Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

ARASOF-Nasugbu
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas
Telephone No.: (043) 416-03-49/50
Gen. Ed 103 Life and Works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal
LECTURE IN NOLI ME TANGERE

I. DATES/EVENTS

Almost 7 years- Years spent by Crisostomo Ibarra in Europe.

1 year- Year spent by Ibarra in England.
November 1- Todos Los Santos or All Soul's Day
November 10- Eve (Bisperas) of Fiesta in San Diego.

II. PERSONAGES/ TERMINOLOGIES TO BE DEFINED

Personages
Crisóstomo Ibarra - Also known in his full name as Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin,
a Filipino who studied in Europe for 7 years, the love interest of Maria Clara.  Son of the
deceased Don Rafael Ibarra; Crisostomo changed his surname from Eibarramendia to
Ibarra, from his ancestor's surname.
Elías - Ibarra's mysterious friend, a master boater, also a fugitive.  He was referred to at
one point as the pilot.  He wants to revolutionize his country.  Ibarra's grandfather
condemned his grandfather of burning a warehouse, making Elias the fugitive he is.
María Clara - María Clara de los Santos, Ibarra's sweetheart; the illegitimate daughter
of Father Dámaso and Pía Alba.
Father Dámaso - Also known in his full name as Dámaso Verdolagas, Franciscan friar
and María Clara's biological father.
Don Filipo - A close relative of Ibarra, and a Filibuster.
Linares - A distant nephew of Don Tiburcio de Espadana, the would-be fiance of Maria
Clara.
Captain General (no specific name) -The most powerful official in the Philippines, a
hater of secular priests and corrupt officials, and a friend of Ibarra.
Captain Pablo - The Leader of the rebels, whose family was destroyed because of the
Spanish.
Tarcilo and Bruno - Brothers, whose father was killed by the Spaniards.
Sisa - The mother of Basilio and Crispín, who went insane after losing her sons.
Basilio - The elder son of Sisa.
Crispín - The younger son of Sisa who died from the punishment from the soldiers from
the false accusation of stealing an amount of money.
Padre Sibyla - Hernando de la Sibyla, a Filipino friar.  He is described as short and has
fair skin.
Kaptain Tiago - Also known in his fullname as Don Santiago de los Santos the known
father of María Clara but not the real one; lives in Binondo.
Padri Salví - Also known in his full name as Bernardo Salví, a secret admirer of María
Clara.
Pilosopo Tasyo - Also known as Don Anastasio, portrayed in the novel as a pessimist,
cynic, and mad by his neighbors.
The Alférez - Chief of the Guardia Civil ; mortal enemy of the priests for the power in
San Diego.
Don Tiburcio - Spanish husband of Donya Victorina who is limp and submissive to his
wife; he also pretends to be a doctor.
Doña Victorina - Victorina de los Reyes de De Espadaña, a woman who passes
herself off as a Peninsular.
Doña Consolación- Wife of the Alférez, another woman who passes herself as a
Peninsular; best remembered for her abusive treatment of Sisa.
Pedro - Abusive husband of Sisa who loves cockfighting.
Old Tasio - An older man who Ibarra seeks advice from. The town thinks him mad, but
in actuality he is quite wise.

Terminologies
Abá - A Tagalog exclamation of wonder, surprise, etc., often used to introduce or
emphasize a contradictory statement.
Abaka - Manila hemp, the fiber of a plant of the banana family.
Achara - Pickles made from the tender shoots of bamboo, green papayas, etc.
Alcalde - Governor of a province or district with both executive and judicial authority.
Alférez - Junior officer of the Civil Guard, ranking next below a lieutenant.
Alibambang - A leguminous plant whose acid leaves are used in cooking.
Alpay - A variety of nephelium, similar but inferior to the Chinese lichi.
Alpombra -a carpet or floor rug
Among - Term used by the natives in addressing a priest, especially a friar: from the
Spanish amo, master.
Amores-secos - Barren loves, a low-growing weed whose small, angular pods adhere
to clothing.
Ancora de Salvacion- Salvation anchor
Andas - A platform with handles, on which an image is borne in a procession.
Asuang - A malignant devil reputed to feed upon human flesh, being especially fond of
new-born babes.
Até - The sweet-sop.
Audiencia - The administrative council and supreme court of the Spanish régime.
Ayuntamiento - A city corporation or council, and by extension the building in which it
has its offices; specifically, in Manila, the capitol.
Azotea - The flat roof of a house or any similar platform; a roof-garden.
Babaye - Woman (the general Malay term).
Baguio - The local name for the typhoon or hurricane.
Bailúhan - Native dance and feast: from the Spanish baile.
Balete - The Philippine banyan, a tree sacred in Malay folk-lore.
Banka - dugout canoe with bamboo supports or outriggers.
Beaterio- a religious house
Bilibid - The general penitentiary at Manila.
Buyo - The masticatory prepared by wrapping a piece of areca-nut with a little shell-
lime in a betel-leaf: the pan of British India.
Cabeza de barangay - Headman and tax collector for a group of about fifty families, for
whose tribute he was personally responsible.
Café La campana- Famous restaurant in the time of the Spaniards
Calle - Street.
Camisa - 1. A loose, collarless shirt of transparent material worn by men outside the
trousers.  2. A thin, transparent waist with flowing sleeves, worn by women.
Camote - A variety of sweet potato.
Capitan - Captain, a title used in addressing or referring to the gobernadorcillo or a
former occupant of that office.
Carambas - A Spanish exclamation denoting surprise or displeasure.
Carbineer - Internal-revenue guard.
Cedula - Certificate of registration and receipt for poll-tax.
Chico - The sapodilla plum.
Civil Guard - Internal quasi-military police force of Spanish officers and native soldiers.
Cochero - Carriage driver: coachman.
Colado- Gatecrasher
Consul - A wealthy merchant; originally, a member of the Consulado, the tribunal, or
corporation, controlling the galleon trade.
Consulado- the place or building in which a consul's duties are carried out.
Corporacion - a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally
a person) and recognized as such in law.
Cuadrillero - Municipal guard.
Cuarto - A copper coin, one hundred and sixty of which were equal in value to a silver
peso.
Cuidao - Take care! Look out! A common exclamation, from the Spanish cuidado.
Dálag - The Philippine Ophiocephalus, the curious walking mudfish that abounds in the
paddy-fields during the rainy season.
Dalaga - Maiden, woman of marriageable age.
Desestanco- (Desistance) to cease, as from some action or proceeding; stop
Dinding - House-wall or partition of plaited bamboo wattle.
Director, directorcillo - The town secretary and clerk of the gobernadorcillo.
Distinguido - A person of rank serving as a private soldier but exempted from menial
duties and in promotions preferred to others of equal merit.
Erehe - Someone who is against religion and government
Escribano - Clerk of court and official notary.
Estudios Coloniales- Colonial studies El Correo de Ultramar- a letter from the far
seas/overseas
Filibuster - A native of the Philippines who was accused of advocating their separation
from Spain.
Fonda de Lala – Famous hotel during the time of Rizal
Gobernadorcillo -Petty governor, the principal municipal official.
Gogo - A climbing, woody vine whose macerated stems are used as soap; soap-vine.
Guingón - Dungaree, a coarse blue cotton cloth.
Hermano mayor - The manager of a fiesta.
Husi - A fine cloth made of silk interwoven with cotton, abaka, or pineapple-leaf fibers.
Ilang- ilang- The Malay flower of flowers, from which the well-known essence is
obtained.
Indian - The Spanish designation for the Christianized Malay of the Philippines was
indio (Indian), a term used rather contemptuously, the name Filipino being generally
applied in a restricted sense to the children of Spaniards born in the Islands.
Kaingin - A woodland clearing made by burning off the trees and underbrush, for
planting upland rice or camotes.
Kalan - The small, portable, open, clay fireplace commonly used in cooking.
Kalao - The Philippine hornbill. As in all Malay countries, this bird is the object of
curious superstitions. Its raucous cry, which may be faintly characterized as hideous, is
said to mark the hours and, in the night-time, to presage death or other disaster.
Kalikut - A short section of bamboo in which the buyo is mixed; a primitive betel-box.
Kamagon - A tree of the ebony family, from which fine cabinet-wood is obtained. Its fruit
is the mabolo, or date-plum.
Kasamá - Tenants on the land of another, to whom they render payment in produce or
by certain specified services.
Kogon - A tall, rank grass used for thatch.
Kris - A Moro dagger or short sword with a serpentine blade.
Kundíman - A native song.
Kupang - A large tree of the Mimosa family.
Kuriput - Miser, skinflint.
Lanson - The langsa, a delicious cream-colored fruit about the size of a plum. In the
Philippines, its special habitat is the country around the Lake of Bay.
Liam-pó - A Chinese game of chance (?).
Lomboy - The jambolana, a small, blue fruit with a large stone.
Loto- A kind of plant called “poison ivy”. Leaves are the most toxic part of the plant,
contact with any part (even when the plant is bare of foliage) can cause an allergic
reaction.
Malacañang - The palace of the Captain-General in Manila: from the vernacular name
of the place where it stands, fishermen’s resort.
Mankukúlan - An evil spirit causing sickness and other misfortunes, and a person
possessed of such a demon.
Morisqueta - Rice boiled without salt until dry, the staple food of the Filipinos.
Moro - Mohammedan Malay of southern Mindanao and Sulu.
Mutya - Some object with talismanic properties, rabbit’s foot.
Nakú - A Tagalog exclamation of surprise, wonder, etc.
Nipa - Swamp-palm, with the imbricated leaves of which the roots and sides of the
common Filipino houses are constructed.
Nito - A climbing fern whose glossy, wiry leaves are used for making fine hats, cigar-
cases, etc.
Novena - A devotion consisting of prayers recited on nine consecutive days, asking for
some special favor; also, a booklet of these prayers.
Oy - An exclamation to attract attention, used toward inferiors and in familiar
intercourse: probably a contraction of the Spanish imperative, oye, listen!
Pakó - An edible fern.
Palasán - A thick, stout variety of rattan, used for walking-sticks.
Pandakaki - A low tree or shrub with small, star-like flowers.
Pañuelo - A starched neckerchief folded stiffly over the shoulders, fastened in front and
falling in a point behind: the most distinctive portion of the customary dress of the
Filipino women.
Papaya - The tropical papaw, fruit of the melon-tree.
Paracmason - Freemason, the bête noire of the Philippine friar.
Peseta - A silver coin, in value one-fifth of a peso or thirty-two cuartos.
Peso - A silver coin, either the Spanish peso or the Mexican dollar, about the size of an
American dollar and of approximately half its value.
Pidgin English- a simplified speech used for communication between people with
different languages
Piyano de cola- Grand piano Oleo- relating to or containing oil.
Piña -Fine cloth made from pineapple-leaf fibers.
Proper names - The author has given a simple and sympathetic touch to his story
throughout by using the familiar names commonly employed among the Filipinos in their
home-life.  Some of these are nicknames or pet names, such as Andong, Andoy, Choy,
Neneng (Baby), Puté, Tinchang, and Yeyeng.  Others are abbreviations or corruptions
of the Christian names, often with the particle ng or ay added, which is a common
practice: Andeng, Andrea; Doray, Teodora; Iday, Brigida (Bridget); [502]Sinang, Lucinda
(Lucy); Sipa, Josefa; Sisa, Narcisa; Teo, Teodoro (Theodore); Tiago, Santiago (James);
Tasio, Anastasio; Tiká, Escolastica; Tinay, Quintina; Tinong, Saturnino.
Provincial - Head of a religious order in the Philippines.
Querida - Paramour, mistress: from the Spanish, beloved.
Real - One-eighth of a peso, twenty cuartos.
Reverencia- Reverence meaning deep respect for someone or something.
Sala - The principal room in the more pretentious Philippine houses.
Salabat - An infusion of ginger.
Salakot - Wide hat of palm or bamboo and rattan, distinctively Filipino.
Sampaguita - The Arabian jasmine: a small, white, very fragrant flower, extensively
cultivated, and worn in chaplets and rosaries by the women and girls—the typical
Philippine flower.
Santol - The Philippine sandal-tree.
Sawali - Plaited bamboo wattle.
Sinamay - A transparent cloth woven from abaka fibers.
Sinigang - Water with vegetables or some acid fruit, in which fish are boiled; fish soup.
Sombrero de copa - A top hat, high hat, cylinder hat or topper is a tall, flat-crowned hat
for men traditionally associated with formal wear in Western dress codes, meaning
white tie, morning dress or frock coat.
Susmariosep - A common exclamation: contraction of the Spanish, Jesús, María, y
José, the Holy Family.
Synagogue - is a Jewish or Samaritan house of worship.
Tabí - The cry of carriage drivers to warn pedestrians.
Talibon - A short sword, the war bolo.
Tapa - Jerked meat.
Tápis - A piece of dark cloth or lace, often richly worked or embroidered, worn at the
waist somewhat in the fashion of an apron: a distinctive portion of the native women’s
attire, especially among the Tagalogs.
Tarambulo - A low weed whose leaves and fruit pedicles are covered with short, sharp
spines.
Teniente-mayor - Senior lieutenant, the senior member of the town council and
substitute for the gobernadorcillo.
Tikas-tikas - A variety of canna bearing bright red flowers.
Tertiary brethren - Members of a lay society affiliated with a regular monastic order,
especially the Venerable Tertiary Order of the Franciscans.
Timbaín - The water-cure, and hence, any kind of torture. The primary meaning is to
draw water from a well, from timba, pail.
Tikbalang - An evil spirit, capable of assuming various forms, but said to appear usually
in the shape of a tall black man with disproportionately long legs: the bogey man of
Tagalog children.
Tulisan - Outlaw, bandit.  Under the old régime in the Philippines the tulisanes were
those who, on account of real or fancied grievances against the authorities, or from fear
of punishment for crime, or from an instinctive desire to return to primitive simplicity,
foreswore life in the towns under the bell, and made their homes in the mountains or
other remote places.  Gathered in small bands with such arms as they could secure,
they sustained themselves by highway robbery and the levying of blackmail from the
country folk.
Zacate - Native grass used for feeding livestock.

III. IMPORTANT THINGS TO REMEMBER

Characteristics of Maria Clara:

1. She has reddish hair
2. Have a pointed nose
3. Have a dimple in her cheeks
4. She have porcellain skin

Things/Gifts received by Don Rafael Ibarra because of his influence:

1. Fruits
2. Wild Boar
3. Deer
4. Horse

Characteristics of Father Bernardo Salvi:

1. Quiet
2. Thin man
3. Sickly

Children of Sisa:
1. Basilio
2. Crispin

The Two Parties (Partido's):

1. Partido Conservado
2. Partido Liberal

Two Comedia's that were performed in the Fiesta:

1. Ang Paghahalal sa Kapitan
2. Maria Makiling
Things that are present in the Fiesta of San Diego:
1. Orchestra
2. Musical Band
3. Table full of fruits and desserts
4. Houses that were surrounded by colorful "banderitas"
5. Imported Alcohol Beverages
6. Champagne
7. Imported ham from Europe and China
8. "Relyenong Pabo"
9. Atsarang Papaya

The Three Tahur's:

1. Don Tiago
2. Don Joaquin
3. Don Carlos

Jewelries the surrounds the locket of Maria Clara given by Don Tiago:
1. Diamonds (Brilliantes)
2. Emerald

Artists who performed in a Spanish Play:

1. Ratia Carjaval
2. Fernandez

Saints that are present in the parade:

1. San Juan Bautista
2. San Francisco or Giovanni Bernardine
3. Sta. Maria Magdalena
4. San Diego De Alcala
5. Mahal na Birhen

Voice Artists in Crispino dela Comare:

1. Chananay
2. Marianito

Submitted by:

GEMMALYN L. AGQUIZ____
BSEd-SCIENCES 1104

Submitted to:

ASSOC. PROFESSOR DALISAY C. RODRIGUEZ

INSTRUCTOR
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
ARASOF-Nasugbu
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas
Telephone No.: (043) 416-03-49/50
Gen. Ed 103 Life and Works of Dr. Jose P. Rizal
LECTURE IN EL FILIBUSTERISMO

I. DATES/EVENTS

 CHRISTMAS- During Christmas, Basilio always going to the cemetery in ibarra's forest to
visit his mother.
 FEAST DAY IN QUIAPO- All the people are enjoy watching different talent shows.
 LAGUNA- The place where Vapor Tabo deliver a group of travelers.

II. PERSONAGES/ TERMINOLOGIES TO BE DEFINED

PERSONAGES
Simoun - Crisóstomo Ibarra reincarnated as a wealthy jeweler, bent on starting a
revolution
Basilio - Sisa's son, now an aspiring doctor
Isagani - poet and Basilio's best friend; portrayed as emotional and reactive; Paulita
Gómez' boyfriend before being dumped for fellow student Juanito Peláez
Kabesang Tales - Telesforo Juan de Dios, a former cabeza de barangay (barangay
head) who resurfaced as the feared Luzón bandit Matanglawin (Tagalog for Hawkeye);
his father, Old Man Selo, dies eventually after his own son Tano, who became a guardia
civil, unknowingly shoots his grandfather in an encounter
Don Custodio - Custodio de Salazar y Sánchez de Monteredondo, a famous journalist
who was asked by the students about his decision for the Academia de Castellano. In
reality, he is quite an ordinary fellow who married a rich woman in order to be a member
of Manila's high society
Paulita Gómez - the girlfriend of Isagani and the niece of Doña Victorina, the old India
who passes herself off as a Peninsular, who is the wife of the quack doctor Tiburcio de
Espadaña. In the end, she and Juanito Peláez are wed, and she dumps Isagani,
believing that she will have no future if she marries him
Father Florentino - Isagani's godfather, and a secular priest; was engaged to be
married, but chose the priesthood instead, the story hinting at the ambivalence of his
decision as he chooses an assignment to a remote place, living in solitude near the sea.
Huli - Juliana de Dios, the girlfriend of Basilio, and the youngest daughter of Kabesang
Tales
Ben Zayb - Abraham Ibañez is his real name. He is a journalist who thinks he is the
only one thinking in the Philippines
Placido Penitente - a student of the University of Santo Tomas who is always
miserable, and therefore controls his temper
Quiroga - a Chinese businessman who dreamt of being a consul of a Consulate of
China in the Philippines. He hid Simoun's weapons inside his house
Old Man Selo - father of Kabesang Tales. He raised the sick and young Basilio after his
mother Sisa had died
Father Fernandez - the priest-friend of Isagani. He promised to Isagani that he and the
other priests will give in to the students' demands
Attorney Pasta - one of the great lawyers of mid-Hispanic Manila
Captain-General - (no specific name) the powerful highest official of the Philippines
Padre Sibyla - Hernando de la Sibyla, a Filipino friar and now vice-rector of the
University of Santo Tomas (U.S.T.)

TERMINOLOGIES
Abá - A Tagalog exclamation of wonder, surprise, etc., often used to introduce or
emphasize a contradictory statement.
Alcalde - Governor of a province or district, with both executive and judicial authority.
Ayuntamiento - A city corporation or council, and by extension the building in which it
has its offices; specifically, in Manila, the capitol.
Balete - The Philippine banyan, a tree sacred in Malay folk-lore.
Banka - A dugout canoe with bamboo supports or outriggers.
Batalan - The platform of split bamboo attached to a nipa house.
Batikúlin - A variety of easily-turned wood, used in carving.
Bibinka - A sweetmeat made of sugar or molasses and rice-flour, commonly sold in the
small shops.
Buyera - A woman who prepares and sells the buyo.
Buyo - The masticatory prepared by wrapping a piece of areca-nut with a little shell-
lime in a betel-leaf—the pan of British India.
Cabesang - Title of a cabeza de barangay; given by courtesy to his wife also.
Cabeza de barangay - Headman and tax-collector for a group of about fifty families, for
whose tribute he was personally responsible.
Calesa - A two-wheeled chaise with folding top.
Calle - Street (Spanish).
Camisa - 1. A loose, collarless shirt of transparent material worn by men outside the
trousers.  2. A thin, transparent waist with flowing sleeves, worn by women.
Capitan - Captain, a title used in addressing or referring to a gobernadorcillo, or a
former occupant of that office.
Carambas - A Spanish exclamation denoting surprise or displeasure.
Carbineer - Internal-revenue guard.
Carromata - A small two-wheeled vehicle with a fixed top.
Casco - A flat-bottomed freight barge.
Cayman - The Philippine crocodile.
Cedula - Certificate of registration and receipt for poll-tax.
Chongka - A child’s game played with pebbles or cowry-shells.
Cigarrera - A woman working in a cigar or cigarette factory.
Civil Guard - Internal quasi-military police force of Spanish officers and native soldiers.
Cochero - Carriage driver, coachman.
Cuarto - A copper coin, one hundred and sixty of which were equal in value to a silver
peso.
Filibuster - A native of the Philippines who was accused of advocating their separation
from Spain.
Filibusterism - See filibuster.
Gobernadorcillo - Petty governor, the principal municipal official—also, in Manila, the
head of a commercial guild.
Gumamela - The hibiscus, common as a garden shrub in the Philippines.
Indian – The Spanish designation for the Christianized Malay of the Philippines was
indio (Indian), a term used rather contemptuously, the name Filipino being generally
applied in a restricted sense to the children of Spaniards born in the Islands.
Kalan - The small, portable, open, clay fireplace commonly used in cooking.
Kalikut - A short section of bamboo for preparing the buyo; a primitive betel-box.
Kamago - A tree of the ebony family, from which fine cabinet-wood is obtained.  Its fruit
is the mabolo, or date-plum.
Lanete - A variety of timber used in carving.
Linintikan - A Tagalog exclamation of disgust or contempt—thunder!
Malacañang - The palace of the Captain-General: from the vernacular name of the
place where it stands, fishermen’s resort.
Malecon - A drive along the bay shore of Manila, opposite the Walled City.
Mestizo - A person of mixed Filipino and Spanish blood; sometimes applied also to a
person of mixed Filipino and Chinese blood.
Nakú - A Tagalog exclamation of surprise, wonder, etc.
Narra - The Philippine mahogany.
Nipa - Swamp palm, with the imbricated leaves of which the roofs and sides of the
common native houses are constructed.
Novena - A devotion consisting of prayers recited for nine consecutive days, asking for
some special favor; also, a booklet of these prayers.
Panguingui - A complicated card-game, generally for small stakes, played with a monte
deck.
Panguinguera - A woman addicted to panguingui, this being chiefly a feminine
diversion in the Philippines.
Pansit - A soup made of Chinese vermicelli.
Pansitería - A shop where pansit is prepared and sold.
Pañuelo - A starched neckerchief folded stiffly over the shoulders, fastened in front and
falling in a point behind: the most distinctive portion of the customary dress of Filipino
women.
Peso - A silver coin, either the Spanish peso or the Mexican dollar, about the size of an
American dollar and of approximately half its value.
Petate - Sleeping-mat woven from palm leaves.
Piña - Fine cloth made from pineapple-leaf fibers.
Provincial - The head of a religious order in the Philippines.
Puñales - Daggers!
Querida - A paramour, mistress: from the Spanish beloved.
Real - One-eighth of a peso, twenty cuartos.
Sala - The principal room in the more pretentious Philippine houses.
Salakot - Wide hat of palm or bamboo, distinctively Filipino.
Sampaguita - The Arabian jasmine: a small, white, very fragrant flower, extensively
cultivated, and worn in chaplets and rosaries by women and girls—the typical Philippine
flower.
Sipa - A game played with a hollow ball of plaited bamboo or rattan, by boys standing in
a circle, who by kicking it with their heels endeavor to keep it from striking the ground.
Soltada - A bout between fighting-cocks.
Susmariosep - A common exclamation: contraction of the Spanish, Jesús, María, y
José, the Holy Family.
Tabi - The cry used by carriage drivers to warn pedestrians.
Tabú - A utensil fashioned from half of a coconut shell.
Tajú - A thick beverage prepared from bean-meal and syrup.
Tampipi - A telescopic basket of woven palm, bamboo, or rattan.
Tandang - A title of respect for an old man: from the Tagalog term for old.
Tapis - A piece of dark cloth or lace, often richly worked or embroidered, worn at the
waist somewhat in the fashion of an apron; a distinctive portion of the native women’s
attire, especially among the Tagalogs.
Tatakut - The Tagalog term for fear.
Teniente-mayor - Senior lieutenant, the senior member of the town council and
substitute for the gobernadorcillo.
Tertiary sister - A member of a lay society affiliated with a regular monastic order.
Tienda - A shop or stall for the sale of merchandise.
Tikbalang - An evil spirit, capable of assuming various forms, but said to appear usually
as a tall black man with disproportionately long legs: the bogey man of Tagalog
children.
Tulisan - Outlaw, bandit. Under the old régime in the Philippines the tulisanes were
those who, on account of real or fancied grievances against the authorities, or from fear
of punishment for crime, or from an instinctive desire to return to primitive simplicity,
foreswore life in the towns under the bell, and made their homes in the mountains or
other remote places.  Gathered in small bands with such arms as they could secure,
they sustained themselves by highway robbery and the levying of black-mail from the
country folk.
III. IMPORTANT THINGS TO BE DEFINED

 EL FILIBUSTERISMO is called the novel of politics.

 The first El Filibusterismo written by Jose Rizal was only 112 pages.
 El Filibusterismo started written by Rizal on September 1891.
 The last part of the novel was done on March 29, 1891.
 The reincarnation of Crisostomo Ibarra is Simoun.
 During the first when José Rizal written this novel, Rizal showcase the state of the
Filipinos when Spaniards time.

Submitted by:

GEMMALYN L. AGQUIZ_____
BSED-SCIENCES 1104

Submitted to:

ASSOC. PROFESSOR DALISAY C. RODRIGUEZ

INSTRUCTOR