HVAC Lab Manual Wah Engineering College

Lab Experiment # 03
Objective:
Measurement of Refrigerant temperature and pressure corresponding to different stages of vapour
compression cycle.

Apparatus:
Refrigeration test Bench OSK-4568.

Introduction:
Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle:

Vapor-compression refrigeration employs a heat engine run backwards, so heat energy is taken from
a cold reservoir and deposited into a hot reservoir. This refrigeration cycle is approximately a
Rankine cycle run in reverse. A working fluid (Refrigerant) is pushed through the system and
undergoes state changes. The latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant is used to transfer large
amounts of heat energy.

Fig 1: Vapour compression refrigeration cycle

Working Principle of VCRC:

I. Compression
In this stage, the refrigerant enters the compressor as a gas under low pressure and having a low
temperature. Then, the refrigerant is compressed adiabatically, so the fluid leaves the compressor
under high pressure and with a high temperature.

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HVAC Lab Manual Wah Engineering College

II. Condensation
The high pressure, high temperature gas releases heat energy and condenses inside the
"condenser" portion of the system.

III. Throttling
The liquid refrigerant is pushed through a throttling valve, which causes it to expand. As a result,
the refrigerant now has low pressure and lower temperature, while still in the liquid phase.

IV. Evaporation
The low pressure, low temperature refrigerant enters the evaporator, which is in contact with the
cold reservoir. Because a low pressure is maintained, the refrigerant is able to boil at a low
temperature. So, the liquid absorbs heat from the cold reservoir and evaporates. The refrigerant
leaves the evaporator as a low temperature, low pressure gas and is taken into the compressor again,
back at the beginning of the cycle.
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Compression Ratio of Compressor:

It is the ratio of pressure outlet of compressor to the inlet pressure of compressor.
outletpressure of compressor
= p 2/ p 1
inlet pressure of compressor

Procedure:
1. Power on the refrigeration test bench
2. The refrigerant R-12 starts to flow. Flow rate of the refrigerant is maintained uniform by
rotameter, adjust the flow rate as per requirement.
3. On the water supply with the help of the valve and adjust the flow rate in Lr /h.
4. After some time when the process is uniform note down the temperature of condensed water.
Also note the water inlet and outlet temperatures of the water from the condenser.
5. Note down the temperature and pressure produced by the water with the help of gauges
installed on apparatus.
6. Repeat the experiment by taking reading after every 45 mints and find the pressure, also fill
the table.

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Observations And Calculations:

Compressor section temperature ¿ T 1=------------
Compressor delivery temperature ¿ T 2=------------
Condenser inlet temperature of refrigerant ¿ t 1=------------
Condenser delivery temperature of refrigerant ¿ t 2=------------
Condenser water temperature at inlet ¿ Tw 1=------------
Condenser water temperature at outlet ¿ Tw 2=------------
Evaporator delivery temperature of refrigerant at inlet ¿ te 1=------------
Evaporator delivery temperature of refrigerant ¿ te 2=------------
Water flow rate= ¿ m´=------------
Pressure at inlet to compressor ¿ P 1=------------
Pressure at outlet to compressor ¿ P 2=------------
Ice making temperature ¿ T =------------

Conclusion
 By yourself

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