* +, = -

+, = - –( - = - – +

+, =- - ) –- –

+, = - = $% - $)

/012
Efficiency . =
34

Boiler:-

Important terms / components of a boiler:-

(1) Boiler shell: - It is made of steel plates, Which is rolled & joined by welding or riveting
process. This shell is used for containing water & steam.
(2) Combustion chamber:- It is situated just below the boiler shell and inside the
combustion chamber fuel is burned. It is made of concrete, refectory materials & fire
bricks.
(3) Grate:- It is made of long cast iron bars or rods. Generally spacing is provided between
these bars for flow of air (oxygen) to burning of fuel. fuel or coal is placed on the grate.
(4) Furnace:- The portion below the boiler shell & above the grate , where actually fuel
burns is called furnace. it is also called firebox.
(5) Ash pit:- It is situated just below the grate, after burning the fuel ash deposit in the ash
pit & it draws outside from ash pit.
(6) Heating surface: - Heat is produced by burning of fuel. If heat goes directly to the boiler
shell than boiler shell is heating surface.

Sometimes water tubes are placed inside the boiler & heat is directed to the water tubes. in this
case water tubes are known as heating surface.