SFX GREENHERALD INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Online Class – 4
Computer Science - II, Class Content
Teacher: Avijit Chakravarty

Address Bus

It is a unidirectional bus. It carries data relating to addresses between the microprocessor (CPU) and the
memory.

In order to perform the memory read or write operation from the main memory RAM, the CPU sends
either read or write control signal on the control bus and address of the memory location along the
“Address Bus” from where the operation is to be performed.

Data Bus

It is a bidirectional bus. In computer architecture, it is a wired connection dedicated for transmitting the
data between the CPU and other components. The data bus is a part of the system bus in addition to
address bus and control bus.

A data bus has many different features, but one of the most important feature is the bus width.

The width of a data bus refers to the number of bits (electrical wires) that the bus can carry .

The Common data bus widths include 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit and 64 bit. The wider the bus width, faster
would be the data flow on the data bus and thus better system performance.

Control Bus

It carries data or signals to one direction only. It carries signals relating control and coordination of all
activities within the computer. For example read and write function.

The CPU (Microprocessor) contains a control unit which controls the functioning of all other
components connected to the computer system.
Memory Unit

The computer memory unit is made up of a number of partitions. Each partition consists of an ADDRESS
and its CONTENTS. The example shown here uses 8 bits for each address and 8 bits for the content. In a
real computer memory, the address and its contents are actually much larger than this.

The address will uniquely identify every location in the memory and the contents will be the binary.