Summit 1

Unit 2

Present perfect and present

perfect continuous
Noun clauses
 Vocabulary
Elements of Creative
music: personalities
Gifted
Beat Energetic
Lyrics Imaginative
Melody Passionate
Sound Eccentric
Voice Difficult
Moody
Egotistical
 Present perfect
Use it to talk about finished actions. When an action is
completed at an unspecified time in the past.

EXAMPLES
I’ve already watched I’ve heard
that movie. I watched that CD twice.
it yesterday.

Unit 2. p 16
 Present perfect continuous

Use it to describe actions that began in the past, con-

tinue into the present and may continue to the future.
Unfinished or continuing actions.

01 03 EXAMPLES
1 past 3 future I have been listening to
BEGIN MAY CONTINUE
Mozart since I was a child.
2 present
CONTINUE She has been studying En-
glish since 1990.
02
 Noun clauses
A noun clause can be a subject, a direct object, an
indirect object , a subject complement or the object
of a preposition.

1 subject
Whatever happens during the day
comes out in my music

2 direct object
I don’t know why I’m so crazy about his
music.

Unit 2. p.18
 More examples
Indirect speech is expressed using a noun clause.

3
They asked whether/ if we could recommend
some good recordings.

A noun clause can be also introduce by whoever,

whomever or whatever…

4
Whoever can combine hip-hop with pop.
 Now practice

Present Perfect or Continuos ??

1 Lucy __________ (run) 2000 metres today.

2 I _______ (clean) all morning - I'm fed up!

3 How long ___________Simon?

4 I __________(drink) more water recently, and I feel better.

5 Sorry about the mess! I _______ (bake).

 Noun clauses

1 Pollution
Read the list of im-
personal expressions 2 Population
that introduce noun
clauses. 3 Education

4 Poverty
Summit 1

Unit 2

Present perfect and present

perfect continuous
Noun clauses