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    The document defines mathematics and its basic components. Mathematics is described as a language that uses symbols, operations, and relations. There are four primitive mathematical objects: numbers, sets, statements, and shapes. Numbers can be represented using symbols like Hindu-Arabic numerals and Roman numerals. Basic mathematical operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extracting roots. Operations like addition and multiplication are called binary operations, while exponentiation and extracting roots are unary operations. An example of the order of operations rule PEMDAS is also provided.

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    The document defines mathematics and its basic components. Mathematics is described as a language that uses symbols, operations, and relations. There are four primitive mathematical objects: numbers, sets, statements, and shapes. Numbers can be represented using symbols like Hindu-Arabic numerals and Roman numerals. Basic mathematical operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extracting roots. Operations like addition and multiplication are called binary operations, while exponentiation and extracting roots are unary operations. An example of the order of operations rule PEMDAS is also provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    12 views47 pages

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics

    Uploaded by

    Angel Marie
    The document defines mathematics and its basic components. Mathematics is described as a language that uses symbols, operations, and relations. There are four primitive mathematical objects: numbers, sets, statements, and shapes. Numbers can be represented using symbols like Hindu-Arabic numerals and Roman numerals. Basic mathematical operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extracting roots. Operations like addition and multiplication are called binary operations, while exponentiation and extracting roots are unary operations. An example of the order of operations rule PEMDAS is also provided.

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    of 47

    Math 10

    Nature of Mathematics

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.
    There are four basic or primitive mathematical objects:

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.
    There are four basic or primitive mathematical objects:
    1 numbers

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.
    There are four basic or primitive mathematical objects:
    1 numbers
    2 sets

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.
    There are four basic or primitive mathematical objects:
    1 numbers
    2 sets
    3 statements

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    What is Mathematics?

    Definition
    Mathematics came from the Greek word mathemata which literally
    means things learned.

    Mathematics is also described as a language.


    As a language, mathematics uses symbols, operations and
    relations.
    There are four basic or primitive mathematical objects:
    1 numbers
    2 sets
    3 statements
    4 shapes

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers
    SYMBOLS

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers
    SYMBOLS
    1 Hindu-Arabic Numerals:

    0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers
    SYMBOLS
    1 Hindu-Arabic Numerals:

    0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
    2 Roman numerals:

    I, V, X, L, C, D, M

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers
    SYMBOLS
    1 Hindu-Arabic Numerals:

    0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
    2 Roman numerals:

    I, V, X, L, C, D, M
    3 Egyptian Numerals:

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10
    L 50

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10
    L 50
    C 100

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10
    L 50
    C 100
    D 500

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10
    L 50
    C 100
    D 500
    M 1,000

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Roman Numerals

    Roman Hindu-Arabic
    I 1
    V 5
    X 10
    L 50
    C 100
    D 500
    M 1,000

    Example: MCMXCVIII - 1998

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Egyptian Numerals

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)
    4 Division ( ÷)

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)
    4 Division ( ÷)
    5 Exponentiation

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)
    4 Division ( ÷)
    5 Exponentiation
    6 Extracting a root

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)
    4 Division ( ÷)
    5 Exponentiation
    6 Extracting a root
    Operations (1)-(4) are called binary operations

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    OPERATIONS
    1 Addition (+)
    2 Subtraction (-)
    3 Multiplication (×)
    4 Division ( ÷)
    5 Exponentiation
    6 Extracting a root
    Operations (1)-(4) are called binary operations while operations (5)
    and (6) are called unary operations

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2
    2 40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2
    2 40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2
    2 40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5 = 4 × 3 − 8 + 5

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2
    2 40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5 = 4 × 3 − 8 + 5
    = 12 − 8 + 5

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Rules on operations: PEMDAS
    Examples:
    1 1+2×3÷4

    1+2×3÷4 = 1+6÷4
    3
    = 1+
    2
    1
    = 2
    2
    2 40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5

    40 ÷ 10 × 3 − 8 + 5 = 4 × 3 − 8 + 5
    = 12 − 8 + 5
    = 9

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    Relations
    Theorem
    Given any two real numbers a and b, only one of the following is true:

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    Relations
    Theorem
    Given any two real numbers a and b, only one of the following is true:

    1 a=b

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    Relations
    Theorem
    Given any two real numbers a and b, only one of the following is true:

    1 a=b
    2 a>b

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Numbers

    Relations
    Theorem
    Given any two real numbers a and b, only one of the following is true:

    1 a=b
    2 a>b
    3 a<b

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics


    Exercises
    1 Convert the following numbers to the indicated system.
    a. 1983 to Egyptian hieroglyphics
    b. 1987 to Roman numerals
    c. 1991 to Egyptian hieroglyphics
    d. 2003 to Roman numerals
    e. 2008 to Egyptian hieroglyphics
    2 Convert the following to Hindu-Arabic numerals.
    a. CLVI
    b. DCCLVI
    c. MDCCLXV
    d. XCIV
    e. CMXCIX
    3 Perform the indicated operations.
    a. 28 ÷ 14 × 7 − 4 + 2
    b. 35 × 2 ÷ 5 + 7 − 23

    Math 10 Nature of Mathematics

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