140M Motor Grader - All Wheel Drive D9G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED B...

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Product: MOTOR GRADER

Model: 140M MOTOR GRADER D9G
Configuration: 140M Motor Grader - All Wheel Drive D9G00001-UP
(MACHINE) POWERED BY C9 Engine

Systems Operation
120M, 140M and 160M Motor Graders All Wheel Drive Electronic Control System
Media Number -RENR9084-05 Publication Date -01/03/2010 Date Updated -22/03/2010

i03302881

Piston Motor (All Wheel Drive)

SMCS - 4351

Illustration 1 g01274998

(1) Main input port

(2) Charge oil line

(3) Shuttle spool

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(4) Flushing Valve

(5) Relief valve

(6) Case drain

(7) Speed sensor for the piston motor

(8) Swashplate

(9) Control piston

(10) Main input port

(11) Signal oil

(12) Valve spool

All wheel drive piston motors (AWD piston motors) are a variable displacement axial piston motor.
Motor displacement is controlled by the AWD ECM in order to provide optimum speed and
optimum torque for all conditions. Up to gear 4F or gear 3R, the motor is typically at maximum
displacement. Above gear 4F or gear 3R, the motor operates at a lower displacement that is
determined by the AWD ECM. When the ratio of the front motor speed to the engine speed is below
75 percent, the front motor is operating at maximum displacement. In this range below 75 percent,
the front motor ratio is controlled by the pump swashplate angle only. When the ratio of the front
motor speed to the engine speed is above 75 percent, the pump is operating at maximum
displacement. In this range above 75 percent, the front motor ratio is controlled by reducing the
angle of the motor swashplate only.

Five lines are connected to each motor:

z Two high pressure lines (1) and (10)

z One control line (11)

z One case drain line (6)

z One charge pressure line (2)

Oil is supplied to the AWD motors by the AWD piston pumps. The direction of the motor rotation is
controlled by the oil flow direction from the piston pumps. Motor displacement is regulated by valve
spool (12) . Valve spool (12) is controlled by the proportional solenoids that are located in the AWD
control valve and by the spring.

During low speed operations in the forward direction, the valve spool (12) is being held in position
(B) by the spring. Charge oil is allowed to flow to the left side of control piston (9) . The charge oil
keeps control piston (9) to the right at the maximum displacement.

During high speed operations, signal oil (11) from the AWD valve will cause valve spool (12) to
shift. Valve spool (12) will shift to a position that is balanced by the force of the spring. The control
piston (9) follows the position of valve spool (12) . If spool (12) shifts to the right, position (A) is
selected. The shift of spool (12) provides oil flow that moves control piston (9) to the right until
control piston (9) is aligned with spool (12) . The shift of control piston (9) causes a decrease in the
displacement of the motor. If spool (12) shifts to the left, position (B) is selected. The shift of spool

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(12) provides oil flow that moves control piston (9) to the left until control piston (9) is aligned with
spool (12) . The shift of control piston (9) causes a increase in the displacement of the motor.

In the forward direction, high pressure oil flows to the motor in line (10) . The high pressure oil acts
on the end of shuttle spool (3) . The high pressure oil shifts the shuttle spool to position (E) . This
allows oil from the low pressure side of the circuit to flow through the shuttle valve to relief valve
(5) . When the pressure in the low pressure side of the circuit builds up, relief valve (5) will shift.
The shift of the relief valve will allow oil to drain to the motor case. Oil then leaves the motor case
through line (6) . This flushing flow provides cooling for the drive loop and for the motor
components.

The operation of the motors in reverse is similar to the operation in forward. In the reverse direction,
high pressure oil will enter the motor through line (1) . High pressure oil acts on the end of shuttle
spool (3) . The oil shifts the shuttle spool to position (C) . This allows oil from the low pressure side
of the circuit to flow through the shuttle valve to relief valve (5) .

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