TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT WIEN

Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik

Vorlesung: Mi 10:15h - 12:00h, EI 9 Hlawka HS
Übungen: Mi 13h - 17h, Fr 14h - 15h, SR351 (Gusshausstr. 27-29) & SR362 (Gusshausstr. 25-25a)

Halbleiterphysik
Wintersemester 2017/18

Exercise sheet 2
(alle Aufgaben mit Unterlagen)

Example 5: Orthogonality of eigenfunctions

The solutions of the Schrödinger equation are orthonormal, that means that they fulll the following relation:
Z ∞
ϕ∗n (x)ϕm (x)dx = 0 if n 6= m bzw. 1 if n=m (1)
−∞

Show that the eigenfunctions of the innitely deep potentialwell ϕn are orthonormal.
nπx
(2)
p
ϕn (x) = 2/L sin( ) (with 0 ≤ x ≤ L; 0 elsewhere)
L

cos(x−y)−cos(x+y)
Tip: sin(x) · sin(y) = 2

Example 6: Uncertainty principle

a) The velocity of an electron is measured to be v=200 m/s. The measurement accuracy is 0.05%. How accurately
can the position of the electron be determined?
b) Determine the uncertainty of the position of a C60 molecule that travels at the same velocity, as well as for
a projectile with a mass of m=100 grams.
c) In which one of the 3 cases do we have take into account Heisenberg's uncertainty principle?
d) Show that the two Heisenberg-relations ∆p∆x ≥ h̄ and ∆E∆t ≥ h̄ are equivalent.

TU Wien - Halbleiterphysik (362.069, 2018W, VU, 3.0h, 4.0ECTS) 1

Example 7:
A particle with mass m and energy E is coming from x = −∞ and is scattered at a potential barrier of height
V and width d. The potential is given by

for x < 0

0

V (x) = V for 0 ≤ x ≤ d
for x > d

0


(a) Write down the Schrödinger equation in the regions I, II and III.
(b) Which Ansatz do you make for the wavefunction ψ(x) in the regions I, II and III if i) the energy of the
particle is smaller than V and ii) if it is larger?
(c) What are the boundary counditions of the wavefunction ψ(x) at x = 0 and x = d for E > V? Use the
boundary conditions to derive a set of equations, which can be used to solve the Schrödinger equation for
the wavefunction.

Beispiel 8:
Continuation of example 7.
(a) Solve the Schrödinger equation using the set of equations derived in example 7. Tip: the amplitude of the
impinging wave can be set to 1.
(b) Calculate both the transmission T as well as the reexion R of the particle. Tip: the transmission is given by
the absolute square of the amplitude of the transmitted wave in region III and the reexion by the absolute
square of the reected wave in region I.
(c) Sketch the transmission as function of the barrier thickness d. Why does the transmission oscillate?
(d) Show that T + R = 1.

TU Wien - Halbleiterphysik (362.069, 2018W, VU, 3.0h, 4.0ECTS) 2