Niveles de Integración

Buses y Sistemas de Control

Fuente:
https://meadobrien.com/
Definition of Fieldbus

Generally speaking, a fieldbus network refers to a control system that uses a

digital, two-way, multidrop communication link among intelligent digital
measurement and control devices.
How are they grouped?
TECPRO INGENIEROS
Benefits
EXPANDED VIEW

SCADA SCADA

CONTROLLER

I/O
SUBSYSTEM

FIELDBUS

TRADITIONAL 4-20 mA
VIEW STOPS AT I/O SUBSYSTEM
FIELDBUS VIEW
EXTENDS INTO INSTRUMENTS
Data flow, is in both ways

DCS DCS

4-20 mA Fieldbus
TAG =LIC-012
VALUE =70.34
15,3 mA UNIT =M3
STATUS=GOOD
ALARM = Y/N

TRANSMITTER TRANSMITTER
 BUSES de CAMPO
• Historia cronológica
• Fines de los ’70 Modbus de Modicon
• 1982- Se inicia Grupo de trabajo FIP (Factory
Instrumentation Protocol)
• 1983-P-Net (Dinamarca)
• 1984-CAN (Bosch: Alemania)
• 1985- Grupo Profibus
• 1994-Fielbus Foundation
Consorcios y organizaciones
Problemas en normalización ===> especificaciones
de distintos proyectos:
• Fieldbus Foundation
• PI Organization: Profibus and Profinet
International
• ODVA: Open Device Net Vendor Association
• World FIP.......Etc.

TECPRO INGENIEROS
Determinista: se dice de una red en la que la
transmisión de mensajes está asegurada en un tiempo
dado.
 Proprietary Protocols
• Normally, devices can communicate with one another without a
problem when they are from the same manufacturer because
they'll probably support the same protocol. This means that
proprietary protocols are owned and protected by a determined
company, and devices supporting this protocol can only
communicate with other equipment supporting the same
protocol.
• Examples of proprietary protocols are: SCAN protocol, Larse,
and Granger.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Proprietary Protocols
The Pros
1. Typically has specific features and capabilities
• Proprietary protocols typically offer some specific features and
capabilities. In order to compete with open protocols, they aim to
appeal to people that need some level of personalization.
• These protocols can include custom upgrades, functionalities,
and tools.
2. All the elements of their devices are perfectly compatible
with each other
• Opting for a solution from a manufacturer of proprietary protocol
systems will give you components that have been designed to
work together.
• This means that all elements of their devices are perfectly
compatible with each other, since they are designed to use the
same language of communication. If you plan to deploy gear
that uses only this same proprietary protocol, all of your system
should integrate smoothly.
Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Proprietary Protocols
The Cons
1. Specific to a company
• When you work with a proprietary protocol, it basically means
that your equipment is running on a unique protocol - used only
by your specific vendor. It makes it difficult to add devices from
other vendors to your system later, and you'll likely be restricted
to this one supplier for support and purchase of future products.
• In other words, proprietary protocols lock costumers in and take
away their freedom of choice to expand their system with
different vendors.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Proprietary Protocols
2. Licensing fees
• Proprietary protocols are usually perceived as traps. That's
because most proprietary systems require recurring license
fees, so the costs add up.
• Recurring fees involve paying some amount of money over
some length of time. There are different kinds of recurring fees.
Some of them will require you to pay a moderate initial purchase
price and then you pay a smaller fee month by month, for as
long as you're using the system.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Open Protocols
• Open standard protocols are the kind that can be included in a
wide range of device types from any equipment vendor. What
this means is that manufacturers that choose to adopt an open
protocol want to achieve protocol interoperability when they
design their equipment's functionality and capabilities.

• Examples of open protocols are: SNMP, DNP3, and Modbus.

DNP3 Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3) is a set of communications

protocols used between components in process automation systems. Its
main use is in utilities such as electric and water companies.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Open Protocols
The Pros
1. Can be used by anyone
• Open protocols are rather universal - they can be used by
anyone rather than one entity or company.
• An open protocol is the one that the manufacturer publishes this
information for anyone to see and use. You can use this
information freely without being charged and without any
conditions.
2. You'll avoid vendor lock-in
• Remote monitoring systems that use open protocols allow for
the network manager to choose between a wider selection
of manufacturers who supply devices that talk the same
language to communicate with each other.
• Open protocol systems can be maintained by companies other
than the system provider.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Open Protocols
3. Higher flexibility
• Since a very large number of different devices support open
standard protocols, it's easier to make them work together.
• Open protocol systems offer a higher degree of networking
flexibility, with more integration options between existing and
new gear. This means that you can add new devices
(independent of vendor) into your existing network.
• You can choose between a variety of different vendors for the
monitoring solution that best fits your needs - in terms of
technical requirements and budget as well.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Open Protocols
The Cons
1. Security
• Since open protocols have their technical information disclosed
for anyone, it's much easier to hackers to study these protocols
in order to find out how to access and control your remote
monitoring network.
• Although most of them offer security features such as
authentication and cryptography, it's never a total guarantee that
a hacker won't be able to find a breech on a protocol that they
can have easy access to.

Fuente:
https://www.dpstele.com/blog/remote-monitoring-open-protocols-vs-proprietary-protocols.php
 Diferentes Buses de campo en un control
distribuido
CONTROL DESCENTRALIZADO
• Se denomina así a la conexión directa en módulos I/O, de las
señales de entradas y salidas cerca del proceso o máquinas a
controlar. Las estaciones I/O son conectadas vía el bus de
campo al sistema de control central.

CONTROL DISTRIBUIDO
• Se denomina control distribuido a la asignación de tareas a
varios controladores (ej. PLC) más pequeños instalados en
ubicaciones estratégicas en la planta. En vez de instalar un
controlador central de gran capacidad, los pequeños
controladores son interconectados vía un sistema de bus
de campo.

Fuente:
https://instrumentacionycontrol.net/sistemas-de-control-distribuido-con-fieldbus/
Source:
 Ventajas del Control Distribuido
• Reducción de costos por cableado eléctrico.
• Reducción de costos por disminución de accesorios de montaje.
• Reducción de costos de mantenimiento.
• Calibración y diagnósticos remotos.
• Interoperabilidad.
• Interfaz directa con sistemas abiertos.
• Alta velocidad en procesamiento de información,
• Comportamiento similar al de sistemas centralizados.
• Mejoras en la calidad del producto final.
• Capacidad de comunicación en todos los niveles de la planta.

Fuente:
https://instrumentacionycontrol.net/sistemas-de-control-distribuido-con-fieldbus/
 Periferia Descentralizada

Periferia E/S Descentralizada o Distribuida.

• La periferia descentralizada, también conocida como Distribuida
o E/S Remotas, consiste en implementar la señales de E/S
próximos a los sensores, instrumentos y actuadores de nuestro
Sistema de Control, reduciendo el cableado y por ello la
masificación de canalizaciones y armarios de control.
• Por lo comentado anteriormente, el PLC o PAC puede disponer
de dos configuraciones posibles:
• PLC/PAC con varios bastidores, conectados por buses de datos
o redes de control.
• PLC/PAC con Periferia E/S conectadas con éste mediante
buses de datos o redes de control.

Fuente:
https://instrumentacionycontrol.net/sistemas-de-control-distribuido-con-fieldbus/
 Periferia Descentralizada

Fuente:
https://instrumentacionycontrol.net/sistemas-de-control-distribuido-con-fieldbus/
 Periferia Descentralizada

Fuente:
https://instrumentacionycontrol.net/sistemas-de-control-distribuido-con-fieldbus/
Gracias