NUR FADZLIAH

NURSUFIA AMIRA 8. SECONDARY BILINGUAL ,

SEMILINGUAL AND
TESL 1 (SK)
SIMULTANEOUS BILINGUAL
 SECONDARY BILINGUAL

Definition: Example:
someone whose second During English lesson,
language has been added teacher gives
to a first language via instructions in English
instruction language.
 SEMILINGUAL

A person who knows two or more languages but

exhibits low profile in all of them, that
involves having poor vocabulary and wrong
grammar.(someone with insufficient knowledge
of either language)
 Semilingual

When a child is semilingual they seem to not have a

full grasp of any language, and tend to mix the
vocabulary, grammar and structure of the two
languages together so that the child may not be fully
able to express themselves in any language.
 SIMULTANEOUS
BILINGUAL

Refers to the experiences of a child who receives

language input from two different languages
simultaneously beginning either at birth or
typically very early on in infancy
 Simultaneous bilinguals are children
who are exposed to more than one
language prior to age three.  They
develop two or more languages equally,

Simultaneous
or nearly equally, through exposure and
frequent opportunities to use each

Bilingual language.

Simultaneous bilingual development is

marked by phases similar to that of
first language development for
monolinguals. The rate at which
children reach language developmental
milestones varies greatly.
 Stages in dual
language learners

EARLY PHASE MIDDLE PHASE LATER PHASE

(BIRTH TO AGE 3) (3-4 YEARS) (5-6 YEARS)
Early Phase (Birth to Age 3)

Progress in the sounds (phonology), word parts

(morphology), grammar (syntax), and vocabulary
(semantics)

Combines elements of languages (code-switching)

Acquires basic rules of grammar by age 3.

Makes some overgeneralisations (eg: goed, went)

Uses language for a variety of purposes (eg,

responding, requesting, etc)
Middle Phase (3 - 4 Years)

Pronouces words more accurately.

Increases length and complexity of

sentences using conjunctions.

Ask "wh" questions and uses answers to

test their hypothesis about the world.

Explores concepts such as time,

quantity, and relationships.

Begins to use polite forms such as,

please and thank you.
Later Phase (5 - 6 Years)
Uses more than six words per sentence in
each language.
Develops vocabulary in both languages,
understanding more multiple meanings of
words.
Adjusts speech to needs of listeners,
and when necessary, adds more details to
clarify meaning.
Makes jokes based on sound play and
puns.
Produces most sounds correctly but may
experience some difficulty with sounds
such as v and w.