kip a te a word tat a teaching np {ators fora tips nfrmaton tery [curso the mar of Kip endo foes on the word neni “Tone who dit modern seni of te Tak ip ase dha ce ted meget nthe min fhe pero oli he tian tha be Tiel wae wad only vo tha person econ fret mer:QVMITO CALLE IAC |Sk Wa Cte Mach of te coli evidence ear the eof pun posteonct ines sined earings, nt at Teer The explaion ay wel be in the pray all we of ips {orlong dence communion easel compel athe congust thst the we of Uhr ete, chongh emenre, ao loess ecard ‘hing cot ine. Alora of oral information actly moni. The eersand ‘word om ths pig aroha information bt are mere gig at jth merry ofthe certo el ound, sociation and seca {he combine pie wat we commonly eer wom “the mening” The ‘lactating inca he tet a ode ofa the vis for ‘rain proved sch + these fe ep font athe pacement fei pant ‘on, adenine acing, + the jour and prop foro he informing he col ofthe, + the sen of eters that form the wor + these an groping of words hae orm pr ai “The sounds (phonology) ascii (ean), an srctae grams) prov by he eptes neslcelby the mind th ser fon tose Tren lin comma reader and rina of progein thtwecll Linguge Te fine reuitemer fora eer undeandng ofthat das lear compecenson ofthe ordering ofall he val pecs of edt, Quite ‘throu a woul be ede f+ Ehp dea ent an eur ‘edi oa he cil eontroction evidence in Apa —a under ‘ending compas ro our deta cay, and eae graph compre emi fa ue of et The scond requirement for comprtenson any wader of te rogram o language nl i encoding the Hp The treo that Kips gram tl mer of wl spect. The lng fencn of he aks Eni ws Southern Prvin Quel and pase to hve ome ‘whith ane poppe debtanas that on of Gohan esses ltr ath facavny sehr of be puter gered he ie, be ry have ambled el nape Wipe leguge bur ie woul cs tan hve di nbn te meage fhe Ep nea Cue Ae ‘hugh Quechua guage wth ee word orc ctr of the dar in Apso Sing Tey $7 of bent wo sem to be an agproprise way of ean The inl peop forthe Ehip render vera expresion ot inthe te resentation of nalpabe. sin wet, bese chs eine wa ot wten gage Quechr consid only of eli sone a erences sal hi sect tes So pitt unde astro pen Quen aresome- eed inthe iu, Hence we thik tht nly aro one-to-one eget conser Mil Foals elegunt ems She ar of aguas the ane he aka i She scxnh concur, rel language i oa oe inp sign ifr and uniroen enti och this ol be tec ne by oe an a ae ad so esr thet parila rth I irator an opaque, mtriow ting, cbwed apo el, | agents gina ee inven wich eo "Sines or and therewith he forms ofthe word and becomes "yen wih thea mach 5 hat all hse clement taken ote, Term anecuork of marks whch cach fhm my ply dos "Se play nation oll fhe the, the sole eaten FoF Sn, Panto eto of ida? ‘The in pars of hi chapter, thn, describe an in dtl he he internation ra he segue sore n Kup owe ‘even wien wed understand the ordering fhe data, we wl sl ot “Meemering Ika Lnerare, Bother has two ain paposes the see an erp to quail the infrton contained in pe be {Mist anvsr he yon wher or ot here enough frat {apy ina tip erie to concrete. The ia purposes tages atc of wha we can soot thertrcrare af na thooght from sulyng he organization an sacar of hip even ft fall es Bp ere or pred aman Part dvings of hip eFigare 33), when compare with ui lla Lp sem sctrst mpi nave val faey ‘rid Kip, Cary nag pons nen of thi bing ge teh ear and ing cared, bt he pols no ages ftp sea Ir sed orcosinesed He dibs mny wes ofp, do the eno les, hr he sys ing sboa heel crentom, However pst lt of my theory of Hsp infrmoton tht he equence of conraceon flip ihe major to the eeepc efron eee-Koowing the nar oder of rein fine of Westen ngage he neceary fn ep toward undemanding the meage, Angst Teak ‘paw ae hve begun with reading thes, but knots wre he ar, ot ‘he frm, conagel ement nthe ip infor sing So in Lenching an aveignon ine the proce of he craton of spn as na koown ieformaten onthe sujet xs we ere oF es.0n cur own, We an consider two methodic: on Sind comparables in tbr ink ae ore races nd ap by analy te wil ed few tlevt snp fi ‘singe og hada shck ib Aitipetmaon Sing They 89 [COHPARISON WITH INKA FABRIC cONSTAUCTION Aton ip are on tg fa form fee, chil they te {aes ad ees anda hc the diction import. The cow econ of does ot ines loom o allo arm, nore any ter Tic or cfm of ineroding of cements rele. Alsough beth fel a iu oe frm of aries the bse lent of hei costae fest the roses of heirontrctons are dint erent Ia wer ing log threads re cred ant ceed in Bas or also se he “vnping othe or ali th cornu north aetianof the we Freres in Whip consiraction, tere wat 0 bal of eine oak of a fin wich cheval rings weve have. Each cord war rested os sige fie srucrre ys poco of seating is propos tei is Colors cin pening doing, plying, and ly toring q Aisi 9F tueu coustaucrion “Th second method examine hip sacar ee Fg 14) and then, teisg contruction lp and reworl naations, Sve potable com srction etindaog. bean ‘We can gino mass ofthe probable construction proce by ce sing ponte: Pro Ue ip contraction ronan canbe scampi Insithers set oes sanding potion, bt the spec co of aching Sudan of losing conte rou two has withthe priary ord ep torety nance, Reding gas requenens Ose on ha sem nay sew ead and in practice wos ite wl, Resto one en ofthe prinary cont Hercen the ex, thereby ning the to asthe moony thd hand ee Figure 38). The sence of ch images inhuman Poms Nasa ny may hive ben bce be neve weed sudan veto tay hive ben eee war nore preset hloceaded ener of ster thing of Spas, ges hiss si tion the ground, Homer, ths ors, poo he toes uncon hid han for thecrenton of tele, sed by present sheen ‘nthe nr cont of er in the onstrction of thereon Ses? ore te develop compres “dooy of th oer ofthe ipa Informacion senna omer pote, Fe ape hip coseaction mun bcd material contusion lemes in Pega ping al aly The anda Ka Kip wo cotons de Sing“ py x thn Kp hat lk ete depos in Gu ‘man Torr document: Ply or hn al of al exist Ep eo hat rough ton. tn mach Ap oles clgh spare tral colors of eat ae wed (vite, ge, ig oer, medi brow ar brown, an ate) with cong eng eely descent onthe coon colar dictions, Ded ed, partial Ho ot. ‘Some Kapa that emai n mae-orls untouched cndion hive en Ide wehin hi sigs cotton bol spining dng th he Tn ben sc neatly thee thos meter oten wr defiely no oa prc fore Las: Maki! si conta “Tak uch lore coon grown ad elon in the eaten of era: Never coon wa ue forthe wp Ia garment conic i in. and many bra ad mie ton dbl ete wth serial Toadesigs ato seu clei Teor, hig I inch contra flv eel oto lead acest coos know-how We have Spanish secu wll archaclope confirmation of Tala npr frig amatuer a well fh soled eathex workers Eve yd psa the dep forsee of teenie, and cl reconce thi creat Ieee args ee [Beseocined aon wortare Aout enw eth das ri ornament (with Genome vanes viable wap Ame Rove bares ced nly es ic har sop Be Ameen sem of Natl Hoey GUANH) coterie ac te Pre). Once he ip gh Techy Mo Ue nner enti ofc he! tana ton ips snes el enly eis so, gil aed hed ape Gag fo conics mene soy gh of sod Sc hrt Beep eed ara Orea ence ppl ep Sic res (ce Pee 17) Apc ra ope inh Bence bese ie be de oon tach rigs cks hn conn Cryonics rom he atrally cored mater she Steion ess shee acceso teats woud ave ben in tharng lying, bu fore kong nd he wer representa ofthe pr uy formation of he or hat tea tried vpn” bye ting i42 Wi) Cain HGUVE 3.1 Dura mg hte es seth dad ace serine) In aon to the bse conan hips andthe ice apc Hip te somal sper of achacdogel Khipu eis. One sch type the ‘epee Ke (ometnes feral wast dee bythe ie ‘hr Cahn Rah di Pets aed by in gi de cnt tut are ao orl yplagyof ipa has bees dvcloped Annes ‘nic rcrion, eho ofthe nontandid Kh nthe Kip cect of he ANINH seams to real th eaten of eonal se f tip, Such gp send groupings imply he estens af al oof Hp The Ink claimed exchacely hi on hci st high oper, logs lee that he Inks stale aod ering rode ba co ‘cel en rl thet form he ere thr Becee oe of ho et mos ren Te eatin ofthe aks Kip ay wl be ida. Tb cvcltoaryevclaprent se oh geste yt chroicer Cs Se Minwhen he reported tht "ihe spate ff recoding informe in Jr bce sore complt wide he Ya Yepanga who est Ben 19 sad, fa before his ine de Yas dn avec Beyond he By of Cee ipa fandametlly we the ar cto of he tei This poly lc fom he py wen terest of thi oil armen ey helo the atered eo bane pe Naa aks do inns gustan ogter whe dminne ren rds yellow ond ttn tend peat a backpanel designs The Jen tefteneetothe esning of cok in ip sch semen ellow meaning gl, es on, png at Kp were hy rls ao aged bythe uveng eidence. The fundamental colar ng of Inka ip ses ores athe Ge gations of hi marl Dror tsa hie Ter in cee anwet 10 wy the Una mel cto fr tie Kips ‘at than slp. Va Rows, he apuhamayg of he American i Bears of Narra! Histor’ lage collection of Kip, els ha etn ie Ibe anda” beer than alpacs. Give he te soln Bip nds hve with he ana Enger pap ato was refed fee sane srsory resort nderoear made of cto td oro wool Neverthe, fam 4 grip eommsacton pat of em the rks wore highly se dying spc od a cresting ry patel fynonlfl cles with hoe ded clr Ako the ange of pene cols Bed apn far exces the ted ange of naturally colored cation. So he ak sles f racy cared coon Fr ep ay have bee for bitoni resons her than functional ones Kip om ear ines, spel cmt Hanae ofthe Nal Hrison Fei were com Arte ently of one on aking te i of oes tbe Tn were Prokby simply allowing precedente But in adn othe precedence af Male Heston tip, cton nf which i east roc hal vst a tie rena ligos asocintons concede sping, ping, md ontrcton~ conta aon tha the Tl y ve co-pt Wena nd ae etl Kip ae mot woven sare hey newark Kip ae a ‘este have + singe ne for th bse aro. The Inka ered many ‘ope of ena ne fit tat be bad ruta come1 wii on sly vith hip such suspension ridges, wore’ ectac, and he Ink henthand orl She genera Frm f the Lhipu a ssp ine wth endats—s several oer epesions nT fais. Ako ther x ence ofthe great symbolic impartance of fired on bls sachs the Seloring cing repre yon fd chronicle, Crile Mola: Inthe morning he rics brug ca the cs the Cae, he Si, the Moon the Thad nd the de bois nd plac ‘hem inthe ane The Yok alo cae oth an tok place near ‘he Sun. The rat ofthe pope had gone tos hoes led era, ear the hose ef the Soke avery lng ale wich wae pe shee, wove in four alba cy whiter and elo a the couof which hve wna ou nl of ed wn Evry one ok ald tft de men on ne side and he wom on he es perorm ing theta iva dae eld yey, When te Cae othe sue ser mang eerste car andthe Yl they hap fing round and ound wat hy wer the dpe of «pill “Then they doped the ar on he ron oe ie a sake. They eld hice Mowares The pole eur 0 he ps, nthe who ad charge the cable on cht Iwas: Wes de ler hi fen they were ene ches cal jury una ik shi wth white hand and white gee ‘ete een They ao wore wht panes om sealed et, Presently hey broghes ln ne tre! fr the ae, ee “Thisstcy lode sits wih suet of meaning we cold wall "Mwao: the mother myth ofthe Ui” sal ed (i sre Hs, isu and fen es, apne ranking with urine nd wi the satus of che goth animal erie made to a the fact of ts ving isownstonehome—all speak sloth il mgt of eos or the In and of hie acaptnc the able alld Morro ighly imate ent lng the mds of commuiy "The bie ofthe Inks ox Figure 39), probly th inate tural cient, uly wel For maki ra conn suspension {o css aly. The eincosing cond ithe po peal pero m0 treat ction, sy hough nec beger wer tsar mc ‘were compe thn ip ‘Onan cil deen caltha bridge bt oer in concep abip ssa pei are af an Inks woman's conte An elaborately cout Akupesrten Seg Thay 18 wth pendants ws bg creche an thee of the cord ae thr sles wore tenet ther pu (pin) tha wer wel wo bal per abr nes). Liss ot erally nae the the edges itis ‘tw point spend ne en ala remie and misiere vote et Fee iguiner ner sch pended corks ce Fig 3:10) Tip we thi Ink snpesion hin a enson rac a aa [png and commniaing device, Ung eraasogy Ua elects te Tig herring of Kip con, we nel ht si eon Tete primer. The wo cn of pemary cond chancel era on othe ced em hs ny pote byte dbl of the or heer the opens has fee ended andy ated sad wrpped wo orm atl, selng Moa’ descrpin fee cable (ee Fgwe 38). Tampons nec rinury cord ha a hve been thes=i Jinn semen of Kip to be control td nt heer he th Begining fur eeasreed hips informant ea the sacar oi it ilo pei within tb ch ond fom heparin nal ee the aur ofthe Hip sata curs ad ph decane Thus the peimary co sing Inui ere aul el be el hen cond, An example ofthis “snonnceent quay of peinary cond cen Jn AMINE B/S,» Kp tat wa nally coded by tip lar Latin Laces Figure 33)" Seon Cats The seco ora then repr aachedin segue that egae sel Sie endo the pmay son tat sig hhc ha rin we. The al he open nd Thee amet pst ner the Bop pedo: Sh rig a ten led Belo pine rt on tr ene pep i Thea opener bron erence The follwing another hes Be of accnne or lotic ope en. The requeace of ord reap, Barone os the clone end wth opened moe Apc respec secondary cord ha teat ina anv ttn ene peal lation ts groupof cate onary con Oe Bead ere of thr conte ei: gs theta ce en he exter of the gro Bb ccerpes i group Lake bleed htt sempre far fr By cord reper! wnat aly cerpe Gro te nk Lon Becane tny seine pent the so of the mambers resented os ite tnt riers oni nce cod his mci cond, the op conde ma gcaly hve bon record rd eet erie groupe econ. rece of the eon,indo ria i he two-ly yrs hs erentedarethen normaly hms do end repli Zdeecton forma cod tha then dsb and repli agin 10 proce § when stall in he hp (ee Fgre 116). Ang wie ‘ere of ping and dealing programs were wcll meal pec + lve Sth ume final appearance ea Found inna tet, bat ‘one prosca bya each more copes pocom. “Th Sith comeonappenrnce of Kip cor seme cords tej ‘the opposite. Rasy a ine Lp rtd in Fe 307, 2 te co son appearance, wih 5 eng exceptional. This evel of decisis ‘hon nesional and endeubedy mayo enbclig information In “ater Andean ext, spay ae phing destin at cers ple, ffenlaalgoupings al of ris and magical alse In hi paning tod plying ecearbefore kaon an hele ence eater informa thon har esd i knowing he inornation een bing ated ‘hetipakimayay May spying programs exist such thew derbi Fg, tnt hippy typology ex nye When wo yar ers ae pid nu dbled eget a com i prtione a thay ac wound area, rodcing wht soy lle icp yarn, Hwee in sch rts the ano appennace spot mideading Alb he poston of he Colors doce change he clo ati ft yar colors stay comtant Hower he ewo oltre leterocked ante dbl lth line po om ofthe cole conan and prc cole opal ike «kc ele “The vty of pring pps wees slmos intl Gee Figure 319) ren the mot vl complex appearance sox dB athe i ccc determin conructon. Colors at plying fata the ‘Rost fundamental lee of Uniform sing. Se, for example‘plead ssn tr td enegyamarrly wall, ven tere ned BI iicstntng din rch ery fx ce went nds te acter th ity ofthe Mecratcn, Tock’ tng Lr in wtich the meer of wrappings Com two tise Inaes the reps mbes the compen ef pie ari BE tony wo of te fo vee yo een ened ne Wp Asefigue 328) The fgure-cign orb posse ain the ere tg “ues” and th igure gh "ver (ee Figure 329)» Sue ght Bore i shown in Figure 150 Ths deren of the cpl fort of Bt ts in «tip gun renege Uden of the quant of inion hc ws pene aly encod tg pf pe a, Uihipe Kasts) [Seren ae Toe on Lose found thatthe poo of he oto a econ cord epee i pont th eal ern of 100,101, it he umber being cet othe op odode ofthe cord hats ened 0 the pmary cord. Ket lacmen Kip, hgh general etal se ‘lie coal imped othe deinal yal of he pone eorscreted by Sheers ‘amber oe rad in Quinn Engl a Un prt ith the Iipheorder fe Foe expe, four Ide tht seed alo ‘he sme saqnene a he plant of bers in2” Tha, the probs10 eiben Conitn on Ee Many hip show car evidence of the uneying of me ofthe ct—the seanag epialonof ere in wring Teed defers ealing {rom th fret Lt sees rama drab ewig the fe hu drs erste eloped since thr probable ying The pyres pe tmencce of hese deforming tht the kes were ginal ed ‘der somehat huni condoms sina domestic hoseel lhe ee ‘relia drir ovronment ert unying oscar. In some inane ‘here eco nde hen deel, hei camels samy (eds so boen partly ere, Sach de kaoting woud therefore ser tohave ccd afer the Hhipn was completed an had een sored aking ‘orth ery it lane moa information ing. WIPO INFORMATION caFACITY 1 194, a mathematician el Las, Clade Shure, wots paper on thea hen of cmmancton thats th tes defied od (Cu tloegs ca ds jer of eforetin* Seams rengt of er tin, ao wa uot te gal well apes aot othe nds! snag othe cone of ann wold), ut aber the sition 63 whole oes ented wah an deena ation with one of 80 co ‘Seon pon, or example team fs igh sch, then he ne Sion nected wth hoe tre poner oe ofthe two condo. Thit ‘it fifemation elle “ita word hit sa ceri of ary ge? Mather eer, the anne of nermationconmeed (bi) the Ingato the cum of wale cea 1 eng tag (0 he te rep tthe more aia ae 10) of reo Soin there srement of nlormaion usm the dra dg wo, the ‘he number of cones ht dfs the umber fb of norman. “Tope cuparsons beeen Lip andthe nen word finer tion stomge tie interst temp to meee Eig tnrmaton dig {al Hiweer mot helakrmaon we commen by vos soa ‘el ach iene reeied ym igtly aor nirvana sate ora ‘dial Khip epee hat url eed on rent yan tally eed by von and ach Bc atl pole nay icin the terete mate of mack A dean thughe—seemlgly a proeandInaon om x camaro of Wipe ‘nconpurers The ech worl ae refers wo the penile of eipoy Awhquermaise me Tery 81 pores Anders ec sion bt tm extagen or the mel ened, Suc Ace des wero rai ors trough noe ijt Ur oe ceca ae awk Coie ee sign go ets When he pint ier oar he ofthe por anng ralph tat ping ula Z ping lve As ping rn ona os pring Sing td ping Serta igo so ed tre epee reese ty atone aly pln eres dion var ni fe woe acl prepended Be nw ag gt eins rl no ier pon later eal apen pn pty compas rl ing hitman be (00 i morro) ef emp er Dir on to rm Kak Des dpa Sen i rat" ciety em fe ysl th pe fede bre nowy i ii tan ha on nome pha ana ro se nied slgowtes tance grinlovigro nares in onl wets tha npn osc pe nso ral ny sono of isin th mr” Anh Doin Symon of cierto ome a Be sal ergy rinehenbeal) cet, fl cor fsb wo eo We cen elon oe “Alghero ifrton nie emis, het ncn iy eee fo toy gem pyc Tidy 10m he to er oe? atl cs, by an hing pep Fy ple page 2 rari ath scythe mt en eyed iy lego pet en nati rng combine In hn ds ope non Fee ips rate ce che centy onto tks ie Fas Aching ony condo ee copy tony (he rary cd chen bing meter a aries he ar82 tn cnn sy cod) wold hele tht apc Forth der Corda oan sondern cds oleh in ny cen gave tht meer Bact el oy orton of chk ‘hema formation copy os tip va ein cee te “Thowmpare he nema cary hip hie i pc of compere min eh gt othe fhe ui ap ‘foe Inde up 8800 theme pec of nfs ‘ntact grote bcp ‘Seber cba ng ond wren ne AST spar coe ‘ved wefan comput Angled ASC chance Tt oe mums cops tert fw dove ober hres Bats he ws wen language rape ne when ae cose i snp sit caren ie el ar ASC code psp aly cin "et orb gpd on tert ne meth flowing “Minato dept iration copy fio were seme ate ngs of expen vss coded eon cen cord wuld repo to of rato repel nog {Scio ngs werd? Hwee eon tS sf sah «bot ‘ecb igh pena or Gach eae Quran am tag nngege oe coe ol nt wrk my peg Cary oe wel ads ely oral amb yet oe ee ‘eunings The atc of geyser ‘Sng acter ely cr ayo oes prs ere aumbe fais ering ng lr an 0 on and ‘oforh The pore th thew rts mb of te, he ck ofan daily dived conn?” tl of tempi to eit nomen yi Ep wae seco of peste wera ne ig cone fom of he fern na ip tit wern thermo he Qos ng a, then th lee fh sting he coerce of nfm, old ‘ind fr arom wr, beth hance of he tienen Soe sing stein fr he apo sd remem ht ‘pci the ening wad ne poe dd wes ‘conperuncow et seonday td try ite A fal Cond hc cng bl iforonion qlee ours eens ecm npr ses doped the nt lngep td ve sel do ot nr kw Lip ly ato lngeg ef Apu ima Sing Teay 83 son apc of Ups remain igh prolemat. What oes sem hong y any nals that ee pha eno iran er to have cated the ler” hat Guta Pras in he ha of sesener oe Figue 3). Te the characteristic of iu hive any oon resonance wth Qucchea ‘rusts? Parag the ely pone aye coe the sugetons Silnton has poitou ne Guach arernss hin with one of m0 of aueatition, whch we can pape eter “Tag sdb" This might te rw-p ate pin and ply de ha sem ge contest vor tothe informs cata a Hes Spin cent, and ts elated ply colt, es ot args te ened infor, buts ies pes "slot I cm le the prinary coed Hip the Morus then thee of thlop hth cnet that primary corns as thy age ages wih the alo eae eof the min cn might ames nl for Tenner ha reenly Den acomplia in studying chu man and sation adn Sul the ea mba of Qe at alsa ron of haat comment actul cnc and users Met of he norman ntipus eb lang be ihe ots edt non-aotinferton ts ball eatin of the ntomaton soot "ting the thap ftw re mere gen referents in language than ate sande ad amber Sedo he struc of th “eingae a of ts” in ain comparion wth ‘he sean sot of Quech must wentully be ccnp, conceusions 1 The ipa informtion sting theory presente inthis chapter tne tt information was ombud itn Kp ia a ners ssenc ilhing nati, eolry co estan and cond herent, one by ting ad the atachinent of ape. ‘meteors Reig Ehipa information mst ple at, syene Sisal rls of he flint eign tip. if = ‘ond in foe cipable of computer a it sai, ‘old be compared with sal lao he Quechua a ‘ape isl senching for le to comparable ents of wage1 Waiter) Conte fee vrous to-lthe inion of sori of oo rum of gpetiaions 3. Alhogh rc mesrement dos oe yt scm pombe itis p> [arent he infer stage apc of Ep ip cool cary conan amount of ioraton claimed or ‘hem ty the cnr Onc ofthe remorse ane ott deciphered Mpa dat weave nye tered en econ te infration neler enn. Ino 0 Ielieve ta he Andes cold actully rea nora rom he compe Tin gph bi ee never roid aerches of dhe sazrint the Andes exprned (a tht moment fontaine) yp he {ng the Sprints era ngage a hey ove foreger Alongs ine of our om aul graphic coresn thee ofthe Ble netwowLeocnent 1 onl is oes myapprecaon fer the fr reaching ots that Gary ‘Uren hc made tard he pal of eat eompretensin of tse ese ‘ene thatee come down 0 rot tel Hier ae lade ‘econ is own scaly sai Kip bt equally inperan, thos thing of conferences on te ajc, hierar Beldr, an his may Palen All ince way faa Lear one sabe his iain ‘th the poubily of wnderatanding {fal suns Pm de Al, Nac di fe tim a ai in Mani, he Lame of Iki he Baye ein Asin sre Teor ro 90 "Me Fon he Orr Tig New Yok: Vine oaks 29. 4 4 ml omen ee eee je Vine" Cat Shania Pci te ein Nah Ca Te nt 8 BC nd ry cab as lied ime (Wag. Te nem), 5-3 "Ran Pd Reve nes Weng nd Can Te Tl Mar Jar singe IC) I-35 (9 855, Seen Smet Cpr chs on, rien om peg ner te 1. Pte He eum, Boy, Cali, Quip 546 Fm ey S86 Gene Shatter fd odie Anupong Thay Cot Ra i igh, “Ecc de os up Stine de ec fn Cc rine by Cael Mo coms Nat oe Ceca Tenaga {CONCYTEO) 190) 3-8 TL Chin de Mol "ha dcoum fe te Rie he Yc ico ely Clements Man Lan alot 0 1 Wim } Conlin, “Te Inet Sue of Nile Hosen Kips” IB a sks ru tel Aton F Sar en Nore Now oA Sac RD), 22-8, 11 tnd Locke “Soper Nuch Gps in the Aan Me tose eed ago UNE, 2) #3 There harhen cd perm su (HOME woe unineme reactant ors rk he sa hr cee Th ae Aad Rr ey, Maeno te as Cal of te ip Ppt dsm TE Wine) Con, Seocre Ming At And Tee ia inbron Os iby Hi i Base (Wagon, DC I. Lai Tin Ge ri Rr or: et TESS Et Woes y Unico Sohan bb Tai si soni Elk by rn How (New Vk AS are ‘a5 iar UA Now Tin an OM Yr sion Kao Dicey tnd Ins Kop Burd Newe Fle, Dal 129) 271308 OS The tran dient bes tbl co ice led ct ah tro er remy apie ne e-Clai otey Keser tet op ih abel cape Sk nee intent pe at 3 Gary in, Te Soe ff Nar in: Oey Te Pr, wine 2 Gale Shanon nd Wien Wet Ty Mato hry f Com (Un nl Chr Ut oa Psy 90) Pend coment Dcaey (Tl NP Ato, Cah Gay Ue shy Cons aa Kp fp ni ng vel by Spe Hcsen Cg Caeser ss eget tet ri Cie Cee ty Romie ne wore clr ping nna 145,244,343,18 ts Canin fern uch Hem nn of hr lr! aay ea Sg ‘eerehakem eo lat es Reems en idgdentbdaecke gee meme A Frnt Salen and George L Use, Tie Hair Manse (Aun Valse Tso 0, . 35 JansH Nichi, Sas le if Saye Grama: Pima ot (outin Punnt Quan, Ox Setar hep ings oe Oxted Unrest Pr 8, Reading Khipu Labels, Structure and Format Marcia Asser sore hin yo age, my eollbcrace (anthropos 1 feta ty of oe 215 ip spe thaaghoa hice etm in thiey-four mse ad private cll Recognizing the ee And portance ofthe aie, mercado std publi dca “nourumernacwreinge (Ascher 85,185; She sed Ashe 197, and partclry in oor ook Cal of te Quip (acer and Archer we hive chartered the Ii ements lpia 9 tad ao expe that aac, eager coring soe le placed eophasun te siacance of urbe wel abel co ih wunbers ed ar mgr and onthe porn of frm stracere i he encoding of sfcwaton on th Kip. Sl, howee, ged ths many gute meri with aia and, wha ce, lok the porn end power of sya sys that J ter than spec und Here corte arte on umes ls, anon ests nd Sort Fie preliminary commen: amathenascar have cine eae the speci clarion is eed abou spnbobe stm: The ice18 MeceAater son inci ny cre sre en sits die een {Dorsey and wht are Frege fe hos e-em wp rep re ‘Spgs wy eens shen wn ad or tray te ng Sey, sen ne oe senro wm outa oor | ax wy he eg ere ee {Rute ot” Anefue how ona dpe on ‘Sted tne btn een tnd nd or hy pol For ampli ie Bl ay “wemy tr pt oe ft hence iy $214 uy em da ‘Rncnt snd er 20" ay een aren che bt 20 Ty ten degre wena mie ore on™ Tnveecf tse pte estan ening att gh inghree he pi anid Tm cng aly teen Enc ccna carro Ten pda wre od “te paren weno fhe ain yrar mean secchieecerayain usd peels indorsed Fepmenpinpicktaeirrianes cir erinrpriors Stra oer “hm crc pin i Whe des poo yeh meer smo er on tng cm beatae ou. so So nice cane cuit for cmple da he ern a oe ‘ShatieananisStmeratemgaa Srnec testes {Te Lak frum ining spas “Thefottem, 16-62-90 my soi scuty umber Toh IS. 20% ramen a muy thr scans, stands or March Asher. Thee = ‘ations culty hoe, oe ltersenoding tesa of my are, Dt ‘tha nou nocbea nique senier “Thee my, 50 pce eying were Live—mandy the wow ihn in Now Yr Sete. Many of stl wie ees ene tng speech oun for aes (sch 5 weingc Thas,e Yr bat slow ite cenary. In fc, post ee arene hem. And, eo of ener shawn! wl beyond the pol service. When rex, 5, know thei dowstonn bc oe cour 3 "Corel ops acl 0865 Sel Harbin Nin, wheres 809 {Harbor And, ofcourse, 20s Bevel Hil Mex by poe mre, 607-2571, anor bel. The es m= iuping, 7, epee x copra gion iw Syrian shone ton Now Yon See? a win that eps ae 1 ur lone in tht cle neon nares tht aegis, libel well forthe others doling tant ang oor wal ase The en ie, 32/5 it ae Ty aba tre ney thir veo, mace Wy ar March ene Fr itch thi And thn the al ker aoe wiguoasramber il, -472- 1, Te fist ig tine oe jor roping general acount ic aro the eat of igs sans for asp pls in hat the et fra pci bon by ht pubes nd che a igi igi. The proces of ean of he ad sherri. A inter section ag the dg che group desgaedy h dgit ihe en grog pul, andthe ubishr sis che net "Thon he hk dig rete which erodacra particle wie bse iis derived algerie rr the previ isin abel hu caning the prseing its be reed on he oe anda adc te abe male i ty wer gd” "til ogetr he eileen of el omnes ate. The ills he Mac Asc en ty, NewYork sh ca be co pone posing prt equene of tome ws boron 124,198; andshe sansa of book publ in th United Set he Unrest of Michigan Pres cate Ce fhe Qu were tap thie le pie tbo, S295 he woud bea mage emt wld be par feta ‘orsign spect of thse munber abel i tht each Bae ow “amngeren That sane ofthe way tat we csi dom, You pebly wo have houybrncrec or aud Kod sd hat es or on 65 62.805 ty phone nue was 24/8. The important pins that Inyo, we rope them for et hye bec ft Sete age smc, Vsiows anges le coe pr foe inal lesioned, Dene or stein. Thoy ae other ce nemo dries $0 sigs memory. They een of enning contracted wih umber aed fen tecentry Ararat, we ne as Hp aesHOUNE 4.180 nip cord qs anes (Ug intl he bere 25 Semantic ‘we would have een tight to ow and recopize many angen ove sng Kip indeatons oe exampl, out be 825/35 looks dierent fom our megitde 343 Wee It pe tee on ip cnt woo we gure for /24/3Shor Figure bor 3535 achat tare sp ‘al ype knot for ais posions (Lahey cmt in eding Kip, ‘On abhi the numbers resented by Enos cn oy wht hy be snug label ae the ath te planed eto the cord at The Inga sce of decor say the famework foe the interpretation of the dat That i bot he sacar and the des within ty ner ‘in, Each ary de by ow the con ae placed, hw they re spaced andy thei clos Code am be iced upwat downward the spacing letrencrds can serve rope sept cor tee canbe aie om cords an sobs on sai, and on, 0 that corde on Bet irene eres nd cons can be dsingusal rela yeas Fe stese Festus and hereto define th ge ert ay they shape the format niche pei data ate lc. estne vgn 91 (Ons diy bas we sly 0 wy on formats tht we fen oer how {eect thy ae ac how tuany of th we kr for example yo he al aloeation ina eapone bok, bt weiter every wich wae would neaigien. For arp bk Figure 42, op. Bsns iafernaton pret tn Pur 4, betes, ba 2 ms fl case someane ected forme mae yp of eons es srr pint al le in a tulad, ad with colimesceed y spi ctncen ter ad number grouping The commie oder de pl by the it tern test ame Ad, generals tlone ave the ame format Wh we sea wie -page phone bok, we enpzt a tephne bok from format We evn oe the cole ‘ello pages comin dere ore complex armen. Only rouge ean we Sk wii the book er pe infrmation the fc hart as een recopied clhne bck sey convey what ineration we expect to Gk BT syria eats we emote eed to or work bots, eth, fod shonin, an ingly more and more ess of oe Fach cota ellsfrth on ptm cing, andre oat a eof formats we er o cogi or exp only ae lel ou th academic world dos stant rad a, wih Meee cou i grade ney coure ci seit bel 50.0, cane meaning. For people ina heh are ping oF gm agrees ae, fee ors re ly oeurene Lees conier + grade alip bone, nded oan mara oe 13,1) Beer ready the son we observe ou od ge Gucly cee several fur vial ces. Tare are vera Grin ne, Azone iiding lina, bevel Mocks of pie goap! a septs Inspce, nso dots concn event pn grasp ae prin ems one dey blow the or. These ate wat ern sta tr gale they form glace tat prize the at nd provi ‘ Famework for eding the. oing Frc leking athe types of i in thence, weeny the erat econ of hang tury section, columas with decent aang St ond ome ingdataof the same arrangement. And. ees Tai nwasa grep oat Enola of che content ener wt ently tha he heading rele ll ‘hcinforation pric sen andthe onsecaticokms cota nrc cei and grade Botinen of cooing with he fsa grad lip have eave it shown in Figure 43m, no ipa, ting ony tember aba896-4173 ct sums zeta NE 4.2 Ati oe tp nearness Ase worson it eal rn There may ferent ways thor se lp of te pede pcm be expe on Hpi ize 43 fost negro of penn pr cone, Tee ate our pens pet gp: thei tedor the cour oer the neni wht orth isco tier then befor dhe sar of cei and ren fr the rae. Note tha te as grap bas jst two pants we Know they are the oes 5+ Soci wih he cei and the grade hace of hei cls nan, there angle eo cord summing he py ening he edt, oneness sing Trem the Lr we rata, ringer ed ems, see 27-413 eck sure LB om nero NS, or wich he ected 4 rei ond fie of Ste tok rune 1-28 fm ingraco 2, for nich she re aie eee an «grade of and 0 on wt over she eine 5 tsetnwith an serge pra of Thos cose bel incidentally ata My mle up of deprn enier ndacourse ener n which the fis dgticouneleve (2084, adhe os digt iso or re depend. Jones Jack 521 Upland D..-321-T622 Smith John 817 Highland Ra... 932-7611 Smith $ 411 Firs St, 896-4173, HONE 4.2 Davina cn mt ad fate ot,lagen wheter he oars sarily een i alr ping. Als, we din fa, rpc leer grades with o-alled quality pots Ie this comers fo esto magne hat eables wt tee te pale, a neil than aitmeticaly, which wou ot be pie there Teor leving this example nce never ater that oes ssrocited with formato teri: Her we read cnee ch sn oc, taken Foe imtretor vo and wre 30 may cri sd gre of Something The, course suc nd uch aan fem another inst ‘ied wo many res and gale of emething An o,f tines On {159 ete a ace hy John Morr (9S) a hing been rend rm | hip we Gnd eonmesine rept perl stents sch ‘Az they pve nso any men odo suc a sc ‘And they gave nso un ent someting eh, And they ge 50 me “An hey gave 00 me plat, On inanother pat, And xe 1 they gn ar hme nd es non iy woul ge; andthe veh 1 ys 15D bends of wat fom sow on ul And hey avec 15 days 40 pio anal an rom oon 30 "This cary format information a which the frat pode deme te fee “To ecognie a ome requis matching carl komleige wih ga secre Tara a gael one combine fiat with choles ‘eaion with commonly wel oman pees in ont coke. Treat ie, tks clr Enel hf be fog with Lip forming. “Thy ofcoune was much ee for he Las Mpa makes tha sf vs Ba ean be deme We hve povided a begining by ening may ips strctr inicees and aang, a whee pr sone that sel kag ortherogeat race These anseare abla the Cale fb Quip: Datla (Ascher and Achar 1978) and Cade te Qu Date ‘nat (Ascher and ache 198) onda examination bythe with deta ‘aperiesbowt dient contre wthin Ink cure, Pe oie tht pert nk carve examine online he gil rate ip, nd work with thom a win hon toro toma Frere fn of ili, Telow I bey suanaie some of the Kip sre indicts and sages 1 There are sly wo diferent ca ishing on the ma cor Frat ican be kro beter he Kip i whole oboe, nd mare all Kip bing ume can be eee he ame way (ce pre on 2, Thx ate cords upeaelFom the in cond (pend con) ad oppo rece op can) There re the erent mean of op cons ie Figure 2) Tp ears aere ogo pendant corde general nm heir ls, an hae nthe meets of tp-cod ac foo sme grupo pendants rm others Tp cords ae impata othe pide eral eres fate 0 nerrettion of ket ings nd, hare ed they opt the td eae gansta cod, Nowe, pear on cel aow 0 percent of Ep, TA sine ord danging rm he nd of i cord geeraly cone umaary of he ip’ norman ce Fare 443) 4, Pec Code re ped and dating by cond pcg and cord erp an nes by rr sping In ig 4 ar tof the prowpng ech cond bn Ge dant eoclatines Ech a vith pre ofthe pur pat of he hi wells with ony "yor } within ich arta wth poison within the oa Benne cords ur fader snocianel wr dtu by eck: Some fxnple sre shown in Figure 45. The dé example fom the op, coor rang, sparc significant, it enables the dsinction between Deceit are tnd one ta intentionally etd Ins prt ae proup logical suc thre group cach fering to four ce ores cin thethind groupe second xepry (Wht deren cee Th the Lip corps, numerous aber ws of color xc For erm Bees tip? cocaing tne diferent types of lor ong, One gs tna spc aod corto sepatat groups tether was fret colors ‘eal veoh hoe portion of he penne andthe tid was ing ‘onecolor ae way down 4 pendant and he, by slg coiuing wih toner cob, Togetier tee come ial recur ade xp of ine Setsoltreaty-aten groupe cen col pions hae whit me, Tiplighed crest etl te rues depen whether he sacred fom te po am the Fro2 Pesce ‘epson Bo a Dangleend ad 2ext Spal gourng seni (cringe co a cor) a pS 2 rope of clr i proper by ops 2 pope oy clr ence 3 pou 4by clr ening INGLE 4.5 hpi tn (6) ing a ter etna ge ne11 Sar Soa let Tesch of ste ‘rand piano co i : Of eau. ms ofthe Rhp aco th eg ha onan tion. The regula oes ae ephaned berboctse heya ser dese snl bean he eng regulary an be wed aera erebrton of ‘ar reding of the tract isto Mised groping ae ast oe ‘mon, such s wo group fo can ach elle yt ipso ce Cds acer groupe wo follows ya rep of tent fellows by 8 group of cen ey wel be the eth the ee elt aes ca ead mor deine moching with cata extegories (Subir atached pdt tp cons nd to cer abi crete diferent Tels fends nd xh el, potion col a pg ain operate Fg 46, op) For camp, one Kh we sca ‘elt rouse pants each The rope wees fm eich oer Ip colred markers withthe eighth prop st offen teh eves by fev icc, nd his incon wie ped by diecog Givin lyn othe nen of heh romp intndsoh fa ch ropa hee ec he oer {ov ishow rare Fgiee 4, bom Noi apr cn he Fp oe Cl Cl C2, Ch Then ech ment a oe ewer Gry psc, nd ch ie nei Clare On hse He enol fori seen ofthe gous these nigh ft hv cart een hry eT tet Sis only iC, Cl, €2, C3, bt shan 8 wd Soe fev Api, comin ch nT os ewer dry pon sn, tench CTvehae ae eiced cn ee the foro rcent r cone end cn So opr bg sete dt rge en th ng he ery Beir For cco omens or ae ob and hr ee eect tunel. Tex contr cel be for up ern, ests ec, pd cso, cretion, ribo aa is anwar plo npn ea Biss eben of ocr oe foe brenray. Thre of Seon om pe Tit ect td iy Conn umber tha ae her apis o als Th tad the fers alas Bot he atc ole enol Sith wc fal arctc of hips So, sin he pol ha 1 dite hp os in che nk wer eng bi ha ddl gh ren ah cur pra comes, One mt work fs Knowle i ct ome wit hein garb. To pms ony Bi ag nt ence ph ma age pe af ricer tne conmuirion, Thi ype of commu ok Nem hn eroel pet Inf eVect col Aare comeyed yw than byrne or athe wos hy ts rman Today nto dveriaonenes or king pepe Binge er oven Themen peglnrhocncoer Tees pri arctre orm wee fred fore Pcl Word COBOL apes The pone telnet thu ach of thom aid oe raion don in ode Bop ly cic in ca crv od opr x pr sm od Tiny ht clone wih Lip np! cnn ga ae10 Marie i wim ope alps soe it pu Sirmarre: | 343 | | summon ADA vid dae sed in pric, wid dt I lie to conan sumer aba fn what more he dt in df hrs, ae peer Toe hit pain fart in pa of Kip represents the ihe of he ipa eat eye tobe lly explore nd tht et not be ped eer bese oes ‘ot confor to wtingn seme thes clare AS alas the example of ig smal in sn elie ep in logic the ce ae wo completo cry seit “These wo sap alike inked by big pel tel wopeher esing pe 108 cle by ch more than hac Fit of al sg he wo dierent et fuking, we rica hem in he ne icin (oe Figure 4 0p). New, coe snr tay pang, Kha ero peda lle by 5 Gece pendent Khip 2a of tebe pean flowed by set Utter pean Hower yc, turer groped wih it chat ipo thx rope of rv a Kh four gop of four. While bp hes uy on very cord bas ewo sires on heme Tew nits second proap, hip 3 bar asubiiry om every or excep hose intsthind group Fim ar on, these wo Kip ar eno to discs ifthe ar comer nc char ary ssn doe in igre 47, ile. That have con sere than nor sractera lator Notice tha in each i, ping cobs, and cord eres enforce ach cin ats mote the color nd spacing consiencs fom Khipa Tw Kap 22s wel the fac that the soma second mbsidry lvl of po matches he som subiary- fe penne group on Khia 2 Torin dhe dll the koe lates aroma pf gl ks than long ks 0 gregh ks are ed Ar ach, we tere then ss munber Ibe and diply hem, a shown n Figure 47, btm, ra the aon hat wet eal. Note hos portant ei hasan ABA par pnt on ee ing we Kip 2s con srt AAA per Further both, the same data penton he ft ine pt one tespatl ai Dees dts on emt tee. Tat tte derenspetcinseanees of sane general ory. Du what at xy wil reais am open question, Intech, Ihave libre one eas that re cra to un sunning the oieal- wera eee of ia The omcegt of ners {Shbelsspotal The concep of rte apd frat re important for ‘heeding hie containing agate that for deci pha outinabelsFahhipa aspects har war ery thee ‘Soand combination of ret al dat lements ram the eral t= rtm, Wh hse in oid arte progres cn be mc at rexing Kips 1 epee ign Sd she paipreincsktmeeere yi the ps AS oe ng og en bie in Ahern LaAke 7 eel iti i Aer Aer ad 2's aSn htop oe hp in acd ck Landi dn he er ‘Wak andit che dace i ached OE A PE et tS yan hao ere Ms comme ape me i sited had Cn 2-9 An rlaresbyet arto Asean ere eg a aerate eae rare ‘Now aaa ot the we ate prc corn resent Doe eer Sirota Steet Fy in ele eee Qwipa. New York: Dever Publications, 1997. = 7 ET ne a ea {ihe ton Cond Uventy Aries ee Bee er fone a wearistinge me fe tay Me va br gies Ga En rp Taig ke Say RT yD ont Inka Writing VE Rabert Acer bin ee cmp of acs the aka hve fr to ag, ben se the one cation without writing. Hare Ishow tht the Inka cd hes ering sytem. Tobe, etal thestryet he itr en- vin btmecn Spurn and the Ikan encourter i which book aye hiring systems onc ta 0 noe plc nd eto mark the sta ofthe Joni the aka tat, woud surely bed pain the eu of Caja forces 1,2 Let low Poor (900-7412) vein of what por ehve ona day. Hal he worn, taal che bead of ‘hela sce ed entourage were on the oir of town. The San- fade dy Fransco Par, were inthe tering far Veoh» tmeseage Ashu nfrmed Paro th woul atin he las isin len dese he previous day to ake Atal prone Peer sored hs sy, with padres, nthe age wide dered hale Ways fet ples ings Latin tbe ateron, Acallp, eve on ‘and round by hi ppeter, ete he lr ‘Wr eh ape thse, Veete de Verde, 4 Dinan i, ppd Aorwss with» ible hi hand and added Aaa Heal dat ‘he deh and ourecin of Jen the sero the pe veal earthy re the Sprh morc whee the pope bad cried vo coer‘ve people and Fane Paro who was er now to ect tat is ‘Son, Ataris hat e waste suc af no mon, ta the pops smucbe ine w think hate coal gn ama the nd of eer snd poe ing toward the wes, Ataoalpa ean hath Goth Sow als Atal thea demanded wo iow by what ub he Dotan spoke Atala was handed the ie, and afer tening seme pase {tron it the ground, Piao then wiv «wht see the peseanged signal ack A masacre lve whi wn boa, Ae taken poner and bande isolwen were everybee dying he plas Fund ‘a watching Atal thro the Bib wo the round the Spaniand ee ha ey tok to bean isl thi elon, ia, Viet de ‘aren id ch while iro was repaint wine al Beyond the presmed is the Spider th atop of de het ork hin iow commun who, hi ees, coal ae valor we. Then naw erie together wi deren nectar and bly an been he wolge snd to sepurnte the “ten” toe the ws" withthe cao soi that th "ther infor Pattaya 19) The lean seton of the wolge vale in prominence during the waning years he wert cn "elie hatte Cajamarca Bde ws Gutenberg pepe hock st event eyes pir tothe confonstion th sole an ibe thet: bak pina Forope wih mac types sel Me say By 144, cs way to make bent inp mbes ad ached Spas (Gennes 1967: 24-25), whore wat ptt geod we (MeLahen 160-5. 27) tac that the ple corona tok place tome hi {ory with ome symlf tht men it hod hat secon some (Esenstin 197, Taclck 198; MeLshan 162; Ong 1982), wed sig dviion nthe word’ cals In thi nowy vida wld pene ‘wh we aphaetc priat woal be panel tenes: eeryny cc oad Ineo the erste The phate pin peopl re pon eth die ey and presen bet che pee “The ntin that human copii changer wth he inten of wr ing and the changes even nore dasa fr the ave alphetie int meiaatis refrced entrenched wee of nonlterteinere d ‘de Ht een and forthe Sime iw bo the resem ie verepurt the est Esdene pater em abrogated rye perspectves, and serail fom aud the mr om ‘nego that dhe erences that sqrt ee rt pepe ome ties uv often mistaken ed sally eng (Beemer 1985; ach 1989, Deny 191, Nariman 1, Party 1B, Paton 92, Seer ok (Cole Pst Sue: 188) Fresmlhs en sown ha inerpreain and rection, presume to bacon posible only ater he ntradction of rien tet areal ps en ony gore represent Fela 1091 OF paeclarimporance ares th uesoning end wenmton of the bef weg tome det err Gem he renewed weton > "The enkados iw of wring had ben be on a vohonay scheme (Gel1952 ean, So srpsngy im the Roman ipa ndence {or ischome fan boen dwn ugly fn the New Ea Eope ch scan wn gree ary owing Ayal oun iw that ir the Ameren, Sore et lei wrking oaks Gm ee Sentarernes 4, Dalla Bright 1%) bothers at wider range of phonmens i he rework of wring (Hi (95). The eel {ejsmilayeelcsersne of wring tome haveee oe i os ‘aise er event one clas (MeCarty 195). Thar iil sin, meri ace defnon of wring, br ested wad beng ins Slab ef Gaur 92), Tk of wring 3 ayo represent form, an Tecra da clafstion of wring etn. One gro cn be lle hoa co pein hen dwt Ga P2199. Aor oupareconseced co units of meng we tase the econ are leeds untofspeech sound. Example fein the ie pony nl chorea hl maths (Haris 1995. The cond erp ces a tabetha ae te, a exple Jopcrey ht ha ‘lees fet pau. ‘Sone seston chee (eg Hil 957) ad tied group, but a ‘inal gros oe crn ctw Be Farther aka inte soup of ther or ho pech-ound cr cone weting (eg Sampo RS) A ‘howl concept weg ote nt ound ne, cn be sub an theca foresaple fs dance ating othe step esr fom ea lag cecengapin ide dng “Tae Ink ip fs ire the crept wig group. Moreover, ely ‘hema ener purpose cample of This Deca intend ing ‘bout ed pheomer such dace or chanbty ean be il fr awe ‘arg of phenomens Ascher nd Acer 18D, ey wet om the pela knowing heir onnlphabetisoaed yt, eed aAtal and the aks writ ven cing i with oka ‘hips fade exp why een general air of writing meron ipa clin passing (¢, Coals 199) or not eal (eMart 1), ‘A contig ele of writing smaghout the Americ uy be pry ve Sons Another cplantion ther wearer to he oil Spray han we lie eo ink Wit the exception he nk the Spt und ‘cetespodences eewen thir oom mole of rpesatatin and repeaa- ‘inn the utr they enccrtered. Inks seracone al rot ‘idence insome of thet tania Hip, vere peal tore an ‘her eaperence (Cannon 19) In Ie manner, che wphicton ra wr ‘won daniels of Kips wring pce i at «itn frm on tal ‘ncepion of wring stn Decipucanenr ‘To dacpher known weg based whely eos on ais of sn one mist every reer ic 0 analy lnc sed ed weg ee ‘tem Geaert 198). For example, he nlcrip Rovers Stone Mae pos ‘lem decipher Egyptian wing by ference to Grech wing a sng (Gelb 1952: 72). By contest decir seemed te Oe ‘au lintel rasp ner fee meaning este of the cor ing ‘he wing A concep based system as general ipa wrking dos ot ane 1 alagle canning tens Draper of Hap wegen ly Inca soltion oi ort felted hip Tiss exec hip ring is aapable o many dee tens ring an foreach ich Src dieren por x of Kip core int big Kop kes tes who knew hse ater of meaning an th erent end Tibet conc: and spun isl systems, the esential rondo for seipherment at tobe prepuel ough cl als of heal ‘ure of he wring sell We eal hs eral scr the col ofthe wri Ing Inthe case ofthe Ei, he fine reach nthe code app ‘tenis shown that he op crt a he a ope sme ps Contained numer: that, when inte bse em were rn of abs ‘onthe pendants inthe rope [Locke 23), Furs cc aan ote teal erasure of thipa wing wing ie tae ered he gia ‘he sytem ond che importance nif fcmat, cage pair, hry, {nd mums se nel Bee mere comer natin ee ‘en are bt i ipa wring che aint as ofthe were ao iho hing to go ou the working of the ye lf Ache racer 18. to Inka mening sss, 50 necessary fr deciphering pu we hgh arcs nd colonial ecumencs. chalga rit ae rable inte refalness et deren presen, td hey cial cl inert anced ral teal rai, The ofthe Spanish conquer ako pretense ner the comsancs the accounts ar dino they ps from one cae tanh Spunshcoloi), where theyre hmerpeee ad hen 0 contemporary Euro-American) whet te eeepc 68 eas heft Nak do wih what wehave, isl possbletoSamthod othe icvery th eds jer for Hp iso opi. I scan agresk-spon hele for car Hck 962) {ice sptem of meaning esabo an organi or otber se fr empl, sesh ining of as In the Inka ase, colon sn four quran that reat cunwad Go the Tempe the arth pals cer and reached out the env the kw wh along he airy ines were mare yO cel ses els Tanda th hil, piles of one, buses, ad fountains. The dosent ate backed up by archaic eviene, icing te fant sites (Rove 97), and thee nan enced epreettion ik sendar woven in lth Zuéen 1977. sear of he iw ere aft the dierent four Epa haar cleric My elabrstor vere sl wo cate to of thee with one eee nerpecion seth with on trate erpaion (Asher and Asher 199). Te zc complex hp wa ied the aerate iterpeesin (Zk 1989), Tse tha hips deiphennet sl follow procedure something eit sed nee cate cmp. Fe colonia document that = fiend reece, farsi oni, a Inka note of meaning oat Sipping endence, devon fom arts i parla the sg I thera ap such suntan i the orp fora matching ip ot fone tt comes cle aac, Aeeatney es psi wo sar thpromis tip fom the corps and then serch document ti, forasolaton Tors nothing ccety tod of cede Ta pe. tie, the ome to deiperent entice: One mig proce, ey, ong ipa to docimen and then frm dames back othe same ier 2 dierent oe, With hu corpus sal the fon handed tt hn Sucve nd eam Be die the shace of sce ear lm alg alltbesbne routes wo dciphermen cre migh eon the coe 1 ne tonal euler ENCIPHERNENTS AM EXARPLE owing the iter rsctare of be Wpu—that Kring how hin wektingworks, cing coe—opes the way to eiiherment Ino ‘phere, norman crite nto Ua, For ample sme soleil

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