Differential pressure is essentially the difference in pressure between two given points.

It is a type of pressure measured within different industries using differential pressure

sensors.  

A differential pressure can be measured between two points on independent systems or

between two different points on the same system.

here are 3 common types of pressure;

Differential Pressure

Gauge Pressure

Absolute pressure  

Gauge pressure refers to the difference between a measured point and the atmosphere.
Absolute pressure is the combined pressure of the atmosphere and the measured point.
Differential pressure is more complex than Gauge or Absolute pressure as it has two
variables.

What are differential Pressure switches?

Differential pressure switches are mechanical devices used for sensing the difference
between two measured points.

Differential pressure switches have two ports which are connected to the two pressure
sources. When connected to the pressure sources, the differential pressure switch will
monitor the difference in the pressure between them, when the pressure reaches a set
point the switch will either make or break a circuit as the internal diaphragm deflects
under pressure making contact – either SPST or SPDT. This will trigger an alarm to
alert the user that the pressure has changed. The setpoint in a pressure switch can be
either pre-set or field adjustable depending on the application.

What are differential pressure switches used for?

Differential pressure switches are often used in applications for an energy saving way to
determine when a device isn’t working as it should. This also helps with planned
maintenance and safety critical applications.

Some examples of these types of applications are;

Determining the respiratory flow in medical devices

Air proving

Clogged filter detection in extractor fans

Exhaust ducts

Flue gas

Air conditioners

Air flow blockages in various devices

 
Gas pressure

Fans

 reference

Pressure sensors from Variohm