IMG 1

β 11 H ( β11 H +cos ( θ )) J 1 ( ka sin ( θ ) )

[
EθT = 1+ ( k )
cos ( θ ) −α
K 11 E
2

] [ sin ( θ ) ]
1− (
k sin ( θ ) )
IMG 2

ka K 11 E β 11 E J '1 ( K 11E a ) J 1 ( ka sin ( θ ) )

EθE =−
2R ( )( k
+ cos ( θ )
[ ( )]
) 1− K 11 E 2 [ sin (θ ) ] sin ( ∅ ) e− jkR

k sin ( θ )

E ∅ E =0

IMG 3

The electric field of TE11 MODE GIVEN BY [3]:

β cos ( θ ) J ( ka sin (θ ) )
EθE =
−ωμ
2R
1+ 11 H
k ( J 1 ( K 11 H a ) 1 )
sin ( θ ) [
sin ( ∅ ) e− jkR ]
−kaωμ β11 H J '1 ( ka sin ⁡(θ))
E∅H=
2R k (
+ cos ( θ ) J 1 ( K 11 H a )
1−(
) ksin(θ)
K 11H
)
2

[
cos ( ∅ ) e− jkR
]
PDF START:

PAGE 23

− j β ∂ Ez ∂Hz
Eφ = 2
K c ρ ∂φ (
−ωμ
∂ρ
−−−−−(6. a) ) Equations
(6.a),(6.b),
(6.c),(6.d) are
−j ∂ Ez β ∂ H z
H φ=
Kc 2
ωε (+
∂ρ ρ ∂φ
−−−−−(6. b) ) the field
equations for
cylindrical
− j ωμ ∂ H z ∂ Ez waveguides.
E ρ= 2
K c ρ ∂φ (+β
∂ρ
−−−−−(6. c) )
j ωμ ∂ E z ∂ Hz
H ρ= 2
K c ρ ∂φ (
−β
∂ρ
−−−−−(6. d ) )
TE MODE IN CYLINDRICAL WAVEGUIDE :-
For TE mode, Ez=0, Hz≠0.

As the wave travels along z-direction,e−γ z is the solution along z-

direction.
As, γ 2 +ω2 με=h 2 ;

−β + ω με=K c ;
2 2 2

−β + K =K c ( as K =ω με )
2 2 2 2 2

According to maxwell’s equation, the laplacian of Hz :

∇ 2 H z=−ω2 με Hz ;

∇ 2 H z +ω 2 με Hz=0 ;

∇ 2 H z + K 2 Hz=0

Expanding the above equation, we get:

∂2 H z 1 ∂ H z 1 ∂2 H z ∂ 2 H z 2
2
+ + 2 2
+ 2
+ K Hz=0;
∂ρ ρ ∂ ρ ρ ∂φ ∂Z

∂2 H z 2
2 −γ z ∂ H z
Now, Hz=e
−γ z
;
∂Z 2
=(−γ ) e ;
∂Z 2
2 −γ z
=β e ;

∂2 H z 2 ∂2 2
; 2
=−β Hz=¿ 2
=−β ;
∂Z ∂Z

Putting this value in the above equations, we get:-

∂2 H z 1 ∂ H z 1 ∂2 H z 2 2
2
+ + 2 2
+ K Hz−β Hz=0 ;
∂ρ ρ ∂ ρ ρ ∂φ

∂2 H z 1 ∂ H z 1 ∂2 H z 2
2
+ + 2 2
+ K c Hz=0 ; ¿
∂ρ ρ ∂ ρ ρ ∂φ

∂2 H z 1 ∂ H z 2
2 −1 ∂ H z
+ + K c Hz= ;
∂ ρ2 ρ ∂ ρ ρ2 ∂ φ 2

The partial differential with respect to ρ and φ in the above equation are
equal only when the individuals are constant (Let it be K 20)
2
−1 ∂ H z 2
2 2
=K 0
ρ ∂φ

∂2 H z 2 2
+ ρ K 0 =0
∂ φ2

Solutions to the above differential equation is:-

H z=B1 sin ( K 0 φ ) +B 2 cos ( K 0 φ )−−−−−{solution along φ direction }.

∂2 H z 1 ∂ H z
Now, 2
+
ρ ∂ρ
2 2
+ K c Hz−K 0 =0
∂ρ
This equation is similar to BESSEL’S EQUATION,so the solution of
this equation is
H z=C n J n ( K C ρ ) −−−−−−−−{solution along ρ−direction }

Hence, H z=H z ( ρ ) H z ( φ ) e−γZ ;

So, the final solution is,

H z=C n J n ( K C ρ ) B 1 sin ( K 0 φ ) + B2 cos ( K 0 φ ) e−γZ

Applying boundary conditions:-

∂Hz
At ρ=a, Eφ=0 => ∂ρ
=0 ,

=> J n ( K C ρ )=0

=> J n ( K C a ) =0

If the roots of above equation are defined as Pmn’,then

Pmn ’
K C= ;
a

H z=C n J n ( Pmna ’ ρ ) B sin ( K φ )+ B cos ( K φ ) e

1 0 2 0
−γZ

CUT-OFF FREQUENCY :- It is the minimum frequency after which

the propagation occurs inside the cavity.

∴ γ =0 ;

But we know that, γ 2 +ω2 με=K c 2 ;

ω 2 με=K c 2

2 K c2
ω=
με

K c2
2 π f c=
√ με

1 K c2
f c=
2π √ με

Pmn ’
∴ fc= 2 π a √ με

CUTOFF WAVELENGTH :-
1
c με 2 πa
= √ =
fc Pmn ’ Pmn ’
2 πa √ με

The experimental values of Pmn’ are:-

3
m 1 2
n
0 3.832 7.016 10.173

1 1.841 5.331 8.536

2 3.054 6.706 9.969
3 3.054 6.706 9.970
As seen from this table,TE11 mode has the lowest cut off frequency,
hence TE11 is the dominating mode.

ηκ
WAVE IMPEDANCE ( ZTE )=
β

TM MODE IN CYLINDRICAL WAVEGUIDE :-

For TM mode Hz=0, Ez≠0.

From the calculation in TE mode, we got the equation as,

∂2 E z 1 ∂ E z 1 ∂ 2 E z 2
2
+ + 2 2
+ K Ez=0 ;
∂ρ ρ ∂ ρ ρ ∂φ

∂2 E z 2 2
+ ρ k 1=0 ¿ let k1 be a constant)
∂ φ2

So, the general solution of the above equation is

Ez=C 1 sin ( K 1 φ ) +C 2 cos ( K 1 φ )

Applying the boundary value conditions, i.e at ρ=a, Ez=0.

We get J n ( K C a ) =0 ;

So,if Pmn is the root of the above equation, then

Pmn
K C= ;
a

The experimental values of Pmn’ are:-

 3
m 1 2
n
0 2.405 5.520 8.654

1 3.832 7.016 10.174

2 5.135 8.417 11.620

So, we can conclude that the TE01 having a value of 2.405 is the lowest
one. But since this value is greater than the TE11 mode, so mode TE11
is the dominant mode for the cylindrical TM modes. Here m≥1,so there
is no TM10 mode.
CUTOFF FREQUENCY:-
The cut off frequency is given by
Pmn
∴ fc= 2 π a √ με

CUTOFF WAVELENGTH:-

The cut off wavelength is given by

1
c με 2 πa
= √ =
fc Pmn Pmn
2 πa √ με

WAVE IMPEDANCE :-
ηκ
The wave impedance is given by β