30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

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Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

F02K9/48 - driven by a gas turbine fed by propellant combustion gases

FIELD: liquid-propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system includes lines of different propellant components, gas lines and gas generator. Mounted in front
of main turbo-pump unit with multi-stage propellant component pump and drive gas turbine is booster turbo-pump unit with
propellant component pump and drive single-stage hydraulic turbine fed from "n" stage of main pump. Working passage of
hydraulic turbine is located in connecting line between outlet of "n" stage and inlet of "(n+1)" stage of main pump.

EFFECT: simplified construction; reduced mass of liquid propellant.

3 cl, 1 dwg

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

The invention relates to liquid propellant rocket engines (LPRE), specifically to the design of power systems rocket engine
turbopump with a supply of two-component fuel, consisting of separately stored oxidizer and fuel.

Known turbopump feed system LRE, including highway opposite the fuel components; the gas pipeline and the gas generator
(GG); the main turbopump Assembly (TNA) with multi-stage pump of the fuel component and drive the gas turbine; placed before
the main booster TNA with pump fuel component and drive a turbine powered by the n-th stage of the main pump; a connecting
line between the output of the nth stage and the input of the (n+1)-th stage of the main pump: see Timnath I., Rocket engines on
chemical fuel. TRANS. from English., M., Mir, 1990, s.

A known power supply system, which is the prototype of the invention ensures the production of high energy parameters LPRE at
low pressure fuel components (oxidizer and fuel) to the engine inlet, which allows you to create rocket apparatus with light, thin-
walled fuel tanks. However, the known power supply system is characterized by structural complexity and has a large mass, which
is associated with the presence of booster TNA turbine, the output of which is connected to the inlet of the main pump. the turbine
is shown to relieve the great pressure drop (in case π t=10), which requires a correspondingly large number of turbine stages
(n=5). For this reason, booster TNA has a complex and heavy construction. Additional increase in mass supply system caused by
the large size of the main pump due to passing through the additional mass of the component (in particular, 21% of the flow
through the engine).

The invention solves the technical problem of simplifying system power LPRE with simultaneous reduction of its weight.

The technical problem is solved by the fact that in the turbopump feed system LRE, including highway opposite the fuel
components; the gas pipeline and the gas generator; the main living area with multi-fuel pump component and drive the gas
turbine; placed before the main booster TNA with pump fuel component and drive a turbine powered by the n-th stage of the main
pump; a connecting line between the output of the nth stage and the input of the (n+1)-th stage of the main pump, according to the
invention the working path of the turbine is placed in the connecting line, and the turbine is made of a single-stage.

In some cases, of the invention:

the turbine is in communication with the main pump through the working path of another turbine to drive the booster pump another
fuel component is a;

- one General, the turbine causes the booster pumps unlike fuel components.

When carrying out the invention are expected technical result, which coincides with the essence of the problem being solved.

Proposed turbopump feed system LRE presented schematically in the drawing. The power system contains the main living area
with two-stage pump (centrifugal) fuel component 1 (for definiteness - liquid methane fuel) and drive the gas turbine 2 and the
booster TNA pump 3 and drive the turbine 4. The output of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the main pump through
the fuel line 5. The entrance of the turbine is connected to the output of the first stage of the main pump through line 6, and the
output of the turbine is connected to the input of the second stage of the same pump through line 7. Thus, there Interconnector 6-7
between the output of the nth stage and the input of the (n+1)-th stage of the main pump, and in this line posted by the working
path of the turbine, which is made of a single-stage.

The main pump feeds the chamber rocket engine and a gas generator (not shown) on highways 8 and 9, respectively. Producer
gas is supplied through pipe 10 to the turbine main TNA and after tripping on it is given by gazivoda 11 into the chamber for
afterburning with the rest of the top is willow LRE.

The power supply system also contains the units for the filing of another component of liquid rocket fuel (for definiteness - oxygen
oxidizer). These units can include shown on the left side of the drawing of the booster pump 12 driven by the turbine 13. It is
powered by the exhaust pipe 14 of the body of the turbine 4 with the subsequent reset it through line 15 to the input of the second
stage of the pump 1. In the right part of the drawing shows a variant of the drive of the booster pump 12 (with booster pump 3) from
turbine 4.

The described power supply system operates as follows. The fuel component (for definiteness - liquid methane fuel) pressure (p1in
a few atmospheres comes from tank missile vehicle in the booster pump 3, the pressure component is increased by several times
(up to p2), and in line 5 he enters the first stage of the main pump 1. From it under the pressure of hundreds of atmospheres

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

(R3component is fed through line 6 to the turbine 4 to drive the booster pump 3. When triggered, the turbine pressure liquid
working fluid is reduced by several tens of atmospheres (up to R4), and it is discharged through line 7 to the input of the second
stage of the pump 1. From under her pressure p5exceeding the value of p3fuel component (i.e. liquid methane fuel which is served
in the cities and in the camera. In GG rings (not shown in the drawing, the main pump) another component of liquid rocket fuel (in
the specific example liquid oxygen oxidizer), and in the combustion of fuel with oxidant produced gas with a temperature of about
1000 K), leading turbine main TNA. Exhaust gas doregama with the rest of the fuel rocket engine in the camera (at a pressure
pto>10 MPa), creating cravings during the subsequent expiration of the jet nozzle.

The invention is not limited to the shown in the drawing scheme:

- main pumps unlike fuel components (oxidizer and fuel) can be driven from a common gas turbine or from their own turbines;

the number of impellers in pumps and turbines can be various;

the main pump 1 may have a different number of stages, i.e. in the General case, the working path of the turbine 4 is placed in the
line connecting the n - and (n+1)-th level of the specified pump;

camera can be powered by the first (or intermediate) stage of the main pump, as well as cooling jacketed chamber, and expended
for these purposes, the weight of the fuel component may not act in line 6;

- exhaust turbine generator gas may not digitise in the chamber and be discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe,
etc.

As is clear from the description, the picture is eenie allows you to apply for driving the booster pump vysokoriskovannuju
nitropropane the turbine with its distinctive high efficiency.

The effectiveness of the invention is visible on the example of a specific rocket engines with rated thrust 2 MN, with turbopump
feed two fuel oxygen - methane".

When the chamber pressure pto=24 MPa supply system of this rocket engine on the fuel line has the following parameters: R1=0.5
MPa, p2=2,25 MPa, p3=32 MPa, p4=28 MPa, p5=50 MPa. Thus, the turbine 4 is characterized by a value πt=p3/p4=32/28=1,14.
This value is realized in one turbine stage with an efficiency=0.65 is that the turbine is high. Used in booster TNA simple, single-
stage design of the turbine, along with the exception of the "loop" fuel component through the main pump, designed to simplify and
facilitate the turbopump feed system rocket engine.

Thus, the expected technical result of the invention is confirmed.

1. Turbopump feed system liquid-propellant rocket engine, including highway opposite the fuel components; the gas pipeline and
the gas generator: the main turbopump Assembly with multi-stage pump of the fuel component and drive the gas turbine; placed
before the main booster turbopump Assembly with pump fuel component and the drive turbine is fed from the nth stage cos the
main pump; the connecting line between the output of the n-th and the input of the (n+1)-th stage of the main pump, characterized
in that the working path of the turbine is placed in the connecting line, and the turbine is made of a single-stage.

2. Turbopump feed system liquid-propellant rocket engine under item 1, characterized in that the turbine is in communication with
the main pump through the working path of another turbine to drive the booster pump another fuel component.

3. Turbopump feed system liquid-propellant rocket engine under item 1, characterized in that one, General, turbine leads booster
pumps unlike fuel components.

Same patents:

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

The method of operation of a liquid-propellant rocket engine with vapor-circuit in the system
turbopump fuel // 2238424

Drosselweg oxygen-hydrocarbon liquid propellant rocket engine with afterburning gas

recovery // 2238423

The invention relates to liquid propellant rocket engines (LPRE), particularly to a rocket engine turbopump
with fuel consisting of separately stored oxidizer and fuel

System supply of cryogenic fuel shoobridge // 2237187

Oxygen-kerosene rocket engine with a thermal module thermal module and method for producing
messagepage gas heat module // 2233990

Liquid propellant rocket engine with afterburning of turbogas // 2232915

The method of operation of a turbopump assembly and device for its implementation // 2225946

The invention relates to systems of power supply of liquid rocket engines (LRE) and may find application in
rocket science, pump engineering turn out and energy

The method of operation of a liquid-propellant rocket engine with a closed vapor path in the
system turbopump feed // 2211938

The method of operation of a liquid rocket engine turbopump feed oxygen-methane fuel // 2209993

The invention relates to liquid propellant rocket engines (LPRE), particularly to a rocket engine turbopump with a supply of two-
component fuel, including liquid oxygen (oxidizer) and liquefied methane fuel (including natural gas consisting mainly of

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

methane)

The cooling system of the combustion chamber liquid propellant rocket engine // 2205288

The invention relates to the field of space technology and can be used for cooling the combustion chambers
of rocket engines

Liquid propellant rocket engine with afterburning // 2204046

The invention relates to the field of liquid rocket engines (LRE) with afterburning gas generator, and more
particularly to engines with a two-part oxidative gas generator, with an additional pump in the supply line fuel
gas generator

Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2246023

FIELD: liquid-propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system includes lines of different propellant components, gas lines and gas
generator. Mounted in front of main turbo-pump unit with multi-stage propellant component pump and drive
gas turbine is booster turbo-pump unit with propellant component pump and drive single-stage hydraulic
turbine fed from "n" stage of main pump. Working passage of hydraulic turbine is located in connecting line
between outlet of "n" stage and inlet of "(n+1)" stage of main pump.

EFFECT: simplified construction; reduced mass of liquid propellant.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine operating on fuel containing helium additive // 2273754

FIELD: rocketry, in particular, liquid-propellant rocket engines using helium as a cooler of the engine chamber
body.

SUBSTANCE: the liquid-propellant rocket engine has an engine chamber consisting of a combustion chamber
and a nozzle, having regenerative-cooling ducts, turbopump assembly including centrifugal pumps of oxidizer,
fuel and helium, neutral gas generator fed from the pumps of oxidizer and fuel, and the outlet of the helium pump is coupled to
the regenerative cooling passage of the combustion chamber, whose outlet is coupled to the mentioned gas generator, the outlet
of the gas generator is coupled to the turbine of the turbopump assembly, whose outlet is coupled to the oxidizer supply line to
the combustion chamber mixing head. Besides, cooling of the chamber nozzle is effected by fuel, which, having passed through
the regenerative cooling ducts, is supplied to the mixing head. The combustion chamber of the engine chamber and the gas
generator operate at a stoichiometric relation of the fuel components. Introduction of the helium additive to the combustion
products of the main fuel components to the neutral gas generator and further to the engine combustion chamber makes it
possible to enhance the engine specific thrust pulse approximately by 20S, and, with regard to denial of screen cooling,
approximately to 30S and more.

EFFECT: enhanced engine specific thrust pulse.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2279563

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

FIELD: rocket and space engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed liquid-propellant rocket engine has chamber. Bypass main line with flow rate
regulator passing part of fuel into chamber by-passing cooling duct is installed in parallel to line of fuel delivery
for cooling.

EFFECT: increased service life of engine chamber owing to reduction of thermal stresses in inner wall.

1 dwg

Low-thrust cryogenic propulsion module // 2282744

FIELD: classic and return launch vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: proposed low-thrust cryogenic propulsion module contains main cryogenic engine 10, two
auxiliary engine 21, 22 to control position in space, cryogenic ergol supply tanks 31, 32, 33, 34, device for periodically building
pressure in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34 and device to generate explosive pulses of main cryogenic engine at pulse mode during period
of pressure building in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34. Device to periodically build pressure in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34 has heat exchange
system connected with heat accumulator 61, 62 and device 71,72 to excite circulation of preliminary set amount of ergol in heat
exchange system. Module contains additionally device for heating heat accumulator 61, 62 in period between two sequential
explosive pulses.

EFFECT: improved mass-and-dimension characteristics of module, reduced time taken for execution of task.

17 cl, 14 dwg

Method of and device for creating thrust of liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2290525

FIELD: rocketry.

SUBSTANCE: according to proposed method of creating thrust of liquid-propellant rocket engine with
circulation of heat carrier based on taking of propellant components from tanks, increasing their pressure by
pumps driven by turbine and introducing them into gas generator and combustion chamber, combustion of components in gas
generator and chamber and creating thrust with ejection of combustion products through nozzle, when introducing component of
propellant and products of their gasification into combustion chamber, tangential speed component is imparted to them and part
of combustion products is replaced by heat carrier and in process of recirculation it is successively expanded at higher pressure
of diverting part of nozzle, cooled, condensed in head exchanger-condenser, pressure is raised by pump and it is then delivered
to near-critical part of nozzle to repeat the cycle. Liquid-propellant rocket engine with closed circuit of heat carrier contains
chamber with mixing head and regenerative cooling duct, turbopump set with oxidizer and propellant pumps whose output main
lines are connected with said mixing head of chamber and gas generator, and said closed circuit of heat carrier is formed with
successively interconnected circulating pump, unit to introduce heat carrier to near-critical area of nozzle, heat exchanger-
condenser, means to supply condensed component to input of circulating pump. According to invention, closed circuit is
provided with section of diverting part of nozzle on which ring ribs made of heat-resistant material are secured over
circumference.

EFFECT: reduced cost of launching of useful load into orbit.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Liquid propellant rocket power plant // 2295052

FIELD: liquid propellant rocket power plants with turbopump units.

SUBSTANCE: the liquid propellant rocket power plant having liquid-hydrogen and liquid-oxygen tanks with
booster pumps and main turbopump units uses also an electrochemical generator with an oxygen inlet and
outlet and a hydrogen inlet and outlet, oxygen ejector, hydrogen ejector and two electric motors, one of which
is connected to the shaft of the oxygen booster pump, and the other-to the shaft of the hydrogen booster
pump, the oxygen inlet of the electrochemical generator is connected through a pipe to the gas cushion of
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tank with liquid oxygen, and the outlet-to the inlet of oxygen ejector, whose outlet is connected to the gaseous oxygen supply
pipe to the reaction chamber: the hydrogen inlet of the electrochemical generator is connected through a pipe to the gas,
cushion of the tank with liquid hydrogen, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen ejector, whose outlet is
connected to the gaseous hydrogen supply line to the reaction chamber.

EFFECT: provided reliable multiple starting of the liquid propellant rocket power plant.

1 dwg

Booster turbo-pump aggregate with the axial pump // 2299343

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the booster turbo-pump aggregates with an axial pumps used in
them.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering, in particular, to production of the
booster turbo-pump aggregates with the axial pumps used in the liquid rocket engines (LRE). The booster turbo-pump
aggregate consists of the body (1), in which there is the pump (3) axial wheel fixed on the shaft (2) and the wheel of the
hydraulic turbine (4). The wheel of the hydraulic turbine (4) is connected to the axial wheel of the pump (3) by soldering along its
outer diameter. The shaft (2) rests on the fixed bearing (5) and on the movable bearing (6). The axial stops (7) and (8) of the
body (1) eliminate the possibility of the axial motion of the fixed bearing (5) with respect to the body (1), and consequently, the
motion of the shaft (2). The movable bearing (6) may have the shift in the axial direction concerning the body (1) because of the
difference of the axial power and thermal deformations of the body (1) and the shaft (2). From the side of the axial intake in the
body there is the axial stop (9). Between the axial stop of the body (1) and the movable bearing (6) the axial spring (10) is
installed. The support ring (11) is mounted between the axial spring (10) and the movable bearing (6). The axial spring (10) is
made in the form of the resilient conical ring. The invention ensures the increased service life of the fixed bearing (5) and the
service life of the whole aggregate.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased service life of the fixed bearing (5) and the service life of the whole aggregate.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Device for separation of the pump and the turbine of the booster turbo-pump aggregate of the
liquid propellant rocket engine // 2299344

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the devices for the liquid propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering and may be used in the liquid
propellant rocket engines (LPRE). The device for separation of the pump and the turbine of the booster turbo-pump aggregate of
the LPRE consists of the pump (2), the turbine (3), the separating cavity (1) located between the pump (2) and the turbine (3)
and the external intake tract (4). The separating cavity (1) is limited from the side of the pump (2) by the shaft gasket (5), which
diameter is made smaller than the diameter of the shaft (10) in the area of the seat of the bearing of the turbine (11), and from
the side of the turbine (3) - by the unloading disk (6) aligned with the turbine impeller (7). On the turbine impeller (7) there is the
gasket of the unloading disk (8). The axial impeller of the pump (9) and the turbine impeller (7) are fixed on the shaft (10). From
the direction of the turbine (3) the shaft (10) rests on the turbine bearing (11), which is brought out beyond the bounds of the
separating cavity (1) and is installed from the direction of the pump (2). The cavity of the turbine bearing (12) which is adjoining
the shaft gasket (5) is connected by the delivery channels (13) with the pump outlet (14). The offered device ensures the
minimum losses of the power used for separation of the pump and the turbine, and also the effective refrigeration of the
bearings by the liquid monophase hydrogen.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the minimum losses of the power used for separation of the pump and the turbine, the effective
refrigeration of the bearings by the liquid monophase hydrogen.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine and the method of its starting // 2299345

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the liquid propellant rocket engines.

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30/5/2020 Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering, in particular, to production of the
liquid propellant rocket engines powered by the cryogenic oxidant and the hydrocarbon propellant. The liquid
propellant rocket engine contains the combustion chamber with the tract of the regenerative cooling, the
turbo-pumping aggregate with the turbine having the inlet and outlet trunks, and the pumps of the oxidant and
the propellant, for which the outlet of the propellant p[ump is connected through the propellant valve to the
combustion chamber, and the outlet of the oxidant pump through the oxidant valve is connected to the gas
generator. At that the turbo-pump aggregate contains the additional propellant pump, which inlet is connected to the outlet of the
propellant pump, and the outlet is connected to the gas generator through the high pressure pipeline, in which there is the high-
pressure valve and the consumption regulator. In the trunk of the turbine there is the thrust regulator, to which the on-board trunk
and the starting trunk with the return valve and the connector are connected. The method of the liquid propellant rocket engine
starting provides for the spinning-up of the turbo-pump aggregate and opening of valves of the oxidant, the propellant, the
propellant in the high-pressure trunk, run-up of the turbine conduct a compressed air from a land bulb, and the turbine spinning-
up is exercised by the compressed air from the ground pressure vessel and the turbine drive at operation is exercised from the
on-board vessel. The invention ensures simplification of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit, the increased reliability, the increase of
the power and the specific characteristics of the liquid propellant rocket engine, the decreased mass of the engines, the
improved engine starting and cutoff and provision of the engine cleansing from the leavings of the propellant after the engine
cutoff.

EFFECT: the invention ensures simplification of the liquid propellant rocket engine pneumatic-hydraulic circuit, the increased its
reliability, power and specific characteristics, the decreased mass of the engine, the improved the engine starting, cutoff and
cleansing from the leavings of the propellant after its cutoff.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Turbopump set of rocket engine // 2299346

FIELD: rocketry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to liquid-propellant rocket engines operating on cryogenic oxidizer and on
hydrocarbon fuel. Proposed turbopump set of rocket engine contains the following parts of rotor of turbopump
set mounted on shaft: oxidizer pump impeller, fuel pump impeller and turbine wheel arranged in housing of
turbopump set and additional fuel pump with shaft and impeller of additional fuel pump. Design peculiarity of
turbopump set is that magnetic clutch is installed between rotor of turbopump set and rotor of additional fuel pump. Driving disk
of magnetic clutch is installed on shaft of turbopump set, and driven disk is mounted on shaft of additional fuel pump. Partition
made on nonmagnetic material is found between driving and driven disks of magnetic clutch. Said partition is aligned with
housing of additional fuel pump. Partition, driving and driven disks can be made spherical and/or provided with ribbing.

EFFECT: increased reliability of turbopump set.

5 cl, 3 dwg

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