FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

 Fire Safety Inspector (FSI)

o Licensed Engineer: (Ar, Ce, Che, Ece, Me, Se)
 CE
 ME
 ChE
 SE
 ECE
 AR.
 With 1 year BFP service; or any baccalaureate degree with 3
years BFP service.(1 year sa engr / 3 years bfp service sa
ibang degree)
 Plan Evaluators
o Licensed Architect or Engineer
 A graduate of any baccalaureate degree with Fire Arson Investigation
and Inspection Course (FAIIC) Training. Pwede mga engr. Pero pag
other degree, kelangan mag take ng FAIIC
 Enforcement and Administration
o No occupancy permit / business permit shall BE ISSUED without securing a Fire
Safety Inspection Certificate (FSIC)(walang OP and BP kapag walang FSIC)
o The City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall review, evaluate, and assess the plans,
design, calculations, and specifications and issue the building FSEC (Fire Safety
Evaluation Clearance)– mag issue si city fire marshal ng FSEC for design
(evaluate design)
o Inspection of all buildings shall be done by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal
having jurisdiction.
 RA 9514(9514 at 1185)
o An act establishing a COMPREHENSIVE Fire Code of the Philippines –
repealing PD 1185.
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES: FIRE SAFETY EVALUATION AND INSPECTION
 Inspection and Construction
o The City/MunicipalFire Marshal shall inspect the PREMISES and issue the
necessary FSIC.(Fire Safety Inspection Certificate)– mag issue si fire city
marshall ng FSIC for premises
 Inspection after Construction
o FSI(Fire Safety Inspector) shall conduct final inspection in the establishment
applying for OCCUPANCYPERMIT and then prepares an AFTER INSPECTION
REPORT (AIR) using a CLASSIFIED STANDARD CHECKLIST.– after
construction , may after inspection report using CSC
o City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall inspect the premises and issue the necessary
Fire Safety Inspection Certificate (FSIC) – INSPECTION ng PREMISES
o FSI will prepare a report of recommendation FSIC or NOD (Notice of
Disapproval) which will be submitted to the FSES.- notice of recommendation
ay FSIC or NOD (Notice of Disapproval) – ipapasa kay FSES ( Fire Safety
Enforcement Section).
 o Endorsement by the BUILDING OFFICIAL of the application for OCCUPANCY
PERMIT accompanied by a CERTIFICATE of COMPLETION
 The prepared Inspection Order (IO) will be forwarded to the FSES(yung
Inspection Order na ginawa – ipapasa kay Fire Safety Enforcement
Section)
o No FSIC shall be issued without the submission of FALAR 2.(Walang FSIC
kung walang FALAR 2 - Fire and Life Safety Assessment Report)
o FSES will evaluate and recommend final action as subject to the approval of
CMFM.FSES ay mag evaluate and recommend final action with
City/Municipal Fire Marshall.
 Building Plan review
o No BUILDING PLAN shall be evaluated without the submission of Fire and Life
Safety Assessment Report 1 (FALAR 1)(Walang Building plan kung walang
FALAR 1)
o The City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall either approve/disapprove the evaluated
plans with the FSO.(City fire marshall mag-approve ng evaluated plans with
Fire Safety Officer)
o The City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall endorse back 5 copies of the approved
building plans with the FSEC and FSC to the building official.(City Fire Marshal
ay magpapasa ng 5 COPIES OF BUILDING PLANS with Fire Safety
Evaluation Clearance and Fire Safety Checklist)
o 6 sets of building plans payment of the assessed Fire Code Fees (FCF)
application for Building plan review.
o The Plan Evaluator shall evaluate and review the plans using a Fire Safety
Checklist(FSC).
o Evaluated plans shall be submitted to the Fire Safety Enforcement
Section(FSES) and endorse it to the City/Municipal Fire Marshal
 Business and Routine Inspection
o For existing building; business operation; periodic inspection by fire safety
inspectors;
 No FSIC shall be issued without the submission of FALAR 3.
 FALAR 1
o A written report prepared by the designers of the building with documentations
(plans/specifications and design analysis)
o Documentation on fire and life-safety features of the building
o City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall not issue a FSEC for the issuance of Building
Permit without the submission of FALAR 1.
 FALAR 2
o Fire Marshal shall not issue a FSIC as a requirement for the issuance of
occupancy permit without the submission of FALAR 2.
o Compilation report of all approved submittals, test, and accordance forms of all
fire protection and life-safety features.
o Documentation submitted by the contractor of the building CERTIFYING that the
construction was in accordance with the FALAR 1 and authorized changes.
 FALAR 3
 o Documentation on the required periodic maintenance and upkeep of the fire and
life-safety features of the building.
o CFMF shall not issue a FSIC as a requirement for the issuance of Business
Permit without the submission of FALAR 3.

CLASSES OF FIRE:
 Class A – fires involving ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS (wood, cloth, rubber,
and plastics)
 Class B – fires involving FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS and GASES
 Class C – fires involving ENERGIZED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
 Class D – fires involving COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS (METALS) *Sodium, Magnesium,
Potassium
 Class K – fires in cooking appliances (Kitchen) involving COMBUSTIBLE COOKING
MEDIA (i.e. vegetable or animal oils and fats)

Fire – ACTIVE PRINCIPLE of burning, characterized by the HEAT and LIGHT OF

COMBUSTION.
FIRE PROTECTION
A. PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS: - aim to protect occupants and/or a building
through CONTAINMENT OF FIRE AND SMOKE
 Fire Resistance – ability of the compartment boundaries to RESIST FIRE is dependent
on their integrity and fire resistance rating.
o Fire Resistance Rating
o Fire Resistive Time Period Rating
o Flame spread rating
o Surface Burning Characteristics Rating
 Protection of Structural Elements – SURFACE TREATMENT of structural members
(spray-on fireproofing made of:
o Low cementitious and mineral fiber coatings, or intrumescent coatings which
swell when heated thus forming an insulation around the steel.
o Unprotected structural steel loses ITS STRENGTH at HIGH TEMPERATURES
and must be protected from exposure to heat produced by building fires.
o Encasement of Steel members (poured concrete made of calcium silicate)
 Openings – common reason of Failure of COMPARTMENTATION to contain a fire is
due to OPENINGS in the compartment boundaries
 Compartmentation – common mode of fire spread in a compartmented building is
through OPEN DOORS, UNENCLOSED STAIRWAYS and SHAFTS
o Two-hour (2-hr) fire resistance rating or greater, if vertically-aligned fire barrier
wall exists between the portions of the building.
o Where the building or facility INCLUDES ADDITIONS / CONNECTED
STRUCTURES of different CONSTRUCTION TYPES
 o The least resistive type of construction of the connected portions, if no such
separation is provided.

B. Active Fire Protection Systems – consist of those that take an ADDITIONAL ACTION to
activate in the event of a fire.
o Smoke Detectors – sensing devices which sends signals to alarm panels when
activated.
o Smoke Alarms – sensing devices which alarms when activated.
 Sprinker Systems – thermosensitive devices designed to react at predetermined
temperatures by releasing a STREAM OF WATER and distributing it in SPECIFIED
PATTERNS
o Wet Pipe System
o Dry Pipe System
o Preaction System
o Deluge System
 FIRE SUPRESSION SYSTEMS
o Extinguishment Mechanisms
o Fire Suppression Agents
 Aqueous Agents (i.e. water and fire-fighting foam)
 Nonaqueous Agents (for materials which water would react i.e. electrical
systems)
o Cooling: Heat Reduction
o Smothering: Oxygen Deprivation
o Fuel Removal
 Fire Alarm Signals
o Manual Fire Alarm
o Automatic Fire Alarm
 Automatics Suppression Systems
o Sprinkler System Components
 Sprinkler (head)
 Pipe and Tube
 System valves
 FDAS
o Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
 Fire Detection
o Types of Initiating Devices
 Spot-Type
 Line-Type
 Video
MIDTERM EXAM
 Egress
o Minimum width = 915 mm
 FDAS – fire detection and alarm system
 FALAR 1 – been designed in accordance with the fire code provisions
 FALAR 2 – been constructed in accordance with the fire code provisions
 Class K – class of fire (vegetable oil)
 FALAR 3 – periodically been maintained
 RA 9514 – Presidential decree 1185
 SIX STORY FIRE EXITS (72 occupants) – ‘2’
 FIRE PROTECTION
o Passive
 Compartmentation
 Protection of Structural members
o Active
 FDAS
 Fire Alarms
 Sprinkler – thermosensitive devices – designed to react at predetermined temperatures
by automatically releasing a stream of water
  FALAR 1:
o Basis of designs for exits and egress
 FALAR 2
o Egress Calculation
o Testing and Commissioning, and acceptance data of FDAS
 FALAR 3
o Number of Active Exits
o Testing and Maintenance records done in the components of FDAS
 BFP = bureau of fire protection
 Fire- active principle
 ‘exits’ sufficient to permit the fast
 Fire Safety Checklist
 Fire Safety Evaluation Clearance
 Flame Spread Rating
o Class A – 0 - 25
o Class B – 26 – 75
o Class C – 76 – 200
o Class D – 201 - 500
o Class E - over 500

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
 Electric Circuit– the complete path traversed by an electric current
o the entire house wiring installation
 Branch Circuit – the circuit conductors between the final over-current protective device
and the outlets.
 Pic
 pic
o Source of voltage
o Wiring
o Load
 Service Entrance– the portion of the supply conductors which EXTENDS from the
street main duct to the SWITCHBOARD of the building supply
o Overhead service
o Underground service
 Pic
 Pic
 Electric Meter – pic
 Feeder – pic, pic
 Main Feeder

LOAD SCHEDULE COMPUTATION

 LIGHTING LOADS
o determine the NUMBER OF LIGHTING OUTLETS installed in the circuit (Circuit
1)
 By direct counting – circuit 1 has 10 outlets
 100 watts shall be the maximum load for each household lighting outlet
 10 outlets x 100 watts = 1000 watts
o Determine the total current load by (Total load / Voltage)
 1000 watts / 230 volts = 4.35 amperes
o Determine the size of conductor wire using Table 4-2

 For a 4.35 ampere,

 Use 2.0mm2 TW Copper wire having an ampacity of 15 amperes

 TW – Thermoplastic Waterproof
  THWN – Thermoplastic Heat and Water-resistant Nylon-coated
 THHN – Thermoplastic High Heat-resistant Nylon-coated
 AWG – American wire gauge
o Watts
o Amperes
o Wire
o Pipe
 The smallest diameter of a CONDUIT PIPE:
o That could accommodate up to 3 PIECES of #14 TW wire
(2.0mm^2) is 13 mm diameter
o Determine the size or rating of the over-current protective device using TABLE 4-
1

 Since the AMPERAGE required is 4.35 amperes

o Use 15 AMPERES over current protective device
 “Ampacity of the connected load shall not exceed 80% of the
amperage capacity of the conductor and the over-current
protective device.”
 The 2.0mm^2 TW copper wire has – 15 amperes capacity
o Hence 80% of 15amps is 12 amps which doesn’t exceed
the required amperage of 4.35 amperes
 The wire and the over-currect protective device used is SUFFICIENT
ENOUGH to carry the LOAD REQUIREMENT.
PROBLEM 2 (V=IR) I = ampere , R = ohms ; (P=IV) P = watts
Given: Circuit 2 has 9 outlets, total load = 900 watts, total amperes is 3.91 Amperes
Solution: 9 outlets x 900 watts = 8100 watts

- Size of wire is 2.0mm^2 TW

- Size of Conduit is 13mm diameter
- Size of the over-current protection is 15 amperes
SMALL APPLIANCE LOAD

o By DIRECT COUNTING – (CIRCUIT 3) has 6 two-gang outlets.

 “For each single receptacle shall be considered at NO LESS THAN 180
WATTS RATING”
 6 outlets x 2-gangs per outlet x 180 watts = 2160 watts
 2160 watts / 230 VOLTS = 9.39 Amp.
 “Use 3.5mm^2 or #12 AWG Copper wire as the minimum size for all types
of convenience outlet wiring”
 “….. except for an Appliance with LIMITED LOAD wherein a 2.00 mm^2
or #14 AWG wire is permitted”
 SMALLEST DIAMETER OF A CONDUIT PIPE that could accommodate 2
pieces of #12 TW wire (3.5mm^2) is 13 mm-diameter.
o Determine the size/rating of the over-current protective device using table4-1
 Since the amperage required is 9.39 Amperes – Use 20 amperes over-
current protective device.
 “Ampacity of the connected load shall not exceed 80% of the amperage
capacity of the conductor and the over-current protective device”
 The wire and the over-current protective device used is sufficient enough
to carry the load requirement.
o (CIRCUIT 4)
 Has 6 convenience outlets
 2160 watts
 Amp = 9.39 amperes
 Size of wire = 3.5mm^2 TW
 Size of conduit = 13mm diameter
 Size of the over-current protection is 20 amperes

RANGE LOAD
o Determine the load capacity of the range (appliance rating)
 By inspection – the range load is at 8.0kW (8000 Watts)
 8000 watts/ 230 volts = 34.78 Amperes
o Apply the demand load factor
 The ratio of the Max. Load in a given time period to the Max. Possible
Load
 The Demand Factor is either EQUAL to or LESS THAN 1
o TABLE 4-6 DEMAND LOAD FOR HOUSELOD APPLIANCES


 34.78 amperes x 80% df = 27.82 amperes
 for a 27.82 amperes – use 2 pieces 8.0mm^2 TW copper wire having an
ampacity of 40 amperes
 The SMALLEST DIAMETER OF A CONDUIT PIPE – that could
accommodate up to 2 pieces of #8 TW Wire (8.0mm^2) is 20 mm
diameter
 Since the amperage requires is 27.82 amperes, use 40 AMPERES over-
current protective device
 The 8.0mm^2 TW Copper Wire has 40 AMPERES CAPACITY, hence
80% of 40 amps is 32 amperes which doesn’t exceed the required
amperage of 27.82 amperes.
  The over-current protective device to be used has 40 amperes capacity,
hence 80% of 40 amps = 32 amps, which doesn’t exceed the required
amperage of 27.82 amperes
 The wire and the OVER-CURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICE used is
sufficient enough to carry the load requirement.
o CIRCUIT 6
 Has 1 water heater at 2.5 kW
 Total load is 2500 watts
 Total amperes is 10.86 amperes
AIR CONDITIONER LOAD

o Determine the LOAD CAPACITY of the air conditioner unit (appliance rating)
 By inspection the air conditioner is at 1.5 hp
 1.5 hp x 746 watts/hp = 1119 watts
 1119 watts / 230 volts = 4.86 amperes
 Branch circuit conductor supplying a motor shall have an ampacity not
less than 125% of the full load current.
 4.86 amperes x 125% = 6.07 amperes
 For a 6.07 amperes – use 2 pieces 3.5mm^2 TWCopper Wire having an
ampacity of 20 amperes
 The Smallest diameter of a conduit pipe that could accommodate up to 2
pieces of #12 TW wire (3.5 mm^2) is 13 mm diameter.
 “Ampacity for the branch circuit protection for a single motor shall be
increased to 250% of the full load current
 4.86 amperes x 250% = 12.15 amperes
 Since the amperage required is increased to 12.15 amperes, use 30
amperes over-current protective device.
o CIRCUIT 8 has 1 aircon unit at 1.5hp
o Total load is 1119 watts
o Total amperes is 4.86 amperes
o Increasing the load by 125%, 6.07 amperes, the size of wire is 3.5mm^2TW.
o Size of Conduit is 13mm diameter
o Increasing the load by 250%, 12.15 amps, the size for the over-current
protection is 20 amperes.
SERVICE ENTRANCE
 Determine the total current load of ALL CIRCUITS IN THE BLDG. (EXCLUDE Air-con
loads)
o Lighting Loads
 Circuit 1 – 1000 watts
 Circuit 2 – 900 watts
o Small Appliance Loads
 Circuit 3 – 2160 watts
 Circuit 4 – 2160 watts
o Range Load
 Circuit 5 – 8000 watts
o Water Heater Load
 Circuit 6 – 2500 watts
 Apply demand factor for a dwelling unit
o TOTAL CURRENT LOAD – 16720 watts


o Apply 100% DF for the first 10 kW Load
o Apply 40% for the remaining load in excess of 10000 watts
o 16720 – 10000 watts = 6720 watts
o 6720 watts x 40% = 2688 watts
 2 units at 1119 watts each = 2238 watts
 2238 watts x 100% = 2238 watts
o TOTAL REQUIRED CURRENT LOAD
 Initial 10kW Load – 10000
 Excess of 10kW Load – 2688
 Air conditioner Load – 2238
 TOTAL = 14926 watts
 CALCULATE THE TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD PLUS 25% OF THE LARGEST
MOTOR LOAD
o 14926 watts + (25% of 1119 watts) = 15205x75 watts
o 15205.75 watts / 230 volts = 66.11 amperes
 Determine the size of main feeder and the neutral line
o For a 63.37 amperes – use 2 pieces 38mm^2 TW copper wire having an
ampacity of 100 amperes.
o “If the computed load exceeds 10000 watts, the conductor and the overcurrent
protection shall be rated not less than 100 amperes.
 o “Neutral conductors shall have an ampacity of not less than 70% of the
ungrounded (live wire) conductor or 2 trade size smaller than the ungrounded
conductor/
o Less than 70% of the ampacity of the conductor ware
 At 70% of the 100 amperes minimum ampacity for main feeders – 70
amperes
 Use 2 pieces 22mm^2 TW COPPER WIRE.
 DETERMINE THE SIZE OF THE CONDuit PIPE using TABLE 2-9
o The smalles diameter of a conduit pipe – could accommodate up to 2 pcs of #3
TW wire (38 mm^2) and 1 pc #5 TW wire (22mm^2)is 32 mm diameter.
 Determine the size or rating of the over-current protective device (main breaker) using
Table 4-1
o “If the computed load exceeds 10000 watts, the conductor and the overcurrent
protection shall be rated not less than 100 amperes

SCHEMATIC RISER DIAGRAM – a graphical presentation of the major electrical components

showing the spatial relations between electrical components.