CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE

ANSWERS

1
1. A atom are eight corners of the cube. Hence no. of A atoms = 8 × =1
8
6
B atoms are at the face centre of six faces. Hence no. of B atoms  3
2

The formula is AB3

2. (a) In a body centred cubic lattice, oppositely charged ions touch each other along the cross

s
diagonal of the cube. So, we can write,

sse
3 3
2r+ + 2r– = 3a  r+ + r– = a= (387 pm) = 335.15 pm
2 2

la
(b) Now, since r– = 181 pm

yC
We have, r+= (335.15 – 181) pm = 154.15 pm
3. In a body centred unit cell, atoms touch each other along the cross diagonal.

Hence, 4r =

 a
4 4
3a
str
mi
r = (124 pm) = 286.4 pm
3 3
for BCC lattice, Z = 2, Hence
he

ZM 2  55.8
= = = 7.887  106 gm–3 = 7.886 g cm–3
-C

3
a NA (286.4  1012 )3  6.023  1023
In a face centred unit cell, atoms touch each other along the face diagonals.

Hence, 4r = 2a
R
SI

4 4
a= r= (124 pm) = 350.7 pm
2 2
O

For FCC lattice, Z = 4, hence,

4 55.8
PT

 =  = 8.89  106g m–3 = 8.89 g cm–3

(350.7  10 ) 6.023  10 23
12
DI

5. Length of the edge of unit cell = 408 pm,

Volume of unit cell = (408 pm)3 = 67.92 10–24 cm3
SU

Mass of unit cell = Density  Volume

= 10.6g cm–3  67.92  10–24 cm3 = 7.20  10–24g
Mass of unit cell = No. of atoms in unit cell  Mass of each atom

Atomic mass 108

Now, mass of each atom = = = 1.79  10–22g
Avogadro number 6.023  1023
Let the unit cell contains ‘n’ atoms, so that

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CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE

Mass of unit cell = n  1.79  10–22 = 7.20  10–22

7.20  1022
n= = 4.02,  Number of atoms present in a unit cell = 4
1.79  1022
Since the unit cell contains 4 atoms per unit cell, silver has face centred cubic lattice.

6. Concentration of cation vacancies = concentration of Sr2+ ion in the crystal

103  6.023  1023

 Number of cationic vacancies per mol =
100

s
= 6.023  1018 vacancies per mole

sse
7. As A+ B– has NaCl structure, A+ ions will be present in the octahedral voids. Ideal radius of the cation will be
equal to the radius of the octahedral void because in that case it will touch the anions and the arrangement will be

la
close packed. Hence

Radius of the octahedral void = rA  = 0.414  rB = 0.414  250 = 103.4 pm

yC
Radius of the tetrahedral site = 0.225  rB = 0.225  250 pm = 56.25 pm

8. Volume of the cube = a3 = (2r)3 = 8r3 str

As the radius of the cation C+ (180 pm) is larger than the size of the tetrahedral site, it cannot be slipped into it.
a = 2r
mi
r r

4 3 4 3
r   r 
Volume of one atom  3
he

  3 
Packing fraction = 3 = 3
Volume of the cube 8r 8r
-C


= = 0.52 a
6
 Void fraction = 1 – 0.52 = 0.48 ,  Void space = 48%
R
SI

4 3
9. Volume of one atom of Ar  r
O

3
PT

1.65
Also, No. of atoms in 1.65g =  6.023  1023
40
DI

4 3 1.65
 Total volume of all atoms of Ar in solid state  r   6.023  1023
3 40
SU

 
4 22 3
   1.54  108  6.023  1023  0.380 cm3
3 7
Volume of solid argon = 1 cm3

[1 – 0.380]
 % empty space   100 = 62%
1

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CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE

10. Volume of unit cell = a3 (2.88Å)3 = (2.88 × 10–8 cm3) = 23.887 × 10–24 cm3

Mass 288 g
Volume of 288 g of the element    40.449 cm
cm33
Density 7.12 g cm –3

Number of unit cells in the given volume of the element

volume of the element 40.449

   1.693  1024
volume of the unit cell 23.887  1024
 Each unit cell of b.c.c. lattice contains 2 atoms
 Number of atoms in 288 g of element

s
= No. of unit cells  no. of atoms per unit cell = 1.693 × 1024 × 2 = 3.386 × 1024

sse
11. To calculate Avogadro number, that is, number of NaCl formula units per mol, let us assume 1 mole of NaCl.

3
mass of 1 mole 58.5  10

la
Volume of 1 mole of NaCl    2.7  105 m3
3
density 2.17  10

yC
Volume of 1 unit cell = a3 (0.564 × 10–9)3 = 1.79 × 10 –25 m3

2.7  105
 Number of unit cells per mol  = 1.51 × 1023
1.79  1028
Since 1 unit cell of NaCl has 4 NaCl formula units,
str
mi
Avogadro number (formula units per mol) = 4 × (1.51 × 1023)
he

= 6.04 × 1023
12. In a body centred cubic unit cell, the distance between the cation and anion (r+ + r–) is related to the edge length (a)
-C

by

a 2 + ––
r+ + r––  3  , a (r(r +rr )), It is given that (r+ + r–) = 338 pm
2 3
R
SI

2 676
 a  3  338 pm  1.732  390.3 pm
O
PT
DI
SU

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