1

CONTENTS
UNIT 1 – ALL ABOUT YOU
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
Pages 6- 13
Lesson 1A Meeting you and your family
What is your daily routine? What is your family doing in a common day?
Simple present and present progressive
Daily Activities Family Prepositions of time Adverbs of frequency Recognition phrases
Pages 14-21
Lesson 1B Tell a fun anecdote!
Did something funny happened to you? What were you doing when that episode
occurred? Did you learn something from that anecdote?
Past simple and continuous When and while
Irregular past verbs Past expressions
Pages 22-27
Lesson 1C In fashion!
She usually wears jeans. I am wearing a black suit. She is wearing a pink skirt.
Simple present and present progressive
Clothing and accessories Adjectives for clothing
UNIT 2 – ECUADOR IS THE MOST PICTURESQUE
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
Pages ​1 – 6
Lesson 2A My city is more interesting than yours
Lima is cleaner than Piura Quito is more modern than Vinces
Comparative + than
Adjectives for cities/countries
Pages ​7 - 11
Lesson 2B It was my best day in that city?
Tokyo is the most crowded city in the world. I am the tallest person in my family
Superlative Adjectives for
city life – country life
Pages ​12 - 17
Lesson 2C Ecuador is as big as Burkina Faso!
She is as tall as her brother. He is as good a cook as his wife is!
Comparative as...as Adjectives for
places
2
UNIT 3 – A PIECE OF GOOD ADVICE
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
Pages
UNIT 4 – WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD?
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
Pages 6- 13
Lesson 3A Electronics Devices
The book, which is online, has all the information you need.
Relative Pronouns who, that, which, whose, where and when
Devices
Pages Lesson 3B
I don’t know what to do
Should people ask for advice?
Should - Advice or
Suggestion get
Pages Lesson 3C
Holidays
You should not bring so many suitcases
Should - Likely in
Hotel
the present ​
expressions
Lesson 4A The future of technology
Describing an invention that will change the world.
Will – Won’t Technology
Devices Inventions
Pages 14-21
Lesson 4B Talking about resolutions
Next year, I am going to lose weight. My New Year’s resolutions are ...
Be going to – All the forms.
Irregular past verbs Past expressions
Pages 22-27
Lesson 4C Fortune telling
Predicting the ending of stories
Will vs Be going to Clothing and
accessories Adjectives for clothing
UNIT 5 – MY FUTURE PLANS AND DREAMS LOADING
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
 Pages 6- 13
Lesson 5A Trip to New York
What is your daily routine? What is your family doing in a common day?
Present progressive for future arrangement
Itinerary Plans Trips and Holidays
Pages 14-21
Lesson 5B I have a dream
I dream that one day people will be talking with freedom In 10 years, I will be studying
abroad
Future Continuous Dreams and
ambitions At this time in 10 years.
Pages 22-27
Lesson 5c A week in my country!
Let’s plan our trip Are you going to Galapagos first?
A mix of future tenses
Traveling Plans
3

FOREWORD

The purpose of this project is to provide to learners of the English language,

especially

at college level, a booklet to study and practice the four skills: listening,
speaking,

reading, and writing in an online

environment.

Truly all learners can study this booklet by themselves. Attending the classes
online will

only mean the checkup (correction, reinforcement, or expansion) of the

exercises given

especially by the instructor or English

teacher.
 This project is aimed at the community of the Technical University of Babahoyo,

especially its Languages Center

(CENID).

UNIT
All about you ​
 1
5
DISCUSS:
Look at the pictures. What the first picture show? What are the people in the second
picture doing? Do you like outfits in picture 3? What topics do you think is the unit
about?
OBJECTIVES:
• To talk about a common day, daily routine.
• To tell actions happening in the moment.
• To difference present simple and progressive.
• To tell real stories in the past.
• To difference past simple and progressive.
• To describe clothing

LESSON 1A ​Meeting you and your family

Present simple vs Present Continuous
activities

READING

PREVIEW THE
READING

LANGUAGE
BUILDER
Vocabulary
A. Match the pictures with the phrases from the
box.

brush teeth, get dressed, wake up, get up, take a shower, have breakfast, work,
 study, go to sleep

1._________________________ 2. ________________________ 3.
______________________

4. _________________________ 5. ___________________________ 6.
_______________________

7. _________________________ 8. ___________________________ 9.
_______________________

WORK WITH THE

Adele’s life - daily activities
READING
 Tip ​Read the text twice
or more. The first time to
B. ​Read the text carefully and answer the statements, true orget the main ideas.
false. Then, read it again for
details.

By Rosa Contreras
1. Adele gets up immediately after waking up. True False

2. Adele ́ s mother cooks breakfast. True False

3. Adele ́ s family are six people including her. True False

4. Adele brushes her teeth before breakfast. True False

5. Adele ́ s father drives the car to take everyone. True False

6. Adele and her sister have 6 hours of classes. True False

7. Adele and her sister work at the cinema. True False

8. Adele has a full-time job. True False

9. Adele ́ s sister is getting married. True False

 10. According to the text, today is Friday. True False

7
GRAMMAR – ​Simple Present and Present Continuous
Routines, truth facts, scheduled
Simple Present Present Continuous Use: ​
Actions happening now
activities ​
Structure
I/you/we/they ​work ​very well
Affirmative ​
He/She/It ​works ​very well
Spelling rules:
Play - pl​a​y​s ​Stu​d​y - stud​ies
I ​am working ​very well He/She/It ​is working v​ ery well We/You/They ​are working ​very
well
Negative
​ on ́ t (do not)
I/you/we/they d
I ​work ​very well He/She/It ​doesn ́ t (does not) ​work ​very well
am not working ​very well He/She/It ​is not working ​very well We/You/They ​are not
working ​very well
Do ​I/you/we/they ​ work ​ well? ​
Yes/No Question Does ​ he/she/it ​work ​ very ​ well?
Am ​I ​working ​very well? ​Is h
​ e/she/it ​working ​very well? ​Are ​we/you/they ​working ​very
well?
Where d​ o ​you ​work​?
Informative Question ​Why ​
does ​she ​work ​everyday?
Where ​are ​you ​working​? When ​is ​she ​working​?
s-es /third person (he, she, it) ing
General: run -run​s ​General: cook-cooking ss/sh/ch/o/x -es
ki​sses-​wa​shes​-wat​ches​-g​oes​- wa​xes
Sit-sit​ting ​Begin-begin​ning
L​ie ​-L​ying ​Liv​e​-liv​ing
Time expressions
Every day, every week, always, sometimes, often, seldom, rarely, generally, never,
occasionaly, once a day, twice a day, three times a day
Now, right now, at the moment, this week, today, tonight, currently, nowadays
8
GRAMMAR – ​Prepositions of time AT – ON
– IN

C. Complete with prepositions of time ​in – on

– at.

1. Mary wore a witch costume ........ Halloween. 2. I

have English classes ........ Tuesdays. 3. My dad
comes home ........ lunchtime. 4. The children like to
go to the park ........ the morning. 5. Henry's
birthday is ......... November. 6. Lots of people go
shopping ........ Christmastime. 7. Justin Bieber was
born ........ March 1, 1994. 8. Leaves turn red, gold
and brown ........ Autumn. 9. My friends like to go
 the movies ........ Saturdays. 10.The pilgrims arrived
in America ........ 1620. 11. My sister likes to watch
TV ........ the evening. 12. Mum always reads
stories ........ bedtime. 13. I like to watch the parade
........ Independence Day. 14. Hippies protested
against the war ........ the 1960s. 15. We finished
the marathon ........ the same time.

9
GRAMMAR
PRACTICE

D​. ​Make the present simple; positive, negative or

question.

1) (​Dave / drive to work every

day)

2) (I / not / think you're

right)

3) (Alan and I / have enough

time)?

4) (Ana and Carl / write e-mails every

day)?

5) (Peter / not / read the

newspaper)

6) (where / I / come on
Mondays)?

7) (what / you / do at the

weekend)?

8) (you / not / drink much

tea)

9) (how / John / travel to

work)?

10) (The Simpsons / not / like

vegetables)

11) (Mellissa / catch a cold every

winter)

12) (you / speak

English)?

13) (my nieces / take the bus /

often)

14) (my nephew / not / walk to

school)

15) (what / you / buy in the

supermarket)?

16) (how / Mary / carry such a heavy

bag)?
 10

E. Make the present continuous; positive, negative or

question.

1) (I / study at the
moment)

2) (I / not / sleep well)

3) (you / play badminton

tonight)?

4) (My dad and I / watch

TV)

5) (Melany / not / work in

Spain)

6) (Raul / not / wait for the

bus)

7) (My aunt and I / not / go to the cinema

tonight)

8) (you / read the

newspaper)?

9) (I / not / live in
 Paris)

10) (Cecilia and Laura / study

French)

11) (My grandparents / leave

now)?

12) (my cousins / live in

London)

13) (Danny / work / in a restaurant

now)?

14) (I / not / meet my father at

four)

15) (Gabriela / not / drink tea

now)

16) (Henry / walk to school

now)

11

Mike ́ s routine F. Listen to Mike ́ s routine and complete the following text
with the words in the box.
Hi, I'm Mike and this is my daily routine. I 1..................... early every day, around 6:30 and I
2...................... to the gym for a work-out before I go to work. I 3..................... aerobic exercise for
a while and then do some weightlifting for maybe half an hour at the gym, then I'll return home,
and as I 4...................... from my home, I turn on my computer and start working on what needs to
be done. I usually skip breakfast and I'll work until about 12:00 then I'll prepare lunch and have a
fairly big lunch because I 5...................... breakfast. Then after lunch, I'll go back, continue working
on Internet or whatever I have to do for work, until about 6:00 when I usually start getting phone
calls from friends of mine who live abroad and then in the evenings if 6........................... my time
doing things with the Internet or surfing the web, then 7........................... to people on the Internet
or on my phone and that pretty much sums up my usual daily routine.

G. Write your daily routine using present simple, adverbs of frequency and
prepositions of time in – on – at.

H. Talk through an online session

about:
o ​What are you doing tonight? ​o ​What is
your family doing in this moment? ​o ​What
are your friends doing this week?
usually do go get up I ́ m not using work I ́ m speaking don ́ t eat

Self-reflection questions:
• When an action is repeated at the present what tense do you
use?
• When the action is done in the moment or near future what tense do you
use?
• Do you think you can difference between present simple and present
continuous?
LISTENING

WRITING

SPEAKING
 12

LESSON 1B ​Tell a fun anecdote!

Past simple vs Past Continuous
READING
No easy path to success ​PREVIEW THE READING ​LANGUAGE
BUILDER
A. ​Label the pictures with the phrases from the box.
B. ​Match to make sentences
1. Today my son feels good, 2. That man climbed 3. Hard-work and effort is 4.
The doctors of this area were trying to help 5. My son asked me how to become
6. Leonardo DiCaprio got the 7. Because of an accident, 8. Cameron dropped
out
a. Robert cracked a rib. b. he was ill yesterday c. the path to success. d. of
college to be an artist. e. a great businessman. f. drug-addicted guys that live in
the
street. g. upward for over two hours. h. lead role in Titanic.
13

WORK WITH THE

READING

C. ​Read and answer the following question. According to the orange words,
what tenses
can you recognize in this
 text?

D. ​Complete the following chart according to the verbs in blue

color.
 14

E. ​According to the reading, circle T for true or F for

false.

1. Matt Damon was famous in the early 1990s. T F 2. He had to gain 40 pounds
for his role as a drug-addicted soldier. T F 3. He got sick while making diet. T F
4. He broke a bone while filming. T F 5. He lost 30 pounds to play a
businessman in ​The Informant​. T F 6. Matt lived in the United States. T F 7. He
left Harvard after getting a part in a film. T F 8. He won an Oscar for ​Good Will
Hunting. T ​ F 9. He had an excellent performance in ​Ocean’s 11.​ T F 10. Since
his role in ​The Bourne Identity,​ his career went down. T F

Irregular past tense

verbs

F. ​Write the past or infinitive form of the verbs. Memorize these

verbs.
Infinitive form Past simple form
1 be was / were 2 began 3 blow 4 broke 5
bring 6 built 7 buy 8 caught 9 choose 10
came 11 cut 12 did 13 draw 14 drank 15
drive 16 ate 17 fall 18 felt 19 fight 20 found
21 fly 22 forgot 23 get 24 had 25 hide 26
kept 27 know
28 left 29 lend 30 lost 31 make 32 met 33
pay 34 rode 35 run 36 said 37 see 38
sent 39 steal 40 sang 41 sit 42 slept 43
speak 44 spent 45 swim 46 took 47
teach 48 told 49 think 50 throw 51
understood 52 wake 53 wore 54 win 55
wrote
 15
GRAMMAR – ​Simple Past and Past Continuous
Finished actions in
Simple Past Past Continuous Use: ​
the past
Actions in progress in the past
Affirmative
Structure
Spelling rules:
pl​ay ​- play​ed ​stu​dy ​- stud​ied
I / He/She/It ​was working ​very well We/You/They ​were working ​very well
Negative
I/you/we/they / he / she / it ​worked ​very well
I / He/She/It ​was not working ​very well We/You/They ​were not working ​very well
Yes/No Question
I/you/we/they / he / she / it ​didn ́ t (did not) ​work ​very well
Was ​I / he/she/it ​working ​very well? ​Were ​we/you/they ​working ​very well?
Informative Question
Did ​I/you/we/they / he / she / it ​work ​well?
Where ​did y​ ou ​work​? Why ​did ​she ​work ​late?
Where ​were ​you ​working​? When ​was ​she ​working​? ​ed-regular verbs ing
General: walk -
walked General: cook-cooking lik​e ​- like​d ​mov​e ​- move​d
L​ie ​-L​ying ​Liv​e​-liv​ing
Time expressions
Sit-sit​ting ​rip - rip​ped
Begin-begin​ning ​prefer - prefer​red
yesterday, last week, ago, then, when (most of the time not always), just now, in 1999
at that time, at that moment, while, when, as, meanwhile, yesterday at 6 p.m., last
Monday at 3 a.m.
16
GRAMMAR PRACTICE
G​. Make the past simple; positive, negative or question.
1) I (not/drink) any beer last night.
2) What time (my son/get up) yesterday?
3) I (not/change) trains at Victoria.
4) My friends and I (wake up) very late.
5) What (David/give) his mother for Christmas?
 6) I (receive) $1000 when my uncle died.
7) The children (not/use) the computer last night.
8) (Sarah/make) good coffee?
H. Make the past continuous; positive, negative or question.
1) Luis and Pablo (eat) chocolate at three o'clock.
2) John (play) tennis at three o'clock
3) Marissa (watch) TV at three o'clock.
4) My neighbor (use) the internet at three o'clock?
5) You (cook) lunch at three o'clock.
6) Erika and I (travel) to London at three o'clock.
7) The Browns (not/walk) in the garden when the murder happened.
8) Mr. Black (not/work) in his study when the murder happened.
17
GRAMMAR – ​Three different scenarios about Past simple and Past
continuous

Scenario 1. An action in progress interrupted by another action

in past simple.

Scenario 2. Several actions in past simple, happening one after

another.
I ate breakfast and then went to
 school

Scenario 3. Several actions in past continuous, happening at the

same time. ​I was doing homework while my mother was cooking

18
Future

Past

Now

GRAMMAR PRACTICE. ​I. ​Fill in the with the past simple or the past
continuous to complete the story.

The Cabin in the

Forest
One day, not long age, an old man .................... (walk) in the forest. Just as it
................... (get

dark), he found himself in an unfamiliar part of the forest. He .................... (walk) for
hours, but

he couldn ́t find his way

home.

Eventually, he ................... (arrive) at a small old cabin. He ................... (feel) very

tired, so he

................... (decide) to stay there for the

night.

When he ................... (get) closer to the cabin, he ................... (see) that the door
was opened.

Putting his head inside, he could see that the little cabin ................... (be) completely
empty,

but there was a bed that ................... (look) comfortable, and a fire ................... (burn)
in the

fire place. The hunter ................... (fall) onto the bed and decided to sleep there for
the night.

When he ................... (lie) on the bed, half-asleep, he ................... (look) around and
was

surprised to see that the walls were covered with paintings. They seemed to be family
portraits, all framed and painted in incredible detail. They seemed very realistic, and
were all

extremely ugly. They ................... (make) him feel extremely uncomfortable – it seem
that

they ................... (stare) straight at him. So he turned on his side so that he

................... (face)

the wall, ................... (pull) the blanket over his head and ................... (go)
to sleep.

When the hunter ................... (wake up) in the morning, the forest birds ...................
(sing) and

the morning light ................... (come) in through the windows. Then, as he

...................(look)

at the cabin in the bright light, he ................... (discover) something strange: there
...................

(be)no family portraits on the walls of the cabin ... only

windows.

19

J. Watch and listen to the video about Eva ́ s story of survival. Circle the correct
answer.

1. Eva got onto the Titanic with her grandparents. True False

2. The Titanic was very luxurious. True False

3. Eva's father didn't make any effort to get into a lifeboat. True False

4. There were enough lifeboats. True False

5. It was a cold night but the sea was peaceful. True False

6. The Titanic got broken into three pieces. True False

 7. There was a lot of noise while people were drowning. True False

8. Eva separated from her mother until the next day. True False

9. The crew of the ship was rude while rescuing. True False

10. Eva still has nightmares about the Titanic. True False

https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/lower-intermediate/unit-7/session-2/activity-1

K. ​Write a fun real anecdote using past simple and past continuous, try to
use time expressions to clarify your story.

L. ​Let’s interact in our online

blackboard!
o ​Post your writing in Padlet or Moodle forum. ​o ​Comment on your
classmates’ stories and make questions ​o ​Remember to use past
simple and past continuous as much as you can. ​o ​Interact with at
least 5 classmates

Self-reflection questions:
• Do you know to tell a story in the past?
• Do you think you can difference between past simple and past continuous?

ONLINE INTERACTION
LISTENING
WRITING
 20

LESSON 1C ​In fashion!

Adjectives for describing clothing style

VOCABULARY
Clothing

ach
21 Y flip flops
​ ou
Verbs ​Wear – carry Y
wear clothes but you
 Clothes ​A tights B blouse C pajamas D sweater E swimsuit F pants G t-shirt H dress
I coat J shorts
K suit L skirt
M jeans

Accessories ​N bracelet

O earrings

P glasses

Q handbag

R sunglasses

S belt

T hat

U cap

Types of shoes
V boots

W trainers

X sandals

Z high heels
B. Read the text carefully and complete the chart with the words in bold.
Check the table in detail for learning more clothing adjectives vocabulary.
By Rosa Contreras
Shape /
Opinion Size ​
Age Color/ ​
temperature ​ pattern
Material Purpose ​
Origin / style / fit ​ old-fashioned short warm new patterned tight denim sports
full-lenght long old pink hooded fur extra large round white long sleeved lace
large heavy red sleeveless linen big narrow brown V-neck lycra tiny American silk
straight suede
 READING
22
GRAMMAR

General rule: Adjectives go before the noun we are

describing.

This chart shows clearly the types of adjectives and the order they should be used: These
types of verbs follow this order:

1. Opinion 2. Size /
length 3. Shape 4. Age
5. Color / pattern 6.
Origin / style / fit 7.
Material 8. Purpose

Some examples with clothes:

 • Ana is wearing an ugly long white wool scarf.
• Pablo is wearing a wonderful new black leather jacket.
• Peter is wearing a lovely striped long sleeve cotton shirt.

23
GRAMMAR PRACTICE
1. He was wearing a ________ shirt.
11. Andrea had a ________ in her hair dirty old flannel
yesterday. flannel old dirty
nice yellow bow old dirty flannel
yellow nice bow bow nice yellow 2. Pass me the ________ cups. plastic big blue
12. She lost a ________ . big blue plastic
small white cat big plastic blue
cat small white white small cat 3. All the girls fell in love with the ________ teacher.
13. I bought ________ oranges. handsome new American
great some big American new handsome
big great some new handsome American
some great big
4. I used to drive ________ car.
14. We met ________ people at the a blue old German
conference. an old German blue
very smart two an old blue German
two very smart very two smart 5. He recently married a ________ woman. young
beautiful Greek
15. The clown was wearing a ________ hat. beautiful young Greek
big green-yellow beautiful Greek young
big green and yellow yellow and green big 6. This is a ________ movie. new Italian
wonderful
16. The cookies that you ________ . wonderful Italian new
smell delicious baked wonderful new Italian
baked smell delicious delicious smell baked 7. She is a ________ supermodel. beautiful
slim Brazilian
17. Is it ________ ? Brazilian beautiful slim
 cold getting outside slim Brazilian beautiful
getting cold outside getting outside cold 8. It's in the ________ container. large blue
metal
18. The course you are ________ . blue large metal
taking sounds interesting blue metal large
sounds interesting taking interesting sounds taking 9. He sat behind a ________ desk.
big wooden brown
19. My uncle wore a ________ to the big brown wooden
wedding. wooden big brown
silk blue tie tie blue silk 10. She gave him a ________ vase.
blue silk tie small Egyptian black black Egyptian small
20. Have you met that _____ next door? small black Egyptian
cute boy new cute new boy new boy cute
24
D. Choose the right
option.

1) A ________
coat.
a. long brown leather b. brown leather long c. brown long
leather 2) A pair of ________ trousers.
a. blue denim expensive b. denim blue expensive c. expensive blue
denim 3) A ________ jumper.
a. woolen green baggy b. baggy green woolen c. green baggy
woolen 4) A ________ scarf.
a. white silk lovely b. lovely white silk c. silk lovely white 5) A
________ shirt.
a. horrible black nylon b. black horrible nylon c. black nylon
horrible 6) A ________ skirt
a. loose cotton pink b. pink loose cotton c. loose pink cotton 7)
A ________ jacket.
a. trendy brown suede b. brown suede trendy c. suede brown trendy

E. Complete the sentences below by putting the words in the correct order.
Remember to use commas where necessary.
1) I saw a (jacket/brown/suede/lovely) in town
today.

2) The children have bought their Mum a

(skirt/white/nice/cotton)

3) Jackie was telling me about a (dress/fantastic/yellow/linen) she wants

to buy.

4) Our teacher was wearing a (jumper/awful/red/woolen) in class

today.

F. Reorder the words to make

sentences.
1) very isn't This big house.
a

2) They're cheap bags.

3) good-looking very man. Pete's

a

4) glasses? my Where new

are

5) dictionary. It's French a

6) very mobiles Their expensive.

Are

7) dog's old. Our very

8) orange It's an umbrella.

 25

G. Listen to the “Shopping for clothes” audio and circle the correct
answer.

1. What does the customer want to

buy?
a. T-shirt b. shirt c. sweater 2. What size does
the customer want?
a. Small b. medium c. large 3. The customer has many
color options according to her size:
a. Black and red b. purple c. white, black, red and purple 4. The
customer tries on:
a. Black T-shirt b. red T-shirt c. purple T-shirt 5. What
T-shirt does the customer decide to buy?
a. Black T-shirt b. red T-shirt c. purple T-shirt 6. How
much does it cost?
a. 10.95 b. 10.85 c. 20 7. How does the
customer pay?
a. Credit card b. debit card c. cash

H. Reporting a fashion show in a video. Follow these steps: ​1. Choose three
models (women or men), people who you live with. 2. Each model should show one
outfit. There will be three different and very variable outfits
in total. 3. While they are modelling you will describe their outfits using
present continuous tense,
clothing vocabulary and adjectives: Ex. Mary is wearing a beautiful long red
silk skirt ... 4. Upload the video.
The video should have three minutes without empty spaces of
speaking. Recommendations:
o ​Prepare the outfits and write your report based on
them. ​o ​Practice before filming the final video.

Self-reflection
questions:
• Do you know the correct order of the different types of adjectives
for clothing?
• Can you describe different clothing
styles?
LISTENING

SPEAKING
26

UNIT
2
Ecuador is the

most ​picturesque
 • To make a composition describing,
making comparative and superlative
sentences about different cities or
27 countries.
DISCUSS:
• Look at the photos. How much do
you know about your city?

• Which is the city in the first picture?

• Which are the other cities?

• Can you make comparisons about

your city and the capital of your
country?

OBJECTIVES:

• To make comparisons between

people, places or things

• To write an analysis of the pros and

cons of Living in a city and a
 countryside.

• To establish a comparison where all

the parts are equal.

LESSON 2A ​my city is more exciting than

yours! ​Adjectives for describing places
Vocabulary
Describing a city
A. Match the adjectives with the definitions.
1. – Very full of people
A. – Ancient ​2. – Charming or interesting in a unique or unusual way
B. – Contemporary ​3. – A place that has a long history.
C. – Cosmopolitan ​4. – Very big.
D. – Crowded ​5. – Fun, thrilling, with lots of enjoyable things to do.
E. – Exciting ​6. – Somewhere with a rich and varied mix of cultures.
F. – Famous ​7. – Very well known, celebrated, notable.
G. – Huge ​8. – Dirty, contaminated.
H. – Picturesque ​9. – Liked by a lot of people.
I. – Popular ​10. – Modern, very up to date.
J. - Polluted
B. Write an antonym of some adjectives in exercise A.
a) Ancient ________________________
b) Cosmopolitan ________________________
c) Exciting ________________________
d) Huge ________________________
e) Popular ________________________
28
Reading

C. ​Read the text Advantages of living in a big city. Choose the correct
answer
29
Follow the link
https://www.canva.com/design/DAD8Taqs-vE/U_Trmuo7cSWN4XvFMXDiyA/view?utm_content=DAD8Taqs-
vE&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=sharebutton ​1) Why do many people
like living in big cities?
A) It is more expensive. B) It is more modern. C) It is more crowded. D) It offers more
entertainment. ​2) What is the advantage of a good public transportation
system?
A) People do not need to buy bus tickets. B) People do not need to drive their car
everywhere. C) People can use public transport for free. D) People have to pay for
parking charges. ​3) Why is it easier to get medical treatment in big cities?
A) Because is more affordable. B) Because hospital facilities are more complete. C)
Because ambulances are provided for free. D) Because medical centers open 24 hours.
4) What can people in big cities do in the early hours but people in rural
areas cannot?
A) Eat out. B) Sleep C) Go jogging D) Travel ​5) What is the benefit of attending
social events?
A) You can treat your friends. B) You can be a social person. C) You can learn about
cultural diversity. D) You can be more open about yourself.
GRAMMAR – ​Comparatives (revision)
We use a comparative adjective + than to compare two people, animals or things.
→ We form the comparative by adding – er - to short adjectives and

– more- to long adjectives. Rules: ​Examples: Boston is more modern than Bogota. Lima
​
is cleaner than Piura. This coffee shop is noisier than the old one.
Irregular adjectives Good- better Bad – worse Far – farther/further
All one syllable and most two syllable adjectives take – er- e.g.:
Smaller
Lower
One syllable adjective ending in – e- take –r- e.g.:
Larger
Nicer
One-syllable adj. ending in one vowel + one consonant, double the consonant before
the – er. e.g.:
bigger
hotter
One and two- syllable Adj. ending in a consonant + y, drop the – y- and take – ier- e.g.:
Happier
 Easier
Adj. with two or more syllable, take –more+ adj. e.g.:
More famous
More expensive
Some two- syllable adjectives are used with either - er or more. e.g.:
quieter – more quiet
bitterer – more bitter
30
Grammar practice

D. – Underline the correct form of the

adjectives

1. Spain is hoter / hotter than

Russia.

2. The Italian restaurant is more expensive / expensiver than the Indian

restaurant.

3. This film is more long / longer than the one we watched last
night.

4. It’s cloudier / cloudyer today than

yesterday.

5. The weather today is worse / badder than it was

yesterday.

E. Choose the correct

answer.
1. My brother is ______ than
me.

A. taler B. more tall C. taller

 2. The Amazon is _____ the
Nile.

A. longer than B. long than C. more long

3. Today the weather is _____ than

yesterday.

A. dryer B. more dry C. drier

4. Tom’s new car is ______ than his old

car.

A. expensive B. expensiver C. more expensive

5. The people here are _____ than in a big

city.

A. friendlier B. friendlyer C. more friendlier

F. Complete the sentences. Use the appropriate

comparative form. ​1. New cars are ____________________ (quiet)
than old cars.

2. Do you think money is _________________________

(important) than

good health?

3. This coat is ____________________ (nice) than that

one.

31
4. My old laptop was a lot ____________________ (big)than my
new one.

5. Gas is so expensive! I want a ____________________

(efficient) car.

6. Many people think modern life is ____________________ (good) than life in

the past.

7. Communication is a lot ____________________ (easy) than it was 50

years ago.

8. The pollution in my city is ____________________ (bad) than it

used to be.

9. I prefer ____________________ (hot) temperatures. That’s why I love

summer.

10. My new school is a little ____________________ (far) than my

old one.

G. – Use the information in the boxes to make 10 comparative sentences with the
adjectives learnt.
Universities: ​2
BABAHOYO QUITO

Population: ​140.534 Population: ​1’619.388

Foundation: ​May 27, 1869 Foundation: ​Dec 06, 1534

Area: ​174, 58 Km​2 Area: ​372,4 Km​2

Temperature: ​24​o​C Temperature: ​10​o

Urban Parrish: ​4 Parrish: ​32

Sights: ​8 Sights: ​36

Universities: ​21

a.
____________________________________________________________
____

b.
_____________________________________________________________
____

c.
_____________________________________________________________
____

d.
_____________________________________________________________
____

e.
_____________________________________________________________
____

f.
_____________________________________________________________
____

32

g.
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________

h.
__________________________________________________________________
 ___________________________

i.
_______________________________________________
_________________

j.
_______________________________________________
_________________

arative
Listening

H. Listen and complete the

blanks

1. This is _______________ _______________ that

one.

2. Their house is _______________ _______________

_______________ ours.

3. He's _______________ _______________ you

are.

4. A Mercedes is _______________ _______________ _______________

a Honda.

5. Our teacher is _______________ _______________

yours.

6. The weather today is _______________ _______________ what it was

yesterday.

7. The house looks _______________ _______________ after the housekeepers did

their work.

8. We're looking for a _______________ _______________

neighborhood.
 9. Compared to our last experience, this was _______________
_______________.

10. It's a lot _______________ today _______________ it was

yesterday.

SPEAKING AND
WRITING

I. Analyze the following questions.

▪ ​What are some of the popular tourist attractions in your
city?
▪ ​Where are they?
▪ ​Why are they so popular?
▪ ​Do people need to pay for it?
▪ ​Do people visit those places a lot?
I. ​Write a paragraph about your city/town. Use the comparative forms and the
questions above. ​II. ​Talk about your composition, you can use different
materials to support you.

Self-reflection:

1. ​Can I describe my city using comparatives? ​2. ​Do I

really know how to compare? ​3. ​Can I difference the
comparatives adjectives rules?

33

LESSON 2B ​It was my best day in that city!

Superlative form – city vs country life

Vocabulary
A. For you, what adjectives describe city life, and which
country life.
 34
→ We use the superlative form when we compare one person, animal or
thing with a group of the same kind. → We form the comparative by adding –​the- est- ​to
short adjectives and
– the - most- ​to long adjectives. Rules: ​All one syllable and most two syllable adjectives
take the -est e.g.:
the smallest
the lowest
One syllable adjectives ending in – e- take the -est e.g.:
the largest
the nicest
One-syllable adj. ending in one vowel + one consonant, double the consonant before
the – est. and add the e.g.: the biggest
the hottest
One and two- syllable Adj. ending in a consonant + y, drop the – y- and take – the -iest
e.g.:
the happiest
the easiest
Adj. with two or more syllable, take –the most+ adj. e.g.:
the most famous
the most ​crowded
Grammar practice
GRAMMAR – ​Superlatives (revision)
Some two- syllable adjectives are used with either the -est or the most. e.g.:
the quietest – the most quiet
the bitterest – the most bitter
Examples: Tokyo is the most crowded city in the world.
I am the tallest person in my family. The Chimborazo volcano is the highest mountain.
B. - Add some more adjectives to the box with a superlative form. See the
grammar box.
– the – est- The -st- Double cons
the –est-
Cons+” y”– the - iest-
the - most+ adj.
The cleanest The closest The biggest The happiest The most famous
35
Irregular adjectives Good- the best Bad – the worst Far – the farthest/
the furthest

C. – ​Complete the exercises with a superlative

 adjective​.

1. _____________________(big) piles of trash on Mount Everest are on the

lower areas.

2. Trash is one of __________________ (bad) problem on Mount

Everest now.

3. Many climbers consider K2, a mountain between Pakistan and

China, to

be___________________________________ (difficult) mountain to climb, not Mount

Everest.

4. Ted was_________________________________ (experienced) climber on the

expedition.

5. Which climber is ________________________ (far) from the

top?

6. That was_________________________ (easy) mountain I’ve ever

climbed.

7. Danny climbs____________________________________(quickly) of
all of us.

8. Mount Everest is_______________________________ (high) mountain

on Earth.

9. That company has _____________________________ (good)

guides.

10. Climbing Mount Everest in a snowstorm is one of_______________________

(stupid) thing

you can do. It’s extremely

dangerous!

D- ​Complete the text with the correct form of the

adjectives.
 CAMDEN MARKET
The biggest and most popular market in London takes place every day in Camden,
but it is busiest and best at the weekend. Camden is famous all over the world for its
fashion, artists, clubs, and music, but it is 1
___________________________________ (famous) for its market. It is the 2
___________________________________ (large) street market in the UK. More
than 400,000 people come every weekend to look, shop, eat, and meet friends.
There is music everywhere. The street food is delicious, and it is the
3___________________________________ (cheap) in north London. In every part
of the market you find something interesting. It has the
4___________________________________ (amazing) clothes, beautiful jewelry,
music, and tattoo shops. The Electric Ballroom is the
5___________________________________ (old) nightclub in Camden. You can
hear the 6___________________________________ (late) rock bands before they
become famous. There are hundreds of clubs, but Proud is one of the
7___________________________________ (cool). Camden Market rocks!

36
– ​Mount Everest! ​E. Read an article about a problem on Mount Everest,
and
answer the questions.
Mount Everest: The Highest Garbage Dump in the World
Most people know that Mount Everest is ​the highest ​mountain in the world.
However, there is another fact that many people don’t know: it has become one
of ​the dirtiest ​mountains in the world. Mount Everest is one of ​the toughest a ​ nd
most exciting ​mountains to climb on Earth. It is not ​the coldest ​or ​the windiest
place on Earth, but it comes close! These challenges make it one of ​the most
attractive ​mountains for serious climbers. Since 1952, over 3500 climbers have
reached the top. Unfortunately, most of them have left equipment and trash on
the mountain.
In fact, trash is now one of ​the biggest ​threats to the environment on Mount
Everest. Local organizations have brought tons of trash down from the mountain.
One of ​the most interesting ​projects handed over more than a ton of tin cans,
glass bottles, and old climbing tools to artists in Nepal. The artists used the trash
to create works of art. Then, they sold the art to raise money for local charities.1
The ​least expensive ​work of art cost $17, and the ​most expensive ​one cost
$2400.
1. ​Why the Mount Everest have become one of the dirtiest mountains in the
world?
________________________________________________________________
________ 2. Is the Mount Everest the coldest and the windiest place in the
world?
________________________________________________________________
________
3. Can anybody climb the Everest?
________________________________________________________________
________ 4. What is the problem on Mount Everest?
________________________________________________________________
________
Reading
37
5. What is the most interesting project?
________________________________________________________________
________
Favorite country ​F. ​Listen to the audio and underline the correct answer
(AUDIO: 2B my favorite country). ​My
favorite country.
1. ​Penny has worked in one country.
a. True b. false 2. Food is not very important to Penny.
a. True b. false 3. She likes the weather in Japan and Mexico.
a. True b. false 4. She doesn't think that there are many types of food in Britain.
a. True b. false 5. She ate lots of sushi in Japan. a. True b. false 6. She didn't
learn any Japanese. a. True b. false 7. Mexico is her favorite country because of
the food.
a. True b. false
– Google meet ​Session time ​G​. Complete each question with the
 superlative form. Then practice asking and answering
questions.
Listening
Speaking
1. ​Who is ____________________person in your family? 2. Who is
____________________ person in the world? 3. What is
_________________________thing to do in a quarantine? 4. What
is______________________________ to watch? 5. What is
___________________ place to have lunch? 6. What is
________________________city in your country?
38

Writing and Speaking

City life vs Country life
39 ​

• What do you prefer country life or city life&? Write the advantages and
disvantages of both of them and then support the one that you prefer. Don’t
forget to use Comparative and Superlative sentences. Also, you should use
the words from the vocabulary section.
• Make a presentation using slides of the information you have and record a
video using ​Loom​. Then, upload the link to the Moodle. The presentation
should last 3-4 minutes.
Self-reflection:
1. ​Can I describe a place? ​2. ​Do I really know how to form superlative sentences? ​3.
Can I compare and contrast lifestyles using comparative and superlative adjectives?
Argentina vs Brazil ​A. Watch the following video. Go to the
Forum in Moodle and answer the following questions.
B.
Link.: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_05hS7cRDE
B. What did you learn? Could you tell three similar and different
things in both countries?
Similar Different
__________________________ __________________________
__________________________ __________________________
 __________________________ __________________________
C. Answer this Questions
1. What is the most Famous food in Argentina?
________________________________
2. How is the people in Brazil?
________________________________

LESSON 2C ​Ecuador is as big as Burkina

Faso!
Equality comparatives (as ...as)

Listening
• What do you Know about Argentina and Brazil?
• Can you describe them?
40

3. Are Argentines and Brazilians proud of their countries? ____________________

– ​Describing a city

D. ​Write the adjective which best describe the pictures in

the box.
 E. ​Complete the sentences with a word from exercise
A.
Vocabulary

modern - crowded - clean - old fashioned - quiet -

noisy
 41

PREVIEW THE
READING
 F. Match the words with the given
images.

WONDERS OF THE WORLD WALLS REBUILD MYTHS

MAN-MADE MOON NAKED EYE ACCURATE EARTH

.................................... ....................................... ..................................... .

....................................... .............................................. .............................................

....................................... ............................................... .............................................

Reading

LANGUAGE BUILDER
42
 Tip ​Look at the picture, title and ​WORK WITH THE READING ​SKIMMING
ACTIVITY
first sentence to have a general idea of the text.
G. Look at the picture and read quickly. What is the main idea?
• A comparison between China vs Russia
• The country China
• One of the wonders of the world
An adaptation of
https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/reading_wall_of_china.php
SCANNING ACTIVITY
H. Read the text again. Mark the following sentences True or
False.
1. China is as populated as Russia is.
43
a. True b. False 2. The size of China is the same as Russia’s. a. True b.
False 3. The Great Wall of China was first built as a single wall. a. True b.
False 4. The wall can be seen from moon with the naked eye. a.True. b.
False
I. Now, choose the right option.
1. The Great Wall of China.
a. was built in a single dynasty. b. was refurbished during its history.
2. The Great Wall was first designed a. to protect the Empire from invasion.
b. to help trade between different provinces. ​GRAMMAR – ​As ... as
(revision)
USE ​→ We use ​as...as ​to compare two people, animals or things that are

of similar
proportion. → In this case the first as acts as an adverb modifying the
adjective or adverb that goes after it. The second as can act as a
preposition or conjunction. If it is used as a preposition, it will be followed
by a noun or pronoun. If it is used as a conjunction, it will be followed by a
clause. → When we use the comparative as...as the adjectives do not
 change. → In negative form the comparative as...as express a difference.
→ STRUCTURE SUBJECT + BE + AS + ADJECTIVE + AS + OBJECT
She is as ​tall ​as her brother. She is not as tall as her brother. ​BE + ​Is
Examples:
SUBJECT + AS + ADJECTIVE + AS + OBJECT ​She as tall as her brother?
In negative we can use not as...as or not so...as. E.g.: ​He is as good a cook as his
wife is!
I am not as smart as Andrew. ​She is not as successful as her brother.
I am not so smart as Andrew.
44
In negative we can use not as...as or not so...as. E.g.: I am not as smart as Andrew. I
am not so smart as Andrew.

J. Complete with as...as and the adjective in the

bracket.

1. The blue car is _____________ the red car.

(fast) 2. Peter is _____________ Fred. (not/tall)
3. The violin is _____________ the cello.
(not/low) 4. This copy is _____________ the
other one. (bad) 5. Oliver is _____________
Peter. (optimistic)
K. Complete the sentences using as...as or not
as...as.

e.g.: Italy has excellent wines. France has excellent wines.

(excellent)

Italy wines are as excellent as France

wines.

1. Bob is 183 cm, Mary is 183. (tall).

___________________________________________________________________
________ 2. Paul is not very handsome. William is very handsome. (handsome)
___________________________________________________________________
________

3. The maple tree is 21 meters high. The ficus tree is 15 meters high. (high)
____________________________________________________________________
_______ 4. The cobra snake is eight meters long. The viper snake is eight meters
long. (long)
____________________________________________________________________
_______

​ r ​not as...as a
L. Make 5 sentences with ​as...as o ​ ccording to the
information given.

Loja Milagro

Big (more than 200km​2​)

Clean

Crowded

Safe

Quiet
Grammar practice
WRITING
__________________________________________________________________
_________

__________________________________________________________________
_________

__________________________________________________________________
_________

__________________________________________________________________
_________

__________________________________________________________________
_________

M. ​Write a composition about two cities or countries. Use

comparative forms (adj. + than, and as...as) and superlatives form.
You can describe all you know about these cities, establish
similarities and differences. Your composition has to have at least
120 words.
SPEAKING

N. ​Make a video talking about your composition, you can use pictures,
slides,

cards, or the resources than you can to illustrate what you are
describing. The

video has to have between 90 to 120

seconds.

Self-reflection: ​1. Can I make descriptions of cities? 2. Can I

establish similarities and differences between two places? 3. Do I
have a good vocabulary of adjectives about places?

46
 UNIT

A PIECE OF

GOOD ​ADVICE
47
DISCUSS: Look at the photos.
What is the people doing in the
first picture? What kind of
electronic devices do you use?
What is happening in the third
picture? OBJECTIVES:

• To describe essential
information about the person or
thing mentioned using relative
pronouns.
• To give advice or suggestion
using should
• To express expectation in the
 present using should.

LESSON 3A ​ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Relative pronouns who, that, which, whose, where, when,
innovation

LANGUAGE BUILDER
cs READING

PREVIEW THE
READING

VOCABULARY
A. Look at pictures and words in the box. Choose the correct word
for each
picture and write the
letter.
B. Match the vocabulary words with the correct definition. See the box
in Exercise A.
A. tablet

B. computer

C. laptop

D. text message

E. mobile

F. games
 G. mouse

H. Wi-Fi

I. keyboard

J. webpage

K. e-mail

L. headphones

48

1....... An electronic machine. You use it for going on the internet, storing
information and playing games. 2....... An electronic letter 3....... You can play this
on the computer for fun. 4....... You use this to write on a computer. It has letters or
characters on. 5....... A computer that you can travel with. 6....... Your personal
telephone. 7....... You use this to move and click on a computer. 8....... Internet
connection without wires or cables. 9....... Google, YouTube and Wikipedia are
types of ...

WORK WITH THE

READING ​SKIMMING
C. Read and answer the following
A​. ​Do you know what is an apple
questions. watch? B. What do you prefer laptops
r tablets? C. How often do you use text
message? false?

49
Underline the most important
information in a reading text. Then,
study the parts you underlined.
This helps you remember the
information in the text.

D. ​Read again. Are these sentences true or

Followthe link
https://www.canva.com/design/DAD8XlivbO4/0Yer0itvRIIGQPDtLY7xHA/view?utm_content=DAD8XlivbO4&u
tm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=sharebutton

1. The cost of the new Apple device is $250 T/F

2. Tablets offer touchscreen input T/F

3. Most tablets weigh more than the average laptop T/F

4. Text message include ideograms T/F

5. Governmental organizations use text messaging T/F

GRAMMAR – ​relative pronouns; who, that, which, whose, where and

when
 → A relative pronoun is used to connect a clause or phrase to a noun or
pronoun.
The clause modifies, or describes, the noun. → The relative pronouns
are who, that, which, whose, where and when → Relative pronouns are
placed directly after the noun or pronoun they modify.

→ For Example:
▪ The driver who use the mobile phone while driving is
careless.
▪ The book, which is online, has all the information you
need.
▪ This is the iPad that everyone is talking
about

→ One of the most common mistakes in writing is to use the wrong relative
pronoun, particularly when it comes to mixing up "who" and "that". "Who" is
always used to set up a relative clause that describes a person, while "that"
is used to describe an object or another non-human being. → For example:
▪ I like the girl who plays
videogames.
▪ ​This is agenda that you can connect to your
phone.

GRAMMAR
PRACTICE
D. Complete each sentence using the correct relative
pronoun.

50

Example: ​The webpage which I read last week is very

interesting.

Yesterday I met the girl ___________ sister has the new apple
watch.

1. Last night I met someone________ works for GM as a computer

programmer.

3. The woman ____________ works at my office is very

efficient

4. I knew the guy ______________ headphones you

bought

5. That was just the moment ___________ we

arrived

6. The hotel _______________ we stayed had

Wi-Fi.

7. I bought that scarf the summer _______________ I went cycling

in Italy.

8. When was the moment _______________ you realized you were in love
with her?

9. I’d like to talk to the person _______________ it was to call the

president.

10. The website had a lot of information _______________ was really

useful.
E. Circle the correct words. Note Ø means no relative
pronouns

1. Millennials believe America is a place where / when anyone can be

successful.

2. Millennials were born at a time in which / where technology was part of

everyday life.

3. Millennials came into the workplace during a period when / that the economy
was bad.

4. Millennials expect a work environment Ø / where people collaborate and work

together.

F. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative

pronoun.

1. This is the town ...................... I spent my

childhood.

where that which

2. This is the house .................... I was

born in.

where that whose

3. I was impressed by the way ............................ she

did it.

which how whose

 51

4. They got divorced a few months later ............................ surprised

nobody.

where what which

G. Combine the sentences using a relative

clause.

1. We spent our holiday in Scotland last year. Scotland is in the north of

Great Britain.

Last year we spent our holidays in Scotland, which is in the north of Great
Britain.

2. People live in Scotland. They are called

Scots.

The people
______________________________________________________________

3. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh. He wrote the Sherlock

Holmes stories.

Arthur Conan
Doyle________________________________________________________

4. Then we visited a lake. It is in the

Highlands.

The lake
_________________________________________________________________

5. Loch Ness is 37 km long. People know it for its friendly

monster.

Loch Ness
________________________________________________________________

H. Correct the error in each of the sentences. ​1. The boy which sits next to
me in class is very clever.
........................................................................................................................................
............. 2. Our cat, that we all loved very much, died last week.
........................................................................................................................................
............. 3. The man who car was stolen was very upset.
........................................................................................................................................
.............. 4. The school which I had studied as a child was destroyed in a fire.
........................................................................................................................................
................ 5. At the weekend, that my family is at home, we have breakfast together.
........................................................................................................................................
.................

52

I. Listen and choose T for true and F for false about Mobile
Phones

In the 1980s there were mobile phones T/F

 There were not public telephones in the 1980s. T/F

According to the audio there was a telephone box on every street corner T/F

The speaker has seen one-person chats on the phone for 30 minutes T/F

SPEAKING
J. Imagine what kind of features the smartphone companies will add to the
upgraded

versions of your phones and explain

them.

For example:

- ​Camera with 9.000 mega pixels that allow us to take pictures

so clear.

- Special program where it recognizes only a voice

command

K. Look at the smartphone that your family has. Write 10 sentences about the
features

it has and what you can do with

it.

For example:

o ​The iPhone that Maggie has can create stickers for funny
message.

​ on’t forget to use relative

Ps: D
pronouns

LISTENING

WRITING
 53

LESSON 3B ​I DON’T KNOW WHAT TO DO

Should / shouldn/t / get

READING
A. ​Read and answer the
questions

1. If you have a problem that you need to talk about, do you talk to a friend or to a
member of
your family? Why?

2. Do you think men find it more difficult them women to talk about their problems?
Why?

B. Read three problems from a weekly article in the newspaper. Match

two
pieces of advice to each problem.
 54
LANGUAGE BUILDER

VOCABULARY -
GET

C. Look at three sentences for the lesson. Match the examples of get with the
meaning a- c ​a buy/ obtain b receive c become
 1. Send us your problem, and you will get advice..........

2. If you star booking restaurants and getting clothes for the big day.......

3. I’m getting really stressed about it.........

D. Answer the questions with

get....

When was the last time you got a present? What was it? Who was it from?
_______________________________________________________________
_______ Would you like to get fit? What do you think you should do?
_______________________________________________________________
_______

GRAMMAR – ​Should
/shouldn’t

→ Should is a modal verb most commonly used to make suggestion or give

advice. → It can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation
→ It is also used to refer to events that may occur by chance. → The
negative form of should is shouldn't.

→ For Example: ​▪ You should wear your seat

belt.
▪ He should be more careful.

▪ I should not be at work now.

▪ John should not bother this guy.

▪ What should I wear?

▪ Should you be driving so fast?
GRAMMAR
PRACTICE

E. Find and underline examples of should / shouldn’t in the problems and

advice in
the exercise. Then, answer the following
questions.

55
What do we use should for?
______________________________________________________________________ ​How
do you make negative and questions with should?
______________________________________________________________________
F. Complete the sentences with should/shouldn’t.
1. ​You have a great job; you ____________________ (change) it.
2. ​You ______________ (drink) so much coffee; it's bad for your blood pressure.
3. ​The government _____________________ (help) people.
4. ​It's an incredible film. You _______________________ (watch) it.
5. ​It's a very dangerous area. Tourists ______________ (go) there.
6. ​Do you think ______________ (I/apply) for a new job?
G​. ​ r ​shouldn’t
Complete with ​should o
H. Antonio is in the kitchen preparing a new recipe. Give advice using the
You should ​stop s​ moking
information in the table and should or shouldn't. ​
1. You ___________ work really long hours every day
2. You _______________ lose a little bit of weight
3. You ____________ eat more fruit and vegetables
4. You ___________ put so much sugar in your coffee
5. You __________________ start exercising
 Don’t leave the meat in the oven for more than one hour. Cut the onions as
small as possible. Use fresh herbs and fresh vegetables. Don’t put too
much salt and pepper. Wait until the water boils before you put the
vegetables into it.
56
1. You shouldn’t leave the meat in the oven for more than one hour.__
2. ____________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________________

I. ​Listening
- Advices ​I. Listen to the following audio and answer the questions.
Why can it be great to listen to advice?
____________________________________________
Who gave him the best advice in his life?
___________________________________________
What kind of advice is he needing right now?
________________________________________
What was the advice of his financial advisors?
_______________________________________
Writing
J. Read four problems on a website. Write a response to two of them giving
advice. For this activity, you have to go to the Moodle and click in
SHOULD- PADLET activity.
57

LESSON 3C ​HOLIDAYS
Should / shouldn/t - likely in the present / Hotel expressions

READING ​PREVIEW
THE READING
 LANGUAGE BUILDER

VOCABULARY ​A. Complete each definition with the

correct word from the box.

Hitchhiking A cruise

1. ________________: A holiday organized by a travel agent which includes the cost

of your
hotel and transport.

2. ________________: A holiday spent in the mountains moving across the

snow.

3. ________________: You do this when you want to see interesting buildings and
places.

4. ________________: A holiday spent in a

tent.

5. ________________: A holiday 'on the move' visiting different

places.

6. ________________: A holiday spent on a

ship.

7. ________________: A way of travelling by getting free lifts from

motorists.
 8. ________________.: A holiday where you travel with your luggage on your
back.
A package holiday Camping Backpacking
A touring holiday Sightseeing Skiing

58

WORK WITH THE

READING
When you arrive at a hotel, you should check-in at the reception. The check-in process can take a
while since the receptionist has to find your reservation, request payment for the room, and then
inform you about the hotel's policies and procedures. You are also given a key to your room at this
time. Hotels should distinguish themselves by the services they offer. Fancy hotels often have a
concierge or porter. They should help you get a taxi, make reservations at restaurants, and give
you advice about the city. Often, this person is also in charge of the bellboys, who carry your
luggage or baggage up to the room for you. In smaller and cheaper hotels, the job of concierge is
done by the receptionist and a doorman, who opens the hotel doors and car doors for you. Other
features that are generally found in hotels are a lift or elevator to take you up to the floor your room
is on; a lounge area or lobby where you can wait if you arrive before the check-in time; and a safe
where you can store valuables. Depending on how many people are staying in the room, you
should be a single or double bed. Also in the room are a desk, a dresser to store your clothes in, a
nightstand with a lamp beside the bed, a television with cable, heating and air conditioning. If you're
lucky, there may even be a mini-bar in your room. You should check the rooms before to check –in
at the reception.

Many hotels also have restaurants attached where breakfast is served in the morning. A hotel
breakfast can range from a Continental buffet, which consists of you helping yourself to food that
has been laid out for you and other hotel guests. At the proper check-out time, which is often early,
you should vacate the room so that the maids, or cleaning staff, can clean the rooms and make the
beds. If you don't leave on time, charges may apply and you will have to pay extra money. To avoid
this, you should ask for a wake-up call from the front desk so you won't sleep through check-out. To
get to your next destination, you should take an airport shuttle, which will take you directly to the
airport.

B. Which of these expressions are used for the specified purposes in

the table
 59
To Giving advice
carry luggage about the city
up to the room Reception Manager Laundry and dry-
cleaning service
Cleaning the rooms Bellboy Chambermaid Check-in Wake-up call
Cleaning staff Doorman Restaurant Receptionist
Room service Porter Making the beds Bar
Concierge ​Making reservations at restaurants
→ We also use should to talk about what is likely to happen. → Should is
followed by the base form of the verb → Use should not for negative →
Use the contraction shouldn’t in speaking and informal writing → We use
should to → For Example:
below? Then add other expressions you know​.
Areas at the hotel
Service
People to help guests at the hotel
Services and favors expected to be given tips for
Things to do at arrival
Things to do before a visitor departs
GRAMMAR –
Lounge area (hotel lobby)
Should /shouldn’t - likely in the present
Continental breakfast
60

C. ​Write the sentences according to the pictures. Use should – for

situations that
are likely in the
present

He should

2.

3.

4. 4.

D​. Complete the sentences with should + be, get or have to

expresses

present situations

1. Shall we start? Luke’s delayed but he says he ______________________

here in ten

minutes.

2. The town of Paris ______________________ a very big

crowd.
 3. He ______________________ new
passport
GRAMMAR
PRACTICE
61
 4. Susan ______________________ in New York by
now.

5. Mary ______________________ arrived in New York last week. Let's call

her and

see what she is up to.

E. Put the affirmative sentence in order

1. should / You / tell /Baker / Miss / the

truth.
_____________________________________________
_ 2. sleep/ should / go to / We
_____________________________________________
_ 3. should/ I / call / mother / my
_____________________________________________
_ 4. possible / They / leave / as soon as / should
___________________________________________
___ ​F. Put the negative and question sentence in
order

1. Should/ You /not /say /that

_____________________________________________
_ 2. working / Nick /shouldn't / be/
_____________________________________________
_ 3. take /It /shouldn't /long.
_____________________________________________
_ 4. letter / I / ? / Should / write /Maggie/ a /
__________________________________________
____

LISTENING
 G. Listen to five people asking for advice. Choose the most likely
advice for each speaker.
or.
Speaker 1
_______ ou should talk to your new
emate.
Speaker 2 _______
ou should talk to your
Speaker 3 iend.
_______
ou should go back to the
Speaker 4 _______ .

Speaker 5 _______
A. You should call the
police.
62
B. You should see a

H. Share to your friends your impressions of your best holidays if you were

there. Use should to talk about what is likely in the present. For example,

what can you or people do, wear, eat, play, buy, etc. if they go
there?

Provide details. Make sure you can use the active vocabulary
properly.

In Miami beach, the weather should be sunny and the people should be
enjoying

in the beach.......
 I. During on line sessions. Discuss the following situations with your
partner.

SELF-EVALUATION
Now I can..... ​VERY WELL OK A LITTLE

understand the role and usage of relative pronouns

give advices or suggestions using should

express situation in the present using should

SPEAKING
WRITING
63
 UNIT
4

What does the future

hold?
 64
DISCUSS:

Look at the photos.

• What role will robots play in our

society in 10 years?

(companions, workers,

computers, etc...)

• Are New year’s resolutions important for you?

• Are you superstitious?

 OBJECTIVES:

• To describe an invention that will

change the world.

• To organize and report orally

their New Year’s resolutions.

• To use critical thinking to make

predictions about the ending of a
story.
WARM-UP
A. Watch the video and answer the following questions. Go to the
Forum in
Moodle and answer the following questions.
Follow the link: ​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=453ibZYZdGE
– ​Crazy Inventions ​PREVIEW THE READING
LANGUAGE BUILDER
B. Match the words with the given images.
1. brain biometrics 2. dropped 3. goals 4. achieve
5. implant 6. feelings 7. origami 8. bricks
9. Unlock 10. device 11. move aside 12. Pod
13.share 14. Dreamed about 15. High speed 16. Sealed

LESSON 4A ​The future inventions.

Will – won’t, technology
READING
65
What is the video about?
- Distant future
technology - Nowadays technology - Near Future technology - Past technology What
invention do you like the most? And why?
- Microsoft holograms - OLED organic light emitting display - Future bus
WORK WITH THE READING
Skimming ​C. Look at the pictures and read, and answer the
following questions: ​a) What you think of these inventions? b) which of these
inventions you could (not) imagine using and why?
66
Tip ​Read the first time to get the main ideas. Then, read it again for details.
D. Match the given images in exercise a with the corresponding
descriptions.
A ​The Hyperloop is the mean of transportation where people and objects will
travel by a pod through a sealed tube at high speed. When we say high speed,
we mean at 1,200 km/h. If you think the Flash is fast, the Hyperloop will be faster.
B This
​ magic pillow will let you share with another person what you’re dreaming
about. You will move Instagram stories and Facebook posts aside; dream
sharing is the future.
C Imagine
​ being Professor X, pretty cool huh? soon we will see a computer
system that can recognize brain biometrics, so you will be able to unlock your
devices with your brain.
D No
​ brick-like smartphones anymore. Instead, they’ll be replaced with flexible
ones that won't break if you drop it. You will be able to do some origami with your
flexible smartphone.
E
Apparently, you will know your partner's feeling with “the mind-reading brain
implant". #RelationshipGoals is going to be so much easier to achieve with this.
Scanning
E. ​Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. How will the hyperloop system transport people and things?
________________________________________________________________
________
________________________________________________________________
________
________________________________________________________________
________
________________________________________________________________
 _____ 2. Look at the paragraph B. What does move aside mean in this context?
________________________________________________________________
_________
________________________________________________________________
_________
67
Tip ​To help you answer a question by scanning, underline important words in the question. Scanning for those words
makes it easy to find the information.

__________________________________________________________
_________ ​F. Mark the sentences TRUE or FALSE.

1. The brain biometrics system will be used to lock the users’

smartphones. ( )

2. The new smartphone will be flexible enough to do origami with them. ( ) 3.

According to the article, one can deduce that people who use "the mind-reading
brain implant" will know what his or her partner feels for him or her. ( )

G. ​Look at the bold words in exercise B. Use them to complete the

examples
below​.
Tip ​Sometimes you can find the meaning of a new word by understanding the meaning of the other words
around it. These ate called ​context clues.​ Look at the grammar and punctuation, too. ​1.
He
_____________ his keys on the floor. 2. You need to work hard to __________ your
goals. 3. A _____________ box will arrive at home tomorrow morning. 4. My cousin
plans to visit me. I think, I will___________ my bedroom with her. 5. Thanks to Netflix,
people will totally ________________ from buying pirated DVD copies
of the movies. 6. Last night, Margarita _________________ a big hamburger
trying to eat her. 7. Dave and Arnie buried a time _______________ when they were
young. 8. A ____________________ is a modality that will recognize individuals. 9.
Japanese people know how to make _____________. 10. You cannot
____________ my cellphone without my password. 11. One way to know your
boyfriend’s ______________ is a good communication. 12. A mobile phone is a
_________ that allows users to make and receive calls and to send
text messages. 13. You will need to buy some _________ to construct your
house. 14. The patient’s _________ will work perfectly. 15. One of my _________
is to become a doctor. 16. John will have an accident one day. He always drives at
_________________________.

68

GRAMMAR – Future will/won’t

Structure: ​Subject +​will/won t+ basic form verb+

́
complement.
 I will have a sandwich I won’t have a
sandwich

Will + ​Subject + basic form verb+

complement?

Will you have a sandwich​?

Follow the link:

https://www.canva.com/design/DAD7x0EUwhI/aBGtlHxswMa7uHstwMCspQ/view?utm_cont
ent=DAD7
x0EUwhI&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=sharebutton

69
GRAMMAR
PRACTICE

H. Complete the sentences with the future tense will of the verbs in
parenthesis.

1. I believe that team ________________________ (not win) the match. They

play really

badly.

2. I’m sure he ______________ (not like) that concert. He hates

rock.
3. I promise, I _______________________ (never
forget) you.

4. A. What’s the menu of

today?”

B. It’s crab ceviche.

A. Sounds good! I _________________

(have) it.

5. Dave ______________ (not go) to school tomorrow. He

feels sick.

I. Change the sentences into the future tense

will/won’t.

1. You find the love of your life.

.......................................................................................
.........

2. Robots help the human.

.......................................................................................
.........

3. Rachel knows his real feelings

.....................................................................................................
...........

4. I can rest well with this pillow

.............................................................................................
...........

5. Holograms allow a complete 3D visualization.

...............................................................................................
..........

J. Write sentences using the key words, use and the picture given
to inspire you.

70

______________________________________________
_____

USE: Spontaneous decision KEY

WORDS: hamburger and French fries.

______________________________________________
_____ USE: Certainty of the future KEY WORDS: achieve
/ goal

______________________________________________
_____ USE: Offer KEY WORDS: share

_______________________________________________
 _____ USE: Refusal KEY WORDS: device / unlock

LISTENING
– ​Technology and
predictions

Vocabulary​.

K. Here are some words from the audio. Read the sentences. Circle
the
answer that best matches the meaning of each bold word or
phrase

71

1. ​He
will travel worldwide and have friends
4. ​I
hope all my dreams will come true in a near
everywhere.
future.
a. international b. local c. restricted a. Not be a fact b. be unreal to happen c. Become

2. ​Thefossil is from an extinct species of Comprehension

reptile. check

a. Extant b. exterminated c. living

L. Listen to the audio and fill in the
blanks.
3. ​An expert helped me to hook up my computer to the office
network. Tip ​In exercise C, you
have to choose the best
a. Connect b. disconnect c. dissociate word with a synonym or
words with the same
 meaning. This is one word.
way to define a new

The clock struck twelve and people worldwide wondered what the new decade has in
store for us. Many hope the 2020s ______ _____ _______ for them and the Earth.
The 2010s were little chaotic. Global warming put our existence in danger; wars
continue around the world; millions still lack clean water and education; and thousands
of species became extinct. Technology and more cooperation between nations _____
hopefully _______________ the 2020s better.

A technology website predicted our lives _____ _____more like science fiction. It
wrote: "The decade _____ _______ us even further toward a world were far-out ideas
like hooking brains up to computers, and even immortality, become topics of serious
conversation." A futurologist wrote about ________ _________ and unlimited clean
________. He said: "The 2020s will be when the incredible ____________ of
___________ finally happen." Let's talk in 2030 to see if this comes true.

Retrieved from
https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2001/200102-the-2020s-4l.html

SPEAKING

M. What would you like to see invented in the

future?
 72

Write down ideas for future inventions. Consider these questions to

complete the chart below: “What's an invention for _______ that you'd like
to see in the future? Why?”
An health
invention studying
for... English
What? Why? travel
games

computers

N. Your Best Idea - What's the best idea? Choose one invention that you
consider most relevant for the improvement of the society and talk about it
more. Then explain your idea to the class.
___________________________________________________
______
DESCRIPTION

_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________

CONTRIBUTION TO THE
WORLD.

_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
_________________________________________________________________________
_

Self-reflection:

1. Can I difference the uses of will? 2. Can I construct sentences using will? 3. Can
I talk about an invention that will contribute to the world and support why?

73

LESSON 4B​Talking about resolutions.

Be going to - resolutions
WARM-UP ​A. ​Look at the photos and
answer the following
questions.
What are the New year’s resolutions?
_______________________________
_ __________________________
Order the following resolutions
according to the grade of importance
for you. (1 the most important – 8 the
least) ______ Exercise more ______
Lose weight ______ Get organized
______ Learn a new skill ______ Live
life to the fullest ______ Save money
______ Spend more time with family
and friends ______ Travel more
 EADING

the New READING

PREVIEW THE

LANGUAGE BUILDER
​ atch the words with the
Vocabulary ​B. M
given images.

1. successful 2. Scotland 3. skills 4. Voluntary work 5. lose weight 6. midnight. 7.

freezing 8. save money

9. New Year’s Eve 10. Sweets 11. Way 12. crowd

13. Xmas 14. Improve 15. Noise 16. Strike midnight

74
C. Here are some words from the reading “Celebrating the new year”.
Read the following sentences. Then, write each underlined word next to
the correct definition.
performer, I am going to attract a huge ​crowd ​in 2021
1. When the clock ​strikes midnight​, people usually eat twelve
grapes. 2. A ​successful ​teacher is one who can get the kids to feel (verb)
a. ________________
passionate about what they are learning andeconomize.
enjoy it. 3. Roxana is
b. ________________
​lose weight.
a little chubby. Her new year’s resolution is to(verb) ​4. New
get better.
Year’s ​Eve ​is celebrated at evening parties. 5. I heard a ​noise ​at
75
the door. 6. Next year, I am going to be part of a team of a Tip – Parts of speech. ​Pay
voluntary work​. 7. ​Xmas ​is celebrated on December 25. 8. The attention to the part of speech
weather is ​freezing ​here in February. 9. They visited ​Scotland ​to information in each definition.
As you do Activity A, think about
see where their ancestors lived. 10. The bell rang at ​midnight. ​11. which part of speech is needed
We don’t keep any ​sweets ​in the house. 12. There is more than in each sentence. Does the
sentence need a verb, a noun,
one ​way ​to make a cup of tea. 13. I am going to work hard to or an adjective?
improve ​this website. 14. He has a special ​skill ​with the football.
15. I am going to find an effective way to ​save money​. 16. As a
c. ________________ (noun) many
 people.
d. ________________ (noun) They visited Scotland to see where their
ancestors lived. e. ________________ (adjective) be good at something. f.
________________ (noun) time: 12 at night. g. ________________ (noun)
piece of candy. h. ________________ (noun) loud sound. i.
________________ (noun) period or just time before. j. ________________
(verb) become slimmer. k. ________________ (noun) manner l.
________________ (verb) A clock ringing a bell at exactly midnight. m.
________________ (noun) aptitude, ability.
n. ________________ (noun) is celebrated to remember the birth of Jesus
Christ. o. ________________ (noun) unpaid employment for a cause. p.
________________ (adjective) weather, water: very cold.

Quick Write

D. ​Do you think people celebrate New Year’s Eve as the same way as
Ecuadorian people? How do Ecuadorians celebrate it? Choose two countries and
explain bravely how people celebrate it there.

Celebration in Ecuador
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______

Celebration in _______________________.
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______
_____________________________________________________________________
_______

Celebration in
_______________________.

__________________________________________________________________________
________
__________________________________________________________________________
________
__________________________________________________________________________
________
__________________________________________________________________________
________
________________________________________________________________________
76

CELEBRATING ​
77 ​ THE NEW
YEAR
The start of the New Year on January 1st is a popular time for celebrating all
across the UK. Celebrations can start early on New Year’s Eve, December 31st,
as people meet up with friends and family members.
Everyone hopes to start the New Year with good intentions so they make some
resolutions to help them have a successful year. We asked young people around
the UK about their plans are for New Year’s Eve and about their New Year’s
resolution.
My Plans New Year, or Hogmanay, is more important than Xmas to some people
in Scotland. I am invited to two Hogmanay parties and I am going to both! As
every year, we are going to sing together "Auld Lang Syne" at midnight.
Regarding my resolutions, I am going to eat fewer sweets, be nicer to my little
brother. Also, I am going to improve my computer skills
My plans I am going to join my parents in a New Year’s Day swim this year. It’s
freezing cold in the water but it is a fun way to start the year. Quite a lot of people
meet on Brighton beach for this first swim of the year. I hope it doesn’t snow. I
am not going to be out partying the night before because I don’t like all the noise
and drinking!
Next year, I am going to do some voluntary work in my area, save money and
improve my tennis. Maybe be nicer to my girlfriend!! to get good grades for
university.
My plans I am going to the center of Newcastle with my cousins and friends to
celebrate the New Year. I love being in a crowd when the clocks strike midnight.
Everyone kisses each other, sings and drinks champagne. We are going to get
back home at four or five in the morning.
Regarding my resolutions, I am going to lose weight, learn how to play the guitar
and talk less in class! I am also going to study hard.
RESOLUTIONS
Retrieved from
http://teachingenglish.britishcouncil.org.cn/sites/teacheng/files/New%20Year%27
s%20resol utions%20student%20worksheet.pdf
WORK WITH THE READING
Scanning. ​E. According to the reading text, what are the five
traditional ways of welcoming
the New Year?
Meet with friends and family.
Watch the news on tv
Sing traditional songs.
Swim in frozen water.
Meet on the beach.
Meet in the center of the town.
 Stay at home.
Kiss each other.
Drink tequila
Drink coffee and eat cake
Tip ​Read the text two times or more. The first time to get the main ideas. Then, read it again for
details.
78

F. ​Read the sentences and Mark the sentences True or False. Then, correct each
false
statement to make it true.

1. Next year, Mary is going to get better in math skills. True False

__________________________________________
____
__________________________________________
____

2. Next year, Ben is going to work and save money. True False
__________________________________________
____
__________________________________________
____

3. Next year, Sophie is not going to gain weight. True False

__________________________________________
____
__________________________________________
____

4. Mary is going to study hard and be nicer to her little True False
brother.
 __________________________________________
____
__________________________________________
____

LISTENING
ne’s New Year ́ s

Vocabulary. ​G. ​Here are some words from the audio. Read the sentences.
Which explanation is correct?
Circle a or b.

1. She always complains about her lazy, useless

husband.
season.
a. She expresses how unhappy she is because of her Tip ​Examples make your
ideas clearer. In activity G,
husband. b. She expresses how happy and satisfied she is
you have to choose the
with her husband. best sentence. This is one
way to define a new word.
It shows you know the
2. Leonor tries to be positive during difficult
meaning.
times.

a. Leonor is sad during difficult days. b. Leonor is

optimistic when she has difficult situations.

79
3. Ben is going to get fit for the beach
a. Ben is going to exercise to stay in shape. b. Ben
is going to eat junky food for the beach season.

4. We'll get there earlier because we could avoid the

traffic.

a. We are going to arrive on time. b. We are

going to arrive sooner than we expected.
 Comprehension
check

H. ​Listen to the audio. Anne talks about her New Year’s Resolutions. The language
focus is
the use of “going to” to talk about future plans. Choose the correct
option.
Earlier b. Later c. At the same time
1. How many New Year's Resolutions has Anne
made? a. Two b. Three c. Four 5. Which one is her most important New Year's
Resolution? a. The first b. The second c. The last
2. How often does Anne usually go Tip ​In activity G, you
answer multiple-choice
swimming? a. Once a week b. Twice a week questions. Always read the
c. Everyday questions and all possible
answers before you listen.
This helps you focus on the
3. How often does she plan to go swimming in the important information.
future? a. Once a week b. Twice a week c. Everyday
4. In the future what time is Anne going to bed? a.
I. ​Listen to the audio again and fill in the missing words in each
sentence.

1. I’m going ______ swimming more often. 2.

I’m not going __________ about everything.
3. I’m going ___________ more positive. 4.
I’m going __________ to bed earlier.
80