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    Processes

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    VivaMapwa
    This document summarizes the process of cellular respiration, which consists of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate and yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH. Pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and yields 2 more NADH. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes acetyl-CoA and yields 6 more NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP. Finally, the electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to power ATP synthase and produces up to 34 more ATP. Overall, cellular respiration yields approximately 38 ATP from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.

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    Processes

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    VivaMapwa
    20 views4 pages
    This document summarizes the process of cellular respiration, which consists of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate and yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH. Pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and yields 2 more NADH. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes acetyl-CoA and yields 6 more NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP. Finally, the electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to power ATP synthase and produces up to 34 more ATP. Overall, cellular respiration yields approximately 38 ATP from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.

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    SHS STEM BIO 01

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    This document summarizes the process of cellular respiration, which consists of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate and yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH. Pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and yields 2 more NADH. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes acetyl-CoA and yields 6 more NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP. Finally, the electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to power ATP synthase and produces up to 34 more ATP. Overall, cellular respiration yields approximately 38 ATP from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views4 pages

    Processes

    Uploaded by

    VivaMapwa
    This document summarizes the process of cellular respiration, which consists of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate and yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH. Pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and yields 2 more NADH. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes acetyl-CoA and yields 6 more NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP. Finally, the electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to power ATP synthase and produces up to 34 more ATP. Overall, cellular respiration yields approximately 38 ATP from the breakdown of one glucose molecule.

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    of 4

    ENERGY INVESTMENT

    Glucose-6-Phosphate Fructose-6-Phosphate
    Glucose
    -The transformation of
    -obtained from food -Addition of a phosphate
    Glucose strucutre to Fructose
    group from ATP
    (isomer of Glucose)
    HEXOKINASE PHOSPHOGLUCOISOMERASE

    PHOSPHOFRUCTOISOMERASE

    TRIOSE PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE


    Glyceraldehyde-3-
    Fructose-1,6- Dihydroxyacetone-
    H E X O K I N A S E

    Phosphate (2)
    bisphosphate phosphate From the splitting of fructose-
    -Addition of another -Splitting yields this substrate 1,6-bisphosphate and
    Phosphate group from ATP and G3P isomerization of
    ALDOLASE dihhydroxyactone-phosphate
    ENERGY
    CAPTURE G3P DEHYDROGENASE
    H E X O K I N A S E

    1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate
    (2) 3-phosphoglycerate
    (2) (2)
    -Oxidation of G3P causes the
    reduction of NAD+ to NADH and -Phosphate group is
    the attchment of free phospahte
    -The removal of a phosphate repositioned on the carbon
    groups to G#P
    group "recharges" ATP chain
    PHOSPHOGLYCEROKINASE PHOSPHOGLYCEROMUTASE

    ENOLASE

    phosphoenolpyruvate pyruvate (2) ENERGY INVESTMENT: 2ATP

    (2) ENERGY GAINED: 4 ATP


    -Phosphate group is
    -The removal of water forms removed and attached to 2NADH
    an enol ADP forming ATP and
    leaving Pyruvate NET GAIN: 2ATP, 2NADH
    PYRUVATE KINASE

    GLYCOLYSIS
    PYRUVATE OXIDATION

    PYRUVATE ACETYL- COA


    -Ready to enter Krebs
    -FROM GLYCOLYSIS
    Cycle

    ENERGY GAINED:1 NADH (per Pyr uvat e)

    2 NADH (per Gl ucose)


    Krebs Cycle

    Acetyl -CoA

    -FROM pyruvate OXIDATION

    Combination of
    Oxaloacetate and Acetyl
    ACONITASE
    CoA Citric Acid

    Oxaloacetate
    Isocitrate
    -Malate is
    -Isomer of citrate
    dehydrogenated

    MALATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOCITRATE


    DEHYDROGENASE

    Malate Alpha Ketoglutarate


    -addition of water to -decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of
    Fumarate Isocitrate

    ALPHA KETOGLUTARATE
    FUMARASE DEHYDROGENASE

    Fumarate Succinyl-CoA
    -Dehydrogenation of decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of Alpha
    Succinate Ketoglutarate

    Succinate
    -removal of CoA group SUCCINYL-COA SYNTHETASE
    SUCCINATE forming GTP (forming ATP)
    DEHYDROGENASE

    ENERGY GAINED: Per Pyr uvat e Per Gl ucose

    3 NADH 6 NADH

    1FADH2 2FADH2

    1 GTP (ATP) 2 GTP (ATP)


    Electron Transport Chain

    NADH FADH2 SHUTTLED OXYGEN HYDROGEN

    COMPLEX IV

    ATP SYNTHASE
    COMPLEX I

    COMPLEX II

    COMPLEX III
    ENTERS ENTERS ELECTRONS ACCEPTS GRADIENT
    GO HERE ELECTRONS USED TO
    AND FORM ATP
    PROTONS FROM ADP
    TO FORM
    WATER

    ENERGY GAINED: FINAL ENERGY COUNT:

    1NADH=3ATP GLYCOLYSIS PYRUVATE OXIDATION KREBS CYCLE ETC (aft er pr ocess ing)

    1FADH2=2ATP 2 ATP 2ATP 4ATP

    2NADH 2NADH 6NADH 30ATP

    2FADH2 4ATP

    38ATP

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