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Exam 1 2017, questions

Circuits and Systems (Swinburne University of Technology)

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EEE2 0 0 0 2 Cir cu it s a n d Syst e m s

Solu t ion Gu ide lin e for Sim u la t ion

Ex a m Pa pe r 1

Cish e n Zh a n g
Ele ct r ica l a n d Ele ct r on ic En gin e e r in g
Fa cu lt y of Scie n ce , En gin e e r in g a n d Te ch n ology

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Q1. Apply the node voltage method to find the voltages v1 and
v2 for the circuit in Figure 1.
(10 marks)

Figure 1

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Q1, Solution:
12  v 1 v1 v1  v2
At node 1:   3
2 4 8
 48  4v1  2v1  24  v1  v2

 v2  7v1  24 (1)

v1  v2 v2  5vo
At Node 2: 3    24  v1  v2  8v2  40vo
8 1

Since vo  12  v1 , 24+v1  v2  8v2  480  40v1

 41v1  9v2  456 (2)

(1) and (2)  41v1  9  (7v1  24)  456   22v1  240

 v1  10.91 V, (1)  v2  7  10.91  24  100.37 V. 3

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Q2. Apply the mesh current method to derive and write a set of
phasor equations, which are sufficient for solving the mesh
currents for the AC circuit in Figure 2. Note that you only need to
derive and write the equations but may not numerically solve the
equations.
(10 marks)

Figure 2 4

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Q2. Solution:

For Mesh 1: I1  2 (1)

For Mesh 2: (2  j 4) I 2  2 I1  j 4 I 4  1090  0 (2)

For the Super Mesh: (1  j 2) I 3  j 2 I1  (1  j 4) I 4  j 4 I 2  0 (3)

For the 4 0o current source: I 4  I 3  40o (4)

Equations (1)  (4) are sufficient for solving the mesh currents I1 , I 2 , I 3 and I 4 .
5

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Q3. In the circuit shown in Figure 3, Vs = 24045 V rms,

device A receives 2 kW at 0.8 pf lagging, device B receives 3
kVA at 0.4 pf leading and device C is inductive and consumes 1
kW and receives 500 VAR. Find the power factor of the entire
circuit.
(10 marks)

Figure 3
6

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Device A receives 2 kW at 0.8 pf

lagging, device B receives 3 kVA at 0.4
pf leading and device C is inductive and
consumes 1 kW and receives 500 VAR.

Q3. Solution:

 sin  cos 1 0.8 

2000
S A  2000  j
0.8
 sin  36.87 o   2000  j1500 VA
2000
 2000  j
0.8
S B  3000  0.4  j 3000  sin  cos 1 0.4 
 1200  j 3000  sin 66.42o  1200  j 2750 VA

SC  1000  j 500 VA, S = S A + S B + SC  4200  j 750 VA

 750 
pf  cos  tan 1   cos10.12  0.98, leading
o

 4200  7

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Q4. Consider the first order RL circuit in Figure 4, where

v(t) = 20 u(t) is a step function i(0) = 0 A. Find the output voltage
vo(t) for t > 0.
(10 marks)

Figure 4

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v(t) = 20 u(t) is a step function

and i(0) = 0 A.

Q4. Solution:
v(t ) 20
i(0)  0 A, i()   5 A
R 1 3

L 1/ 4 1
   sec
R 1  3 16
t

i(t )  i()   i(0)  i()  e 
 5  5e16t A, t  0

 15  15e16t    5  16e16t   15  5e16t V, t  0

di(t ) 1
v(t )  3i(t )  L
dt 4

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Q5. The ideal transformer circuit is at zero initial condition.

Find the Laplace transform of the current io(t) and its time
response for t > 0.
(15 marks)

Figure 5

10

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Q5. Solution:
4 (8)(4 s ) 8
Z L  8 ||  
s 8  4 s 2s  1

ZL 8
Zin  1   1 
n2 22  (2s  1)
2 s  1.5
 1  , n2
2 s  1 s  0.5
10
10 s  0.5 10 s  5
Io ( s)  s  1 
A B
   
Zin s  1 s  1.5 ( s  1)( s  1.5) s  1 s  1.5
As  1.5 A  Bs  B ( A  B ) s  (1.5 A  B )
 
( s  1)( s  1.5) ( s  1)( s  1.5)
 A  B  10  A  10 20 10
     I o (s)  
1.5 A  B  5  B  20 s  1.5 s  1

io (t )  L1  I o ( s )   20e 1.5t  10e  t , t  0 11

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Q6. Apply the superposition principle to find the current ix(t)

for the circuit in Figure 6.
(15 marks)

Figure 6

12

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Q6. Solution:

Let Ix = I1 + I2, where I1 is due to the voltage

source and I2 is due to the current source.
1
1  4 rad/sec  Vs  120o V, Z L1  j16 , ZC1    j2 
j 4  1 / 8 

12 12 12
I1     0.838  77.9 o

3  j16  j 2 3  j14 14.3277.9o

 i1  0.838cos(4t  77.9o ) A

1
  2 rad/sec  I s  510, Z L 2 = j8 , ZC 2 = =  j4 
j 2  (1 / 8)

j8 40  80o 40  80o

I2    510    8  133.1o
A
3  j8  j 4 3  j4 553.1o

 i2  8cos(2t  133.1o ) A

ix (t )  i1 (t )  i2 (t )  0.838cos(4t  77.9o )  8cos(2t  133.1o ) A 13

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Q7. The switch in the RLC circuit of Figure 7 has been closed
for a long time and is opened at t = 0. Find the i(t) for t > 0.
(15 marks)

Figure 7
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Q7. Solution:
For t < 0, t he equivalent
circuit is

v C( 0) = - 12V
i( 0) = 12/ 2 = 6A
For t > 0, it is a free response series
RLC circuit .
R 2 1 1
   2, o   2 2
2 L 2  0.5 LC 0.5  (1 / 4)

  o  under damped, d  o2   2  8  4  2

The solution is of the form i (t )   A cos 2t  B sin 2t  e 2 t 15

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Q7. Solution (continued):

v C( 0) = 12V, i( 0) = 6A

i (t )   A cos 2t  B sin 2t  e 2 t
i (0)   A cos 0  B sin 0  e0  6  A  6
di (t )
  2 A sin 2t  2 B cos 2t  e 2 t  2  A cos 2t  B sin 2t  e 2 t
dt
di (0)
  2( B  A)  2 B  12
dt
di (t ) 1 di (0)
Since, vC (t )  L  2i (t ),   2vC (0)  4i (0)  0
dt 2 dt
 2 B  12  0  B  6
i (t )   6 cos 2t  6sin 2t  e 2 t 16

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Q8. Find the Thevenin equivalent circuit for the AC circuit in

Figure 8 with respect to terminals a-b. What is the load impedance
that can receive the maximum power from this circuit and what is
the maximum power?
(10 marks)

230˚ A

Figure 8

17

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Q8. Solution:

j10(8  j 6) j5(4  j 3)(2  j )

ZTH  j10 || (8  j 6)  
8  j4 (2  j )(2  j )
 j (4  j 3)(2  j )  10  j5  11.1826.56o 

VTH  230o  ZTH  230o  11.1826.56o  22.3656.56o V

To receive the maximum power, Z L  Z*TH  10  j 5 

*
1  VTH   VTH  | VTH | 22.36
2 2
Pmax =      =  6.25 W
2  2   ZTH  Z L  8RTH 8  10 18

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