Introduction
 It is applied to virtually entire spectrum
of jurispudential issues
 All-Suyuti covers ¾ more of fiqh
 Serves as foundation of many Shariah
rulings due to its direct relation with
the concept of Istishab
 Introduced by Imam Shafie
Yaqin means knowledge that is not tainted
by any doubt. It is also defined as a strong
conviction in accord with reality that
something is a certain way, with no
alternative possibility being credible
Shakk means doubt, suspicion or
uncertainty. It is a state of indecision
between the relative likelihood of two
divergent possibilities.
5 levels of certainty
I. Yaqin
II. Zan Rajh
III. Zan
IV. Shak
V. Waham
PRINCIPLES OF CERTAINTY : AL
YAQIN LA YUZALU BI AS-SHAKK
Evidence: From Quran
Surah Yunus (10:36)
“Most of them follow nothing but
conjecture (al-zann)but conjecture
can be no value all against the truth
(al-haqq)”
Condition of the maxim
 The certainty and doubt should
both be about the same case and
about the same point of that case
 Certainty and doubt cannot occur at
the same time; that would be
logically impossible
 There should be a consequence to
apply the maxim, for example
waiving a liability
Evidence: From Hadith
“If one of you has doubt
during his salah (about how
many rak’ahs he has prayed),
he should disregard the doubt
and build upon what he is sure
of. When he is certain that the
prayer is complete, he should
prostate twice”