Faculty: Business Administration

Course name: Operations and Quality Management

Course code: MBA 606

Name: Bilal Abdul Hadi / Id: 201600990

Instructor Name: Dr Michel Saliby

Branch: Tripoli

Spring 2019/2020 – Final Assignment

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Exercise 1:

a) The appropriate diagram appears below.

b) Cycle time is 57/40 = 1.425 minutes.
c) The theoretical minimum number of stations required is 6.02/1.425 = 4.22.
d) The balanced line appears in the software output panel below.
e) The line's efficiency is 6.02/8.55 = 70.4% , idle time is 2.529999 min/cycle and
the balance delay is 29.59064%
Station Task Time(min) Time Ready
left(min) task
1 A 0.69 0.735 A
B 0.55 0.185 B
2 F 1.1 0.325 C,D,E,F
3 C 0.92 0.505 C,D,E
4 E 0.7 0.725 D,E
D 0.59 0.135 D
5 G 0.75 0.675 G
H 0.43 0.245 H
6 I 0.29 1.135 I
Summary statistics:
 Cycle time 1.425 minutes
 Time allocated (cycle time * #) 8.549999 minutes/cycle
 Time needed (sum of task times) 6.02minutes/unit
 Idle time (allocated-needed) 2.529999 minutes/cycle
 Efficiency (needed/allocated) 70.40936%
 Balance Delay (1-efficiency) 29.59064%
 Min (theoretical) # of stations 5

Exercise 3:

SAMPLE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 10.20 10.21 10.17 10.20 10.22 10.21 10.23 10.22 10.19 10.20
2 10.21 10.20 10.23 10.23 10.22 10.23 10.23 10.20 10.19 10.21
3 10.19 10.17 10.21 10.19 10.23 10.17 10.20 10.19 10.20 10.22
Observation 4 10.18 10.22 10.18 10.18 10.21 10.20 10.18 10.23 10.18 10.20
5 10.22 10.18 10.20 10.19 10.19 10.19 10.17 10.22 10.17 10.17
x̅ 10.20 10.20 10.20 10.20 10.21 10.20 10.20 10.21 10.19 10.20

X= (10.20+10.20+10.20+10.20+10.21+10.20+10.20+10.21+10.19+10.20)/10
= 10.20
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The control limits of the mean chart is calculated as follows:
 Upper Control Limit (UCL) = X + z x
 Lower Control Limit (LCL) = X - z x

UCL: 10.20+3(0.03/√5) =10.24

LCL: 10.20-3(0.03/√5) = 10.16

Exercise 2:

Conceptually Quality Circles can be described as a small group of employees of the same
work area, doing similar work that meets voluntarily and regularly to identify, analyze
and resolve work related problems. This small group with every member of the circle
participating to the full carries on the activities, utilising problem solving techniques to
achieve control or improvement in the work area and also help self and mutual
development in the process. The concept of the Quality Circle is based on “respect for the
human individual” as against the traditional assumption based on suspicion and mistrust
between management and its employees.

Characteristics of Effective Quality Circles:

1. The atmosphere should be informal, comfortable and relaxed. The members should
feel involved and interested.

2. Everyone should participate.

3. The objectives should be clear to the members.

4. The members should listen to each other.

5. The group should feel comfortable even when there are disagreements.

6. The decisions should generally be taken by a kind of consensus and voting should be
minimum.

7. When an action is required to be taken, clear assignments should be made and accepted
by all the members.

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Objectives of Quality Circles:
Some of the broad objectives of the Quality Circle are:
1. To improve quality, productivity, safety and cost reduction.

2. To give chance to the employees to use their wisdom and creativity.

3. To encourage team spirit, cohesive culture among different levels and sections of
the employees.
4. To promote self and mutual development including leadership quality,
5. To fulfill the self-esteem and motivational needs of employees.
6. To improve the quality of work-life of employees.

Benefits of Quality Circles (Q.C.):

1. Through the forum of Q.C. the chronic problems-of organisations which really create
hurdles in work get resolved by the grass root employees of organisation, whose knowl-
edge and experience otherwise is not fully utilized.

2. With such a capable work force, any organization can easily undertake more difficult
and challenging assignments for its growth and profit.

3. As the employees gain experience they take more challenging projects, in due course
they undertake projects on cost reduction, material handling, quality improvement,
preventing wastage, improving delivery schedule, improving customer service, im-
proving inspection and test methods, preventing accidents improving design and process
etc.

4. Cost reduction.

5. Increased productivity.

6. Improved quality.

Problems of Quality Circles:

1. Negative Attitude

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 2. Lack of Ability
3.  Lack of Management Commitment
4. Non-implementation of Suggestions

Exercise 4:
Case study: Managing Quality Day and Night

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