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Littelfuse MOV General Electrical PDF
Littelfuse MOV General Electrical PDF
Littelfuse MOV General Electrical PDF
Training Agenda
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 1
General Electrical MOV Training
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 2
MOV Definition and General Electrical Circuit Protection
MOV Definition
– A Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) is a voltage suppression device that filters and clamps the transient in an
electrical circuit. A Varistor is a Variable Resistor, sometimes referred to as Voltage Dependant Resistors
(VDRs) by some manufacturers.
– An MOV is a voltage dependent, nonlinear device which has an electrical behavior similar to back to back
zener diodes.
– When exposed to high voltage transients, the MOV’s impedance changes many orders of magnitude from
a near open circuit to a highly conductive level, thus clamping the transient voltage to a safe level.
– The potentially destructive energy of the incoming transient pulse is absorbed by the varistor, thereby
protecting vulnerable circuit components.
– An MOV is composed primarily of zinc oxide with small additions of bismuth, cobalt, manganese and
other metal oxides. The structure of the body consists of a matrix of conductive zinc oxide grains
separated by grain boundaries providing P-N junction semiconductor characteristics. These boundaries
are responsible for blocking conduction at rated voltage and are the source of the nonlinear electrical
conduction at higher voltages.
– Electrical properties of the MOV are controlled mainly by the physical dimensions of the varistor body.
The energy rating is determined by volume, voltage rating by thickness, and current capability by area
measured normal to the direction of current flow.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 3
MOV Definition and General Electrical Circuit Protection
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 4
MOV Definition and General Electrical Circuit Protection
Transient Sources
– Major power system switching disturbances, such as capacitor bank switching
– Minor switching near the point of interest, such as an appliance turnoff in a household
– Resonating circuits associated with switching devices, such as thyristors
– Various system faults, such as short circuits and arcing faults
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 5
MOV Definition and General Electrical Circuit Protection
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 6
General Electrical MOV Training
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 7
MOV Characteristics and Device Physics
Electrical Characteristics
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 8
MOV Characteristics and Device Physics
Electrical Characteristics
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 9
MOV Characteristics and Device Physics
Device Constructions
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 10
MOV Characteristics and Device Physics
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 11
General Electrical MOV Training
– Noise Suppression
– Motor Protection
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 12
MOV General Electrical Power Applications Examples
The MOV should always be placed as close as possible to the source of the
transient and in front of all components to be protected.
In this example, an MOV is used to protect the power supply again transients.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 13
MOV General Electrical Power Applications Examples
In this circuitry, an MOV would be used to protect the rectifier and SCR against
transients when the power is switched off.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 14
MOV General Electrical Power Applications Examples
In this circuitry, an MOV would be used to protect the transient for relay and therefore
extend the service life of the relays.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 15
MOV General Electrical Power Applications Examples
Noise Suppression
In this circuitry, an MOV would be used to reduce the noise generated from the
mechanical contacts switching on and off.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 16
MOV General Electrical Power Applications Examples
Motor Protection
In this application, an MOV would be used to protect the transient for the
motor from its insulation breakdown.
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 17
MOV Applications Protection Examples
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 18
General Electrical MOV Training
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 19
MOV General Elec Application Product Selection
Motor Control ZA, LA, UltraMOV, "C" III, HA, HB, NA,
BA, BB, DA and DB Series
Transformer (Primary Protection) ZA, LA, UltraMOV, "C" III, BA, BB, DA,
DB, HA, HB, and NA Series
Instrumentation MA, ZA, ML, MLN and CH Series
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 20
MOV General Elec Applications Product Selection
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 21
MOV General Elec Applications Product Selection
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 22
General Elec MOV Training
EMI/ESD Array
0805 Array
Industrial
SM 20 Pb-Free
TMOV
25mm
25mm
TMOV iTMOV Pb-Free
Leaded
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 23
General Elec MOV Training
Confidential and Proprietary to Littelfuse, Inc. © 2007 Littelfuse, Inc. All rights reserved. 24