Ministry of Railways Manak Nagar, Lucknow 226 011

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
RESEARCH DESIGNS & STANDARDS ORGANISATION
MANAK NAGAR , LUCKNOW 226 011
SPECIFICATION No. TI/SPC/OHE/INSCOM/1070
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR SILICONE COMPOSITE INSULATORS

FOR 25 kV a.c. 50 Hz SINGLE PHASE OVERHEAD TRACTION LINES
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers design, manufacturing, requirements and tests method for Silicone
composite insulators used on single phase overhead electric traction lines having a nominal
voltage of 25 kV (line-earth) ac at 50 Hz. The system voltage may, however, go up to 30
kV.
1.2 Reference Specifications :The following IS, IEC, ASTM and other standard specifications
referred in this specification shall be referred while assessing conformity of insulators
with these specifications. These shall mean latest revision with amendments issued unless
specifically stated otherwise in the specification.
S N Relevant Item description

IS/IEC/ASTM/SPECS.
i IEC: 61109 Composite insulators for a.c. overhead lines with a nominal
voltage greater than 1000 V- Definitions, test methods and
acceptance criteria
Ii IEC 60507 & IS:8704 Artificial Pollution tests on high voltage Insulators to be
used on a.c. systems.
iii IEC 60575 Thermal mechanical performance tests and mechanical
performance test on string insulator units.
iv IEC 60815 & IS: 13134 Guide for the selection of insulators in respect of polluted
conditions.
v IEC 60060-1 & IS: 2071 Methods of high voltage testing.
(Part I to III)
vi IS: 14329 Malleable iron castings - Specification
vii. ETI/OHE/13(4/84) issued by Specification for Hot dip zinc galvanisation of steel masts
RDSO (rolled and fabricated), tubes and fittings used in 25 kV ac
OHE.
viii IEC 60707 Flammability of Solid non-metallic materials when exposed
to flame sources
ix IEC 60587 Method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of
electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient
conditions.
Page 2 of 23 Specification No.TI/SPC/OHE/INS COM/1070
x. IEC 61467 AC Power arc test on insulator sets.

Xi IEC 93 Method of the test for volume resistivity and surface
resistivity of solid electrical insulating materials.
Xii ASTM D624 –00 Type B Standard Test Methods for tear strength of rubber and
Thermoplastic Elastomers
xiii IEC 243-3 / Methods of test for electric strength of solid insulating
ASTM D – 149 materials Part I : Tests at power frequencies..
xiv ASTM D 495 –73 Method for High – Voltage, low – current, Dry Arc
Resistance of Solid Electrical insulation,
xv ASTM D 578 –05 Standard specification for glass fiber strands.
2.0 TERMINOLOGY : For the purpose of this specification, the following definitions shall
apply:
2.1. 850 mm creepage distance insulator i.e. 16 mm/kV: These 850 mm creepage distance
insulators shall be used in light polluted zones for stay , Bracket,9-Tonne,post, operating &
sectioning insulators.
2. 2 1050 mm creepage distance insulators i.e. 20 mm/kV :These insulators shall be used in
medium polluted areas where SDD is 0.1 to 0.3 mg/sqcm,for stay, bracket & 9 Tonne
insulators only.
2. 3 1600 mm creepage distance insulators i.e. 31 mm/kV : These insulators shall be used in
heavily /very heavily polluted zones, where SDD is more than 0.3 mg/sq.cm and shall be used
for stay, bracket & 9-Tonne insulators only.
Note IEC Publication 60815& IS: 13134 prescribe from the point of view of pollution level,
four levels of pollution from light to very heavy pollution. For the purpose of
standardization, & in order to avoid multiplicity of types of insulators to suit each type
of pollution, at present, only stay arm, bracket tube and 9-tonne insulators shall be used
in zones where the pollution level is light, medium and/or heavy.
2.4 Stay arm insulator: The insulator which forms part of the horizontal member, known
as the stay arm of the cantilever assembly from which the traction conductors are
suspended, and which insulates that member from the mast or structure to which the
cantilever is attached.
2.5 Bracket insulator: The insulator which forms, part of the inclined member, known as
the bracket tube of the cantilever assembly, (from which, the overhead traction
conductors are suspended) and which insulates bracket from the mast or structure to
which the cantilever is attached.
2.6 9-Tonne Insulator: The insulator is normally, though not exclusively, used as a strain
insulator for anchoring of conductors. It is also used in a vertical position to support 25
kV feeder wire.
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2.7 Post Insulator: A post insulator is used for supporting rigidly the live contacts of 25
kV isolator switches, the 25 kV bus bars at sub-stations/switching stations, the 25 kV
bus bars over portals and at such other locations.
2.8 Sectioning Insulator: The insulating element of a piece of equipment (called section
insulator assembly) which is used for separating adjacent sections of the overhead
traction lines, belonging to different elementary electrical sections, in the normal
condition. It provides a continuous smooth (mechanical and electrical) path for passage
of the pantograph of electric rolling stock.
2.9 Operating Rod Insulator: The insulator used in the operating rod of a 25 kV isolator
for opening and closing of the isolators.
Note : Metal fittings of all the above insulators shall be checked for the critical dimensions
by suitable gauges. The insulators which do not comply with the requirements of the
specifications / approved drawings due to defects shall be rejected and destroyed in
presence of the inspecting official. The details of rejection i.e. batch number, date of
rejection, and quantity shall form part of the type / acceptance reports.
2.10 Creepage Distance: It is the shortest distance along the contours of the external
surfaces of the insulating part of the insulator i.e. distance between those parts which
normally have the operating voltage between them.
3.0 Basic features: Silicon composite insulator should be manufactured according to

followings:
3.1 Shed and Sheath material: Composite insulator shed & sheath shall be made of HTV
type silicone rubber, having silicon content between 40-50 % by weight and preferably ATH
(Alumina Tri hydrate) as filler .The filler should be properly mixed with silicon compound to
ensure the uniform distribution of it in the polymer. Proper additives viz vulcanizing agent,
coupling agent, softener etc should be used to ensure desired properties of final product.
Insulator should be manufactured by moulding process. The joint formed due to, the mold
parting line of moulding vessel, should be smooth.. Thickness of sheath should be minimum
3mm & shall have excellent Hydrophobic and anti-tracking properties. The strength of bond
between FRP rod & sheath shall be more than the tearing strength of the polymer.
The material should confirm to the tests specified in this specification. & should protect
against attack of rats/birds/squirrels/other rodents at storage location & on line.
Manufacturer should indicate the method of cleaning & solvent to be used for cleaning
silicone rubber sheds.
3.2 Core : Core of the composite insulator should be manufactured from Boron free,
Electrically corrosion resistant (ECR) grade glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin rod having
at least 70% fibres by weight. Pultrusion process should preferably be adopted to
manufacture the FRP rod/core & it should be void free & have high resistance to acid
corrosion. The temperature of die and speed of individual fiber movement should be so
controlled that, there are no cracks on the center of FRP rod. The core should confirm to
the tests specified in the specification.
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3.3 End FITTINGS
3.3.1 The end fitting shall be made of black heart malleable cast iron conforming to Grade
BM:350 of IS:14329 or of spherical graphite cast iron to Grade:400/15 of IS:1865-1991 or
forged steel fittings to BS 970 (Part-II). Approval of the type test of an insulator implies
employment of metal fitting of the design approved during type test. Both the metal
fittings of one insulator should be of same material.
3.3.2 The metal fittings shall be galvanized after machining. The galvanized surface shall be
smooth. The mass of zinc coating on stay arm insulator hook shall not be applicable to the
threaded portion of the hook.
3.3.3 All metal fittings shall be hot-dip galvanised in accordance with specification No.
ETI/OHE/13 (4/84). The minimum weight of zinc coating shall be as follows:
850 mm insulators : 610 g/m2 (min) for all types of metal fittings
1050 mm zone insulators: i) 1000 g/m2 (min) for all types of metal fitting.
ii) 750 g/m2 (min) for stay arm insulator hook.
NOTE: The threads of the tapped holes in the metal fittings of stay arm, operating rod and post
insulators shall be cut after galvanisation and protected against corrosion by application of
suitable grease. The threads of all other metal fittings shall be cut before galvanisation.
All the tapped holes shall be suitable for galvanised bolts and shall conform to IS:4218
(Part I to VI)- latest.
3.3.4 Tilt of Metal fittings: No tilt of metal fitting is acceptable for all types of insulators.
3.3.5 Threads of metal fittings: Wherever thread cutting is required in the metal fittings, each
insulator shall be checked for the diameter of thread and depth of threaded portion as per
the specification/approved drawing using suitable gauges.
3.3.6 The jointing of the metal fittings with the FRP core shall be as per RDSO’s approved
drawings. which shall neither react chemically with the metal fittings nor cause their
fracture/looseness on account of expansion or contraction resulting in loosening of the
metal fittings. During the jointing process, care shall be taken to ensure that the FRP core
and the metal fittings are properly aligned.
4.0 TESTS:
4.1 DESIGN TESTS: Silicone composite insulators suitability for long-term use for high
voltage applications shall be assessed by design tests.
4.1.1 These tests are carried out to prove conformity with the requirement of the specification
& are intended to prove the suitability of the design, materials and method of manufacture
(technology).
4.1.2 The tests on interfaces and connections of metal fittings and the assembled core load – time
test shall be conducted on each type of insulator offered. The test of housing – tracking
and erosion test need not be repeated if the material of the shedded sleeve is same for
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other types of insulators offered. Similarly the test for core material need not be
repeated, if the material or glass fibre is same for other types of insulators offered.
The results shall be considered valid for the whole class of insulators having the following
characteristics.
- Same materials for the core, sheds and same manufacturing process.
- Same material of the fittings, the same designs, and the same method of
attachment.
- Same or greater layer thickness of the shed material over the core
- Same or smaller ratio of all mechanical loads to the smallest core diameter between
fittings.
- Same or greater diameter of the core.
4.1.3 The tested composite insulators shall be identified by a drawing giving all the dimensions
with the manufacturing tolerances. The Design tests results should be recorded in a test
report. Each test can be performed independently on new test specimens wherever
appropriate. The composite insulator of a particular design qualifies only when all
insulators or test specimens pass the Design tests as given in the following table. “They
shall be repeated whenever the design or the material of the core/sleeve of the insulator
is changed/ modified by the manufacturer”. The following tests shall be part of Design
tests.
Table - 1
S. Description Post Operating rod Sectioning Stay,
Bracket
No
& 9
Tonne
1. Tests on interfaces and connections of Three Insulator of each type to be
metal fittings. tested in the sequence as given in the IEC 61109.
(i) Test specimens and preliminary tests
(Clause 5.1.1 of IEC 61109)
(ii) Dry power frequency voltage test (Clause
5.1.2 of IEC 61109).
(iii) Pre stressing (Clause 5.1.3 of IEC 61109)
(a) Sudden mechanical load release Test
(Clause 5.1.3.1 of IEC 61109)
(b) Thermal Mechanical Test (Clause 5.1.3.2 of
IEC 61109)
(c) Water immersion test (Clause 5.1.3.3 of
IEC 61109)
(iv) Verification Test (Clause 5.1.4 of IEC
61109)
(a) Visual Examination Test (Clause 5.1.4.1 of
IEC 61109)
(b) Step front impulse voltage test (Clause
5.1.4.2 of IEC 61109)
(c) Dry Power Frequency Voltage Test (Clause
5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109)
5
2. Assembled Core Load time test.

(i) Test specimens (Clause 5.2.1 of IEC 61109) 06 06 06 06
(ii) Mechanical Load test
(a) Determination of the average failing load 03 03 03 03
of the core of the assembled insulator
(Clause 5.2.2.1 of IEC 61109)
(b) Control of the slope of the strength time 03 03 03 03
curve of the insulator (Clause 5. 2.2.2 of
IEC 61109)
(3) Test of housing :
(a) Tracking and erosion test (Clause 5.3 of 02 02 02 02
IEC 61109)
(4) Test for the core material (Clause 5.4 of IEC 61109)
(i) Dye penetration tests (Clause 5.4.1 of IEC 10 10 10 10
61109).
(ii) Water diffusion (High voltage) test 06 06 06 06
(Clause 5.4.2 of IEC 61109).
4.2 TYPE TESTS

4.2.1 These tests are carried out to prove conformity with the requirement of the specification &
are intended to prove the general quality and design of a given type of insulator. “They shall
be repeated whenever the design or the material of the core/sleeve of the insulator is
changed/modified by the manufacturer or as per instructions issued by RDSO”. Vendors
should keep the material ready for specimen preparation in presence of RDSO official. The
following tests shall be part of type test
Table - 2
S. Item description Post Operating Sectioning Stay/ BT/ 9-
Tonne (for
No rod
each type of
insulator)
1.0 Visual examination 03 03 03 03
2.0 Verification of dimensions
3.0 Mechanical failing load test (Tensile, 09 09 09 09
Eccentric loading in case of sectioning
insulator, bending, (Torsion in case of Post
insulator, & Mechanical Performance Test
–03 insulators for each test.
4.0 Galvanisation test. 03* 03* 03* 03*
5.0 Mechanical load time test (Clause 6.4 of 03 03 03 03
IEC 61109)
6.0 Analysis of material properties.
a) Housing material (Silicon compound)
(i) Silicon content by weight 01 01 01 01
(ii) Ultimate Elongation % 01 01 01 01
(iii) Tear strength 01 01 01 01
(iv) DC Volume resistivity 01 01 01 01
(v) Resistance to weathering & UV 01 01 01 01
(vi) Limiting oxygen Index test/flammability. 01 01 01 01
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(vii) Arc Resistance 01 01 01 01

(viii) Specific gravity 01 01 01 01
(ix) Dielectric strength in kV/mm 01 01 01 01
(x) Hardness (Shore A) 01 01 01 01
(xi) Tensile strength 01 01 01 01
b) Core Material
(i) Verification of dimensions 01 01 01 01
(ii) Dye penetration test. 10 10 10 10
(iii) Percentage of glass content. 01 01 01 01
(iv) Hardness 01 01 01 01
(v) Flexural strength 01 01 01 01
(vi) Water absorption 01 01 01 01
(vii) Water diffusion test 06 06 06 06
(viii) Brittle fracture resistance test. 01 01 01 01
7.0 Visible discharge test 03 03 03 03
8.0 Dry lightning impulse withstand voltage 03 03 03 03
test (Clause 6.1 of IEC 61109)
9.0 Wet Power Frequency test (Clause 6.2 of 03 03 03 03
IEC 61109)
10.0 Wet Power Frequency max withstand
voltage test
NOTE: The galvanization test shall be conducted on each type of insulator, on 3 samples of metal
fittings of the insulators broken in the mechanical load test and mechanical performance
test. This test shall be conducted on 3 samples of the hook in case of stay arm insulator.
4.2.2 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR DESIGN/TYPE TESTS
4.2.2.1 A single batch of insulators and test specimens manufactured and offered for design
tests in accordance with Clause: 4.1 should pass all the type tests as stipulated above.
4.2.2.2 The bulk manufacturing of the insulator shall be taken up, only after approval of the
original tracings of drawings, incorporating changes, if any, necessitated during the type
tests and clear written approval of the results of the tests on the prototype is
communicated by the Purchaser/Director General (TI), Research Designs and Standards
Organisation to the manufacturer,
4.2.2.3 The manufacturer shall stick with the same materials properties and process of
manufacture as adopted for the prototype. In no circumstances, shall materials with
other than those adopted in the design/drawings and/or during the manufacture of
prototype be used for bulk manufacture on the plea that they had been obtained prior to
the approval of the prototype.
4.2.2.4 Notwithstanding approval having been accorded to manufacture for supply of the
insulators, on the basis of the results of the type tests, RDSO can conduct tests
including destructive tests at any time during the process of bulk manufacture-without
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prior advice to the manufacturer. All facilities shall be made available to conduct such
test- without any charges.
4.2.2.5 The prototype approval shall be accorded for a period of two years only as per RDSO
policy for all the directorates. The approval of QAP shall also be valid till the expiry of
the prototype approval. Whenever renewal of the approval of prototype is sought, the
QAP shall be submitted by the manufacturer, for approval of RDSO, in case there is any
change in the design features. In addition, a mandatory quality audit shall be done
minimum twice a year for checking quality of the manufacturing process.”
4.2.2.6 Prior to giving a call to the Director General (Traction Installation) Research Designs and
Standards Organization, Lucknow for testing of the prototype (at least 15 days in
advance), manufacturer shall submit a detailed test schedule consisting of schematic
circuit diagrams for each of the tests and the number of days required to complete all
the tests at one stretch. Prior to that, it should be ensured that, prototype sample is
ready in each and every respect. Once the schedule is approved, the tests shall invariably
be done accordingly. However, during the process of type testing or even later, RDSO
reserves the right to conduct any additional test (s), besides those specified herein, on
any insulator so as to test the insulator to his satisfaction or for gaining additional
information and knowledge.
4.2.2.7 In case any dispute or disagreement arises between the manufacturer and
representative of the Director General (Traction Installation) Research Designs and
Standards Organization, Lucknow during the process of testing as regards the procedure
for type tests and/or the interpretation and acceptability of the results of type test, it
shall be brought to the notice of the Director General (Traction Installation) Research
Designs and Standards Organization, as the case may be, whose decision shall be final
and binding.
4.2.2.8 The insulator shall be visually examined to see that it is free from physical distortion of
shape, chalking(flouring), crazing and that the sleeve is free from cracks or any other
defect likely to be prejudicial to satisfactory performance in service.
4.2.2.9 The metal fittings shall be smooth without any excrescence. Before accepting the lot for
type test, the purchaser shall check all the insulators for the defects and 10% of the lot
of insulators shall be checked for these defects in case of “acceptance tests”).
4.3 ROUTINE TESTS: These tests are for the purpose of eliminating insulators
with manufacturing defects. They are conducted on every insulator offered for
acceptance.
Note: Every insulator shall pass the routine tests as given below. The manufacturer shall
conduct the tests. The Purchaser shall have the right to witness routine tests. The
manufacturer shall maintain the detailed record of the number of insulators tested,
number rejected and other essential data for the purpose of examination.
4.3.1 Routine Visual Examination: The visual examination shall be conducted as per
clause: 8.2 of IEC 61109.
8
4.3.2 Routine Mechanical Load Test: All insulators except for sectioning insulator
shall be subjected to axial tensile load of 70% of the value specified in TABLE-5 for
one minute. In case of sectioning insulator, the tensile load shall be applied 80 mm
eccentric as indicated in Fig. If any insulator cracks or its metal fittings loosen or
deform or crack, it shall be rejected. Every insulator passing the routine mechanical
load test shall be affixed with a clear label or stamp on the end fitting indicating
that it has passed routine mechanical load test.
4.4 ACCEPTANCE TESTS:
4.4.1 These tests are for the purpose of verifying the mechanical characteristics as well as the
required properties of the FRP and sleeve material of insulator and other characteristics
as considered necessary, to ensure quality of manufacturing and the material used. The
following tests including tests specified in IEC 61109 & some additional tests, shall
constitute part of acceptance tests to be conducted on the insulators selected in random
from the lot offered for acceptance.
Table -3
S N Name of the test Clause of the spec. Qty

1. Visual examination IEC 61109 100% of sample
size
2. Verification of dimensions RDSO approved drg. 3 Nos.
3. Verification of the specified Clause 7.4 of IEC 61109 33% of sample
mechanical load size
4 Bending load test 33% of sample
size
5 Mechanical performance test IEC 575 33% of sample
size
6. Dry power frequency withstand IS-2071 ( at 100Kv(rms)) 5% of offered
voltage test for one minute. quantity
7. Galvanization test. ETI/OHE/13 (4/84) 3 Nos.
8. Analysis of material properties ***
a Hardness (Shore A) ASTM D 2240 3 No
b Specific gravity ASTM D 792
*** Tests to be conducted on the specimen prepared according to standards indicated.

NOTE:- i) While conducting the bending test, mechanical performance test and tensile test,
the load shall be increased until the failing load is reached and its value recorded.
ii) The visual examination shall be conducted on 10% of the lot offered, thereafter,
other acceptance tests shall be conducted on the randomly selected samples from
the lot offered for acceptance tests. If any failure occurs in the visual
9
examination, a further quantity of 20% of the lot shall be visually examined. If any
insulator fails in the retest, the entire lot shall be rejected.
iii) Further the dry power frequency voltage withstand test shall be conducted on at
least 5% of the offered quantity at 100 kV (r.m.s.) for one minute in vertical
position of the insulator as per IS; 2071 latest/IEC- 61109.
4.4.2 In case of stay arm each insulator shall be checked for the diameter of transverse holes,
distance between the transverse holes, distance of these holes from the ends of metal
fittings, using suitable gauges. In case of bracket insulator, each insulator shall be checked
for the machining of the hole as per the relevant drawing using suitable gauges and U bolts.
4.4.3 The sample size shall be 1.5% of the quantity offered subject to a minimum of 6 picked up
at random in accordance with the above sample size and shall be equally distributed for
tensile, bending & mechanical performance tests.
4.4.4 Each hook shall be checked for eye hole gap, diameter of thread and length of the threaded
portion as per drawing using suitable “Go and No Go gauges”. The measurement of specified
pitch of the threads of stay arm insulator hook and hook side metal fitting shall be checked
on 20% quantity of each lot.
4.4.5 The following shall form part of the acceptance test report.
• A certificate by the Inspecting official in regard to the effect that he has checked the
records of the routine tests conducted by the manufacturer and found in line with the test
results submitted to inspecting officials.
• A statement from the manufacturer, countersigned by the Inspecting Official, showing the
rejection rate of insulators in the routine tests conducted by the manufacturer for each lot
offered.
• The following documents shall be provided by the manufacturer at the time of
type/acceptance test for Silicon compound & FRP rod.
1) Name and trade mark of manufacturer.

2) Product data sheet/Test certificate.
Any other information required by the purchaser.
4.5 Formation lot of insulators: All the insulators of the same type and design manufactured
under identical conditions of production shall be offered for acceptance. A lot may consist
of the whole or part of the quantity ordered.
4.6 Batch of Insulators: A batch of insulators shall be the complete number of insulators
manufactured from one type of silicon rubber/FRP rod procured in one stretch for the
purpose of conducting prescribed type tests, during the process of inspection and testing of
prototype. The required number of test specimens for the purpose has to be manufactured.
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5.0 DRAWINGS AND THEIR APPROVAL
5.1 The supplier shall submit three prints each of the following drawings showing all the details
in scale 1:1, separately for each type of insulator (in the proforma for the drawing enclosed)
as per Railway Standards in sizes of 210mmx297mm or any integral multiple thereof for
approval for the purpose of prototype test only.
• Assembly drawing of the insulator.
• FRP Core drawing.
• Metal fittings drawings.
5.2.1 The drawings approved for the prototype tests only shall be modified, if need be, as a
result of changes necessitated during testing or as desired by RDSO. The modification shall
be first got approved and then incorporated in drawing duly signed by the representative of
Director General (Traction Installation) Research Designs and Standards Organization,
Lucknow. If there are no modification at all, the drawings approved for prototype tests
shall be treated as final.
6.0 ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS:
6.1 The insulators shall conform to essential dimensions shown in fig. 1 to 9 for
interchangeability. The method of fixing of the metal fittings to the FRP core shall be as
per RDSO’s approved drawings.
6.2 It shall cover the entire dimensional parameters characterizing of the insulator profile &
shall generally conform to IEC Publication 60815-1986& IS:13134.
7.0 Marking: Each insulator shall be legibly and indelibly marked during moulding. The marking
on the sheath of the core should be with 4/5mm figures while that on sheds shall be with
6mm figures to show the following.:
a) Name or trade mark of the manufacturer (on the core at the time of moulding)
b) Month and year of manufacture on sheds by screen printing, which should not get
wiped out during the life of the insulator.
8.0 Packaging: The insulators shall be securely packed first with thick polythene bag and
same should be kept inside 7 ply (140-120-120-120-120-120-140) } cardboard box having 75
mm thickness thermocol at both the ends of box. Appropriate hole to support the metal
fitting should be made in the thermocol. Care shall be taken to ensure that sheds of all the
four insulator should not touch each other and from the walls of the box. It shall be
ensured that there is no damage to sheds during loading & transportation. Not more than
four insulators shall be packed in a box, so as to facilitate manual loading and unloading. The
manufacturer shall provide instructions regarding handling & storage to be taken during
transportation & at site along with the supplies.
9.0 STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
Electrical tests shall , however, be carried out under conditions obtaining at the time of the
tests. The barometric pressure, air temperature and humidity at the time of tests shall be
recorded for the purpose of calculating the corrections to test voltage in accordance with
Appendix B.
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10.0 REQUIREMENTS OF ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL PARAMETERS
10.1 Voltages for High voltage tests :The values of voltages at Standard Atmospheric
Conditions for the various high voltage tests on the insulators shall be as given in TABLE-4.
TABLE-4
VALUES OF VOLTAGES FOR HIGH VOLTAGE TESTS
Type of Visible Wet Power frequency Dry lightning impulse

insulator discharge withstand voltage test withstand voltage test
test Insulator Insulator Positive wave Negative
KV (rms) vertical horizontal kV (peak) wave kV
kV (rms) kV (rms) (peak)
1 2 3 4 5 6
Stay arm 35 100 125 240 260
Bracket tube 35 100 125 240 260
9-tonne 35 100 125 240 260
Operating rod 35 100 125 240 260
Post 35 100 - 240 260
Sectioning 35 - 125 240 260
Note: These values apply to all standard, polluted and heavily polluted zone insulators.
10.2 Minimum Mechanical Failing Loads and Bending and Torsional Moments: The minimum
mechanical failing loads and bending and torsional moments shall be in accordance with
TABLE-5.
TABLE-5
MINIMUM MECHANICAL FAILING LOADS AND BENDING AND TORSIONAL MOMENTS.
Type of Tension Tension with 80mm Bending Torsional moment

insulator (kgf) eccentricity of load moment (kgf.m)
(kgf) (kgf.m)
1 2 3 4 5
Stay arm 7000 - 200 -
Bracket tube 7000 - 200 -
9-tonne 11000 - 210 -
Operating rod 2200 - 70 -
Post 6000 - 370 550
Sectioning - 5000 - -
11.0 After Sales Service.
11.1 The manufacturer shall make necessary arrangements for closely monitoring the
performance of the insulators through periodical visits to the offices of the consignees to
whom, the insulators have been dispatched for interaction with the operating and
maintenance personnel of the Indian Railways.
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11.2 The manufacturer shall respond promptly and in a workman-like manner to any call given by
Indian Railways for any assistance by way of attending to failures, investigation into the
causes of the failures including tests, to be done and such other items with a view to seeing
that the insulator serves the purpose for which it is intended.
12.0 This specification supersedes the earlier Specification No. TI/SPC/OHE/INSCOM/0991

issued on 03.05.2005.
☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺
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APPENDIX “A”
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF TESTS
1.1 Tests on interfaces & connections of metal fittings.
1.1.1 Test specimens and preliminary tests: Three Insulators assembled on the
production line shall be tested. The insulation length (metal to metal spacing shall not
be less than 800 mm. Both metal fittings shall be the same as on standard production
insulators. The metal fittings shall be assembled so that the insulating part from the
fitting to the closest shed shall be identical to that of the production line insulator.
The insulators shall be examined visually and it shall be checked that the dimensions
conform with the drawing. They shall then be subjected to the mechanical routine test
according to 8.3 of IEC E 1109.
1.1.2 Dry Power Frequency Voltage Test: On the three specimens, the dry power
frequency flashover voltage shall be determined, by averaging five flashover voltages on
each specimen. The average flashover voltage shall be corrected to normal standard
atmospheric conditions as mentioned in IEC 60-1/Appendix `B’ (attached). The
flashover voltage shall be obtained by increasing the voltage linearly from zero within 1
min.
1.1.3 Pre stressing: The tests shall be carried out on the three specimens in the sequence
as indicated below.
1.1.4 Sudden load release test: The three insulators shall be mounted in the testing
equipment. The temperature inside the chamber shall be set to -20o C to - 25oC . Every
test specimen is subjected to five sudden load releases from a tensile load amounting to
30% of the specified mechanical load.
1.1.5 Thermal Mechanical Test: This test shall be done on three insulators in
accordance with Clause5.1.3.2 of IEC 61109.
1.1.6 Water immersion test : The three insulators subjected to Thermal

Mechanical test as per clause 1.1.5 shall be kept immersed in a vessel, in boiling
deionized water with 0.1% by weight of Na Cl. for 42 hours. After completion of 42
hours, the samples should be left in the vessel until the water cools down to about 50o
C and maintained at this temperature in the equipment till verification test start in the
following sequence.
5.1.4. Verification tests : The time interval between the following tests i.e. visual
examination, steep front impulse voltage test and dry power frequency voltage test shall
be such that the verification tests are completed within 48 hours.
5.1.4. Visual Examination : The housing of each specimen is inspected visually. No

cracks/damage are permissible.
14
5.1.4. Steep front impulse voltage test: The test specimens are to be fitted with sharp
edged electrodes (consisting of clips e.g. made of a copper strip approximately 20 mm
wide and less than 1 mm thick). These electrodes are fitted firmly around the housing
between sheds so positioned to form sections of about 500 mm or smaller. The voltage
shall be applied to the original metal fittings in case of insulators with an insulation
length smaller than or equal to 500 mm.
An impulse voltage with a steepness of at least 1000 kV/µs shall be applied between two
neighboring electrodes or between the metal fitting and the neighboring electrode
respectively. Each section is to be stressed with 25 impulses of positive and 25 impulses
of negative polarity. Each impulse shall cause external flashover between the electrodes
& no puncture shall occur. The electrodes used to form sections shall be removed.
1.1.10 Dry Power Frequency Voltage Test: The test is to be conducted as per clause
5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109.
1.2 Assembled Core load time test:
1.2.1 Test specimens : Six insulators made on the production line shall be tested. These
insulators shall be examined visually and checked whether the major/critical dimensions
confirm with the relevant drawing.
1.2.2 Mechanical load Test: This test is to be performed in two parts at ambient
temperature.
1.2.3 Determination of the average failing load of the core of the assembled insulator:
Three of the specimens shall be subjected to tensile load. The tensile load shall be
increased rapidly but smoothly from zero to 75% of the expected mechanical failing load
and then gradually to be increased in a time between 30 seconds to 90 seconds until
breakage of the core or complete pull out occurs. Any test leading eventually to a failure
of the couplings shall be ignored. The average of the three failing load shall be calculated.
1.2.4 Control of the slope of the strength time curve of the insulator:
The remaining three specimens shall be subjected to a tensile load, which shall be increased
rapidly but smoothly from zero to 70% of the average failing load, as calculated in clause
1.2.3 and then maintained at this value for 96 hours. without failure.
1.3. Tracking & erosion test. :
1000 hrs test: This shall be part of design test & shall be carried out as per
clause 5.3 of IEC 61109 – 1992 (3) with amendment –1-1995-04. The test is regarded as
passed, if no more than three over current trip-outs occur for each specimen tested, if no
tracking occurs, if erosion does not reach the glass fiber core and if no sheds are
punctured. The core shall not be visible & shall maintain hydrophobicity. There should not
be any crazing, chalking, cutting etc.
15
5000 hrs test: 1000 hour test should be further carried out for 5000 hrs to check
the tracking and erosion property for 1600mm creepage distance insulator & shall be a
part of design test
Note : (i)The test of housing – Tracking & erosion test need not to be repeated, if the material of
the sleeve is same for other types of insulator offered. Similarly, the test for core
material need not be repeated for other type of insulators, if the material for glass fibre
is same for other types of insulators offered.
(ii) Several interruptions of the test for inspection purposes each of these not exceeding 15
min are permissible, interruption periods will not be counted in the test duration.
1.4 Test for the core material: To check the performance of core material against
water penetration, the following test shall be carried out.
1.4.1 Dye Penetration Test: Ten samples shall be cut from a production line insulator
o
making the cut at 90 C to the axis of the core with a diamond coated circular saw blade
under running cold water. The length of the samples shall be 10 mm +/- 0.5 mm. The cut
surfaces shall be smoothened by means of fine abrasive cloth (Grain size 180). The cut
surfaces shall be clean and parallel.
The specimens are placed (fibers vertical) on a layer of steel or glass balls of same
diameter (1 mm to 2 mm) in a glass vessel. A dye, 1% alcohol solution of fuchsin (1 gm
fuchsin in 100 gm ethanol) is poured into the vessel, its level being 2 mm to 3 mm higher
than the level of the balls. The dye can rise by capillarity through the core. The time taken
for the dye to rise through the specimens shall be measured. The time taken for the dye to
rise through the specimens shall be longer than 15 minutes.
1.4.2 Water diffusion Test : Six samples shall be cut from a production line insulator, making
the cut at 90o to the axis of the core with a diamond-coated circular saw blade under
running cold water. The length of the sample shall be 30 mm +/- 0.5 mm. The cut surfaces
shall be smoothed by means of fine abrasive cloth (Grain size 180 ). The cut surface shall
be cleaned & parallel. The surfaces of the specimens’ material shall be cleaned with
isopropyl – alcohol and filter paper immediately before boiling. The specimen of only one
core will be boiled in a glass container for 100 h+/- 0.5 hour in deionized water with 0.1% by
weight of NaCl. After boiling, the specimens shall be removed from the glass container
and placed in another glass container filled with tap water at ambient temperature for at
least 15 min. All the six specimens will be subjected to a voltage test by putting between
the electrodes in accordance with clause 5.4.2.3 of IEC 61109 within the next 3 hours after
the removal of the specimens from the boiling container. During the test, no puncture or
surface flashover shall occur. The current during the whole test shall not exceed 1 milli
Amp(r.m.s).
1.5 Visual examination:
The insulator shall be visually examined to see that it is free form physical distortion of
shape and the surface is free from cracks, chalking, crazing or any other defect likely. The
visual defects shall not exceed the limits permissible for the appropriate class of insulator
16
as specified in IEC : 61109 to be prejudicial to satisfactory performance in service. The

metal fittings shall be smooth without any excrescence.
1.6 Verification of dimensions: The dimensions of the insulator shall be verified to see that
they are in accordance with the approved drawings. Unless otherwise specified, a tolerance
of +/- (0-03 d+0-3) mm shall be permissible on any dimension of the housing only, ‘d’ being
the dimension in mm.
1.7 Galvanisation test: The uniformity, adherence and mass of zinc coating shall be tested
in accordance with specification No.ETI/OHE/13 (4/84) and the results of the tests shall
meet the requirements specified. The mass of zinc coating shall be as specified in clause
3.3.3. of the specification.
1.8 Mechanical Load Time test: This test shall be performed on three specimens picked up
from production line or three core samples with metal fittings at ambient temperature to
confirm the specified mechanical load (SML) of the insulator after the application of a
tensile load of 70% of SML & this load maintained for 96 hours. Each specimen shall have a
length between metal fittings of atleast 10 times the core diameter. Test shall be
performed in accordance with clause 6.4.2 of IEC 61109.During /after the test no failure
(breakage or complete pull out of the core or fracture of the metal fittings) occurs.
1.9 Analysis of material properties
1.9.1 Housing material : The following tests shall be conducted on housing material according to
the specifications.
S.No. Test Reference Spec. Specified value.

1 Resistance to tracking & erosion IEC : 60587 Min. 4.5
2 Tear strength (KN/m) ASTM D 624-B Min. 12
3 Volume resistively IEC 60093
Min. 1x10 13
4 Resistance to weathering & UV ASTM G53-96 No crack is to be
observed in the test
duration of 96
hours.
5 Arc Resistance ASTM-495-1973 >200 sec.
6 Specific gravity ASTM D 792 1.52 to 1.58
7 Dielectric strength in kV/mm ASTM D 149/IEC 17.5
60243
8 Hardness (Shore A) ASTM D 2204 68 ± 7
9 Ultimate elongation ASTM D 412 Min 100
10 Tensile strength ASTM D 412 Min. 40 kg/sqcm
11. Limiting oxygen Index ASTM D 2863 40% min.
1.9.2 Core Material : The following specified values should be achieved in the tests conducted
on specimens
17
S.No. Test Reference Spec. Specified value.

1 Verification of dimensions As per approved drawing. As per approved
drawing.
2 Bending tests As per RDSO 210 kgfm (min)
Spec.No.ETI/OHE/15(9/91)
3 Dye penetration test. IEC61109 (Clause 5.4.1) No dye penetration for
15 minutes (min)
4 Percentage of glass ASTM D2584 70% (min.)
content.
5 Hardness test (Bacol) ASTM D2583 50 min
6 Water absorption IEC 61109, ASTM D 570 0.1 % max.
7 Specific gravity ASTM D 792 1.9 to 2.1
8 Brittle fracture resistance As per procedure given in Shall withstand
test. Para 1.15
1.10 Mechanical failing load tests: These tests shall comprise tensile, bending, eccentric
loading and torsion tests.
1.10.1 Tensile load test: This test shall be done on all the insulators except the sectioning
insulator. The load shall be applied to the insulator in line with its axis. It shall be
increased at a rate agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser to 70% of the
specified minimum tensile failing load. It shall be maintained at this value for one minute
and then raised at the same rate until separation or breakage of metal fittings or total
breakage of the insulator occurs. The separation or any permanent deformation in the
insulator and its components shall not occur before the load reaches the minimum tensile
failing load specified in TABLE-5.
1.10.2 Bending tests: This test shall be done on all the insulators except the sectioning
insulator. One end of the insulator shall be rigidly fixed in a suitable fixture so as not to
cause the failure of the metal fitting of this end during the test, which is for the composite
shell only. The load shall be applied to the other end of the insulator in line with the
diameter and in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the insulator and shall be increased
at a rate agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser to 70% of the specified
minimum failing bending moment, taking into account the distance between the top of the
fixture and the point at which the load is applied. It shall be maintained at this value for
one minute and then raised at the same rate until the total breakage of the insulator metal
fittings or separation occurs. The failing bending moment shall be calculated by multiplying
the value of the load in kgf and the distance from the point of application of load to the
point of breakage in m and this value shall be not less than the minimum bending moment
specified in TABLE-5.
1.10.3 Mechanical Performance Test: This test shall be done on all the insulators in
accordance with Clause 4 of IEC Publication 575. The insulators shall be subjected to a
tensile load (eccentric tensile load in the case of sectioning insulator) equal to 70% of the
specified minimum failing load and immediately removed. This shall be done 4 times in quick
succession. Thereafter the insulator shall be subjected to the tensile test (eccentric
18
tensile tests in the case of sectioning insulator) in accordance with Clause 1.10.1. The
separation or breakage of the metal fittings or the total breakage of the insulator or any
permanent deformation in the insulator and its components shall occur not below the
specified minimum failing load specified in TABLE-5. In case of the sectioning insulator, the
line of application of the load shall be 80mm away from and parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the insulator.
Note: (1) The choice of the end to be fixed rigidly shall be left to the manufacturer.
(2) The recommended rates of increase of load in the tensile and bending tests as per IEC
are:
Tensile test : 200 to 300 kgf/s
Bending test : 15 to 30 kfg/s
1.10.4 Eccentric loading test: This test shall be done only on the sectioning insulator. The
load shall be applied by means of suitable jigs such that the line of application of the load is
80 mm away from and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the insulator. Care shall be taken
to ensure that during the test, the jigs do not move and the distance of the load from the
centerline of the insulator does not become less than 80 mm. The load shall be increased at
a rate agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser to 70% of the specified
minimum eccentric tensile failing load. It shall be maintained at this value for one minute
and then raised at the same rate until separation or breakage of metal fittings or total
breakage of the insulator occurs. The separation of metal fittings or total breakage of the
insulator or any permanent deformation in the insulator and its components shall not occur
before the load reaches the minimum eccentric tensile failing load specified in TABLE-5
1.10.5 Torsion test: This test shall be done only on the post insulator. The insulator shall
be subjected to a torsional load of the lever arm used for imparting the torsion, the load
corresponding to the minimum torsional failing moment shall be calculated and 70% of the
value of load so calculated shall be gradually applied at the end of the lever arm and
maintained at that value for one minute. The load shall then be raised at the same rate till
breakage of the insulator shell takes place. The moment shall be calculated with torsional
the load at which the insulator breaks by multiplying the load and the lever arm length and
that breakage shall occur at torsional moment not less than the minimum specified in
TABLE-5.
1.11. Analysis of material properties (Type & acceptance) : the tests for material
properties shall confirm to table:2 & the test for acceptance tests shall confirm to table:3.
1.12 Visible discharge test :The room in which the test is to be done shall be darkened
completely and a period of at least five minutes shall be allowed for the observer to become
accustomed to the darkness. A power frequency voltage of the value specified in TABLE-4
shall be applied in accordance with the procedure laid down in Appendix ‘C’ and maintained at
that value for five minutes. During this period, there shall be no signs of visible corona.
The voltage shall then be raised gradually and the value at which corona first appears shall
be recorded. The voltage shall then be reduced gradually, and the value at which the corona
just disappears shall also be recorded.
19
1.13 Dry lightning impulse withstand voltage test: The insulator shall be tested dry
under the conditions described in Appendix “C”. The impulse generator shall be adjusted to
apply a standard 1.2/50 wave at the specified impulse withstand voltage adjusted for the
atmospheric conditions at the time of test. Fifteen such voltage waves shall be applied to
the insulator. If there is no flashover or puncture, the insulator shall be deemed to have
passed the test. However, two flashovers on the external insulation is permissible. The
insulator shall pass the impulse withstand voltage test with voltages of both positive and
negative polarity. The insulators shall not be damaged by these tests, but slight marks on
the surface of the metal fitting shall be permissible. The original oscillograms recorded
during the test shall form part of the type test report.
1.14 Wet Power frequency withstand voltage test and wet power frequency maximum
voltage test.:The insulator shall be arranged as described in Appendix “C” and exposed for
at least 1 minute before application of voltage and throughout the test the artificial rain
produced in accordance with Clause 3.3 of IS:2071 (Part-I). The test voltage to be applied
to the insulator shall be the specified wet power conditions at the time of test. A voltage
of about 75% of the test voltage so determined shall be applied and then increased
gradually to reach the test voltage shall be maintained at this value for 1 minute. The
insulator shall not flashover or punctures while the test voltage is applied.
The test shall then be repeated at successively higher voltage in step of 2.5 kV or 5
kV until the insulator is unable to withstand the applied voltage for a period of 1 minute.
The voltage, corrected as described in Appendix “B”, of the test immediately preceding the
last test shall be taken as the maximum wet power frequency withstand voltage.
1.15 Brittle fracture:

1.15.1 Brittle fracture results due to exposure of mechanically stressed Glass fiber in the rod, to
an acidic medium & thereby leads to stress corrosion cracking. Factors that plays a role in
brittle fracture failure are , the quality of bonding between Glass fibers and the resin
matrix, poor quality of glass resin interface i.e. containing voids or an uneven resin
distribution etc. Protection of glass fibers is key to improved brittle fracture resistance at
the microscopic level.
1.15.2 This test should be conducted on bare FRP rod. The rod should be crimped with metal
fitting & load to the tune of 80% of SML should be applied for 96 hours. To check the
influence of stress in the end fittings & FRP rod and evaluation of brittleness of FRP rods,
FRP rod at the middle is fully dipped in 1 N HNO3 and under 80% SML Tensile load for 96
hours as shown in fig – A below
Metal fitting Metal fitting

FRP Rod
80% SML Tensile Load 1n HNO3
20
1.15.3 The sample is considered as pass if the rod does not indicate any sign of crack on its
surface during & after 96 hour duration (& should also withstand 210 kgfm bending moment
after 96 hours.) To be removed.
2.0 The schedule for number of insulators and specimens to be subjected for each test
mentioned above shall be got approved from Director General/TI, RDSO, Manak Nagar,
Lucknow – 226 011.
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21
APPENDIX “B”
CORRECTION OF TEST VOLTAGES FOR ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
A - 1. GENERAL : Variation in barometric pressure and humidity of the atmosphere
cause variation in the electric strength of the air and hence in the flashover voltage of
an insulator exposed to atmosphere.
A-2. CORRECTION FACTORS: When the atmospheric conditions around an insulator during
test differ from the reference conditions, adjustment are required to be made to
certain of the test voltages by the application of the following correction factors in
accordance with TABLE-A-1 at the end of this Appendix.
a) Correction factor (d) for air density:
D = 0.289 p ( d lies between 0.95 and 1.05)
273 + t
When P = atmospheric pressure in mbar, and t = temperature in oC
For a wider range of density and for higher accuracy, the factor k shall be used instead of
factor d. The values of factor k corresponding to various values of factor d are given below:
d K
0.70 0.72
0.75 0.77
0.80 0.82
0.85 0.86
0.90 0.91
0.95 0.95
1.00 1.00
1.05 1.05
1.10 1.09
1.15 1.13
b) Correction factor (h) for humidity: Figure: A-1 attached gives the values of absolute humidity value for wet
and dry bulb temperatures (when the velocity of air over the wet bulb exceeds 3 m/s) for the
standard atmospheric pressure of 1013 mbar. For better accuracy, a correction should be applied to
the absolute humidity value obtained from Figure:A-1 for any deviation of ambient atmospheric
pressure from the standard value of 1013 mbar. This correction is obtained from figure:A-2 as
follows:-
Locate the point corresponding to the deviation of ambient atmospheric pressure from 1013
mbar on the left hand side of Figure: A-2B and join it with the right hand side top corner by a
straight line. Then locate the point on the curve in Figure: A- 2A corresponding to the observed value
of the difference of dry and wet bulb temperatures. Drawn a vertical line through this point to
intersect the straight line drawn in Figure: A-2B. Read the correction to be applied to humidity from
the right hand side of Figure: A-2B corresponding to the point of intersection. The correction is
positive for a positive deviation and negative for negative deviation from the standard atmospheric
pressure.
For the corrected value of absolute humidity thus obtained, the correction factor (h) of
TABLE A-1 shall be determined from Figure: A-3.
TABLE A-1
CORRECTION OF VOLTAGES FOR ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
22
TYPE OF TEST ADJUSTMENT REQUIRED.

Dry lightning impulse withstand voltage Voltage applied shall be the appropriate value specified in TABLE- 4
multiplied by k and divided by h.
Wet power frequency withstand voltage Voltage applied shall be the appropriate value specified in TABLE- 4
multiplied by k..
Wet power frequency maximum Measured voltage shall be divided by k.
withstand voltage
APPENDIX “C”
HIGH VOLTAGE TESTS.
B-1. ARRANGEMENT OF INSULATOR.

B-1-0 GENERAL – The insulator shall be clean and dry and in thermal equilibrium with its
surroundings.
B-1.1 Insulators tested in vertical position:

B-1.1.1 The insulators shall be hung vertically from an earthed support by means of a wire rope
or metal rod. The distance between the top of the insulator metal fittings and the point
of support shall be not less than 1 m. At the lower end of the insulator shall be attached,
if required, a metallic rod of weight adequate to ensure that the insulator remains in
vertical position during test.
B-1.1.2 No object shall be nearer to the axis of the insulator than 1 m or 1.5 times the length of
the insulator whichever is the greater.
B-1.1.3 The test voltage shall be applied between the metal rod at the bottom of the insulator
and the earthed point of suspension.
B-1.2 Insulators tested in horizontal position:
B-1.2.1 The insulator shall be anchored by means of a cable or metal rod connected to earth.
The distance between the top of the insulator metal fitting and the point of anchorage
shall be not less than 1 m.
B-1.2.2 The other end of the insulator shall be provided with a metal trod about 1 m long and the
whole arrangement maintained in an approximately horizontal position by any convenient
means.
B-1.2.3 No object shall be nearer to the axis of the insulator than 1 m or 1.5 times the length of
the insulator whichever is the greater.
B- 1.2.4 The test voltage shall be applied between the end of the metal rod and the earthed point
of anchorage.
B-2 HIGH VOLTAGE TEST
B-2.1 The high voltage test shall be conducted in accordance with IS: 2071 (Part I to
III).
B-3 PRECAUTIONS AGAINST EXCESSIVE HUMIDITY:
B-3.1 Special precautions shall be taken to avoid condensation on the surface of the
insulator when the relative humidity is high. For example, the insulator shall be
maintained at the ambient temperature at the test location for a sufficient period to
attain thermal equilibrium before commencing the test. Except by agreement between
23
the manufacturer and the purchaser, the test shall not be made if the relative humidity
exceeds 85%.
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24

Ministry of Railways Manak Nagar, Lucknow 226 011

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Ministry of Railways Manak Nagar, Lucknow 226 011

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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

SPECIFICATION No. TI/SPC/OHE/INSCOM/1070

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR SILICONE COMPOSITE INSULATORS

S N Relevant Item description

x. IEC 61467 AC Power arc test on insulator sets.

3.0 Basic features: Silicon composite insulator should be manufactured according to

3.3 End FITTINGS

2. Assembled Core Load time test.

4.2 TYPE TESTS

(vii) Arc Resistance 01 01 01 01

4.2.2 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR DESIGN/TYPE TESTS

4.4 ACCEPTANCE TESTS:

S N Name of the test Clause of the spec. Qty

8. Analysis of material properties ***

a Hardness (Shore A) ASTM D 2240 3 No

b Specific gravity ASTM D 792

*** Tests to be conducted on the specimen prepared according to standards indicated.

1) Name and trade mark of manufacturer.

Any other information required by the purchaser.

5.0 DRAWINGS AND THEIR APPROVAL

9.0 STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS

10.0 REQUIREMENTS OF ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL PARAMETERS

Type of Visible Wet Power frequency Dry lightning impulse

Type of Tension Tension with 80mm Bending Torsional moment

11.0 After Sales Service.

12.0 This specification supersedes the earlier Specification No. TI/SPC/OHE/INSCOM/0991

1.1 Tests on interfaces & connections of metal fittings.

1.1.6 Water immersion test : The three insulators subjected to Thermal

5.1.4. Visual Examination : The housing of each specimen is inspected visually. No

1.2 Assembled Core load time test:

1.3. Tracking & erosion test. :

1.5 Visual examination:

as specified in IEC : 61109 to be prejudicial to satisfactory performance in service. The

1.9 Analysis of material properties

S.No. Test Reference Spec. Specified value.

S.No. Test Reference Spec. Specified value.

1.15 Brittle fracture:

Metal fitting Metal fitting

80% SML Tensile Load 1n HNO3

TYPE OF TEST ADJUSTMENT REQUIRED.

B-1. ARRANGEMENT OF INSULATOR.

B-1.1 Insulators tested in vertical position:

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