Physics 4A Winter 2016 Test 1

Name:
Jan 22, 2016

Please show your work! Answer as many questions as you can, in any order. Calculators
are allowed. Books and notes are not allowed. Use any blank space to answer questions, but
please make sure it is clear which question your answer refers to.

g = 9.8 ms−2 (If you like you can use g = 10 ms−2 , but make your choice clear.)

Trigonometric Identities
sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
sin(2θ) = 2 sin(θ) cos(θ)
cos(2θ) = cos2 θ − sin2 θ
sin(α ± β) = sin α cos β ± cos α sin β
cos(α ± β) = cos α cos β ∓ sin α sin β
cos α cos β = 21 [cos(α − β) + cos(α + β)]
sin α sin β = 21 [cos(α − β) − cos(α + β)]
sin α cos β = 12 [sin(α + β) + sin(α − β)]
sin θ + π2 = cos θ

cos θ + π2 = − sin θ

1
sec θ := cos θ
1
csc θ := sin θ
1
cot θ := tan θ

1
 deer making a
20. A ball is tossed from an upper-story window of a build-
elevations yi 5 1.
W ing. The ball is given an initial velocity of 8.00 m/s at
1. A firefighteran angle
directs of 20.0°
a stream belowfrom
of water theahorizontal. It strikes
fire hose towards the building at
a burning
ground
angle θi above 3.00 s later.
the horizontal (a) How
as shown. If thefar horizontally
initial from
speed of the theis vi and the
stream
base
stream strikes the of the building
building does
at a height h, the ball strike the ground?
(b) Find the height from which the ball was thrown.
(a) give an expression for the two possible distances, d, from the firefighter to the
(c) How long does it take the ball to reach a point 10.0 m
building, in terms of all or some of g, θi , h, and vi . If the stream of water has
below the level of launching?
gone through its peak height and is descending when it strikes the building (as
21. in
shown A the
firefighter, a distance
picture) which d from
of the two a burning
solutions building,
gives the distance d shown in the
S directs
picture? [5 pts] a stream of water from a fire hose at angle ui
(b) Give an above the horizontal
expression as shown
for the speed in Figure
of the water P4.21.
and the angleIf itthe
makes to the
initial speed of the stream is v ,
horizontal as it strikes the building (in terms
i at what height h does
of all or some of g, θi , h, and a
the water strike the building?
vi ). [4 pts]
25. A playground is
above the stree
of the building
railing around
the street below
h ing it at an angl
S
vi point d 5 24.0 m
ball takes 2.20
ui d wall. (a) Find th
(b) Find the ver
the wall. (c) Fin
Figure P4.21 to the point on
22. A landscape architect is
planning an artificial water-
fall in a city park. Water
flowing at 1.70 m/s will
h
leave the end of a horizon-
tal channel at the top of
a vertical wall h 5 2.35  m
u
high, and from there it will
fall into a pool (Fig. P4.22).
(a) Will the space behind
Figure P4.22
the waterfall be wide
enough for a pedestrian walkway? (b) To sell her plan to 26. The motion of
the city council, the architect wants to build a model to modeled as the
standard scale, which is one-twelfth actual size. How fast ter of mass as w
should the water flow in the channel in the model? nents of the disp
23. A placekicker must kick a football from a point 36.0 m from the begin
AMT (about 40 yards) from the goal. Half the crowd hopes
described by the
M the ball will clear the crossbar, which is 3.05 m high. xf 5
When kicked, the ball leaves the ground with a speed
0.360 m 5 0.840 m 1
of 20.0 m/s at an angle of 53.0° to the horizontal. (a) By
how much does the ball clear or fall short of clearing where t is in sec
the crossbar? (b) Does the 2 ball approach the crossbar lete ends the ju
while still rising or while falling? and (b) his vecto
far did he jump
24. A basketball star covers 2.80 m horizontally in a jump to
2. A spaceship is in a circular orbit around the Earth, 800 km above the Earth’s surface,
where the free-fall acceleration is 7.75 m/s2 . Take the radius of the Earth as 6370 km.
Determine

(a) the speed of the spaceship and [3 pts]

(b) the time interval required to complete one orbit around the Earth, which is the
period of the spaceship. Give your answer in hours. [3 pts]
(c) The spaceship now begins to move into a higher orbit. It speeds up by 400 m/s
over the course of 3 minutes with a constant rate of increase of speed. What is
the total acceleration (give a magnitude and a direction, with a sketch to show
your angle) of the spaceship just at the moment that it begins to speed up when
it is 800 km above the Earth’s surface. (Assume the mass of the spaceship does
not change.) [4pts]

3
 while it is falling, using the variables F, m, and g.
S a resistive medium, its speed decrease
18. A force F applied to an object of mass m1 produces
2 the equation v 5 vi 2 kx, where k i
W an acceleration of 3.00 m/s . The same force applied
3. object
Two forces F1 and ficient and x is the position of the ob
to a second of mass m 2Fproduces
2 act on a an
3.00acceleration
kg object.
describing the total force acting on th
of 1.00 m/s2. (a)(a)Taking
What F is1 the value
= 24.0 of the
N and F2 =ratio m1/m
18.0 N, find2?the acceleration of the object for the
(b) If m1 and m 2 configuration
are combined into one
of forces shownobject,
inSthefind its below. [4 pts]
diagram Section 5.7 Analysis Models Using Newton’
acceleration (b)under the
Assume
action
that the
of the
object
force
begins
F .
at rest and then the constant forces are applied.
S S 25. Review. Figure P5.25 shows a
19. Two forces F 1 and WhatF 2 isacttheonvelocity
a 5.00-kg object.
(vector!) Taking
of the object when it has moved a distance of
worker poling a boat—a very
M F 1 5 20.0 N andd = F 22.00
5 15.0 m? [4N,pts]find the accelerations
efficient mode of transporta-
of the object (c)for Now
the configurations
suppose F2 = 0 and of forces
F1 is givenshown
by F in1 = (24.0 + 3.00x) i N, and the object
tion—across a shallow lake. He
parts (a) and (b)starts
of Figure
at restP5.19.

AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell
at position x = 0. What is the velocity of the object after it has
pushes parallel to the length of
moved through the distance of d = 2.00 m? [4 pts]
S the light pole, exerting a force
F2 of magnitude 240 N on the
S
F2 bottom of the lake. Assume the
pole lies in the vertical plane
containing the keel of the
90.0! boat. At one moment, the pole
60.0!
S S makes an angle of 35.0° with
m F1 m F1
+x the vertical and the water exerts a hor
a b
of 47.5 N on the boat, opposite to its f
magnitude 0.857 m/s. The mass of th
Figure P5.19 its cargo and the worker is 370 kg. (a)

4
4. The diagram shows two blocks of masses m1 and m2 on a frictionless inclined surface
connected by a massless rope and suspended by another massless rope parallel to the
incline. The ropes cannot stretch.

T1

m1
T2

m2

(a) If the blocks are at rest on the surface, find expressions for the tensions (just the
magnitudes) in the ropes, T1 and T2 . [5 pts]
(b) Now suppose the tension in rope 1 increases because someone pulls on the top
end of that rope. Call the new force supplied to rope 1 F . (F > T1 if T1 is the
tension required to support the blocks at rest). Describe in a few words what
the blocks will do. Find T20 , the new tension in the rope connecting the blocks in
terms of some or all of F , m1 , m2 , θ, and g. [5 pts]