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Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience
Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience
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Lesson 1:
Edgar Dale’s
Cone of
Experience
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EDGAR DALE
•1900 – 1985
• American educator
•Cone of Experience,
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Lesson Outcomes:
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1. Familiarized with Dale’s Cone of Experience and provided classroom processes or
practices that exemplify each strata of the Cone of Experience.
2. Provided examples of the various instructional materials appropriate for given
instructional contexts.
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1946
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Matter
Method
J Material
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Media
Motivation
Mastery
•A pictorial device
that presents
bands of experience
arranged according
to degree of
abstraction and not
degree of difficulty.
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Milieu
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M’s of
Teaching
Measurement
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J Direct These are first‐hand experiences
Purposeful that serves as the foundation of
Experiences our learning.
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Contrived
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These are “edited” copies of reality
and are used as substitute for real
things when it is not practical or not
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Experiences possible to bring or do the real thing
in the classroom.
These are commonly used as
Dramatized activities that allows students to
Experiences actively participate in a reconstructed
experience.
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Demonstration
J It is an actual execution
of a procedure or a
process.
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Study Trips
These are actual visits to certain
locations to observe a situation
or a case which may not be
available inside the classroom.
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Exhibits
JThese are displays that
provide the message or
information.
Television
and Motion
Pictures
This technology equipment
provide a two‐dimensional
reconstruction of a reality.
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Still Pictures,
Recordings,
Radio
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Picture ‐ an artifact that depicts
visual perception, that resembles a
subject.
Recordings – Speech or music that
have been recorded to be listened
to later.
Visual
Symbols
These are more abstract
representations of the
concept or the
information.
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Verbal
Symbols
This category appears to be the
most abstract because they
may not exactly look like the
concept or object they
represent but are symbols,
words, codes, or formulae.
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Implications of the Cone of Experience in the
teaching‐learning process:
We do not use only one medium of communication in
isolation.
We avoid teaching directly at the symbolic level of
thought without adequate foundation of the concrete.
When teaching, we don’t get stuck in the concrete.
Stages of
Representation
Enactive
A series of
Iconic
A series of
illustrations
Symbolic
A series of
symbols.
or icons.
action.
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