SALIENT FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE

Proposed chainage: 32+080

a) Area description:
--------

b) Nalla/River: Dekam _(R to L)

c) Soil description: Bouldery Strata

e) Design Proposal:
Span arrangement 1x18m
Outer carriageway width 8.5 m
Type of structure RCC Girder

f) Geotech:
Available

g) Hydrology:
HFL 322.44 m
Velocity 2.52 m/s
Discharge 76.83 cumec
HYDROLOGY FOR BRIDGE AT PROPOSED CH. 32+470
GENERAL INFORMATION:
Project Road : Pashighat - Ledum-Tene Road
Name of River/Nallah/Stream : Dekam _(R to L)
Name of nearest Village/Town : ----
Proposed chainage : 32+470
Longitude : 95° 7'50.89"E
Latitude : 27°56'48.20"N
GT Sheet No. : 82P/4 , 83M/1
Hydrometerological Sub Zone : 2 (a)

DEATAILS AT EXISTING BRIDGE SITE :

Existing Span Arrangement : 1x18 m
HFL (local inquiry) : 1.5 m above bed level

DETAILS AT PROPOSED BRIDGE SITE :

Proposed span arrangement : 1x18 m
Total width provided : 18 m
Obstruction due to pier/abutment : 0 m
Clear water way provided (Right) : 18 m
Bed Level at proposed bridge site : 320.400 m
HFL assumed at proposed bridge site : 1.5 m above bed level
: 321.9 m

ANALYSIS AT PROPOSED BRIDGE SITE:

A = X-sectional Area
S = Slope considered
P = Wetted perimeter
R = Hydraulic mean radius = A/P
V = Velocity = 1/n R2/3 S1/2
n = Mainings rugosity coefficient = 0.05
Q = Discharge = A*V

HFL A P R S V Q
X-section at m m2 m m m/m m/sec
3
m /sec
HFL with afflux 321.9
Assume afflux 0m

Without afflux
At bridge site 321.90 20.7 20.0 1.0 0.0 2.0 42
CALCULATION OF AFFLUX :
Unobstructed width of flow W = 18 m */from cross-section at proposed bridge site

Average depth of flow at d/s of bridge Dd = 20.69 / 18

= 1.149 m

Clear Water way provided L = W - Obstructions

= 18 m

Velocity of unobstructed flow u = 2.01 m/sec

3
Discharge at bridge site Q = 41.7 m /sec

L/W = 1
Coefficient e = 0.00
Coefficient CO = 1

By Orifice formula, the discharge is given as

Q = C0 * √(2g) * L * Dd * √( h+(1+e)u2/2g )

h = [Q / ( C0 √(2g) L Dd ) ]2 - (1+e) u2 / 2g
= 0.21 - 0.051 *u2
= 0.00 m

By Weir formula, the discharge is given as :

Q = 1.706 Cw L H3/2
Cw = 0.94 *Refer IRC SP-13 page 53
H = 1.28
Du = H - u2/2g
= 1.07

Afflux = Du - Dd
= 1.07 - 1.15
= -0.08 m

Afflux by orifice formula h = 0.00 m

Afflux by weir formula h = -0.08 m
Depth of flow at Down stream Dd = 1.149 m
Orifice formula is applicable only when h <= Dd/4

Hence afflux adopted = 0m

DISCHARGE BY DICKEN'S FORMULA :

Q = CM3/4 (Refer SP-13, page 7)
C = 14-19 where annual rainfall is more than 120 cm
= 11-14 where annual rainfall is 60-120 cm
= 22 in western Ghats
C adopted = 14
Catchments area (M) = 12.95 Sq km
Discharge Q = 95.56 cums
DISCHARGE BY RATIONAL METHOD :
Discharge by Rational Formula
Catchment area (A) = 12.95 sqkm = 1294.8 Hectares
Length of path from toposheet (L) = 10.35 Km
Difference in levels from toposheet (H) = 9.5 m
Maximum rain fall (F) (50 years return period) = 480 mm
Storm Duration = 24 mm 100 years 24-Hours rainfall data
Conversion ratio for one hour rainfall = 0.26
One hour rainfall (Io) = 124.8 mm/hrs
Time of concentration (I.R.C.SP-13, page 12) = 5.9 hrs
Critical rainfall intensity = 36.0 mm
Discharge Q = 0.028 * P*f* A* Ic
P= = 0.4
f= = 1.0
A= = 1294.8 Hectares
Ic = = 3.6 cm/hr
Q= = 51.2 cum/sec
Here,
tc = Time of concentration i.e.time taken by the runoff from the farthest point on the periphery of catchments
= (0.87*L3/H)0.385
Io = One hour rainfall in cm.
= ( F/T )*( T+1 )/( 1+1 )
Ic = Critical intensity of rainfall in cm per hour
= Io*( 2/( 1+tc ) )
P = Coefficient of runoff for the catchments characteristics ( Ref.Table-4.1, P-13, I.R.C.:SP:13-2004)
A = Catchments area in hectare
Q = Maximum discharge in cumecs.
L = Distance from the critical point to the structure in Km.
H = The fall in level from the critical point to the structure in meter

DESIGN DISCHARGE :
Discharge by Manning's Formula = 41.7 cumecs
Discharge by Dicken's Formula = 95.6 cumecs
Discharge by Rational Formula = 51.2 cumecs
As per IRC SP 13, Design discharge should be highest of above three methods, limited to 1.5 times of second highest
discharge.

Design Discharge = 76.8 cumecs

RECALCULATING HFL FOR DESIGN DISCHARGE :

Note : HFL is recalculated using Hit & trial method.
Assumed HFL = 322.44 m

HFL A P R S V Q
X-section at m m2 m m m/m m/sec
3
m /sec
With afflux
Bridge site 322.44 30.5 21.1 1.4 0.010 2.5 76.8

0.0
As the discharge calculated is nearly equal to design discharge, hence assumed HFL is taken as design HFL.
AFFLUX RECALCULATION FOR DESIGN DISCHARGE :
W = 18 m
Dd = 30.51/18
= 1.695 m
L = 18 m

Velocity of unobstructed flow u = 2.52 m/sec

3
Discharge at bridge site Q = 76.8 m /sec

L/W = 1
Coefficient e = 0.00
Coefficient CO = 1

By Orifice formula, the discharge is given as

h = [Q / ( C0 √(2g) L Dd ) ]2 - (1+e) u2 / 2g
2
= 0.32324 - 0.05097 *u
= 0m

By Weir formula, the discharge is given as :

Q = 1.706 Cw L H3/2
Cw = 0.94
H = 1.921
Du = H - u2/2g
= 1.59739

Afflux = Du - Dd
= 1.59739 - 1.695
= -0.0976 m

Afflux by orifice formula h = 0m

Afflux by weir formula h = -0.0976 m
Depth of flow at Down stream Dd = 1.695 m
Orifice formula is applicable only when h <= Dd/4
Hence afflux adopted = 0.000 m

Design HFL with Afflux = 322.44 m

PROPOSED WATER WAY :

Lesser of lacy's regime width and clear distance b/w bank shall be adopted as un-obstructed water way.
Lacy's Regime width W = 4.8Q1/2 = 42.07 m
Clear distance from bank to bank = 18 m
Un-obstracted water way adopted = 18 m
Total clear waterway provided L (right) = 18 m
FORMATION LEVEL :
HFL at proposed bridge site with afflux = 322.44 m
Minimum vertical clearance (IRC -5-1998, Cl. 105.2.1) = 0.9 m
Minimum soffit Level as per hydraulic requirement = 323.34 m

Depth of Super Structur = 1.52 m

Camber = 2.5 %
Distance From C/L of Outer Girder to Edge = 4.25 m
Clearence due to camber = 0.106 m
Additional Clearence due to deflection etc. = 0.15 m

Minimum deck level proposed = 325.118 m

Cross-sectional area of Stream at bridge site :
Without afflux
HFL at this location without afflux 321.9 m

Main channel Start = 42

End = 60

324

323.1

322.2
Level (m)

321.3

320.4

319.5
38 41 44 47 50 53 56 59 62
Distance (m)

Dist Av Avg
Distanc Level Modifie Modifie Depth depth Perimet Top Area Bed
e (m) (m) d. d (m) (m) er (m) width (sqm) level
0 323.41 0.0 323.4 0.00
19.13 322.78 19.1 322.8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 323.1
29.38 321.91 29.4 321.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.3
33.69 322.96 33.7 323.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.4
36.63 321.69 36.6 321.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.3
40.34 321.1 42.0 321.0 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 321.4
42.89 321.01 42.9 321.0 0.89 0.87 0.89 0.89 0.78 321.1
44.57 320.96 44.6 321.0 0.94 0.92 1.68 1.68 1.54 321.0
46.47 320.79 46.5 320.8 1.11 1.03 1.91 1.90 1.95 320.9
48.74 321.02 48.7 321.0 0.88 1.00 2.28 2.27 2.26 320.9
53.55 320.61 53.6 320.6 1.29 1.09 4.83 4.81 5.23 320.8
59.07 320.4 59.1 320.4 1.50 1.40 5.52 5.52 7.70 320.5
61.88 322.18 60.0 321.0 0.91 1.21 1.10 0.93 1.22 321.3
65.85 322.28 65.8 322.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.2
88.21 322.3 88.2 322.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.3

Total 19.98 18 20.6873 320.79

Cross-sectional area of Stream at bridge site :
Recalculation of HFL for design discharge
HFL assumed with afflux 322.4 m

Main channel Start = 42

End = 60

325

324

323
Level (m)

322

321

320

319

318
38 41 44 47 50 53 56 59 62

Distance (m)

Dist Av Avg
Distanc Level Modifie Modifie Depth depth Perimet Top Area Bed
e (m) (m) d. d (m) (m) er (m) width (sqm) level
0 323.41 0.0 323.4 0.00
19.13 322.78 19.13 322.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 323.09
29.38 321.91 29.38 321.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.34
33.69 322.96 33.69 322.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.43
36.63 321.69 36.63 321.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.32
40.34 321.1 42.00 321.04 1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 321.39
42.89 321.01 42.89 321.01 1.43 1.42 0.89 0.89 1.26 321.05
44.57 320.96 44.57 320.96 1.48 1.46 1.68 1.68 2.45 320.98
46.47 320.79 46.47 320.79 1.65 1.57 1.91 1.90 2.98 320.87
48.74 321.02 48.74 321.02 1.42 1.54 2.28 2.27 3.50 320.90
53.55 320.61 53.55 320.61 1.83 1.63 4.83 4.81 7.84 320.81
59.07 320.4 59.07 320.40 2.04 1.94 5.52 5.52 10.70 320.50
61.88 322.18 60.00 320.99 1.45 1.75 1.10 0.93 1.77 321.29
65.85 322.28 65.85 322.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.23
88.21 322.3 88.21 322.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 322.29

Total 21.07 18 30.5092 320.79

Stream Slope in Longitudinal direction :

323.5

323

322.5
Level (m)

322

321.5

321
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Distance (m)

Average Slope = 0.00968 m/m