Designation: A638/A638M −  10

Standard Specification for

Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars,
Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service 1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A638/A638M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Sco
Scope*
pe* Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2
1.1 This specification
specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished 3. Orde
Ordering
ring Informatio
Information
n
precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and
forging
forg ing stock for high-
high-temper
temperature
ature service. The mechan
mechanical
ical 3.1 It is the responsi
responsibili
bility
ty of the purpurcha
chaser
ser to spe
specify
cify all
properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution requirementss that are necessa
requirement necessary ry for material ordered under this
treating
treating and precip
precipitation
itation hardening treatments. specifi
spe cificati
cation.
on. Suc
Such h req
requir
uireme
ementsnts may incinclud
lude,
e, but are not
limited to, the following:
1.2 Two grades of iron base alloy are covered. Selection will 3.1.1 Quant
Quantity
ity (weight or number of pieces),
pieces),
depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, 3.1.2 Name of materia
materiall (preci
(precipitatio
pitation
n harde
hardening
ning iron base
and elevated temperature charac
characteristic
teristics.
s. superalloy),
1.3
1.3 Th
Thee va
valu
lues
es st
state
ated
d in ei
eith
ther
er in
inch
ch-p
-pou
ound
nd ununits
its or SI 3.1.3 Form (bars, forgings,
forgings, and forging stock),
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within 3.1.4 Dimens
Dimensions
ions (in the case of rough or finishfinished
ed forgings
forgings
the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The thee or
th orde
derr sh
shall
all be accaccom
ompapaninied
ed by a pr prin
intt or dr
draw
awin
ing
g or
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; there- otherwise adequately described as to the shape and dimension),
fore
fore,, ea
each
ch sy
syst
stem
em mumustst be us
used
ed in
inde
depe
pend
nden
entt of th
thee ot
othe
herr. 3.1.5 Grade designatio
designation n (Table
( Table 1),
1),
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon- 3.1.6 Condi
Condition
tion (Section
(Section 5),
formance with the specification. 3.1.7 Finish (Section
(Section 3),
1.4
1.4 Un
Unleless
ss th
thee or
orde
derr sp
spec
ecifi
ifies
es an “M
“M”” de
desisign
gnati
ation
on,, th
thee 3.1.8 Mechan
Mechanical
ical requirements
requirements (Sectio
(Sectionn 8),
3.1.9 ASTM designation,
designation, and
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
3.1.10
3.1.10 Special requirements.
requirements.
2. Referen
Referenced
ced Documents
Documents 4. General Requirements
Requirements
3
2.1   ASTM Standards: 4.1 In addition to the requirements
requirements of this specification,
specification, all
A484/A484M Specifi Specification
cation for Gener
General
al Requir
Requirements
ements for requireme
requirements
nts of the cur
curren
rentt edi
editio
tion
n of Spe
Specifi
cificati
cation
on   A484/ 
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings A484M   shal
shalll ap
appl
ply
y. Fai
Failu
lure
re to co comp
mply
ly wi
with
th th
thee ge
gene
nera
rall
A751 Test
A751  Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi- requirement
requirementss of Specifi
Specification
cation A484/A484M
 A484/A484M  constitut
 constitutes
es non-
cal Analysis of Steel Products conformanc
confo rmancee with this specifi
specification.
cation.
E30 Tes
E30  Testt Methods for Chemical Analys
Analysis
is of Steel, Cast Iron,
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron  (Withdrawn 1995) 4 5. Condi
Condition
tion
E527 Pr Pract
actice
ice fo
forr Nu
Numb
mbererin
ing
g Me
Meta
tals
ls an
andd Al
Allo
loys
ys in ththee 5.1 The product
product forms covered in this specification
specification may be
furnished in one of the following conditions:
5.1.1 Hot-fi
Hot-finished
nished,,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee  A01  A01 on
 on Steel, 5.1.2 Soluti
Solution
on treated (Grade 660 only—Type
only—Type 1 or Type
Type 2
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on
A01.17  on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
solution treatment as specified),
Curren
Cur rentt edi
editio
tion
n app
approv
roved
ed Apr
April
il 1, 201
2010.0. Pub
Publis
lished
hed Apr
Aprilil 201
2010.
0. Ori
Origin
ginall
ally
y 5.1.3 Soluti
Solution
on and precipitation
precipitation treated (Grade 660 only—
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A638/A638M – 00 Type 1 or Type 2 solution treatment as specified), or
(2004). DOI: 10.1520/A0638_A0638M-10. 5.1.4 Other as specified.
specified.
2
For ASME Boile
Boilerr and Pres
Pressure
sure Vessel
Vessel Code appli
application
cationss see relat
related
ed Speci
Specifi-
fi-
cation SA-638 in Section II of that Code.
3
6. Heat Treatme
Treatment
nt
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For  Annual Book of ASTM  6.1 Sam
Sample
pless cut from bar
bars,
s, for
forgin
gings,
gs, or a sam
sample
ple for
forged
ged
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
from
from ththee fo
forg
rgining
g st
stoc
ock
k sh
shall
all co
conf
nfor
ormm to th
thee me
mech
chan
anic
ical
al
the ASTM website.
4
The last app
approve
roved d vers
version
ion of this historica
historicall sta
standa
ndard
rd is ref
refere
erence
nced
d on properties
prop erties of 
of    Tabl
Tablee 1 and   Tabl
Tablee 2   when
when he
heat
at tre
treat
ated
ed as
www.astm.org. prescribed in Table
in  Table 3.3.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A638/A638M − 10
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
Grade 660 Grade 662 (bars) Grade 662 (forgings)A

Heat treatmentB  solution + precipitation solution + precipitation solution + precipitation

harden harden harden
Tensile strength, min:
ps i 13 0 00 0 1 3 0 00 0 1 25 00 0
[M P a ] [8 9 5 ] [ 89 5 ] [8 6 0 ]
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min:
ps i 85 0 00 85 000 80 000
[M P a ] [5 8 5 ] [ 58 5 ] [5 5 0 ]
E l o n g a t i o n i n 4 D m i n, % 15 15 15
Reduction of area min, % 18 18 18
Brinell hardness 24 8 m i n 248 mi n 24 8 m i n
A
The elongation of tensile specimens machined tangentially from near the center of large disk forgings over 50 in.2 [320 cm2] in cross section may be as low as 10 %.
The reduction of area may be as low as 12 %.
B 
Refer to 
to   Table 3 
3  of heat treatment.

TABLE 2 Stress-Rupture Requirements

A
Grade Heat Treatment Tes
estt Tem
empe
pera
ratu
ture
re Appl
Applie
ied
d St
Stre
ress
ss Du
Duri
ring
ng St
Stre
ress
ss-- Minimum Minimum
Rupture Testing HoursB  Elongation, %
°F [°C] ps i [ M P a]
66 0 solution + precipitation harden 1 20 0 [ 65 0] 6 5 00 0 [4 5 0 ] 23 3
66 2 solution + precipitation harden 1 20 0 [ 65 0] 6 0 00 0 [4 1 5 ] 15 3
A
Refer to 
to   Table 3 for
3 for details of heat treatment.
B 
Test specimens meeting minimum requirements
requirements may be overloaded to produc
produce
e ruptur
rupture
e in a reason
reasonable
able and practi
practical
cal time period
period..

TABLE 3 Heat Treatment 6.2 Wh

6.2 Whenen a sasampmple
le cucutt fr
from
om ththee fo
forg
rgin
ing
g st
stoc
ock
k an
and
d he
heat
at
Grade Solution Treatment Precipitation Hardening treated as prescribed in Table
in  Table 2 conforms
2  conforms to the properties in
TreatmentA
Tables 3 and 4,
4 ,   it shall be accepted as equivalent to a forged
66 0 Type 1
1650 ± 25
1650 25°F°F [9[90000 ± 15
15°C
°C],
], 1300 to 14
1300 140000°F
°F [7
[705
05 to
coupon.
hold
ho ld 2 hrhr,, oi
oill or wa
wate
terr 760°
76 0°C]
C],, ho
hold
ld 16 h, ai
airr co
cool
ol or
q ue n c h furnace cool 7. Chem
Chemical
ical Compositio
Composition
n
66 0 Type 2
7.1 The steel shall conform
conform to the requirements
requirements for chemical
1800 ± 25
1800 25°F°F [9
[980
80 ± 15
15°C°C],
], 1300 to 14
1300 140000°F
°F [7
[705
05 to
hold
ho ld 1 h, oi
oill or wa
wate
terr 760°
76 0°C]
C],, ho
hold
ld 16 h, ai
airr co
cool
ol or composition
compo sition specified in
in Table
 Table 4.
4.
q ue n c h furnace cool
7.2 Methods
Methods and pra practic
ctices
es rel
relatin
ating
g to che
chemica
micall ana
analys
lysis
is
66 2 1750 to 1900°F [955 to 1 2 5 0 t o 1 4 0 0 °F [ 6 7 5 t o required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
1040°C
1040°C]] hold
hold 1 h, min
min,, oil
oil or 760°C]
760 °C],, holdhold 5 h,
h, min,
min, slo
slow w
water quench c o o l i n g i n 5 h , m i n to 1 2 0 0 Methods,
Metho ds, Practic
Practices,
es, and Termino
erminology
logy   A751,
A751,   except that for
± 15°F [650 ± 10°C], hold remelt
rem elt mat
materia
erial,
l, pro
produc
ductt ana
analys
lysis
is tole
toleran
rances
ces may be useusedd to
20 h, min, air cool or furnace
cool
determine conformance to this specification.
A
Times refer to the minimum time material is required to be at temperature. 7.3 For referee purposes,
purposes, Test Methods
Methods E30
E30 shall
 shall be used.

TABLE 4 Chemical Requirements

Grade 660 (UNS S 66286)A Grade 662 (UNS S 66220)A
Ladle Analysis Check Analysis Over Ladle Analysis Check Analysis Over
Range, % or Under Range, % or Under
Carbon 0.08 max 0. 01 o v er 0 .0 8 m a x 0 .0 1 o v e r
M an g an es e 2.00 max 0 .0 4 o v e r 1 .5 0 m a x 0 .0 4
Si l i c on 1.00 max 0. 05 o v er 1 .0 0 m a x 0 .0 5
Phosphorus 0 .0 4 0 m a x 0 .0 0 5 o v e r 0 .0 4 0 m a x 0 .0 0 5 o v e r
S u l fu r 0. 03 0 m a x 0 .0 0 5 o v e r 0 .0 3 0 m a x 0 .0 0 5 o v e r
Chromium 1 3 . 5 0 – 1 6 .0 0 0. 20 1 2 . 0 0 – 1 5 .0 0 0 .1 5
Nickel 2 4 .0 0 – 2 7 . 0 0 0 .2 0 2 4 .0 0 – 2 8 . 0 0 0. 20
M ol y bd en um 1. 00 – 1. 50 0 .0 5 2 .5 0 – 3 .5 0 0 .1 0
Titanium 1 .9 0 – 2 .3 5 0 .0 5 1 .5 5 – 2 . 0 0 0. 05
Copper .. . . .. 0 .5 0 m a x 0 .0 3 o v e r
A l u m i n um 0.35 max 0 .0 5 o v e r 0 .3 5 m a x 0 .0 5 o v e r
Vanadium 0 .1 0 – 0 . 5 0 0. 03 ... . ..
Boron 0 .0 0 1 0 – 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 0 4 u n d e r 0 .0 0 1 0 – 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 0 0 4 u n d e r
0 .0 0 1 o v e r 0. 00 1 ov e r
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527
Practice E527 and
 and SAE J 1086.

2
 A638/A638M − 10

7.4 Methods
Methods and pra practic
ctices
es rela
relatin
ting
g to che
chemic
mical
al ana
analys
lysis
is 10. Pro
Product
duct Marking
Marking
required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
10.1 Unless otherwise
otherwise specified
specified on the purchase
purchase order,
order, each
Methods,
Method s, Practic
Practices,
es, and Definit
Definitions
ions   A751,
A751,   excep
exceptt th
that
at fo
forr
bundle shall be properly tagged with metal tags showing the
remelt material, product analysis tolerances may be used to
purchase order number, heat number, name of alloy (or grade),
determine conformance to this specification.
“NR”
“N R” wh
when
en ma
mater
teria
iall ha
hass no
nott be
been
en st
stre
ress
ss-r
-rup
uptu
turre tes
tested ,
ted 
8. Mechanical Proper
Properties
ties specification number, and size.
8.1 The material shall conform
conform to the mechanical
mechanical property 10.1.1 Bars 1 in. [25 mm] and over in diameter
10.1.1 diameter,, or 1 in. [25
requir
requireme
ements
nts spe
specifie
cifiedd in   Table
Table 1   aft
after
er he
heat
at tr
treat
eatme
ment
nt as mm] and oveoverr in thi
thickn
ckness
ess between
between parparalle
allell sid
sides,
es, sha
shall
ll be
described in Table
in  Table 3.
3. stamped with the heat number,  and if not stress-rupture tested,
8.2 The material
material shall meet the req
requir
uireme
ements
nts as to stre
stress-
ss- with the letters “NR”  within approximately 2 in. [50 mm] of 
rupture properties specified in  Table 2 at
2  at the test temperature one end. Smaller sizes shall be boxed or bundled and identified
indicated after heat treatment as described in  Table 3.
3. with metal tags as described in 10.1
in  10.1..
10.1.2 Forg
10.1.2 Forgings
ings shall be identified as agreed upon between
8.3 Wh
8.3 When en sp
spec
ecifi
ified
ed in th
thee or
orde
derin
ring
g in
info
form
rmati
ation
on ( 3.1.8
3.1.8),
),
the seller and the purchaser.
material may be ordered without stress-rupture testing. Mate-
rial not stress-rupture tested shall be permanently stamped NR
11. Keywords
(See Section 1010)).
11.1 precipitation
11.1 precipitation harde
hardening
ning super
superalloy
alloy steel; super
superalloy
alloy
9. Metallurgi
Metallurgical
cal Properties
Properties steel bars; super
superalloy
alloy steel billets
billets;; super
superalloy
alloy steel forg
forgings;
ings;
9.1 When specified,
specified, the grain size shall be 1 or finer.
finer. temperature service applications—high

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committ
Comm ittee
ee A0
A01
1 ha
hass id
iden
entifi
tified
ed th
thee lo
loca
catio
tion
n of se
selec
lected
ted ch
chan
ange
gess to th
this
is st
stan
anda
dard
rd sin
since
ce th
thee la
last
st iss
issue
ue
(A638/A638M – 00 (2004)) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2010.)

(1)  Revised column heading in Table 2.

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on respecting the validi
validity
ty of any patent rights assert
asserted
ed in connec
connection
tion with any item mentio
mentioned 
ned 
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