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 HANDBOOKS

FOB

THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT.

EDITED BY

MAX MtlLLER, M.A.

TAYLORIAN PROFESSOR OF MODERN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.
HANDBOOKS FOB THE STUDY OF SANSKEIT.
Edited by Max Muller, M.A.
<
i
THE FIRST BOOK OP THE HITOPADESA.
THE SANSKRIT TEXT OF THE FIRST BOOK.
II
THE SECOND, THIRD, AND FOURTH BOOKS OP THE HITOPADESA.
Sanskrit Text, with English Notes.
in
SANSKRIT-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. By Professor TH. Bknfky.
[In the press.
IT
A SANSKRIT GRAMMAR FOR BEGINNERS. [In preparation.

LONDON
PRINTBD BY 8POTTISWOODB AND CO.
NEW-STREET SQUARB
 /63 d 7

THE

FIKST BOOK OP THE HLTOPADESA:

University.
CONTAINING ftCHIGNiX

THE SANSKRIT TEXT,

INTERLINEAR TRANSLITERATION, GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS,

AND ENGLISH TRANSLATION.

LONDON:
LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBEKTS, & GREEN.

1864.
 PREFACE.

A series of Handbooks for the study of Sanskrit seems to be required at

the present moment by two classes of readers ; by those who, as candidates
for the Indian Civil Service, are anxious to acquire that amount of familiarity
with the grammar and literature of the classical language of India, which is
not only useful for an honourable acquitment at the public examinations, but
serves as the best foundation for the subsequent study of the spoken vernacu
lars ; and by that steadily increasing number of scholars who wish to gain an
_
elementary, yet accurate, knowledge of a language which is the key to the

There is, indeed, no lack of books in English for those who make
Sanskrit the study of their life ; and even continental scholars who wish to
acquire a sound and profound knowledge of the ancient language and litera
ture of India, must still have recourse to the masterworks of English scholars
such as Colebrooke, Prinsep, and Wilson. The first volume of Colebrooke's
Sanskrit Grammar, published sixty years ago, is a monument of English
scholarship which has never been surpassed by any subsequent Grammar,
whether in English, German, or French. Professor Benfey's large Sanskrit
Grammar, published at Leipzig in 1852, is the only work that rivals it in
comprehensiveness and authoritativeness.* The Dictionary of Wilson, to
which is mainly due the rapid progress which Sanskrit scholarship has made
in the Universities of Europe, is still the only complete thesaurus of the
language of ancient India. There are the editiones principes, the original
translations, the comprehensive essays, due to the honest industry of such
men as Sir W. Jones, Wilkins, Colebrooke, Wilson, and Ballantyne, which
will always keep their place of honour in the library of every student of
Sanskrit. But these works are available to advanced scholars only, while
the elementary books now accessible to English students who wish to begin
the study of Sanskrit, and who, in many cases, have to begin it without the
help of a master, are, with rare exceptions, edited in such a manner that they
fail in the very elements of grammar, and unnecessarily retard the progress
even of the most painstaking pupils. It has been said, indeed, with some
apparent truth, that the race of bona fide Sanskrit scholars seemed for a time
extinct in England ; but the late publications of Mr. J. Muir of Edinburgh,
and Professor E. B. Cowell of Calcutta, bear witness that in Sanskrit
scholarship, too, England will always hold her own, and that, with the

* The same author has lately published a ' Practical Grammar of the Sanskrit Language
for the Use of early Students,' London, 1863.
a
 ( vi )

advantages enjoyed by the members of the Civil Service in India, there will
never be wanting worthy successors of Colebrooke and Wilson—men who
have not only mastered the intricacies of Sanskrit grammar, but who are
capable of reading Sanskrit MSS., and contributing towards the progress of
Sanskrit scholarship by editing texts that have never been edited before, and
translating texts that have never been translated before.
The present series of elementary handbooks is intended to comprise an
elementary Grammar for English students, a Sanskrit-English Dictionary,
and the ordinary text-books, the Hitopadesa, the Laws of Manu, the play of
Sakuntala, the Nala, and such other works as may hereafter seem to be called
for either in England or in India. A Manual of Comparative Philology,
written with special reference to Greek and Latin, is likewise in preparation.
The cooperation of several eminent Sanskrit scholars has been secured.
The first volume of the series contains the First Book of the Hitopadesa,
a work which, since the days of Sir William Jones, has been used as the text
book in all Colleges and Public Examinations. The Sanskrit text has been so
arranged that even those who are not able to command the assistance of an
efficient teacher will be able by themselves to read, parse, and translate every
word of this ancient collection of Indian fables.
The first line contains the Sanskrit text in Devanagari letters, the words
properly joined according to the rules of Sandhi.
The second line gives every word transcribed in Roman letters. The
system of transliteration is that of Sir W. Jones, with a few modifications
which are now generally adopted by Sanskrit scholars. The words are
separated, and the final and initial letters allowed to remain unaffected by the
rules of Sandhi. Compound words have been divided, and the single words
which enter into composition are given in their crude forms. Thus sarii-
skritoktishu is printed samskrita-uktishu, but not sam-krita-uktishu, because
it is samskrita, as a ready-made word, that enters into composition with ukti.
Samskaras, on the contrary, is divided into sam-karas, thus showing the
reader that the insertion of the s, and the change of m into Anusvara, are the
result of the composition of haras with sam. According to the same system
samunnatim is printed sam-ud-natim, rajaputras appears as rajan-putras,
upaiti as upa-eti, &c. Two advantages are thus secured : the pupil is
warned against reading the Devanagari text too mechanically by the aid of
the transliteration, and his attention is from the first attracted to the rules
which govern the composition of words.
The third line contains a grammatical analysis of every word. The space
that could be spared for this being very limited, it was necessary to use
abbreviations, a complete list of which will be found at the end of the preface.
The fourth line supplies an English interlinear translation. As far as
possible each Sanskrit word is here rendered by an English word, the suc
cession of words in Sanskrit being preserved throughout in English. Any
attempt at English idiom was out of the question ; yet it is hoped that, by the
help of the grammatical analysis, this English transvocabulation (sit venia
verbo) may be intelligible and useful to a diligent student.
From page 38 the transliteration is discontinued. The student, after having
worked his way through the first thirty-eight pages, ought to be sufficiently
familiarised with the Devanagari alphabet to be able to dispense henceforth
 ( vii )

with the Roman transcript. In order to mark the end of words which in the
Devanagart text are joined together with the next following words, a dot
has been placed beneath the final letter, an expedient which, it is hoped, will
prove useful to the beginner, and do away with the necessity of separating
the final and initial letters of words which, according to the genius of the
Sanskrit language, cannot be conceived as separated from each other.
From page 68 the grammatical analysis too has been discontinued. The
student, after having read so far, may reasonably be supposed to have acquired
such a knowledge of the elements of Sanskrit grammar as to be able to read
the rest of the first book of the Hitopadesa with the help of a literal inter
linear translation.
The Sanskrit text is chiefly based on that of Lakshami Narayan
Nyalankar, in his edition of the Hitopadesa, with a Bengali and English
translation, Calcutta, 1830. Deviations -from that text were only resorted
to where grammar, regard for the difficulties of beginners, or decency,
seemed to require it. That text was chosen as an authority, partly because
it was desirable to have, as far as possible, the same text in the examinations
in India and in England, partly because an eclectic text, even one so carefully
elaborated as that of Schlegel and Lassen, seemed to be incompatible with those
principles of diplomatic criticism which are now adopted by all sound scholars,
not only in Greek and Latin, but likewise in Sanskrit and Oriental literature.
No attempt has yet been made to arrange the numerous MSS. of the Hitopadesa
genealogically, and there is hardly another work with which each copyist has
ventured to take such liberties as with this, the most popular story-book of
India. Until MSS. have been genealogically arranged, a selection of certain
plausible readings from this or that M S. is worse than useless. In my trans
lation of the Hitopadesa, published in the year 1844, I pointed out that an
eclectic restoration of the text, even if carried out by men of taste and
profound scholarship, could never satisfy the demands of modern criticism.
As the labour of collating and classifying the MSS. of the Hitopadesa would
have been very great, and as, owing to the nature of this popular work, the
result would always have been problematical, I determined to make no attempt
at a critical restoration of the text, but to adhere throughout to some one native
authority. The reason why I preferred the text of Lakshami Narayan Nyalan
kar, the Bengali editor and translator of this Indian school-book, to any single
MS. of the Hitopadesa, was, as I stated before, of a purely practical nature—I
wished there should be, as far as possible, a certain uniformity in the text-books
used in England and in India. I have also to confess that in cases where such
common phrases as tatha cha, aparam cha, tatha, cha uktam ('and thus it is
said ') would have entailed a blank space of four lines, they have sometimes
been omitted, and that the same consideration has occasionally required the
omission of certain portions in the grammatical analysis of the text.
The manuscript of the First Book of the Hitopadesa, as here printed, was
carefully prepared for me, according to the principles just explained, by
Dr. F. Kielhorn, and I hope that the labour bestowed upon it by him and by
myself will prove useful to that daily-increasing class of scholars who wish to
acquire an accurate knowledge of the classical language of ancient India,
whether as a preparation for the study of the spoken vernaculars, or as an
introduction to the science of language.
/
( viii )

Transliteration of the Devan&gari Alphabet.

8 an 7 th bh

& k d m

T i kh dh y
6i n r
g
n t I

6 n . th V

ri ch d i
chh dh sh
j
li 3 n s

e jh P h
•
ai 5? n ph am

0 7 t b ahp

List of Abbreviations.
N. Nominative. Pres. Present. Ind. = Indeclinable.
G. = Genitive. Impf. Imperfect. Adv. = Adverb.'
D. Dative. Perf. = Perfect. Prep. = Preposition.
Ac. =3 Accusative. Aor. = Aorist. rt. = root.
V. _ Vocative. Fut. S3 Future. aff. = affix.
Ab. Ablative. Pot. _ Potential. Compar. = Comparative.
I. Instrumental. Imp. Imperative. Superl. = Superlative.
L. Locative. Ptc. Participle. Ttp. = Tatpurusha.
m. masculine. Inf. = Infinitive. Earm. ■= Karmadharaya.
f. _ feminine. Ger. — Gerund. Bahuv. = Bahuvrihi.
n. neuter. Par. = Parasmaipada. Dvand. = Dvandva.
»g- singular. Atm. Atmanepada. Away. = Avvayibhava.
pL - plural. Pass. = Passive. cf.' = compare.
do. - dual. Caus. Causative. id. = the same.

The Anusvara and the Nasal Dot.

Another abbreviation which I have adopted in the Sanskrit text requires
a few words of explanation.
According to P&nini (viii. 3, 23), every m at the end of a word (pada),
may, before any consonant, be pronounced as Anusvara. Hence we find the
following combinations —
 C i* )

ft JsOfa, H Wfa, ft T^ft, ft Wt^^ffT ft

j tam tam tam tam
' karoti, " khadati, ' gachchhati, ' ghoshayati, ' nakaram,

ft fa^rffT, ft fWlf%, ft ^reffT, ft H+K,

tam tam 8 tam 9 . tam io ' ta™
' chinoti, ' chhinatti, ' jayati, ' jhakaram, " nakaram,

ft a*r<, ft .z^rt, ft ft 5<*l<,

n tam tam 13 t3m tam tam
' takaram, thakaram:, ' dakaram, ' dhakaram, ' nakaram.

ft ^^Tt, fi ^rfft, ft wrfft, ft *rafft,

tam tam 18 ' dadati,
**? 19 tSm . tam..
' tudati, ' thakaram., " dhamati, 20. nayati,

ft ffafft, ft <t ^rffT, ft f*Rf%, ft

tam *am tam 24 tam tam
21, pibati, ' phalam, 23, bodhati, ' bhinatti, 25, mochayati,

ft <*fft, ft mra, ft W^f,

26. tam yati, 27. tam rakshati, 28. tam labhate, 29. tam vahati,

ft a^wYffT, ft ft ft fTffT.
30. tam srinoti, 31. tam shakaram, 32. tam sarati, 33. tam harati.
According to the same Panini, however (viii. 4, 59), this Anusvara, at the
end of words, may be (not must be) pronounced like the nasal corresponding
to the initial letter of the following word, unless that initial letter be sh, s,
h ; to which may be added r. Hence we find

in 1- 5, 7T^f^YffT or ft ^PlflffY, karoti or tam karoti ;

in 6-10, <if^«frffT or ft f%^"f^T> ta^ chinoti or tam chinoti ;
in n-15, n *!£cm^ or ff Z^TT^> tan takaram or tam takaram ;
in 16-20, 7T«rl^ffJ or ft fj<^f%> tan tudati or tam tudati;
in 21-25, fff'T^ffT or ?j f^^f?T, tam pibati or tam pibati.
Of the semivowels, r only has no corresponding nasal, but Jf, ^f, ^, y, 1, v,
have their corresponding nasals, written 7^, <tf, ?f, or Z(, ^, f, I, v. Hence,
in 26, ?r<EZrTfft or ft TrffT> tay Jati or taln 7ati >
in 28, fHSTfT or 7f ^RTfT) tal labhate or tam labhate ;
in 29, fjoq^ffi or ff of^f^, tav vahati or tam vahati.
In 30-36, before s, sh, s, h, and in 27, before r, the change of m into Anu
svara is absolute.
 ( x )

All cases * are thus provided for in which an m at the end of words is
followed by a consonant. The only case not provided for is when m stands
in pausa. Here, according to the strict interpretation of Panini, as no
change of m into Anusvara is prescribed, m ought to be pronounced m.
We now come to m in the middle of words. Here Panini prescribes, first
(viii. 3, 24), that m is pronounced as Anusvara before any consonant except y,
r, I, v, arid n, n, n, n, m. But this, in the peculiar style of his grammar, is only
a step to a further rule (viii. 4, 58), according to. which every Anusvara that
has thus been enjoined, must be (not may be) pronounced like the nasal belong
ing to the consonant following, except before i, sh, s, h, where it remains
Anusvara. The long and short of these rules is, that m, in the middle of a
word, is pronounced like the nasal of the consonant following, except before
y, r, I, v, n, n, n, n, tn (where no change is enjoined by viii. 3, 24), and except
before s, sh, s, h (where the change of m into Anusvara, prescribed by viii.
3, 24, is not repealed by viii. 4, 58).
It is absolutely necessary, therefore, to pronounce :
C1) ^f%fTT arikita, 'Sfflpn' afichita, ^f^ffT kundita, Tf^[fTT
nandita, 3ffitrjfr kampita.
It is absolutely necessary to pronounce :
(2) TfTSJff gamyate, «f^j: namrah, ^5J*^I amlah ;
And it is absolutely necessary to pronounce :
(3) ^ffPK'Sffl akraihsyate, *j^f1 sariiskrita [likewise ?Htfff%
yasamsi, V'Tpf dhanuihshi, where Panini treats the inserted
nasal as n (nw/»)].
All these rules will be found carefully observed in the text of the
Hitopadesa, with one exception. In apparent defiance of Panini, the best
MSS., and I would particularly instance the MSS. of the Saihhita. and Pada
texts of the Eig-Veda, write, not 'Sff^fTT. but ^l'f%fTT; not ^ff^fll. but
^Sjf^fTT; not ijf^ffT, but ^f%7TT» not «rf^7!T. but STf^fTT; n<>t

* A few exceptions mentioned by Panini serve only to confirm these general rules
as far as the m at the end of words is concerned. Thus (Pan. viii. 3, 25), in the compound
sam-rat, a great king, the m of sam, though according to Sanskrit grammarians, standing at
the end of a word (paddnte), must be pronounced as m, not as Anusvara. Hence, ^tj( ^
samrat, not ^JT \<£ samrat. But this applies to this one compound only ; hence
If^Tl^fTTi samraj"a, not ^PjfTfaJ'fil samrajita.
Again (Pan. viii. 3, 26), if initial h is followed by m, the final m of the preceding word
may either, according to the general rule, be pronounced as Anusvara, or remain m. Thus :
f^f TjJ'Sl^fd or f^f^^T^ffT' *"» hmalayati or kirn hmalayati. The reason of this
must be found in the slight pronunciation of h before m ; so that m, not h, seems to be
sounded as the initial of hmalayati. The same option is given by some grammarians with
regard to words beginning with hy, hi, h. Natives very commonly write Bramha, instead of
Brahma, i.e. they pronounce mh instead of hm. Panini (viii. 3, 27), gives a similar option
with regard to words beginning with hn. Hence, kim hnute, or kin hnute.
 ( xi )

3»f*MfiT> out ^ffMdl. The reason of this is palpable : it is easier to

write ^f%?n ^an ^rf^frTr. What applies to writing applies with still
greater force to printing, and I have, therefore, in all my Sanskrit publica
tions, preferred the more compendious system of representing the five nasals
before the consonants of their own classes by the dot above the line. It
should be clearly understood, however, that whether we write llf^fdl or
^5jf%?rr> rt,le °f Panini, which refers to pronunciation and not to writing,
is equally absolute, and that in the middle of a word the only nasals that can
be sounded before h, hh, g, gh, eh, chh,j,jh, t, th, d, dh, t, th, d, dh, p, ph, b,
bh, are the nasals of the five classes to which these consonants belong
3JN, HJ^, «f^, ffj. The dot, therefore, used in writing and printing is here
a mere graphic substitute for these five nasals, and in no way to be confounded
with the dot as the sign of the Anusvara.
At the end of words, as the pronunciation in cases 1-25, 26, 28, 29, is
optional, the dot, which in accordance with most MSS. I always prefer, may
either be pronounced as Anusvara or looked upon as the graphic substitute for
any of the five class-nasals and of the three nasalised semi-vowels. Only, if it
precedes words beginning with r, s, sh, s, h, the final dot must be pronounced
as Anusvara. Lastly, if words ending in m stand in pausa, the final dot,
according to the strict interpretation of Panini, is to be pronounced as m.
Though this matter is in itself simple enough, it has been much com
plicated by grammarians who did not perceive that the rules given by Panini
refer to pronunciation and not to writing, and that in Sanskrit MSS. and
native publications the dot has really two quite distinct functions :
1. It marks the sound of Anusvara at the end of words before *, sh, s, h,
and r (optionally before any consonant), and in the middle of words before
h, sh, s, h.
2. It graphically replaces in the middle of words the five nasals before
the twenty mutes, and the m at the end of words in pausa.
In an elementary book like the present, the consistent use of the dot
instead of the five class-nasals in the cases described above, has the advantage
that while it removes any doubt as to the original nature of final n, n, and n,
when followed by initial sonant Palatals, Linguals, and Dentals,* it forces
the student to practice the phonetic rules in order to be able to judge for
himself whether the dot represents the sound of Anusvara or whether it is
used as an abbreviation in place of one of the five class-nasals.
MAX MULLER.
Weymouth: September 1864.

* Thus ffT^| ?lf?t, tan jayati, always represents an original ofT*T WjfW> ^e
conquers them ; while (\\ Sf?j|^f, tarn jayati, stands for an original f{I tI he
conquers her. The nasal dot never represents an original n except in the middle of words
before t, th, d, dh. In cases like tarns cha, or f^TTTT^T> m>m""ls''t lnc dot is meant
for Anusvara.
 CONTENTS.

PAOE
Introduction 1

BOOK I.

FRIEND-ACQUISITION, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE CROW,

THE PIGEONS, THE MOUSE, THE TORTOISE, AND THE DEER.

FABLE
I. . . The Traveller and the Tiger 17
II. . . The Deer, the Jackal, and the Crow . . .37

III. . . The Blind Vulture, the Cat, and the Birds . . 39

IV. . . The History op Hhunyaka, the Mouse . . .61
V. . . The Old Man and his Young Wife . . . .62

VI. . . Death of the greedy Jackal 76

VII. . ,. The Prince and the Merchant's Wife . . .85
VIII. . . The Jackal and the Elephant 88
 II ^IWICTO II
TO THE BLESSED GANESA, SALUTATION!

ii ^ra f%^r^r: 11
HEEE BEGINS THE HITOPADESA.

siddhis sadhye satam astu pra-sadat tasya dhurja^es

-dhi, N.sg. -ya, L. sg. n. -t, G.pi. as, 3 sg. Imp. Par. -<SA,Ab.sg. tad, G. so. m. -ti, G.sg.
Success in what is to be of the good may be through the of that Dhurjati,
accomplished favour

Jahnavi-phena-lekha iva yad-murdhni Hasinas kal&. (1)

Ttp. -khiuN.sg. Ind. Ttp. -dhan, L.sg. -sin, G.sg. -\&,N.sg.
Gonges-froth-streak - like on whose-head the moon's sixteenth part.

*<ft f%ffrq^r vizi ^wrf^ i ».

firutas hita-upadesas ayam patavam samskrita-uktishu
im, N.sg.m.pastPtc. Pass. Karm.-s&, N.sg. idam, N.sg.m. -v&,Ac.sg. Karm. -ti, L. pi.
Heard friendly-advice this, skill in polished-expressions,

*rot tfr-sr *ftf?rf^rr ^rf?r ^ 11 ^ 11

"a.
vacham sarvatra vaichitryam niti-vidyam dadati cha. (2)
-ch, G.pi. Ind. -ya, Ac. sg. Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg. da, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind.
of words everywhere variety, behaviour-knowledge gives and.

ajara-amara-vat prajiias vidyam artham cha chintayet

Ind. -a&, N.sg.m. -j&,Ac.sg. -tha, 4e. sg. Ind. cliiut, Ssg. Pot. Par.
Not-growing old, the wise knowledge gain and should consider,
not-dying-like,

^fta ^3 w^rr *p|*rRT7TN 11 * 11

grihitas iva keseshu mrityuna dharmam 6-charet. (3)
grah,A^.«ff. m.past Ptc. Pass. Ind. .s&,L.pi. -ju,I.sg. -m%Ac.sg. char with a, 3 sg. Pot. Par.
seized as if by the hairs by death, virtue he should practise.
B
 ( 2 )

sarva-dravyeshu
.-dravyeshu vidy&
vidyS eva dravyam
dravj ahus an-uttamam
Karm. -ya, L.pi. •ya, If. sg. Ind. -ya, JV. sj. ah, 3 pi. Perf. Par. Bahuv. -ma, If. sg. n.
Among all-things knowledge only a thing, they say, having nothing-beyond :

^l4«4l<«1«jHK^iI,4i^ *T%T II 8 II
aharyatv&t anarghyatvat akshayatv&t cha sarvadlL (4)
-tva, Ab. sg. -tva, Ab.sg. -tv&, Ab.sg. Ind. Ind.
from the irremov- from the inestima- from the iroperish- and always,
ability, bleness, ableness,

sam-gamayati vidy& eva nicha-ga api naram sarit

gam witt sam, Sag. Pres. Par. Caus. -y&,N.sg. Ind. -ga, N.sg.f. Ind. -m,Ac.sg. -t.N.sg.
It causes to meet knowledge only, low-going even a man a stream

samudram iva dus-dharsham nri-pam bhlgyam atas param. (5)

-dra, Ac. sg. Ind. -sha, Ac.sg.m. -p&,Ac.sg. -y&,N. sg. Ind. -ra, Ac. sg. n. Adv.
the ocean as, a difficult to be approached prince ; happiness thence further.

vidy& dad&ti vi-nayam vi-nayat yati p&tratam

-y&.N.sg. da, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -y&,Ac.sg. -ya, Ab.sg. ya, Ssg. Pres. Par. -t&,Ac.sg.
Knowledge gives good behaviour, from good behav. one goes to worthiness,

qTwrg*r*rrsYf7T *itT^ fTrt: w£ ii ^ 11

patratvat dhanam &pnoti dhanat dharmam tatas sukham. (6)
-tva, Ab.sg. -na, Ac. sg. ftp, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -na, Ab. sg. -ma, Ac. sg. Ind. -kha, Ac. sg.
from wor- wealth one obtains, from wealth religious thence happiness.
\
cv thiness merit,

vidya1 sastrasya dve vidye prati-pattaye

-ya, JV. sg. -tra, G. sg. -tra, G. sg. dvi, N. du.f. -yft, N. du. -tti, D. sg.
The know- of the weapon (and) of a learned two kinds of know for acquirement,
ledge book, ledge

^tnrr f%?ft^Tf^m w%t 11 11

&dya ra vriddhatve dvitiy& a-driyate sadl (7)
-ya, N. sg.f. -ya, D. sg. -tva, L. sg. -ya, N. sg.f, dri with ft, 3 sg.PresJPass. Ind.
the first for ridicule in old age, the second is respected always.

yad nave bhajane lagnas sam-k&ras na anyatha bhavet

Ind. -va, L. sg. n. -n&,L.sg. lag, N. sg. m. past -m,N.sg. Ind. Ind. bhft, 3 sg.
Part. Pass. Pot. Par.
Because on a new vessel impressed an ornament not otherwise may be,

*ir*TT^!rcv«UMMi' *ftffRffT? wi H ^ II
katha-chhalena balanara nitis tad ilia kathyate. (8)
Ttp. -la, I. sg. -la, G. pi. -ti, N. sg. Ind. Ind. kath,3 sg.Pres.Pass.
Through story-disguise of children prudence therefore here is told.
 ( 3 )

mitra - labhas suhrid - bhedas vi-grahas sam-dhis eva cha

Ttp. -bha, JV. sg. Ttp. -da, JV. sg. -ha, JV. sg. -dhi, JV. sg. Ind. Ind.
Frieud-acquisition, friend-separation, war, conciliation even and

^^T^TSErwfj-^nriw f%^m ii ^ ii
/ pancha-tantrat tath& anyasmat granthat &-krishya likhyate. (9)
Dvigu. -tra, Ab. sg. Ind. -ya, Ab. sg. m. -tha, Ab. sg krish, with a, likh, 3 sg.Pres.
Ger. m Pass.
from the Fanchat. and likewise from another book having drawn is written.

r.
7 s* X
asti bhagirathi-tire pataliputra-namadheyam nagarani. tatra
as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. Sahuv. -ya, JV. sg. n. -ra, N.sg. Ind.
There is on the Bhagirathi-bank Pataliputra-named a town. Therein
/

sarva-sv&min-guna -upetas su-darsanas nama nara-patis Ssit.

Ttp. -ta, JV. sg. m. -ml, N.sg. -mm, Ac. sg. Adv. Ttp. -ti, N.sg. as, 3 sg. Impf. Par.
with all-lord's-qualities-endowed, Sudarsana by name a man-lord was.

sas bhu-patis ekada kena-api pathyamanam

tad, JV. sg. m. Ttp. -ti, JV. sg. Ind. kim, I. sg. m. Ind. path, Ac. sg. n. Pres. Ptc. Pass.
That earth-lord one day by somebody being recited
/

Sloka-dvayam Susrava : ,
Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg. sru, S sg. Perf. Par. i
a verse-couple heard :

aneka-samsaya-uchchhedi paroksha-arthasya darsakam

Ttp. -din, JV. sg. n. Karm. -tha, G. sg. -ka, JV. sg. n.
Many-doubts-dispelling, of invisible-matter showing,

tsjM tT^iv tt*T 11 \° 11

sarvasya lochanam s&stram yasya na asti andhas eva sas. (10)
-va, G. sg. n.
-na, JV. sg. -tra, JV. sg. yad, G. sg.m. Ind. as, 3 sg. -dha, JV. Ind. tad, JV.
Pres. Par. sg. m. sg. m.
of everything the eye, learning whose not is, blind indeed he.

yauvanam dhana-sampattisr prabhutvam a-vivekat&

-na, JV. sg. Ttp. -ti, JV. sg. -tva, JV. sg. -ta, JV. sg.
Youth, wealth-acquisition, lordship, want ofjudgment,

v/ ^flUR^R Url ^(J^j II \\ II

eka-ekam api an-arihaya kim-u yatra chatushtayam. (11)
-ka, JV. sg. n. Ind. -tha, D. sg. Ind. Inll. -ya, N. sg.
one-by-one even to disadvantage, how much more where a tetrad.
b 2
 ( 4 )

iti a-karnya atmanas putranam an-adhigata-6astranam nityam

Ind. karn vMh a, Ger. -man, G. sg. -r&,G.pi. Bahuv. -ra,(7. pi. m. -y&,Ac.sg.n. Adv.
Thus having heard, of himself of the sons who had not-; ead-books constantly

unmarga-gamin&m sastra-ananushthanena udvigna-manas sas raj& chintayam-asa:

Ttp. -min, G. pi. m. Ttp. -na, I. sg. Bahuv. -nas, N.sg.m. tad, JV. -jan, chint, 3 sg. Perf.
sg. m. W.sg. Par.
wrong-ways-going by the book-neglect with afflicted-mind, that king was reflecting

kas arthas putrena jatena yas na vidvan na dharmikas

kim, JV. -tha, N. sg. -ra, I. sg. jan, /. sg. m. past yad, N. Ind. -vas, N.sg.m. Ind. -ka, N. sg.'m.
sg. m. PtcPass.
What use by a son born, who not learned, not virtuous ?

kanena chakshush& kim v& chakshus-pida eva kevalam. (1 2)

-na, I. sg. ». -shus, I. sg. kim, N. sg. ». Ind. Ttp. -da, jV. sg. Ind. -la, Ac. sg. n. Adv.
with an injured eye what or? an eye-pain indeed merely.

<5R3TTff*mwrwt i 'stffro: i
ajsta-mrita-murkhanam varam adyau na cha antimas
Dvandva. -kha, G. pi. -ra, N. sg. «. -ya, N. dn. m. Ind. Ind. -ma, JV. sg. m.
Of unborn-dead-foolish-ones better the two first not and the last,

^ ^ ii w ii
sakrit duhkha-karau &dyau antimas tu pade pade. (13)
Ind. Ttp. -ra, N. da. m. -ya, N. dn. m. -ma. N- sg. m. Ind. -da, L. sg. -da, L. sg.
once pain-causing the two first, the last but at step at step.

kim-cha, sas jatas yena j&tena

jatena yati variisas sam-ud-natim
Ind. tad, N. jan, N. sg. m. yad. I. jan, I. sg. m. y<1, 3 sg. -Sa, N.sg. 't\,Ac.sg.
sg. m. past PtcPass. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. Pres.Par.
Moreover, He , is born through born goes the family to exaltation,
whom

pari-vartini sam-sare mritas kas v& na jayate. (14)

-tin, L. sg. m. -r&,L.sg. mrijf.sg.m. past PtcPass. kim, N.sg.m. Ind. Ind. jan, Ssg. Pres. Atm.
in the revolving world dead who or not is born ?

gunin-gana-ganan&-arambhe na patati kathini su-sambhram&t yasya

Ttp.- bha, L. sg. Ind. pat, 3 sg. =ni, N. sg. Karm, -ma, Ab. sg. yad, G. sg. m.
Pres. Par.
In the virtuous-multitude- not falls the chalk through great- of whom,
enumerating-attempt haste

^ifaT *rfc ^f?t*ft ^ im\ wtfTft ii I* II

tena amba yadi sutmi vada bandhy& kidrisi nama. (15)
tad, I. sg. m. -ba, N. sg. ltd. -ni, N. sg. vad, 2 sg. -ya, N. sg. -driS, N. sg.f. -man, Ac.
Imp. Par. sg. Adv.
through him the mother if son-possessed, say, barren which (wife) in truth ?
 ( 5 )

'Sift ^ I ^TT <TCfa ^ W 5T TTfaH *r: I

api cha, dane tapasi saurye cha yasya na pratbitam manas
Ind. Ind. -la^L^g. -paB,Ii.sg. -y&,L.sg. Ind. yad, G. Ind. prath, N. sg. n. -nas.JV.
sg.m. past PtcPass. sg.n.
Also and, In liberality, in penance, in heroism and, whose not praised mind,

fa^TOT*HhrT$T ^ WfS^TT TH| II ^ II

vidyay&m artha-l&bhe cha matus ud-charas eva sas. (16)
-ya, L. »g. Ttp. -bha, L. sg. Ind. -tri, G. sg. -ra, N. sg. Ind. tad, If. sg. m.
in knowledge, in wealth-acquisition and, a mother's discharge merely he.

araram cha,
aparam cha. varam ekas (nini
guni nutras
putras na cha murkha-satais api
-ra,,N.sg.n. Ind. -ra, N. sg. n. -ka, N. sg. m. -lain, N. sg. m. •r&,N.sg, Ind. Ind. Ttp. -fa, I. pi. Ind.
Again and, Better one virtuous son, not and of fools- even ;
hundreds

ekas cbandras * tamas hanti na cha tara-ganais api. (17)

-ka, Ar. sg. m. -ra, N. sg. -mas, Ac. sg. han, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -pa, /. pi. Ind.
the one moon darkness dispels, not and star-heaps even. ^

punya-tirtbe kritam yena tapas kva-api ati-dus-karam

Karm. -tha, L. sg. kri, N.sg.n.past.Ptc. Pass, yad, /. sg. m. -pas,N.sg. Ind.Ind. Karm.-m,N. sg. n.
At a holy-bath- performed by whom penance where-ever very-difficult
ing place

?re 5^r wxgt *rcf&ir: ^*fr: 11 11

tasya putras bhavet vasyas sam-riddhas dharmikas su-dhis. (18)
tad, G.sg.m. -m,N.sg. bhH,8.sg.Pot.Par. -y».,N.sg.m. -dla,,N.sg.m. -ka, If. sg. m. Bahuv. -dhi, N. sg. m.
of him a son will be obedient, prosperous, righteous, wise.

artha-agamas nityam a-rogit& cha priyas cha bhary& priya-v&dini cha

Ttp. -ma, If.sg. -ya, Ac.sg.n.Adv. -ta, N. sg. Ind. -ya, N. sg. m. Ind. -y&,N.sg. Ttp. -din, N. sg.f. Ind.
Wealth-affluence, constantly not-illness and, a friend and, a wife kind-speaking and,

tori yft s^tanf!- ^ fksn ttrfm^srm wif% tT*rN ii 11

vasyas cha putras artha-kari cha vidy&, shat jiva-lokasya sukhani rajan. (19)
-y&,N.sg.m. Ind. -tt,N.sg. Ttp.-m,N.sg.f. Ind. -ya, N.sg. shash,JV. Ttp. -ka, G. sg. -kha,JV.pJ. -jan, V.sg.
obedient and a son, useful and a craft, the six of man-kind pleasures, O king.

kas dhanyas bahubhis putrais kusula-apurana-Mhakais,

kim, If. sg. m. -ya, N. sg. m. -hu, I. pi. m. -ra, I. pi. Karm. -ka, I. pi.
Who wealthy through many sons,— granary-filling-measures ?

*R^r: ffiwft *nr f^sm f^T 11 \° 11

varam ekas kula-alambi yatra vi-sruyate pit&. (20)
.ra, N. sg. n. -ka, N. sg. m, Ttp. -bin, N. sg. m. Ind. sru with vi, 3 sg. Pres. Pass, -tri, N. sg.
better one family-upholding, in whom is renowned the father.
 ( 6 )

rina-karta, pita satrus mata cha vi-abhi-charini

Ttp. -tri, JV. sg. m. -tri, JV. sg. -ra, N.sg. -tri, N.sg. Ind. -rin, JV. sg.f.
A debt- contracting father an enemy, a mother and wanton,

bh&rya rupavati satrus putras Sutras a-panditas. (21)

-ya, JV. sg. -vat, JV. sg.f. -ru, JV. sg. -ra, JV. sg. -ru, JV. sg. Karm. -ta, JV. sg. m.
a wife beautiful an enemy, a son an enemy not-learned.

an-ab visham vidy& a-jirne bbojanam visham

Karm. -sa, Z. «fir. -sha, JV. sg. -ya, JV. sg. Karm. -na, L. sg. -na, JV. sg. -sha, JV. sg.
In want of practice poison knowledge, in indigestion food poison,

visham sabha daridrasya vriddhasya taruni visham. (22)

-sha, N. sg. -bha, JV. sg, -i&,G.sg.m. -dha, G. sg. m. -na,, N. sg.f. -sha, JV. sg.
poison company of the poor, of an old man a young wife poison.

0>
yasya kasya pra-sutas api gunavan pujyate naras
yad, G.«ff. m. kira, (?. s0. m. su wi<ft pra, N. sg. m. past Ind. -va,t, N.sg.m. pt^,3sg.Pres.Pass.
8 sg.Pres. 1 -ra, N.sg.
Ptc. Pass.
Of whom - soever engendered also, virtuous is honoured a man,

«n#>rf^5^r sfa Mw: ^f^ffa 11 ^ 11

dhanua vamsa-visuddhas apt ms-gunas kim karishyati. (23)
-nu, JV. sg Ttp. -dha, JV. sg.m. Ind. Sahuv. -na, JV. sg. m. kim, Ac. sg. n. kri, 3 sg. Pvt. Par.
a bow stem-faultless also, stringless what will it do ?

h& putraka na adhi-ita su-gata etasu ratrishu

Ind. Ind. -ka, V. sg. Ind. i with adhi, V. sg. m. past Karm. -ta, V. sg. m. etad, L. pi.f. -ri, L. pi.
Ptc. Pass.
Ah, ah, 0 boy, not-learned, pleasantly-faring in these nights !

tena tvam vidusham madhye pahke gaus iva sidasi. (24)

tad, /. sg. n. yushmad, JV. sg. -vas.G.pi.m. -ydt,L.sg. -k%L.sg. go, N.sg. Ind. sad, 2 sg.
Pres. Par.
therefore thou of the learned in the midst, in a mire cow-like, thou sittest.

tad katham idaniin ete mama putras gunavantas kriyant&ni ?

Ind. Ind. Ind. etad, JV. pi. m. asmad, G. sg. -ra, JV. pi. -vat, JV. pi. m. kri, 3 pi. Imp. Pass.
Then how now these of me the sons virtuous shall be made ?

ahara-nidr&-bhaya-maithunam cha samanyam etad pasubhis naran&m

Dvandva. -na, JV. sg. Ind. -ya, JV. sg. etad, JV. sg. n. -su, I. pi. -ra, G. pi.
Feeding-sleep-fear-love and common pro- this with animals of men,
- perty
 ( 7 )

dharmas hi tesham adhikas vi-seshas dbarmena hinas pasubhis samanas. (25)

-ma,^.^. Ind. tad,G.pl.m. -k&.N.sg.Tn. -sh&,N.sg. ma.,I.sg. h&.N.pi.m. -su,/.p£. -na,.N.pi.m.
past. PtcPass.
Virtue for of them the adili- special pro- of virtue deprived withani- equal.
tional perty ; mals

yatas, dharma-artha-kama-mokshanam yasya ekas api na vidyate

Ind. Dvandva. -sha, G. pi. yad, G. sg. m. -ka, N. sg. m. Ind. Ind. vid, 3 sg. Pres.
Pass.
For, Ofvirtue-wealth-desire-final of whom one even not is known,
liberation

nja-gala-stanasya iva tasya janma nis-arthakam. (26)

Ttp. -na, G. sg. Ind. tad, G. sg. m. -man, N. sg. Bahuv. -ka, N. sg. ».
of the he-goat-throat-nipple like of him the birth useless.

yad cha uchyate, ayus karma cha vittam cha vidya ni-dhanam eva cha
jaA,N. Ind. vanih,Ssg.Pres. -yus, N.sg. -man, N.sg. Ind. -ta, N.sg. Ind. -y&,N.sg. -na,,N.sg. Ind. Ind.
sg. n. Pass.
What and is said, Life, action and, riches and, know- death even and,
ledge,

q^fTT^fa ^f%?T: II ^ II
pancha etani api srijyante garbha-sthasya eva dehinas. (27)
-chan.JV". etad,JV.pZ.». Ind. srii, 3pi.Pres.Pass. Ttp. -sti\&,G.sg.m. Ind. -bin,G.sg.m.
five these also are produced of the in the womb- even being.
standing

kim-cha avasyam-bhavinas bhavas bhavanti mahatam api

Ind. -vin, If. pi. m. -va, N. pi. bhu, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -hat, G. pi. m. Ind.
Moreover, Necessarily-becoming the conditions are of the great even ;—

nagnatvam nila-kanthasya mah&-ahi-sayanam hares. (28)

-tva, N.sg. Bahuv. -Xb&,G.sg.m. Ttp. -na, N.sg. -ri, G. sg.
the nakedness of the blue-necked, the on the great-serpent-lying ofHari.

api cha, yad a-bhavi na tad bhavi bhavi ched na tad anyatli^
Ind. Ind. yaS,W. Sarm. -vin, Ind. tad, JV. -vin, N. -vin, N. Ind. Ind. tad, N. Ind.
sg.n. N.sg.n. sg.n. sg.n. sg.n. sg.n.
Also and, What not-to be, not that to be ; to be if, not that otherwise,

TffT fwfawr s^oth^: far *f $t*m ii ii

iti chinta-visha-ghnas ayam a-gadas kim na piyate? (29)
Ind. Ttp. -ghna, N. sg. m. idam, N.sg. m. -da., N.sg. Ind. Ind. p&,3 sg. Pres. Pass.
thus reflection-poison-destroying this medicine why not is drunk ?
 ( 8 )

etad k&rya-akshamanam kesham-chid alasya-vachanam.

etad, N. sg. n. Ttp. -ma, G. pi. m. kim, G.pi. m. Ind. Ttp. -na, N.sg. ».
This of duty-incapable of soine the laziness-speech !

na daivam api sain-chintya tyajet ud-yogara atmanas

Iwl. -v^Ac.sg. Ind. chint with sam, Ger. tyaj,Ssg.Pot.Par. -tfr,Ac.8g. -man, G.sg.
Not, fate even reflecting on, one should give up the exertion of one self,

an-udyogena tailani tilebhyas na &ptum arhati. (30)

Karm. -ga, I. sg. -la, Acpi. -la, Ab. pi. Ind. &p, Inf. arh, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
with no-exertion sesamum oil from sesamum seeds not obtain one can.

anyad cha, udyoginam purusba-simham upa-eti lakshmis,

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -gin, Ac. sg. m. Karm. -ha, Ac. sg. i with upa, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ml, N. sg.
Again and, The exerting himself man-lion approaches Fortune,

daivena deyam iti ka-purushsU vadanti,

-va, I. sg. da, N. sg. n. Pat. Ptc. Pass. Ind. Karm. -sha, y. pi. vad. 3pi. Pres. Par.
' by Fate it must be given,' thus weak-men say ;

daivam ni-hatya kuru paurusham &tman-saktya,

-va, Ac. sg. han with ni, Ger. kri, 2 sg. Imp. Par. -sha, Ac. sg. Ttp. -ti, /. sg.
Fate down-striking do a man's work with thy own-power,
i f%-s?f?T Tta: II II
yatne krite yadi na sidhyati kas atra doshas? (31)
-na, L. sg. kri, L.sg.m. Ind. Ind. &idh,Ssg.Pres.Par. kim,.iV. Ind. sh&,N.sg.
past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.
The effort having been if not there is success, what therein fault ?
made,
$SNT *r w if^Ti?rN i
yath& hi ekena chakrena na rathasya gatis bliavet
Ind. Ind. -ka. I. sg. n. -ra, /. sg. Ind. -tha, G. sg. -ti, If. sg. bhu, 3 sg. Pot. Par.
As for with a single wheel not of a carriage movement can be,
T}^U*Kl!! fiHT ^ T fwffT II ^ II
evam purusha-k&rena vina daivam na sidhyati. (32)
Ind. Ttp. -ra, I. sg. Ind. -ml, Msg, Ind. sidh, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
thus a man's-work without, fate not does succeed.

tatha cha, purva-janman-kritam karma tad daivam iti kathyate

Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, N. sg. ». -max^N.sg. toA,N.sg.n. -va N.sg. Ind. kath, 3 s<7.
Pres. Pass.
Thus and, In a former-birth-done action that ' fate ' thus is called,
7TW'^wTtt3 *f«r ^^T^ftf^fT: II ^ II
tasmat pu rusha-karc na yatnam kuryat a-tandritas. (33)
t&d.Ab.sg.n. Adv. Ttp. -ra, I. sg. -n%Ac.sg. kri, 3 sg. Pot. Par. Karm.-t%N.sg.m.
therefore with man's-work effort one should make unwearied.
 ( 9 )

yath& mrid-pinda-tas kart& kurute yad-yad ichchhati

Ind. Ttp. -dst, with Ab. aff. tas -tri, N. sg. m. kri, 3 sg. Pres. Atm. y$A,Ac.sg.n. ish, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
As from a clay-lump the worker makes for himself whatever he wishes,

evam atman-kritam karma manavas prati-padyate. (34)

Ind. Ttp. -ta, Ac. sg. n. -man, Ac. sg. -va, If. sg. pad with prati, 3 sg. Pres. Attn.
thus the by himself-done action man obtains.

kaka-taliya-vat pra-aptara drishtv& api ni-dhim agra-tas

/n<Z. &p «>i<A pra, ,4c. dris, Ger. -dhi, .4c. sg. -ra witt .46. a^. taa
sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
As-in (the story of) the reached having seen even a treasure in front,
Crow-and the Palmfruit,

*1 t^*TT^% JW^^ II ^4, II

na svayam daivam &-datte purusha-artham apa-ikshate. (35)
Ind. Ind. -va, N. sg. da with a, 3 sg. Ttp. -tha, Ac. sg. iksh with npa,
Pres. Atm. 3 sg. Pres. Attn.
not of itself fate takes (it) up, manVexertion it expects.

ud-yamena hi sidhyanti karyani na manas-rathais

-ma, I. sg. Ind. sidh, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -y&,N.pi. Ind. Ttp. -tha, /. pi.
Through exertion indeed succeed works, not through wishes,

na hi suptasya siiiihasya pra-visanti mukhe mrigas. (36)

Ind. Ind. Bvap,G.sg.m.past. -h&,G.sg. vis with -pr&,Spi. -kha, L. sg. -gs.,N.pi.
Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.
not indeed of the sleeping lion enter into the mouth the deer.

malri-pitri-krita-abhyasas gunitam eti balakas

Bahuv. -sa, JV. sg. m. -ttuAc.sg. i,3 sg. Pres. Par. -ka,,N.sg.
By mother-and father-made-to study to the state of a comes a child,
virtuous man

na garbha-chyuti-matrena putras bhavati panditas. (37)

Ind. Ttp. -ra, I. sg. -m.N.sg. \>hh,3sg. Pres. Par. -ta,,N.sg.m.
not by birth-alone a son becomes learned.

*TTfTT TT^: fafTT l^t *R WT^Y T VrffcfV I

mata satrus pita vairi yena balas na pathitas
-tri, N. sg. -ru, N. sg. -tri, JV. sg. -rill, JV. i». yad, Z. sg. m. -la, 2V. Ind. path, 7f. s^. m.
past Ptc. Pass. Cans.
The mother an enemy, the father hostile, by whom a boy not made to study,

na Sobhate sabha-madhye hamsa-madhye vakas yatha. (38)

Ind. subh,3 sg. Pres. Atm. Ttp. -ya, L. sg. Ttp. -ya, L. sg. -ka, N. sg. Ind.
not does he shine in an assembly-midst, in the flamingo-midst a crane like.
C
J
( 10 )

rupa-yauvana-saropann&s visala-kula-sambhavas
Ttp. -na, N. pi. m. (rt. pad with sam, past Pto. Pass.) Bahuv. -va, N. pi. m.
Beauty-youth-endowed of noble-race-sprung,

vidy&-hin&s na sobhante nis-gandhas iva kirbiukas. (39)

Tip. -na, N. pi. m. (rt. hi) Ind. subh,3pi. Pres.Atm. Bahuv. -dh&.N.pi.m. Ind. -ka, N. pi.
knowledge-destitute ones not shine, scent-less like kimsuka flowers.

^wif sfq *fm^ fTT^WTTJrf prefe?r: I

murkhas api sobhate tavat sabhayam vastra-veshtitas
-Va^N.sg.m. Ind. subh, 3 sg. Pres.Atm. -vat, Acsg.n.Adv. -bha> L. sg. Ttp. -ta, N. sg. m. (rt. vesht).
A fool also shines so long in an assembly garment-dressed,

tavat cha sobhate murkhas yavat kim - chid na bhashate. (40)

-vat, Ac.sg.n. Ind. subh.3 sg. -kha, N.sg.m. -v&t, Acsg.n. kim, Acsg.n. Ind. Ind. bhash, *Ssg.
Adv. Pres. Attn. Adv. Pres. Atm.
So long and shines a fool as long as anything not he says.

etad chintayitva sas raj& pandita-sabham karitavan.

etad, Acsg.n. chint, Ger. t&i,N.sg.m. -is.n,N.sg.m. Ttp.-bh&,Ac.sg. kii,N.sg.m.pastPtcPar.Caus.
This having thought that King a wise men- caused to be made.
assembly

-u*Tnm i hV: ^f%ffT: ^mt i ^rf%

raj 8, uvacha: bho bhos panditas, sruyatam; asti
-fan,N.sg. ia£h, 3 sg.Perf. Par. Ind. Ind. -t&,V.pi.m. Srii, 3 sg. Imp. Pass. as, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
The King said : O ye wise, be it heard ; Is there

kas-chid evam-bhutas vidvan yas mama putranam nityam

kim, N.sg.m., Ind. Karm. -ta, N.sg.m. -vas, N.sg.m. yad, N. sg. m. asmad, G.sg. -m,G.pi. Ind.
any one such a sage, who of me of the sons constantly
^TR*llf^«11*15TfvriTrf,3XTWTlc!JTf*1^1«lf 'Prf^irT'^tM^ Jprskl
unmarga-glminam an-adhigata-s&stranam idanim niti-Sastra-upadesena punar-janma
Ttp. -min, G. pi. m. Bahuv. -ra, G. pi. m. Ind. Ttp. -sa, I. sg. Karm. -man, Ac. sg.
wrong-ways-going, who have not-read-books, now by behaviour-book- again-birth
instruction
*ufafj mt$: i
karayitum sam-arthas?
kji,J^.CaiM. -tha, N. sg.m.
to effect (is) capable ?

yatas, kachas kanchana-samsarg&t dhatte m&rakatim dyutim

Ind. -ch»JV.«jr. Ttp. -ga, Ab. sg. dM, £sg,Pnis. Atm. -ta, Ac. sgJ". -WyAc.sg.
For, Glass from gold-proximity _ JtccejHs emerald splendour;
 ( 11 ) Y

tatha sat-sannidhanena murkhas y&ti pravinatam. (41)

Ind. Ttp. -na, I. sg. -kha, JV. sg. m. yft, 3 sg. Prei. Par. -ta, Ac. sg.
thus through the good-vicinity a fool goes to cleverness.

uktam cha, hiyate hi matis tata hinais saha sam-a-gamat

vach, N. sg. n. Ind. ha, 3 sg. Ind. -ti, N.sg. -ta, F. »0. hi, I. pi. m. past Ind. -ma, Ab. sg.
past Ptc.Pass. Pres. Pass. Ptc. Pass. Prep.
Said and, It is low- truly the intelli- my dear, low persons with through
ered gence, intercourse,

«wdi*tf?r fafiuiq f^firgfTt 11 11

samais cha samatam eti vi-slshtais cha viSishtatam. (42)
-ma, I.pi. m. Ind. -it,Ac.sg. 1,3 sg. Pres. Par. -ta,/.pi. m. Ind. -t&.Ac.sg.
with equals and to equality it goes, with distinguished and to distinction.

atra antare vishnusarman-nama maha-panditas sakala-niti-sastra-tattva-jnas

Ind. -r&,L.sg. liahuv. -man, N. sg. m. Karm.-l&,N.sg.m. Ttp. -jna, JV. sg. m.
There meanwhile Vishnusarman-named a great-scholar of all-behaviour-books-the
essence-knowing

brihas-patis iva abravit: deva, maha-kula-sambhutas ete rajan-putras ;

Ttp. -ti, N.sg. Ind. br<l,3 sg. Impf. Par. -v&,V.sg. Tip. -ta, N. pi. m. etad.JV.jrt.m. Ttp.-n,N.pi.
Brihaspati like spoke : Sire,, from a great-family- these king's-sons ;
sprung

tad may& nitim gr&hayitum Sakyante.

Ind. asmaA,I.sg. -ti, Ac. sg. grah, Inf. Caus. &k,Zpi.Pres.Pass.
therefore by me behaviour to accept they can be made.

yatas, na a-dravye ni-hita1 k&-chid kriyi phalavati bhavet

Ind. Ind. Karm. -ya, L.sg. dh&withm,N.sgJ'. kini,JV. Ind. -ylt,,N.sg. •va,t,N'.sg.f. bhu, 3 sg.
past Ptc. Pass. sgj. Pot. Par.
For, Not on aworthless- bestowed any labour fruitful can be,
object
i ^TtjTT^iTft s^Tfqrsm ^r: 1i 8^ ii
na vyapara-Satena api suka-vat pafhyate Vakas (43)
Ind. Ttp. -ta, /. sg. Ind. Ind. path, 3 sg. PresJ'ass. Cans, -ka, N. sg.
not by a hundred of exertions even parrot-like is made to talk a crane.

anyad cha, asmin tu nis-gunam gotre na apatyam upa-jayate

-ya, N.sg.n, Ind. idam, L. sg. n. Ind. Eahuv.-nsi,N.sg.n. -m.L.sg. Ind. -y&,N.sg. jan with una, 3. sg. Pres.
Pass.
Again and, In this but void-of virtue family not offspring is born,

TITOT mKHUIlt «RT ^T^TW: ^fV II 88 II

a-kare padma-ragitnam janma kacha-manes kutas. (44)
-ra, L. sg. Bahuv. -ga, G. pi. -man, N. sg. Karm. -ni, G. sg. Ind.
In a mine of rubies the production of crystal whence ?
c2

w
 ( 12 )

atas aham shash-masa- tava putran niti-sastra-abhijBan karishyami.

abhyantare
Ind. asmaA,N.sg. Ttp.-m,L.sg. yushmad, G.sg. -r&,Ac.pi. Ttp. -jKa, Ac. pi. m. )ee\,lsg.Fut.Par.
Therefore I in a six-months- of thee the sons behaviour-book- will make,
interval knowing

TTwr ^ft*ra i
raj& sa-vinayam punar uvacha:
-jan, N. sg. Avyay. Ind. v»ch, 3 sg. Perf. Par.
The king graciously again spoke : .

Kitas api sumanas-sangat a-rohati iatam 3iras

-ta.JV.s0. Ind. Tip. -ga, Ab. sg. Tvitiwith&.SsgJ'res.Par. /-t.G.pi. -m»,Ac.sg.
A worm even through flower-attachment ascends /of the noble the head,

asmlJ api y&ti devatvam mahadbhis su-pratishthitas. (45)

-man, N.sg. Ind. y&,3sg. Pres. Par. -tva, Ac. sg. -hat, I. pi. m. Karm. -ta, N. sg. m. (rt. sth&)
a stone even goes to divinity by the great well-set up.

anyad cha, yath& udaya-gires dravyam sam-ni-karshena dipyate

-ya,,If.sg.n Ind. Ind. Ttp.-Ti,L.sg. -ya, 2V. *ff. -sha, I.sg. dip, Ssg.Pres. Aim.
Again and, As of the sunrise- a thing through the proximity shines,
mountain

tatha sat-sannidhanena hina-varnas api dipyate. 46

Ind. Ttp. -na, I.sg. Bahuv. -na, N.sg. m. Ind. dtp, 3 sg.Pres. Atm.
thus through the noble-vicinity one of low-caste even shines.

gunas guna-jneshu gunas bhavanti

-na, JV. pi. Ttp. -jus,, L.pi. m. -na, JV. pi. bhft, 3 pi. Pres. Par.
Virtues in virtue-knowers virtues are,

te nis-gunam pra-apya bhavanti doshas ;

tad, N. pi. m. Bahuv.-n&, Ac. sg. m. ap with pra, Ger. bhu, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -sha, N. pi.
they to a virtue-void having come become vices ;

asvadya-toyas pra-bhavanti nadyas

Bahuv. -ya, JV. pi. f. bhft with pra, 3 pi. Pres.Par. -di, 2V. pi.
savoury-water holding rise rivers,

*jj^TT*T37 HTOpfcrr: 11 8*> 11

samudram a-sadya bhavanti a-peyas (47)
-r&,Ac.sg. sad with a, Ger. Catis. bhin,Spl.Pres. Par. Karm. -ya, JV. pi. f.
the sea having reached, they are undrinkable.

I
/
 ( 13 )

tad eteshlm asmat-putranam niti-sastra-upadesaya bhavantas pra-manam.

Ind. etad, G. pi. m. Ttp. -ra, G. pi. Ttp. -sa, D. sg, -vat, N. pi. m. -na, N. sg.
\ Therefore of these of us-the sons for the behaviour- - you the authority.
book-instruction

iti uktv& tasya vishnu-sarmanas bahumana-purahsaram putran

Ind. vach, Get., tad, G. sg. m. -man, G. sg. Ind. -ra, Ac. pi.
Thus having said of that Vishnuiarman by respect preceded the sons

sam-arpitavan. atha prSsada-prishthe sukha-upavishtanam raj an-putranam

ri, with sam, N. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -tha, L. sg. Karm. -ta, G. pi. m. Tpt. -ra, G. z>J.
past. Ptc. Par. Cans. {rt. vis 'with upa).
he made over. Now on the palace- of the comfortably- king's-sons
terrace seated

purastat prastava-kramena sas panditas abravit :

Ind. Ttp. -ma, I. sg tad, N. sg. m. -ta, N. sg. m. bra, 3 sg. Impf. Par.
in front of introduction-by way that learned man said :
^rTanrTwfasfrTT 3»nrr w^fff ^fafri- i
kavya-sastra-vinodena kalas gachchhati dlmnatam
Ttp. -da, I. sg. -la, N. sg. gam, 3 sa. Pres.Par. -mat, G. pi. m.
Through poem-book-entertainment the time passes away of the wise,

3J^T ^ TT^TWT f%T^T *TT II 8^ II

vyasanena cha murkhanam nidray& kalahena (48)
-na. I. sg. Ind. -kha, G. pi. m. -dra, /. sg. -ha, I. sg. Ind.
through vice and of fools, through sleep, through quarrel or.

tad bhavat am vi-nodaya kaka-kurma-adinam vichitram

Ind. -vat, G. pi. m. -da, D. sg. Bahuv. -di, G. pi, m. -tra, Ac. sg.f.
Therefore of you for the entertainment of the crow-the the wonderful
tortoise-etc.
|^rre ^T^fTT I
katham kathayami. rajan-putrais uktam : arya kathyatam.
-tha, Ac. sg. kath, 1 sg. Ttp. -ra, I. pi. vach, N. sg. n. past -ya, V. sg. kath, 3 sg. Imp. Pass
Pres. Par. Ptc. Pass.
story I tell. By the princes said : Reverend Sir, it may be told.

visbnu-sarma uvacha : srinuta ; ' samprati mitra-labhas pra-stuyate, yasya

-man, Ar. sg. vach, 3 si;, sru, 2 pi. ImpX Ind. Ttp. -bha, N. sg. stu with pra, 3 sg. i yad, G. sg. m.
Perf.Par. Par. i 1 Pres. Pass.
Vishnusarman said : Listen ; now the friend- is introduced, of which
acquisition
wT^>: 11
ayam adyas slokas :
idam, N. sg. m, -ya, N. sg. m. -ka, JV. sg.
this the first verse :
 ( 14 )

II
fawro: ii
MITEA-LABHAS.
Ttp. -Vha,,N. sg.
FRIEND-ACQUISITION.

ww ftrrfrn gfrnr: wtPRT: i

a-sadhanas vitta-hin&s buddhimantas suhrittamas
Sahuv. -na, X. pi. m. Ttp. -na, N. pi. m. {rt. ha), -mat, N.pi. m. su-hrid, N. pi. m. Superl.
Having no-means, of wealth-destitute, the wise, (if) very friendly,

^ry*ic*jrJ4 ^»r&Tf% * 1*^^11^^ 11 \ 11

sadhayanti karyani (1)
sadh, 3 pi. Pres. Ac. sg. ru, Adv. -ya, Ac. pi. Dvandva, with aff. vat. Ind.
Par. Cans.
accomplish quickly purposes like-the crow-the tortoisc-the deer-the mouse.

rajan-putras uchus : katham etad ? vishnu-sarm& kathayati :

Ttp. -ra, N. pi. vach, 3 pi. Perf. Par. Ind. etad, JV. sg. n, .man, If. sg. kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
The princes said: 'How that?' Vishnusarman relates:

asti god&vari-tire visalas salmali-tarus ; tatra

} sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. -la, N. sg. m. Karm. -ru, If. sg. Ind.
There is on the GodaVari-bank a large silk cotton-tree ; thereon

nana-diS-desat S-gatya ratrau pakshinas ni-vasanti. atha

Ttp. -sa, Ab. sg. gam with a, Ger. -ri, L. sg. -shin, If. sg. m. vas with ni, 3 pi. Ind.
Pres. Par.
from various-region-country having arrived at night birds dwell. Now

kada-chid ava-sannayam ratrau astachala-cliuda-avalambini bhagavati

Ind. Ind. sad with ava, L. sg.f. -ri, L. sg. Ttp. -bin, L. sg. nu -vat, L. sg. m.
past Ptc. Pass.
once, being ended the night, while on setting-mountain- the venerable
crest-resting

kumudini-nayake chandraroasi laghupatanaka-nama vayasas pra-buddhas

Ttp. -ka, L. sg. m. -mas, L. sg. Sahuv. -man, If. sg. m. -sa, N.sg. budh with pra, N. sg. m.
past Ptc. Pass.
lotus-lover the moon, Laghupatanaka-named a crow, being awake,
 ( 15 )

kritantam iva dvitiyam a-yantam vyadham apasyat. tarn

-ta, Ac. sg. Ind. -ya, Ac. sg. n. ya with a. Ac. sg. m. -dha, Ac. sg. dris, S sg. Impf. tad, Ac. sg. m,
Ptc. Pres. Par. ' Par.
Death like approaching a hunter saw. Him

ava-lokya achintayat : adya pratar eva anishta-darsanam

lok with ava, Ger. chint, 3 sg. Impf. Par. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -na. If. sg.
having seen he reflected : To day early indeed of unwished-the sight

jatam ; na jane kim an-abhimatam darsayishyati

Jan, N. sg. n. past Ind. jfia, 1 sg. Pres. Ac.sg.n. Karm. -ta, Ac. sg. n. dris, 3 sg. Put.
Ptc. Pass. (rt. man with abhi) il. Par. Caus.
produced ; not do I know, what disagreeable it will show.

m uktva tad-anusarana-kramena vyakulas chalitas.

Ind. vaoh, Ger. T<p.-ma, /. sg. -la, N. sg. m. chal, X. sg.m. past Ptc. Pass.
Thus having said by way-of following-him perplexed he moved about.

*m: i
yatas, soka-sthana-sahasrani bhaya-sthana-Satani cha
Ind. Ttp. -m.,N.pi. Ttp. -t&.If.pi. Ind.
For, Of sorrow-occasions-thousands, of fear-occasions-hundreds and

divase divase mudham a-visanti na panditam. (2)

-sa, L. sg. -sa, L. sg. muh, Ac. sg. m. past vis, with a, 3 pi. Ind. -ta, Ac. sg. m.
Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.
by day by day the fool approach, not the wise.

anyad cha, vishayinam idam avasyam kartavyam.

-ya N sg. n. Ind. -yin, G. pi. m. idam, N. sg. n. Ind. kri, N. sg. n. Ptc. Put.Pass.
Again and ; Of men of the world this surely to be done.

ud-sthaya ud-sthaya boddhavyam mahat bhayam upa-sthitam,

stha with ud, sth&,_iOT<A ud, kpdh- !?- »- ■*- f- HI- »• -ya, N. sg. stha,, with upa, N.
JV. Sisg. n.
Ger. Ger. _ _ _ Ptc.Fut.
' Pass. past Ptc. Pass.
Having risen, having risen, it is to be thought, great danger impending,

*Kutekn5nifarrTf f**i*l f*roffl*if7T 11 ^ 11

marana-vyadhi-sokanam kim adya ni-patishyati ? (3)
Dvandva. -ka, G. pi. kim, N. sg. n. Ind. pat, with ni, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.
of death-sickness-sorrow which to-day will fall down ?

atha tena vyadhena tandula-kanan vi-kirya jalam

Ind. tad, I. sg. m. -dha, sg. Ttp. -na, Ac. pi. krl, with vi, Ger. -la, JV. «p.
Then by that hunter rice-grains having scattered, a net
 ( 16 )

vi-stirnam ; sas cha pra-chhannas bliutv& sthitas.

stri, with vi, N. sg. n. tad, N, sg. m. Ind. chhad, with pra, N. sg. m. bhu, Ger. stha, N. sg. m.
'past Ptc. Pass. past Ptc. Pass. past Ptc. Pass.
was spread ; he and hidden having been stood.

tasmin eva kale chitragriva-nam& kapota-rajas sa-pariv&ras

tad, L. sg. m. Ind. -la, L. >g. Sahmt. -man, N. sg. m. Ttp. -ja, N. sg. Sahuv. -ra, JV. sg. m.
At that very time Chitragriva-named a pigeon-king wilh-retinue

viyati vi-sarpan tan tandula-kanan ava-lokay&m-&8a. tatas

-t, L. sg. srip, with vi, N. sg. m. tad, Ac. pi. m. Ttp. -na, Ac. pi. lok, with ava, 3 sg. Perf. Par. Ind.
Ptc.Pres. Par.
in the air flying-about those rice-grains espying-was. Then

kapota-rajas tandula-kana-lubdhan kapotan prati-&ha : kutas atra

Ttp. -ja. 2V. sg. Ttp. -dba, Ac. pi. m. (rt. lubh) -ta, Ac. pi. ah, with prati, 3 sg. Ind. Ind.
the pigeon- the rice-grains desiring pigeons addressed : Whence here
king

nis-jane vane tandula-kanan&m sam-bhavas? tad ni-rupyatam tavat!

Bahuv. -na, -na, L. sg. Ttp. -na, G. pi. -va, N. sg. tad, N. nip, with ni, 3 sg. Ind.
L. sg. n. sg. n. Imp. Pass.
in the wood of rice-grains the produc- That may be in- first !
lonely tion ? vestigated,

bhadram idam na pa^y&mi. prayena anena tandula-kana-lobhena

-ra, Ac. idam. Ac. Ind.^^fdriijl sg. -ya, I. sg. idam, I. Ttp. -bha, /. sg.
sg. n. sg» m " ^-l*res.Par. Adv. sg. m.
Fortunate this not I do consider. Possibly through this rice-grain-desire

asmabhis api tatha bhavitavyam,

asuiad, I.pi. Ind. Ind. bhft, N. sg. n. Ptc. Fut. Pass.
by us also thus to be fared,

kankanasya tu lobhena magnas panke su-dustare

-na, G. sg. Ind. -bha, I. sg. majj, N. sg. m. -ka, L. sg. Kami, -ra, L. sg. n. or m.
past Ptc. Pass.
of gold (but) through desire plunged in a mire very-difficult-to be crossed,

vriddba-vy&ghrena sam-pra-&ptas pathikas sas mritas yatha\ (4)

Karm. -ra, I. sg. ap, with sam and pra, -ka, N. sg. tad, JV. mri, N. sg. m. Ind.
N. sg. m. jiast Ptc. Pass. sg. m. past Ptc, Pass.
by an old-tiger seized wanderer that dead as.

kapotSs uchus : katham etad ? sas abravit :

-ta, IV. Sg% vaoh, 3 pi. Perf. Par. Ind. etad, N. sg. n. tad, JV. sg. m. brft, 3 sg. Impf. Par.
The pigeons said : how that ? He said :
 ( 17 )

aham ekada dakshina-aranye charan apasyam, ekas vriddha-vyaghras snatas

asruad, Ind. Karm. -ya, L. sg. char, N. sg m. dris, 1 sg. eka, JV. Karm. -ra, N. sg. sna, N. sg. m.
N. sg. Pres. Ptc. Par. Impf. Par. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
I once in the south- roaming saw, An old-tiger bathed
ern-wood

kusa-hastas saras-tire brute : bho bhos pantha, idam

Bahuv. -ta, N. sg. m. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. bra, 3 sg. Pres.Atm. Ind. Ind. -tha, V. sg. idam, N. sg. n.
with kusa grass- on a lake-bank says : Ho, ho, wanderer, this
in his hand

suvarna-kankanam grftiyatam ! a\ tatas lobha-akrisbtena kena-chid panthena

Ttp. -na. N. sg. grah, 3 sg. / J \ Ind. Ttp. -$a I. sg. m. kim, Ind. -tha, I. sg.
Imp. Pass. I 1 (rt. krish with a) I. sg.m.
gold-bracelet may be taken ! Then by a desire-attracted some wanderer

&-lochitam : bhagyena etad sam-bhavati ; kim-tu asmm atman-sandehe

loch with a, N. sg. -ya, I. sg. etad, N. bha with sam, Ind. Ind. idam,*£. Ttp. -ha, L. sg.
n. past Ptc. Pass. sg. n. 3 sg. Pres. Par. sg. m.
it was considered : luckily this happens ; but in this life-risk

pra-vrittis na vi-dheya ;
-ti, N. sg. Ind. dha with vi, N. sg.f. Ptc. Fut. Pass.
engagement not to be made ;

yatas, an-ishtat ishta-Lbhe api na gatis jayate Subha,

Ind. Karm. -ta, Ttp. -bha, L. sg. Ind. Ind. -ti, N. sg. jan, 3 „sg. -bha, N.
Ab. sg. (rt. ish). Pres. Atm. sg,f.
For, From an on pleasure- even not a result is produced prosperous,
unpleasant one reception
«nrT^i f^rt**rf swt fT«efa *rm? II * i1
yatra aste visha-samsargas a-mritam tad apt mrityave. (5)
Ind. as, 3, sg. Ttp. -ga, N. sg. Bahuv. -ta, tad, JV. Ind. -yu, D. sg.
Pres.Atm. sg. n.
.where there lies poison-mixture, Ambrosia that even for death.

kim-tu sarvatra artha-arjane pra-vrittis sam-dehas eva.

Ind. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -na, L. sg. -ti. N. sg. -ha, N. sg. Ind.
However everywhere in wealth- acquisition engaging risk certainly.

tath& cha uktam, * na sam-sayam an-aruhya naras bhadrani pasyati

Ind. Ind. vach, N. sg. n. Ind. -ya, Ac. sg. an before ruh -ra, JV. sg. .ra, Ac. pi. n. driS, 3 sg.
past Ptc. Pass. with a, Ger. Pres.Par.
Thus and said, Not risk not-having a man prosperity beholds,
encountered

sam-sayam punar a-ruhya yadi jivati pasyati. (6)

-ya, Ac. sg. Ind. ruh with a, Ger. Ind. jtv, 3 sg. Pres. Par. dris, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
risk on the con having en if he lives, he sees (it).
trary countered,
-I..
( 18 )

tad ni-rupay&mi tavat. pra-kasam brute: kutra tava kankanam?

tad, Ac. rup with ni, 1 sg. Ind. Ind. bru, \sg. Ind. yushmad, -na, N. sg.
»g. n. Pres. Par. Pres. Attn. G. sg.
That I investigate then. Aloud he says : Where of thee the bracelet ?

vyaghras hastam pra-sarya darsayati. panthas avadat: katham

-ra, N. sg. -ta, Ac. sg. ' sri pra, dris 3 sg. Pres. -tha, JV. vad, 3 -TjkZ.
Gee. Caws. Par. Cms. Impf. Par.
The tiger the paw having stretched- shows. The wan- said : How
forth derer

mara-atmake tvayi vi-svasas? vyaghras uvacha: srinu re pantha!

Balmv. -ka, L. yushmad, -sa. N. sg. -ra, N. sg. vach, 3 sg. sru, 2 sg. Ind. -tha, V. sg.
sg. m. (atman) _ L. sg. Perf. Par. Imp. Par.
in the mur- in thee confidence? The tiger said: Listen O wanderer!
der-minded

prak eva
yauvana- ati-durvrittas asam. aneka-go- badhat me
dasayam manushanam
prach, Ac. Ind. Ttp. -sa, Karm. -tta, N. as, 1 sg. Karm. -sha, <?. pi. -dha, Ab. asmad,
sg. n. Adv. t t L. sg. sg. m. Impf. Par. sg. G. sg.
For- indeed in the youth- exceedingly- 1 was. Of many- cows- because of of me
merly period wicked (and) -men the murder,

putras mrit&s daras cha varhia-hinas cha aham.i tatas kena-chid dharmikena
-ra, N. mri, N. pi. m. -ra, N. Ind. Ttp.-m,N. Ind. asmad,- Ind. kim.I.sg.m. -ka, I. sg. m.
pi. past Ptc. Pass. pi. sg. m. (ha)_ N. sgt , Ind.
the sons dead, wife and,.. family-deprived and I. jJThen by some virtuous

ahatn a-dishtas : d&na-dharma-adikam charatu bhav&n. ' tad-upadeslt idanim aham

asmad, dis with a, N. sg. Sahuv. -ka, Ac. char, 3 sg. -vat, JV. Ttp. -sa, Ab. sg. Ind. asmad,
N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. t sg. n. (adi) Imp. Par. sg. m. N. sg.
1 was advised : Liberality-virtue, should you. Of him-because now I
etc. practise of the advice

snana-silas data vriddhas galita-nakha-dantas na katham visvasa-bhumis ?j

Balmv. -la, -tri, If. -dha, N. sg. m. Bahuv. -ta, N. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -mi, N. sg.
N. sg. m. sg. m.
ablution- charitable, old, having lost-claws- not how a confidence-
observing, (and)-teeth object ?

yatas, ^ ijya-adhyayana-danani tapas satyam dhritis ksham&

Ind. Dvandva. -na, JV. pi. -as, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. -ti, N. sg. -ma, N. sg.
For, Sacrificing-study-charity, penance, truth, firmness, forgiveness,

a-lobhas iti margas ayam dharmasya ashtan-vidhas smritas; (7)

Karm. -bha, N.sg. Ind. -g&,N.sg. idam, N.sg. -ma, G. sg. Bahuv. -dha,N.sg.m. smri.N.sg. m. past.
Ptc. Pass.
want-of desire, thus way this of virtue the eight-fold is recorded ;
 ( 19 )

tatra purvas chatur-vargas dambha-artham api sevyate ;

Ind. -va, N. sg. m. Dvigu. -ga, N.sg. m. Ind. (-tha, Ac.sg.) Ind. sev, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
There the former four-collection for simulation's sake also is attended to;

^tk^ *ifi4nt jtsTw^ firef?r ii * ii

uttaras tu chatur-vargas maha-atmani eva tishthati (8)
-ra,Jv'. sg. m. Ind. Dvigu. -ra, N.sg. Bahuv. -man, L. sg.m. Ind. stha, 3«0. Pres. Par.
the latter but four-collection in the great- minded only stands.

mama cha et&van Iobha-virahas yena sva-hasta-stham api suvarna-kankanam

asmad, Ind. -vat, N. Tip. -h&,It.sg. yad,/^. «. Ttp. -stha, Ac. sg.n. Ind. Ttp. -\)&,Ac sg.
G.sg. sg. m. Adv.
Of me and such desire-freedom that in the own-hand- even the gold-bracelet
standing

Mff gr^f^T^fa^Tfij I fTOTfa WTWt WT^fft-

yasmai kasmai-chid datum ichclihami. tatha api vyaghras m&nusham khadati
yad, D. kim, D. Ind. da, Inf. ish, 1 sg. Ind. Ind. -m,N.sg. -sha, Ac.sg. 1thtkd,Ssg.Pres.
sgm. sg.m. Pres. Par. Par.
to any-body to give I wish. So even, ' the tiger the man devours,'

iti loka-pravadas dus-niv&ras.

Ind. Ttp. -da, N.sg. -ra, N. sg. m.
thus the world-report difficult-to be overcome.

yatas, gata-anugatikas lokas kuttamm upa-deiinim

Ind. Bahuv. -ka, N. sg. m. -ka,,N£g. -nl, Ac.sg. -Sin, Ac.sg.f.
For, The predecessor-following world a bawd as instructress

ww^f?r *m *frrr*Tfq fit* 11 £- 11

pramSnayati nas dharme yatha go-ghnam api dvi-jam. (9)
pramanaya, 3 sg. Pres. Par. asmad, D.pi. -ma, L. sg. Ind. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. m. Ind. -ja, Ac.sg. m.
holds up as a model to us in virtue, as a cow-killing also a twice-born.

may& cha dharma-s&strani adhi-itani. srinu !

asmad, I. sg. Ind. Ttp. -ra, N. pi. i with adhi, N. pi. n. past Ptc. Pass. Sru, 2. sg. Imp. Par.
By me and of religion-the books read. Listen ;

TWW *tot ^fs: ^fT^ *TV^R fim I

maru-sthaly&m yatha vrishtis kshudha-arte bhojanam tatha,
Ttp. -11, L. sg. Ind. -ti, N. sg. Ttp. -ta, L. sg. m. -na, JV. sg. Ind.
In a desert-place as rain, in the hunger-pained food thus,

^T*f?r ^T*r *ror tft^*npr 11 \° 11

daridre. diyate d&nam sa-phalam pandu-nandana. (10)
-ra, L. sg. m. da, 3 sg. Pres. Pass. -na, N. sg. Bahuv. -la, N. sg. ». Ttp. -na, V. sg.
Unto a poor is given a gift fruitful, O Pandu-son.
D2

\
 ( 20 )

pranas yatha atmanas abhi-isbtas bhutanam api te tatha

•Tf&,N.pi. Ind. -man, G. sg. ish with abhi,JV.pZ. m. -ta, G.pi. n. Ind. tad, AT. Ind.
past Ptc. Pass. pi. m.
Life as of oneself dear, of living beings also it thus,

^Tfjftwr ^iffr rore: II u 11

atman-aupamyena bhuteshu dayam kurvanti sadbavas. (11)
Ttp. -ya, I. sg. -ta, L.pi. ». -y&,Acc.sg. kri, 3 pi. -dhu, N,pi. m.
v Pres. Par.
Through self-comparison junto living beings sympathy bestow the good.

aparam cha, prati-a-khyane cha dane eha sukha-duhkhe priya-aprlye

.T&,N.sg.n. Ind. -na, L. sg. Jnd. .n&,L.sg. Ind. Dvandva.-lgh&,L.sg. Dvandva.-y&,L.sg.
Another and, In refusing and, in granting and, in pleasure- in pleasing-
(and) pain, (and) displeasing,

^mafr^T 3^: nww^faT^fir ii ^ 11

atman-aupamyena purushas pra-manam adhi-gachehhati. (12)
Ttp. -ya, I. sg. -sha, If. sg. -na, Ac. sg. gam with adhi, 3 sg. Pres.Par.
through self-comparison a man a scale obtains.

anyad clia, matri-vat para-dareshu para-dravyeshu loshta-vat

-y&,N.sg.n. Ind. Ind. Ttp. .Ta,, L.pi. Ttp. -ya, L.pi. Ind.
Again and, As-on a mother on another's-wife, on another's-possessions as-on a lump
of earth,
0 «\
atman-vat sarva-bhuteshu yas pasyati sas panditas. (13)
Ind. Karm. -ta,,L.pi.n. yad, N. sg. m. dris Ssg. tad, N.sg. m. -t%N.sg.m.
Pres. Par.
as-on himself on all-beings who looks, he wise.

tvam cha ati-iva dus-gatas, tena tad tubhyam

yushmad, N. sg. Ind. Ind. Ind. Karm. -ta, N. sg. m. tad, /. sg. n. Adv. tad, Ac. sg.n. yushmad, D. &
Thou and exceedingly bad-circumstanced, therefore this to thee

d&tum sa-yatnas aham. tatha cha uktam.

da, Inf. Uahuv. -na, N.sg.m. asmad, N. sg. Ind. Ind. vach, N. sg.n.
past Ptc. Pass.
to give endeavouring I. Thus and said,

daridran bhara kaunteya ma pra-yachchha isvare dhanam,

-ra, Ac. pi. m. bhri, 2 sg. Imp. -ya, V. sg. Ind. yam with pra, 2 sg. -ra, L. sg. -na, Ac. sg.
Par. Imp.Par.
The poor support, 0 son of Kunti, not bestow on a lord wealth,

^nlvfpiY^ w ^tew t%*rhra: 11 \t 11

vyadhitasya aushadham -pathyam, nis-rujasya kim aushadhais? (14)
-ta, G. sg. m. -dha, JV. sg. -ya, N. sg. n. Bahuv. -ja, G. kim Ac. sg. n, -dha, /. pi.
sg. m.
Of the diseased medicine wholesome, of the un- what with drugs ?
diseased

i
I
 ( 21 )

anyad cha, datavyam iti yad dsinam diyate an-upakarine

-ya, N.sg.n. Ind. da, N.'sg.n. Ptc. Ind. ywl,N.sg.n. -n&,N.sg. d&,Ssg. Pres. Karm. -rin,D.sg.m.
Fut. Pass. Pass.
Again and, 'It ought to thus what gift is given to one not-conferring
be given,' benefits,

^ir grra ^ ^ r{%t^ ¥Tfr^^ ft^: II II

dese kale cha patre cha tad danatn sattvikam vidus. (15)
•%&,L.sg. -\&,L.sg. Ind. -r&,L.sg. Ind. -tad, Ac. -n&,Ac.sg. -ka, Ac. vid,Spi.Perf.
sg.n. sg.n. Par.
In place, in time and, unto a worthy and, that gift a true one they record.
person
fRHT *J^fij W*K W&^W TOW I fmt *rT^-
tad atra sarasi Bn&tv& suvarna-kankanam grihana. tatas y&vat
Ind. Ind. -ras, L. sg. ana, Ger. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. grah, 2 sg. Ind. Ind*.
Imp. Aim.
Therefore here in the lake having the gold-bracelet accept. Thereupon while
bathed

asau tad-vachas prati-itas lobhat saraa snatum pra-visati, tavat

adaS,JV. Ttp. -chas, i with prati, N. sg. -Vhst,Ab.sg. -ras,Ac.sg. sti&,Inf. vis, with pra, 3 Ind.
sg.m. Ac.sg. m.past Ptc. Pass. _ sg.PresJ'ar.
he his word trusting through desire the lake to bathe enters, then

maba\-panke ni-magnas palayitum a-kshamas. panke patitara

Karm. -ka, L. sg. majjwtfAni, N.sg. ay witfi para, Karm. -ma, JV. -ka.Z.sg". pat, -de. sff. m.past
m.past. Ptc.Pass. -- Inf. sg.m. Ptc. Pass.
into the great-mire plunged to escape unable. ^ Into the mire the fallen

drishtva vyaghras avadat : abaha maha-panke patitas asi ;

dps, Ger. -ra, N. sg. vad, 3 sg. Impf. Ind. Karm. -ka, L. sg. pat, N. sg. m. as, 2 sg.Pres.
Par. t # pastPtc Pass. Par.
having seen the tiger said : ' Ah, ah, into the great-mire fallen thou art;
_

aham ud-sthapayami, iti uktv& sanais sanais

yushmad, asmad, N. sg. stha ud, 1 »0. Ind. vach, 7»d. /n<Z.
Ac.sg. Pres Par. Cans.
thence thee I lift out,' thus having said, slowly slowly

upa-gamya tena vyaghrena dhritas sas panthas achintayat :

gam with upa, Ger. tad, I. sg.m. -ra, I. sg. dhri, JV. m. tad, JV, -tha, JV. sg. chint, 3 sg. Impf.
past Pass. Ptc. sg. m. Par.
having approached, by that tiger seized that wanderer thought :

na dharma-s&stram pathati iti karanam, •

Ind. Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg. path, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. -na, N. sg.
Not ' the law-book he reads,' thus is a reason,

na cha api veda-adhyayanam dus-atmanas

Ind. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -na, JV. sg. Bahuv. -man, G. sg. m.
not and also the Veda-study of the wicked-minded,
 ( 22 )

sva-bhavas eva atra talba ati-richyate

Karm. -va, N. sg. Ind. Ind. Ind. rich with ati,3 sg.
Pres. Pass.
the inborn-disposition only here thus prevails,

yatha pra-krity& madhuram gavara payas. (16)

Ind. -ti, I. sg. -ra, N. sg. n. go, G. pi. -yas, N. sg.
as by nature sweet of cows the milk.

Kim-cha, avasa-indriya-chittanam hastin-snanam iva . kriya,

Ind. Ind. Bahuv. -tta, G. pi. m. Ttp. -na. JV. sg. Ind. -ya, N. sg.
Moreover, Of those with unsubdued senses- elephant-bathing like the action,
(and)-mind
5*PTT»T^WTTF?t TT*l *TTTI fcWT f^TT II V«> II
durbhaga-abharana-prayas jnanam bharas kriyam vina. (17)
Bahuv. -ya, N. sg. m. -na, N. sg, -ra, N. sg. -ya, Ac. sg. Ind.
Unhappy women's-ornaments-resembling knowledge a burthen action without.

tad mava bhadram na kritam yad atra m&ra-atmake vi-svasas kritas.

tad, N. asmad, -m,N.sg.n. Ind. kri,JV.s^.». 7»d. /»d. Bahuv. -V&, L. sg. m. •s&,N.sg. kri, JV. «(r. m.
«0. p.Pt.Pass. (atman). past Ptc.Pass.
This by me prosperous not done, that here in the murderous- confidence placed.
minded

tatha hi uktam, nadinam sastra-pantnam nakhinam sringin&m tatha,

Ind. Ind. vach.N.sg.n. past -di.G.pi. Bahuv. -ni, G.pi.m. -ia.G.pi.m. -m.G.pi.m. Ind.
Ptc.Pass.
Thus for said, Of rivers, of the weapon-in of the claw of the horn thus,
hand having, possessing, possessing
f^T^Y ^fts TT^fW^l ^ II V= II
vi-svasas na eva kartavyas strishu rajan-kuleshu cha. (18) )
-sa, N. sg. Ind. Ind. kri, N. sg. m. Ptc. Put. Pass. -rl,L.pi. Ttp. -la, L. pi. Ind.
confidence not by any means to be made, in women, in kings' families and.

aparam cha, sarvasya hi pari-ikshyante sva-bhavas na itare gunas;

-m,N.sg.n. Ind. -v%G.sg.m. Ind. IkBh wittpari,3.p£. Karm. -va, If.pi. Ind. -ra, JV. pi. m. -na,JV.pJ.
Pres. Pass.
Another and, Ofevery one indeed are investigated the natural-dis- not the other qualities;
positions,
^nftsr f? ^w^lr^wTsrr ^fS ^ ii \c ii
ati-itya hi gun&n sarv&n sva-bhavas murdhni vartate. (19)
i with ati, Ger. Ind. -pa, Ac.pi. -va, Ac.pi. m. Karm. -va, N, sg. -dhan, L.sg. vrit,S.sg. Pres. Attn.
excelling for qualities all the natural- at the head stands.
disposition

anyad cha, sas hi gagana-vihari kalmasha-dhvamsa-k&rt

-ys.,N.sg.n. Ind. tad, N. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -ri-a, N. sg.m. Ttp. -rin, N. sg. m.
Again and, This indeed in the sky-roaming sin-destruction-causing
 ( 23 )

dasan-Sata-kara-dhari jyotisham madhya-chari

Tip. -rin, N. sg. m. -tis, G. pi. Ttp. -rin, N. sg. m.
ten-hundred-rays-bearing of the lights in the midst-wandering

vidhus api vidhi-yogat grasyate r&hun& asau ;

-dhu, N.sg. Ind. Ttp. -ga, Ab. sg. gras, 3 sg. Pres. Pass, -hu, I.sg. adas, N.sg.m.
the moon even through fate-conjuncture is devoured by Ra.hu he ;

likhitam api lalate pra-ujjhitum kas sam-arthas? (20)

likh, Ac. sg. n. past Ind. -\&,L.sg. ujjh with pra, Inf. kim, N. sg. m. -Van., N.sg.m.
Ptc. Pass.
what is written even on the forehead to-escape who able ?

iti cbintayan eva asau vyaghrena vi-a-paditas khaditas cha. atas

Ind. chint, N. sg. m. Ind. adas, N. sg. m. -m,I.sg. pad«ii<7»via»rfa, khad, If. sg.m. Ind. Ind.
Ptc.Pres.Par. if. sg.m. past Ptc. pastPtcJPass.
Pass. Cans.
Thus reflecting even ] he by the tiger killed, eaten and. Therefore

ahara bravimi: kankanasya tu lobhena iti-adi. atas sarvatha a-vicharitam

asmad, If. sg. brfl, 1 sg. -na, G. sg. Ind. -bha, sg. Ind. Ind. Ind. Karm. -t&, N.sg. n.
Pres. Par. (rt. char urith vi)
I say: 'of gold but through etc' Therefore anyhow an incon-
desire, siderate

karma na kartavyam. yatas,

-man, N.sg. Ind. kxi,N.sg.n. Ptc. Fut. Pass. Ind.
act not to be done. For,

su-jirnam annam su-vichakshanas sutas su-sasita stri nri-patis su-sevitas

Karm. -na, -na, A*. «gr. Karm. -na, -ta, N.sg. Karm. -i&, -ii, N.sg. Ttp.-ti,N.sg. Karm. -ta,
N.sg.n. N.sg.m'. N.sg.f. N.sg.m.
Well-digested food, a well-discerning son, a well-governed wife, a prince well-served,

su-chintya cha uktam su-vicharya yad kritam su-dirgha-kale api na

chint, with so, Ind. v&ch,N.sg.n. char with vi, yad.A'. kri, Njig.n. Karm.-l&, L.sg. Ind. Ind.
Ger. past Ptc.Pass. Ger. Cans. sg. n. past PtcJ?ass.
Well-having and spoken, well-having what done, in very-long-time even not
reflected considered

mfH ftfsref ii ^ ii
yati vi-kriyam. (21)
ya, 3. sg. Pres. Par. -yft, Ac. sg.
goes to change.

etad vachanam srutvsl kas - chid kapotas sa-darpam &ha: ah kim evam uchyate?
etad, -na, Ac.sg. ira, Ger. kim,Ar. Ind. -ta,, N.sg. Avyay. ah, 3 sg. Ind. N. Ind. vach,3««r.
Ac.sp.n. sg.m. Perf.Par. sg.n. Pres.Pass.
This speech having heard some pigeon haughtily said: Ha, what thug is said?
 ( 24 )

vriddhanam vachanam grahyam apad-kale hi upa-sthite,

-d\m,G.pi.m. -na, jv". ss'. grah, N. sg. n. Ptc.Fut.Pass. Ttp. -la, L. sg. Ind. stha with upa, L. sg. m.
past Ptc. Pass.
Of the old the word to be accepted misfortune-time for having approached,

sarvatra eva vi-charena bhojane na pra-vartate. (22)

Ind. Ind. -ra, I. sg. -na, L. sg. Ind. vrit with pra, 3 sg. Pres. Aim.
everywhere indeed with reflecting in eating not one engages.

yatas, sankabhis sarvam a-krantam anm panam cha bbu-tale,

Ind. -k&,I.pi. -va, N. sg. n. kram with a, N. sg. n. -na, N. sg. -n&,N.sg. Ind. TtpAt.Jj.sg.
past Ptc. Pass.
For, By apprehensions everything assailed, food, drink and, on the earth-
surface,

pra-vrittis kutra kartavy& jivitavyam katham nu va ? (23)

-tti, If.sg. Ind. kri, N.sg.f. jiv,N.sg.n. Ind. Ind. 2nd.
Ptc.FutJPass. Ptc. Put. Pass.
occupation where to be made, to be lived how or ?

irshyi ghrmi *u a-santushtas krodhanas nitya-saiikitas

-yin, N.sg.m. -nin, N. sg. m. Ind. Karm. -ta, N. sg. m. -na, N. sg. m, Karm. -ta, N. sg. m.
(rt. tush with sam)
Theenvious, the censorious but, the dig-satisfied, the passionate, the constantly-suspicious,

*R?H7frwtft ^ ^:wTfPr: ii \* ii
para-bhagya-upajivt cha shat ete duhkha-bhaginas. (24)
Ttp. -vin, y. sg. m. Ind. shash, N. etad, N.pi.m. Ttp. -gin, N. pi. m.
the on another's-property-living and, six these misery-sharing.

etad srutv& sarve kapotas tatra upa-vishtas.

etad, Ac, sg. n. Sru, Ger. -va, N. pi. m. -ta, N. pi. Ind. vis, with upa, N.pi.m.pastPtc.Pass.
This having heard all the pigeons there alighted.

I ^JTTTWfa TTOTf% VT^rTY ^^^fTTI I

yatas, su-mahanti api sastrani dhaxayantas bahu-sruias
Ind. Karm. -hat, Ac.pi. n, Ind. -ra, Ac.pl. tfttT\,N.pl.m.Ptc.Pres.Par.Caus. Bahuv.-t&,N.pi.m.{rt.$r\i)
For, Very-great even sciences possessing, . having learned-much,

WtiTt: *wTT ^ firaS *riw>1%fTT: ii ii

chhettaras sam-say&nain cha klisyante lobha-mohitas. (25)
-tri, N. pi. >». -ya, G. pi. Ind. klis, 3 pi. Pres. Atm. Ttp. -ta, N. pi. m. (rt. muh)
dispellers of doubts and, are pained by desire-infatuated.

anyad cha, lobhat krodhas pra-bhavati lobhat kamas pra-jayate,

-ya, N.sg.n. Ind. -bha, Ab. sg. -dha, N. sg. bhU with pra, -bha, Ab. sg. -ma, N, sg. jan with pra.
3 sg. Pres. Par. 3 sg. Pres. Atm.
Again and, From desire passion springs, from desire lust is born,
 ( 25 )

^rrwsfrrg *rnpsr *rta: nTw ^tct^ h ^ h

lobhat mohas cha, nasas cha; lobhas p&pasya karanam. (26)
-bha, Ab.sg. -ha.,N.sg. Ind. -sa, N. sg. Ind. -bim,N.sg. -pa, G. sg.n. -na,N.sg.
from desire infatuation and, destruction and ; desire of evil the cause.
^RfW I TOR %*T*pra 5p?i fraTfa ^Tift *T*W I
anyad cha, a-sambhavam hema-mrigasya janma, tatha api r&mas lulubhe mrigaya;
-ya,JV. Ind. Bahuv. -va, N. Ttp. -ga, G. sg. -man, Ind. Ind. -mat,N.sg. lubh.3s^. -ga,D.sg.
sg.n. sg.n. N.sg. Perf. Attn.
Again and, Impossible the gold-deer's birth, yet thus even Rama had a de- for the
sire deer ;
-rT*t: ♦j*im^faMpri+ii- fwr sfq TOT *Tt%TT ^f?T II II
pr&yas samapanna-vipatti-kale dhiyas api pumsam. malinas bhavanti. (27)
Ind. Ttp. -la, L. sg. (rt. pad with sam-a) dhl, N.pi. Ind. pums, G.pi. -m,N.pi.f. bha, 3 pi.
Pres. Par.
often at the approached- misfor- the minds even of men obscured become,
tune's-time

an-antaram sarve jalena baddh&s babhuvus. tatas yasya va^I'.anat

Ind. -v&,N.pi.m. -\&,I.sg. \mu&h, If. pi. m. bhu,3j>J. Ind. y&d,G.sg.l». -na,Ab.sg.
past Ptc. Pass. Perf. Par.
Immediately all by the net caught were. Then whose through
speech
Tm^fafTTW ^ fd<^tt?T I
tatra ava-lambitas tam sarve tiras-kurvanti.
Ind. lamb with ava, If. pi. m. tad, Ac. sg. m. -va, N. pi. m. kri with tiras, 3 pi.
past. Ptc. Pass. ' Pres. Par.
there descended, him all reproach.

yatas, na ganasya agratas gachchhet, siddhe karye samam phalam,

Ind. Ind. -na, G. sg. Ind. gam, 3 sg. sidh, L. sg. n. -ya, L. sg. -ma, N. -la, N. sg.
Pot. Par. past Ptc. Pass. sg.n.
For, not of a mass in front one should go; succeeding the action, equal the fruit,
^i4Rm(%: ^pR^R ii ^ ii
yadi karya-vipattis syat mukharas tatra hanyate. (28)
Ind. Ttp. -tti, N. sg. as, 3 sg. Pot. Par. -r&,N.sg.m. Ind. ban, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
if action-failure should be, the leader there is slain.

tasya tiras-karam srutva chitra-grivas uvacha : na ayam asya doshas ;

tad, G. -Tst,Ac.sg. sru, Ger. Bahuv. -va, vaoh,3s0. Ind. idam, JV. idam, G. -sha,JV. sg.
sg, m. N. sg. Perf. Par. sg. m. sg. m.
Of him the reproach having Chitragriva said : Not this of him the fault ;
heard

yatas, a-padam &-patantinam hitas api a-yati hetutam ;

Ind. -pad, G.pi. pat with a, G. pi.f. -ta, N. sg. m, Ind. ytwith&.Ssg. -t&,Ac.sg.
Ptc. Pres. Par. Pres. Par.
For, Of misfortunes arriving a friend even goes-to the state of being
the cause ;
*rre^terr f% whrefr 11 v. 11
nmiyi-jatigh& hi vatsasya stambhi-bhavati bandhane. (29)
Ttp. -glia, N. sg. Ind. -s&.G.sg. stambhi-blul, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -na, L. sg.
the mother's-leg for of a calf post-becomes in the fastening
E
 ( 26 )

anyad cha, 6as Baa bandhus yas vi-pannanam apad-uddharana-kshamas,

»ya, JV. sg. n. Ind. tad, JV. dhu, JV. sg. yad, y. sg. m. padwithvi, G.pi. Ttp. -ma, JV. sg. m.
m.past Ptc. Pass.
Again and, fie"" a friend who of the afflicted out of misfortune-to lift-
able,
t fj *ndMR^I1N^MI^mif%fT: II \° II
na tu bhita-paritr&na-vastu-upalambha-panditas. (30)
Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, JV. m.
Not but the danger-deliverance-means-reproaching-clever.

vipad-kale vi-smayas eva kapurusha-lakshanam. Ud atra dhairyam

2Vp. -la, L. sg. -ya, JV. sg. Ind. Ttp. -na, JV. sg. Ind. Ind. -ya, Ac. sg.
At misfortune-time amazement just a weak-man's- Therefore here firmness
mark.

ava-lambya prati-karas chintyatam.

lamb with ava, Ger. -ra, JV7. sg. chint, 3 sg. Imp. Pass.
embracing a-remedy let be thought of.

yatas, vi-padi dhairyam, atha abhi-ud-aye kshamA,

Ind. -pad, L. sg. -ya, JV. sg. Ind. -ya, L. sg. -ma, JV. sg.
For, In misfortune firmness, further in prosperity moderation,

sadasi v&ch-patuta, yudhi vi-kramas,

-das, L. sg. Ttp. -ta, JV. sg. -dh, L. sg. -ma, JV. sg.
in an assembly word-cleverness, in battle heroism,

yasasi cha abhi-ruchis, vyasanam sYutau,

-sas, L. sg. Ind. -chi, JV. sg. -n»,y.sg. -tl.L.sg.
in glory and contentment, diligence in sacred study,

prakriti-siddham idam hi mahat-itmanam. (31)

Ttp. -dba, JV. sg. n. (rt. sidh) idam, JV. sg. rt, Ind. Bahuv. -man, G. pi.
by nature-accomplished this indeed of the great-minded.

sam-padi yasya na harshas, vi-padi vi-sadas, rane cha dhiratvam,

-pad, L. sg. yad, G. sg. m. Ind. -sha, JV. sg. -pad, L. sg. -da, JV. sg. -na, L. sg. Ind. -tva, JV. sg.
In happiness whose not exultation, in misfortune despair, in battle and firmness,

7T ^^FPref7T^ 3R*ff?T ^f! fwT^T II ^ II

tam bhuvana-traya-tilakam janayati janani sutam viralam. (32)
tad, Ac. sg. m. Ttp. -ka, Ac. sg. jan^
jan, 38 sg.Pres. -ni, JV. sg. -ta, Ac. sg. m. A&,Ac. sg. n.Adv.
Par. Caus.
him a world-triad-ornament bears a mother rarely.
 ( 27 )

anyad cha, shat doshas purushena iha hatavyas bhutim ichchhata,

-j»,N.sg.n. Ind. shash.JV. -sha,Ar.»Z. -sha, I. sg. Ind. M.,N.pl.m.Ptc. -ti,Ac.sg. ish, sg. m.
Put. Pass. Ptc. Pres. Par.
Again and, Six faults by a man here to be avoided,, prosperity wishing,

f%3TT <f?T ^ WtQ ft^^fTT II ^ II

nidr& tandr& bhayam krodhas alasyam dirgha-sutrata. (33)
-ra, N. sg. -ra, JV. s^. -ya, JV. -dha, JV. sg. -ya, JV. sff. -ta, N. sg.
Sleep, sloth, fear, anger, laziness, procrastination.

idanim api evam kriyatam; sarvais ekachitti-bhuya jalam a-daya ud-diyatam.

Ind. Ind. Ind. kri, 3sgJmp. .vaj.pi. ekachittl-bhd, Ger. An, Ac. &&.with&, dtwiifcud.3
. ' Pass. m. sg. Ger. sg.Imv.Pass.
At present also thus maybe by all of one-mind- the net having up-may be
acted; being, taken, flown.

_
vastunam sam-hatis karya-s&dhik&,
-tu, G. pi. -ti, HT. sg. Ttp. -dhaka, N. sg.f.
even things a combination aim-accomplishing,

fa ^rrr^m: ii ^» ii
gunatvam a-pannais badhyante matta-dantinas. (34)
-na, I. pi. «i.or». -tv&,Ac.sg. pad with a, I.pl. b&nSh,S pi.Pres. Karm.-tm,N'.pi.(rt.mad).
m.om.pastPtc.Pass. Pass.
with grass blades, a rope's state having attained, are bound furious-elephants.

sam-hatis sreyasi pumsam sva-kulais alpakais api,

-ti, If. sg. jmsasya,.^i.sg.f.Compar. pums, G.pi. Karm. -la, I. pi. -ka, I. pi. ». Ind.
Combination better of men with their-families small even,

?5WTfa nRstw *r JPcNft w&n: II II

tushena api pari-tyaktas na pra-rohanti tandulas. (35)
-sha, I. sg. Ind. tyaj with pari, N.pi. m. Ind. ruh with pra, 3pU -la, N. pi.
past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.
by the husk merely deserted not grow-up rice-grains.

iti vi-chintya pakshinas sarve jalam &-daya ud-patitas.

Ind. chint with vi, Ger. -shin,JV. -v&,N.pi.m. -\&,Ac.sg. dAwitht, ipat,with\x&,N.pi.m.
m pi.m. Ger. past Ptc. Pass.
Thus having considered, the birds all the net having taken, flown-up.

an-antaram sas vyadhas su-durat jala-apaharakan tan ava-lokya

Ind. tad, N. -dha,,N.sg. Ind. Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m. tad, Ac. lokwttttava,
«»"-j». pi.m. Ger.
Thereupon that hunter from very-far net-carrying off them having seen,

paschat dhavan achintayat :

Ind. &hkv,N.sg.m. Ptc. Pres. Par. <Annt,Ssg.ImRf.Par.
after running, thought :
E2
 ( 28 )

sam-hatas tu haranti ete mama jalam vibam-gamas,

han withs&m, N. pi. m. Ind. hji,3 pi. Pres. etad, N. asmad, G. sg. As.,Ac.sg. -ma, N. pi.
past Ptc. Pass. Par. pi.m.
Combined indeed take away these of me the net the birds,

K^T (5 f*P?f?Nf% T5l^f% * 7T^T II ^ II

yada tu ni-patishyanti vasam eshyanti me tad&. (36)
Ind. Ind. j>s,twithm,3pi.Fut,iLPar. -s&,Ac.sg. i, 3 pi. Put. ii. Par. asmad, G. sg. Ind.
if but down-they shall fall, into the power they will go of me then.

7T7T% ^f^^Tf^% Vfa$ * Weft

tatas teshu chakshus-vishaya-atikr&nteshu pakshishu sas vyadhas
Ind. tad,L.pi.m. Ttp. -ta, L. pi. m. (rt. kram with ati) -shin, L. pi.m. tad,N. sg.m. -Sh&,A'.sg.
Then those the sight-confines-having passed birds, that hunter

ni-vrittas. atha lubdhakam ni-vrittam drisbtva kapotlls

vrit with ni.N.sg.m. past Ind. -k&,Ac.sg. vritwittini, Ac.sg.m. dris, Ger. -ta,N.pi.
Ptc. Pass. past Ptc. Pass.
returned. Now the hunter returned having seen the pigeona

fichus : kim idanim kartum uchitam ? chitra-grivas uvacha:

vach, 3 pi. kim, Ac. sg. n. Ind. kri, Inf. -ta, N. sg. «. Bahuv. -va, N. sg. vach, 3 sg. Perf. Par.
Perf. Par.
said : What now to do proper ? Chitragriva said :
*TT7TT f*H fW %f?T ^W^Tf^fT^ f%ff 1
mata mitram pita cha iti sva-bhavat tritayam hitam;
-tri, jV. sg. -r&,N.sg. -tri, N. sg, Ind. Ind. Karm. -va, Ab. sg. -ya, N.sg. -\&,N.sg.n.
A mother, a friend, a father and, thus from inborn-disposition a triad friendly ;

rgra uifH f%fT^*r: 11 11

karya-karana-tas cha anye bhavanti hita-buddhayas. (37)
Dvandva. with tas. Ind. -y&,N.pi.m. btrdi, Spi. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -dhi, N. pi. m.
from effect-and-cause and others become friendly-minded.

tad asmakam mitram hiranyakas nama mushika-rajas gandaki-tire

Ind. asmad, G.pi. -ra, N. sg. -\&,N.sg. -man, Ac.sg. Adv. Ttp.-]\N.sg. Tip. -ra, L. sg.
Now of us a friend Hiranyaka by name, a mouse-king, on the Gandaki-
bank

chitra-vane ni-vasati; sas asmakam pasan chhetsyati.

Karm. -na, L. sg. vsawitJim.Ssg. tad, N.sg.m. asmad, G.pi. -s&, Ac.pi. chhid, 3 sg.
Pres. Par. Put. ii. Par.
in the Chitra-wood dwells; he of us the fetters will cut.

iti a-lochya sarve hiranyaka-vivara-samipam gat&s. hiranyakas cha

Ind. loch with &,Ger. -va, N.pl. m. Ttp. -pa,, Ac. sg. Adv. gam, N.pi.m.past -\&,N.sg. Ind.
Ptc. Pass.
Thus having reflected all Hiranyaka's-hole-near gone. Hiranyaka and
 ( 29 )

sarvada apaya-s sata-dvaram vi-varam kritv& m-vasati.

Ind. Ttp. -ka, I. sg. Bahuv. -ra, Ac. sg. n. -ra, Ac. sg. kri, Ger. vas with ni,
3 sg. Pres. Par.
always through danger-dread a hundred-doored hole having made dwells.

tatas hiranyakas kapota-avapata-bhayat chakitas tushnim sthitas.

Ind. -ka, N. sg. Ttp. -ya, Ab. sg. -ta, N. sg. m. Ind. stha, N. sg. m.
past Ptc. Pass.
Then Hiranyaka from the pigeon-descent-fear timid silently stood.

fg^^ftW I f*K<m* f%7T^tT^ ^TTTO I

chitra-grivas uvacha : sakhe hiranyaka, kim asman na sam-bhashase ?
Bahuv. -va, vach, 3 sg. -Utii.V.sg. -kst,V.sg. Ind. asmad, Ind. Xjb&sb.withsxm,2sg.Pres.Atm.
N.sg. Perf.Par. Ac.pi.,
Chitragriva said : Friend Hiranyaka, why us not dost thou greet ?

tatas hiranyakas tad-vachanam prati-abhi-jn&ya sa-sambhramam

Ind. -ka, N. sg. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. jn& with pmti-abhi, Ger. Avyay.
Then Hiranyaka of him-the voice having recognised hastily

vahis nis-sritya abravit : ah punyavan asmi, priya-suhrid me

Ind. sri with nis, Ger. bra, 3sg. Ind. -vat, N. sg. m. as, 1 sg. Karm. -d, N. sg. asmad, G. s
Impf. Par. Pres. Par.
out slipping said : Ob, happy I am, the dear-friend of me

chitra-grivas sam-&-yatas.
Bahuv. -va, N. sg. ya with sam and a, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
Chitragriva arrived.

w f*rew whit w fa^w ifmffii

yasya mitrena s&m-bhasha yasya mitrena sam-sthitis
yad, G. sg. m. -ra, I. sg. -sha, N. sg. ysA,G.sg.m. -ra, I. sg. -ti, N.sg.
Whose with a friend greeting, whose with a friend staying,

yasya mitrena sam-l&pas tatas na asti iha punyavan. (38)

yad, G.sg.m. -ra, I. sg. -pa, N. sg. tsdwitli Ind. s.s,3sg.Pres. Ind. -vat, N. sg. in.
Abl.aff.taa. Par.
whose with a friend chatting, than he not is there here a happier one.

pasa-baddhan cha etan drish^v& sa-vismayas kshanam

Ttp. -dtaa,.4c.pZ.m. (rt.bandh). Ind. etad, Ac.pi. m. dris, Ger. Bahuv. -y&,N.sg.m. .na,,Ac.sg.Adv.
Net-confined and them having seen with-amazement a moment

sthitva uvacha : sakhe kim etad? chitra-grivas avadat:

stha, Ger. vach, 3 sg. Perf.Par. -khi, V. sg. kim, N. sg.n. etR&,N.sg.n. Bahuv. -va,« vad, 3 sg.
N. sg. Impf.Par.
having stood he said : Friend, what this ? Chitragriva said :
 ( 30 )

sakhe asmakam praktana-janman-karmanas phalam etad.

-khi, V.sg. asmad, Gt.pi. Ttp. -man, G. sg. -l&,N.sg. etad,N.sg.n.
Friend, of us of a former-birth's-action the fruit thi3.

yasmat cha yena cha yatha cha yada cha yad cha
yad, Ab. sg. n. Ind. yad, I. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. yad, N. sg. n. Ind.
Wherefore and, by what and, how and, when and, as what and,

yavat cha yatra cha subha-asubham atman-karma,

-vat, JV. sg. ». Ind. Ind. Ind. Dvandva. -bha, N. sg. n. Ttp. -man, JV. sg.
how great and, where and, good- (and) evil one'B own-action,

tasruat cha tena cha tatha cha tad& cha tad cha
tad, Ab. sg. n. Ind. tad, /. sg. n. 'Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. tad, JV. sg. n. Ind.
therefore and, by that and, thus and, then and, as that and,

II II
tavat cha tatra cha vidhatri-vasat upa-eti (39)
-vat, If. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -6a, Ab. sg. i with upa, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
so great and, there and, through fate's-power it approaches.

roga-soka-paritapa-bandhana-vyasanani cha
Dvandva. -na, JV. pi. Ind.
Sickness-sorrow-pain-bonds-affliction and,

^TrUimjvreW TS^TT^fTTf% ^f%TT II 8 8 II

atman-aparadha-vrikshasya phalani etani dehinam. (40)
Ttp. -sha, <?. sg. -la, N. pi. etad. JV. pi. n. -hin, G. pi. m.
of the self-transgressions'-tree the fruits of creatures.

etad srutv& hiranyakas chitra-grivasya bandhanam chhettum

etad, Ac. sg. n. Sru, Ger. -ka, N. sg. Bahuv. -va, G. sg. -na, Ac. sg. chhid. Inf.
This having heard Hiranyaka Chitragriva's bonds to cut

sa-tvaram upa-sarpati. chitra-grivas uvacha : mitra ma ma evam ;

Avyay. 8rip, with upa, Bahuv. -va, vach, 3 sg. -ra, V. sg. Ind. Ind. Ind.
3 sg. Pres. Par. N. sg. Perf. Par.
with-haste advances. Chitragriva said : Friend, not, not thus;

asmad-asritanam esham tavat pasan chhindhi, tada mama

Tip. -ta, G. pi. m. etad, G. pi. m. Ind. -6a, Ac. pi. chhid, 2 sg. Ind. asmad, G. sg.
(rt. sri, with a) Imp. Par.
_of my-dependants of these, first the fetters cut, then of me
 ( 31 )

pasam paschat chhetsyasi. hiranyakas api aha: aham alpa-saktis,

-6a, Ac. sg. Ind. chhid, 2 sg. Fut. -ka. JV. sg. Ind. ah, 3 sg. asmad, Bahuv. -ti, If. sg. m.
ii. Par. I'erf'.Par. N. sg.
the fetter afterwards thou wilt cut. Hiranyaka also said : I of little-strength,
•0 «\

dantas cha me komalas, tad etesham pasan chhettum

-ta. N. pi. Ind. asmad, G. sg. -la, N. pi. m. Ind. etad, G. pi. m. -sa, Ac. pi. chhid, Inf.
the teeth and of me delicate, therefore of these the fetters to cut

katham samarthas ? tad yavat me dantas na trutyanti,

Ind. -tha, N. sg. m. Ind. Ind. asmad, G. sg. -ta, N. pi. Ind. trut, s pi.
Pres. Par.
how able ? Therefore as long as of me the teeth not break,

tavat tava pasam chhinadmi ; tad-anantaram esh&m api

Ind. yushmad, G. sg. -3a, Ac sg. chhid, 1 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. etad, G. pi. m. Ind.
so long of thee the fetter I cut ; thereafter of these also

bandhanam y&vat-lakyam chhetsyami. chitra-grivas uvacha :

-na, Ac. sg. Avyay. chhid, 1 sg. Fut. ii. Par. Bahuv. -va, N. sg. vach, 3 sg. Perf. Par.
the bonds as far as-possible I shall cut. Chitragriva said :

astu evam, tatha api yatha-sakti etesham bandhanam

, 3 sg. Imp. Par. Ind. Ind. Ind. Avyay. etad, G. pi. m. -na, Ac. sg.
Be it thus even according to-strength of these the bonds

khandaya. hiranyakena uktam : atman-parityagena yad

khand, 2 sg.Imp.Par. -ka,,I.sg. vach,N. sg.n. past Ptc. Pass, Ttp. -ga, I. sg. yad, JV. sg. n.
divide. By Hiranyaka said : by self-sacrifice what

&-sritanara pari-rakshanam tad na niti-vedinam sam-matam.

s*ri with a, G. pi.m. -na, JV. sg. tad, JV. sg. n. Ind. Ttp. -din, G. pi. m. man with sam,N.8g.
past Ptc. Pass. n. past Ptc. Pass.
of dependants preservation, that not of the policy-knowing approved of.

yatas, &pad-arthe dhanam rakshet, darta rakshet dhanais api,

Ind. Ttp. -tha, L. na, Ac. sg. raksh, 3 sg. -ra, Ac. pi. raksh, 3 sg. -na, I. pi. Ind.
sg. Adv. Pot. Par. Pot. Par.
For, For misfortune's riches one should the wife one should through the even,
sake save, save riches

^fTfWT'T *Jfffi T^^TTTf^ VffTfif II 8\ II

Stmanam satatam rakshet darais api dhanais api. (41)
-man, Acsg. Ac.sg.n.Adv. raksh, 3 sg. Pot. Par. -ra, I.pi. „„.,,..
Ind. -,„.,-.._,„.
■na, I. j Ind.
oneself constantly one should save through the even, through the
wife riches
 ( 32 )

anyad cha, dharma-artha-kama-mokshanam pranas saiiistbiti-hetavas,

-ya, JV. sg. n. Ind. Dvandva. -aha, G. pi. -na, JV. pi. Ttp. -tu, JV. pi.
Again and, Of virtue-wealth-desire-final liberation life the existence-cause,

fTTtoffT ftf t J^fH ftf T Tf%* II «^ II

tan ni-ghnat& kim na hatam, rakshat& kim na rakshitam ?(42)
tad, Ac. han with ni, /. sg. m. kim, JV. Ind. han, JV. sg. n. raksh, I. sg.m. id. Ind. raksh, past Ptc.
pi. m. Pres. Ptc. Par. sg. n. past PtcPass. Pres.Ptc.Par. Pass.
that by one destroying what not destroyed, by one saving what not saved ?

chitra-grivas uvacha: sakhe nitis tavat idrisi eva, kim-tu

Bahuv.-v%N.sg. vaeh,Ssg.Perf. Par. -khi, V. sg. -ti, JV. sg. Ind. -i.N.sg.f. Ind. Ind. Ind.
Chitragriva said : Friend, policy certainly such just, but

aham asmad-asritanam duhkham sodhum sarvatha a-samarthas ;

asmad, JV. sg. Ttp. -ta, G. pi. m. (rt. Sri with a) -kha, Ac. sg. sah, Inf. Ind. Kamn. -tha, JV. sg. m..
I of my-dependants the affliction to bear wholly un-able ;

tena idam bravimi.

tad, I. sg. n. Adv. idam, Ac. sg. n. bru, 1 sg. Pres. Par.
therefore this I say.

yatas dhan&ni jivitam cha eva para-arthe prajnas ud-srijet ;

Ind. -na, Ac. pi. -ta, Ac. sg. Ind- Ind. Tip. -tha, L. sg. Adv. -na, JV. sg. m. srij, with ud, 3 sg.
Pot. Par.
For, Riches, life and even, foranother's-sake the wise should give-up ;

«fafa-ri WT?fr f^TT^ film II 8^ II

sat-nimitte varam ty&gas, vi-nase ni-yate sati. (43)
Ttp. -tta, L. sg. -ra, JV. sg. Adv. -g&,N.sg. -&a, L. sg. yam with ni, L.sg, ss,Z.sg.tn.
m.past Ptc. Pass. Ptc.Pres.Par.
for good's sake preferable the sacrifice, destruction destined being.

ayam aparas cha a-sadharanas hetus :

idam, JV. sg. m. -r&,N.sg.m. Ind. Eahuv. -na, JV. sg. m. -tu, JV.«0.
This another and un-paralleled argument :

jati-dravya-gunanam cha samyam esham maya, sahn,

Dvandva. -pa, G. pi. Ind. -pt.N.sg.n. etad, G.pi.m. asmad, l.sg. Ind.
of kind-substance-quality and equality of these me with,

mad-prabhutva-phalam bruhi kad& kim tad bhavishyati ? (44)

Ttp. -la, Ac. sg. (cf. asmad) bru, 2 sg. Ind. kim, JV. sg. n. tad, JV. sg. «. bhu, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.
Imp. Par.
of me-the superiority-fruit, say, when what that will be?
 ( 33 )

anyad cha, vina vartanam eva ete na tyajanti mama antikam,

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. Ind. -na, Ac. sg. Ind. etad, N. Ind. tyaj, pi. asraad,
aj, 3, pi -ka, Ac. sg.
pi. m. PresJPar.
'resJPar. G.sg.
Again and, Without wages even, these not abandon of me the proximity,

3TTW3TWfa ^ft^7TT'J^nf%WT^s II 8* II
tad me prana-vyayena api jivaya etan mama 8-sritan. (45)
Ind. asraad, Tip. -ya, I. sg. Ind. jlv, 2 sg.Imp. etad, asraad, sriwitffca, Ac. pi.
G.sg. Par. Cans. Ac.pi.m. G.sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
therefore of uie with the life-loss even cause to live these of me the dependants.

kim-cha, mamsa-mutra-purisha-asthi-nirmite asmin kalevare

Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, L. sg.n. (rt. ma withms) idara, L. sg.n. -ra, L.sg.
Moreover, On the flesh-urine-excrement-bone-composed this body

vi-nasvare vi-haya a-stham yasas palaya mitra me. (46)

-m,L.sg.n. ha with vi, Ger. -sth&,Ac.sg. -sas, Ac. sg. pa, 2 sg. Imp. -Ta,,T.sg. asmad,
Par.Caus. # G.sg.
the perishable having given up consideration, the fame preserve, O friend, of me.

aparam cha pasya, yadi nityam a-nityena nis-malam mala-vahin&

-m,Ac. Ind. dris, 2 sg. Ind. -y&,N.sg.n. Karm. -ya, /. Bahuv. -la, Ttp. -hin, I. sg. n.
sg.n. Imp^Par. sg.n. N.sg.n.
Another and behold, If the eternal through the the stain-less through the stain-
non-eternal, bringing,
sran ^t^t *p*m ffs *raj *ri^ f^r 11 8^ II
kayena labhyeta, tad na labdham bhavet nu kim? (47)
-sas, N^g. -ya, l.sg. labh, 3 sg. tad, If. Ind. l&bh,N.sg.n. bhu, 3sg. Ind. Ind.
P'otJ'ass. sg.n. past Ptc.Pass. Pot. Par.
fame through the body might be that not obtained should be well why ?
obtained,

yatas, sarirasya gunanam cha duram ati-antam antatam,

Ind. -ra, G. sg. -na, G. pi. Ind. -r&,N.sg.n. Ttp. -t^N. sg.n. •m,7f.sg.n.
For, Of the body of virtues and, a wide exceeding difference;-

II 8^ II
sariram kshana-vidhvamsi, kalpa-anta-sthayinas gunas. (48)
-ra, N. sg. Ttp. -sin, N. sg. n. Ttp. -yin. JV. pi. m. -na, N.pi.
the body in a moment-falling asunder, to a kalpa's-end-lasting Virtues.

iti &-karnya hiranyakas prabrishta-manas pulakitas san abravit ::

Ind. karn with a, -ka, JV. sg. Bahwv. -nas, M. sg.m. -ta, JV. sg. m. as, If. sg. m. bru, 3 sg.
_ Ger. Ptc.Pres.Par. Impf. Par.
Thus having heard Hiranyaka of delighted-mind thrilled being said :

f*nr i ^TTf^ww^i ^^rr^r^Tfa

s&dhu, mitra, s&dhu ; anena asrita-vatsalyena trailokyasya api
-dhu,N.sg. -m,r.sg. -dihu,If.sg. idam,I.sg.n. Ttp. -ya, I. sg. -y&,G.sg. Ind.
n. Adv. n. Adv.
Nobly, friend, nobly ; through this towards the dependants- of the three - even
tenderness worlds
 ( 34 )

prabhutvam tvayi yujyate. evam uktva tena sarvesham

-tv&,N.sg. yashmad, L.sg. yuj,3 sg.Pres. Ind. vach, Ger. tad, I.sg.m. -va..G.pl.m.
Pass.
the sovereignty in thee is proper. Thus having spoken by him of all

bandhanani chhinnani. tatas hiranyakas sarvan sa-adaram sam-pujya aha :

-na,N.pi. chhiil. N.pi.n.past Ind. -ka, JV. sg, -v%Ac.pi.in. Avyay. puj with sam, ah,3.«(7.
Ptc.Pass. _ Gen Perf.Par.
the bonds cut. Then Hiranyaka all respectfully having saluted said :

sakhe chitra-griva, sarvatha atra jala-bandhana-vidhau sati dosham

-Yh\,V.sg. Bahuv.-v%Vjig. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -dhi, L.sg. ss,L.sg.m.Ptc. -sh&,Ac.sg.
Pres. Par.
Friend Chitragriva, wholly here the net-confinement-destiny being, a fault

a-sankya atmani ava-jna na kartavya.

fai\k with &, Ger. -mm, L.sg. -jiia, N. sg. Ind. Tffi, N.sg.f.Ptc. Pvt. Pass.
suspecting, ofone's self disdain not to be made.

yatas, yas adhikut yojana-satat pasyati iha amis ham kha-gas

Ind. yaA,N.sg.m. -kst.Ab. sg.n. Ttp.-i%Ab.sg. dris,3«ff. Ind. -sha, Ac. sg. Ttp. -g%N.sg.
Pres. Par.
For, Who from a great yoj ana-hundred espies here the prey, a bird,

sas eva prapta-kalas tu pasa-bandham na pasyati. (49)

tad,J\r. Ind. Bahuv.-\%N.sg.m. Ind. Ttp.-dh%Ac.sg. Ind. dri&, 3sg.
Sg.m. PresJ'ar.
he even having reached-the time on the other hand the snare-knot not sees.

aparam cha, saSin-divakarayos graha-pidanam,

-rs.,N'.fg.n. Ind. Dvandva. -ra, G. du. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.
Another and, Of moon-(and)-sun through eclipse-the distress,

gaja-bhujangamayos api bandhanam,

Dvandva. -ma, G. du. Ind. -na, Ac. sg.
of elephant-(and)-serpent also the binding,

matimatam cha vi-lokya daridratam,

-mat, G.pl.m. Ind. lok with vi, Ger. -i%Ac.sg.
of the wise and having perceived the indigence,

vidhis aho balavan iti me matis. (50)

-dhi, N. sg. Ind. -v&i.N.sg.m. Ind. asmad, G. sg. -M.If.sg.
' destiny, Oh, powerful,' thus of me the thought.
 ( 35 )

anyad cha, vyoman-ekanta-viharinas api vihag&s sam-pra-apnuvanti a-padam,

-ya,JV. Ind. Ttp. -rin, N. pi. m. Ind. -g&,N.pi. ap, with sam and pra, -pad, Ac. sg.
sg.n. 3 pi. Pres.Par.
Again and, In the air-exclusively-roaming even birds meet misfortune,

badhyante nipunais ag&dha-salil&t matsyas samudr&t api ;

bandh, 3 pi. Pres.Pass. -na, I. pi. m. Bahuv. -la, Ab. sg. m. -jo,, N.pi. -r»,Ab.sg. Ind.
captured are by artful men out of the deep-water fishes ocean even ;
containing

dus-nitam kim iha asti, kim su-charitam? kas sthana-labhe gunas ?

Karm. -ta, kim, N. Ind. as, 3 sg. kim, N. Karm. -ta, N. sg. n. kim, JV. Tip. -bha, L. sg. -na, N. sg.
N^g.n. sg.n. Pres.Par. sg.n. '.n.
Badly-con- what here is, what well-performed? what in position- merit ?
ducted obtainment

kalas hi vyasana-prasarita-karas grihn&ti durat api. (51)

-la,Jf. sg. Ind. Bahuv. -ra, N. sg. m. grah,Ssg.Pres.Par. -r&,Ab.sg.n. Ind.
time for to destruction-having forth seizes from afar even,
stretched-the hands

iti pra-bodhya &tithyam kritva" &-lingya cha chitra-grivas tena

Ind. budhwi^Apra, -y&,Ac.sg. kri, Ger. lih%with&, Ind. Bahuv. -va, JV. sg. tad, /.
Ger. Caus. Ger. sg. m.
Thus having instructed, hospitality having having em- and, Chitragriva by him
made, braced

sam-pra-eshitas yatM-ishta-des&n sa-pariv&ras yayau ; hiranyakas

ish with sam and pra, N. sg Karm. -sa, Ac.pi. Bahuv. -ra, N. sg. m. jA.,Ssg.Perf. -ka, N. sg.
m.past Ptc. Pass. Cans. Par.
dismissed to ad libitum-places with-attendants went ; Hiranyaka

api sva-vivaram pra-vishtas.

Ind. Karm. -ra, Ac. sg. vis with pra, N. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
also his-hole entered.

yani kani cha mitrani kartavy&ni Satani cha ;

yad, N. pi. n. kim, N. pi. n. Ind. -ra, N. pi. kyi, N.pi. n. Ptc. Put. Pass. -ta, N.pi. Ind.
Whosoever friends are to be made hundreds and ;
to ^fwfa^w gnrTfTT ^w^TT: ii ^ 11
pasya mushika-mitrena kapot&s mukta-bandhanas. (52)
dris, 2 sg. Imp. Par. Karm. -ra. I. sg. -ta, N. pi. Bahuv. -na, N. pi. m.
Behold, through the mouse-friend the pigeons bond-delivered.

TO ^^rlTfi^f ^T^fa-
atha laghupatanaka-nama kakas sarva-vrittanta-darsi sa-ascharyam
Ind. Bahuv. -man, N. sg. m. -ka, JV. sg. Ttp. -sin, N. sg. m. Avyay.
Now Laghupatanaka-named the crow the whole-event-seeing with astonishment
f2
 ( 36 )

idam aha : aho hiranyaka slaghyas asi ; atas aham

idam..4e. ah, 3 sg. Ind. -ka,,V.sg. slagh, N. sg. m. as, 2 sg. Pres. Ind. asmad, If. sg.
sg.n. Perf. Par. Ptc. Fut. Pass. Par.
this said : Oh Hiranyaka, to be praised thou art ; hence I

api tvaya. saha maitrim ichchhami ; atas mam maitryena anu-grahitum

Ind. yushmad, Ind. -ri, Ac. sg. ish,lsg.Pres. Ind. asmad, -yz,I.sg. grahwitftanu,
I. sg. Par. Ac. sg. In/.
also thee with friendship wish; therefore me with friendship to favour

arhasi. etad srutva hiranyakas api vivara-abhyantarat aha :

arh, 2 sg. Pres Par. etad, Acsg.n. sra.Ger. -ka.,N.sg. Ind. Ttp.-n.Ab.sg. ah, 3sg.
deign. This having heard Hiranyaka also from the hole's-inside said :

kas tvam? sas brute: laghupatanaka-nam& vayasas aham.

kim, N. sg. m. yushmad, N.sg. tad, JV. sg.m. brfi, 3 sg. Pres. Bahuv. -man, N. sg.m. s&,N.sg. asmad,
Attn. N. sg.
Who thou ? He says : Laghupatanaka-named a crow I.

hiranyakas vi-hasya aha: k& tvay& saha maitri?

-ka, N. sg. has with ri Ger. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. kim, JV, sg.f. yushmad, I. sg. Ind. -ri, N. sg.
Hiranyaka, laughing, says: What thee with friendship?

*?fT: I SfilT ^<5*PT wY3r ^^^Ttl *ft^f^ I

yatas, yad yena yujyate loke budhas tad tena yojayet;
Ind. yad, A.. yndj'^g.n. yuj, 3sg. Pres. -ka, L. sg. -dha, JV, sg. m. tad, Ac. tad, I. sg.n. yuj, 3 sg. Pot.
sg. n. Pass. sg. n. Par. Caus.
For, What with what is fitting- in the world, a wise man that with that should unite;

aham annam bhavan bhokta; katham pritis bhavishyati? (53)

asmad, N. sg. -o&,N.sg. -vat, N.sg. m. -tri, N. sg. m. Ind. -ti, N.sg. bhu, 3 sg. Fut. ii. Par.
I the food, you the eater ; how love will be ?

aparam cha, bhakshya-bhakshakayos pritis vi-pattes eva karanam ;

-ra, JV, sg. ». Ind. Dvandva. -ka, G. du. m. -ti, JV, sg. -tti, G. sg. Ind. -na, N. sg.
Another and, Ofthe food- (and)- the feeder love, of misfortune alone the cause;

srigalat pasa-baddhas asau mrigas kakena rakshitas. (54)

-la, Ab. sg. Ttp. -dha, JV, sg. m. adas, JV, sg.m. -g&,N.sg. -ka,/.«fl'. mkshj/'.sg.m.past Ptc. Pass.
through a jackal snare-bound that deer by the crow saved.

vayasas abravit: katham etad? hiranyakas kathayati: asti magadha-dese

-sa,JV. sg. bru, 3sg. Ind. etad, W. -ka,JV.»^. kath, 3sg. Pres. as, 3 sg. Pres. Karm.-a\L.sg.
Impf. Par. sg.n. Par. Par.
The crow said : How that ? Hiranyaka relates : There is in the Magadha-
country
 ( 37 )

cliampakavati . nama arany&ni; tasyam chirat mahata snehena

-iL,N.sg. -man, Ac. sg. Adv. •nl,N.sg. tad,L.sg.f. .m,,Ab.sg.n.Adv. -hat, I.sg.m. -ha^I.sg.
Cbampakavati by name a large wood ; therein since long with great affection

mriga-kakau ni-vasatas. sas cha mrigas sva-ichchhaya" bhramyan

Dvandva. -ka, N. du. Taswi<Ani,3 tad, N. sg. m. Ind. -&,N.sg. Karm.-eh&,I.sg. bhram, N.sg.m
du. Pres. Par. Ptc. Pres. Par
a deer- (and) a crow dwell. That and deer at his-pleasure roaming

hrishta-pushta-angas kena - chid srigalena ava-lokitas. tarn drishtva srigalas

Bahuv.-g&, N.sg.m. kim, I.sg.m. Ind. -la,/, sg. lok iirithavsjf^g. tad, Ac. dris, Ger. -la, jV. sg.
m. past Ptc. Pass. sg.m.
frisky-fat-limbed by some jackal (was) espied. , Him having seen the jackal

achintayat: ah katham etad-mamsam su-lalitam bhakshayami ? bhavatu,

chint, Ssg.Impf. Ind. Ind. Ttp.-sa,,Ac.sg. Karm.-t&,Ac. bhaksh, lsg.Pres. Mht,Ssg.Imp.
Par. sg.n. _ Par. Par.
thought : Ah, how of him-the meat the very-delicate I eat ? Be it,

vi-svasam tavat ud-p&day&mi. iti a-lochya upa-sritya abravit:

-$&,Ac.sg. Ind. pad wilAud, 1<0. Ind. loch««<fta, srinnrtupa, bru, Ssg. Impf.
Pres. Par. Cans. _ Ger. Ger. Par.
confidence first I produce. Thus having thought having approached he said :

mitra kusalam te. mrigena uktam : kas tvam ? sas

-ra, V.sg. -la, JV. sg.n. yushmad, -ga, I. sg. vach.JV.sg.n.past kim, N.sg.m. yushmad, tad.JT.
D.sg. Ptc. Pass. N.sg. sg.m.
Friend, hail to thee. By the deer said : Who thou ? He

brute : kshudrabuddhi-nam& jambukas aham ; atra aranye bandhu-hinas

bru,3s^. Bahuv. -man, N.sg.m. -ii&,N.sg. asmad, Ind. -y&,L.sg. Ttp. -n&, N.sg.m.
Pres. Atm. N. sg.
says: Kshudrabuddhi-named a jackal I; here in the wood relation-deprived

rnrita-vat ni-va?ami ; idanirn tvam mitram a-s&dya punar sa-bandhus

Ind. vaavrithm,! Ind. yushmad, -ra, Ac. sg. sad vrith a, Ger. Ind. Bahuv. -dim, N.sg. m.
sg. Pres. Par. Ac.sg. Caus.
dead-like I dwell ; now thee a friend having found again relation-possessed

jiva-lokam pra-vishtas asmi; adhuna tava anu-charena maya sarvatha

Ttp. -ka, Ac. sg. vis with pra, N. sg. %&,\sg. Ind. yushmad, -ra, I.sg.m. asmad, Ind.
m. past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par. G.sg. I.sg.
into of the entered I am ; now of thee the attendant by me wholly
living-the world

bhavitavyam. mrigena uktam : evam astu. tatas paschat astam-gate

bhu, N.sg.n.Ptc. -g&,I.sg. v&chjf.sg.n.past Ind. as, Ssg. Ind. Ind. g&m vrith astam, L.a
Fut.Pass. Ptc. Pass. Imp.Par. m. past Ptc. Pass.
to be. By the deer said : Thus it be. There-after, having gone-home
 ( 38 )

savitari bhagavati marichi-malini tau mrigasya vasa-bhumim gatau.

-tri, L. sa. -vat, L.sg.m. Bahuv. -\in, L.sg.m. tad, N. -ga,G.sg. Ttp.-m\,Ac.sg. gam, N. du. m.
du.m. past Ptc.Pass.
the sun, the venerable, the ray-gar- those two of the deer to the dwell- proceeded.
landed, ing-place

tatra champaka-vriksha-sakhayam subuddhi-nama kakas mrigasya chira-mitram

Ind. Ttp.-\h&,L.sg. Bahuv. -man, N.sg.m. -V&,N.sg. -ga, G.sg. Karm. -ra, N. sg.
There on a Champaka-tree-branch Subuddhi-named a crow, of the deer an old-friend,

ni-vasati. tau drishtv& kakas avadat : sakhe chitra-anga, kas

vas with ni, 3 ia&,Ac.du.m. dps, Ger. -k&.N.sg. vad,3 sg. -khi, V.sg. Bahuv. -g&,V.sg. kim, N.sg.m.
sg. Pres. Par. Impf.Par.
dwells. Those two having seen the crow said : Friend Chitr&nga, who

ayam dvitiyas? mrigas brute: jambukas ayam asmad-sakhyam ichchhan

idam, N. sg. m. -ya, N.sg.m. -go, N.sg. brfl, Ssg. -ka,, N.sg. idam, N. Ttp.-ja., Ac.sg. ish, N. sg. m. Ptc.
Pres. Atm. sg. m. Pres. Par.
this second? The deer says: A jackal this of us-the friend- wishing
ship

&-gatas. kakas brute : mitra a-kasmat &-gantunS saha maitri

gam with a, N.sg. m. -k&,N.sg. br<x, 3 sg. -m,V.sg. Ind. (kim) -tu, I.sg. Ind. -it, N. sg.
past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Atm.
approached. The crow says : Friend, from no-where a comer with, friendship

Sf
na yukt& ; tatha cha uktam :
Ind. yuj, N.sg.f.past Ind. Ind. vach, N.sg. n. past
Ptc. Pass. Ptc. Pass.
not proper ; thus and said :

a-jn&ta-kula-silasya v&sas deyas na kasya-chid,

Bahuv. -la, G. sg. m. -sa,,N.sg. &&,N.sg.m.Ptc.Put Pass. Ind. kim,G.sg.m. Ind .
Of one of unknown-family-(and)character residence to be given not of any one;

marjarasya hi doshena hatas gridhras jaradgavas. (55)

-m,, G.sg. Ind. -sha, I.sg. ha,n,N.sg.m. past Ptc. Pass. -m., N.sg. -v&,N.sg.
of a cat for through the offence slain the vulture Jaradgava.

tau ahatus : katham etad ? Mkas kathayati.

tad, N. da. m. ah, 3 du. Perf. Par. Ind. etad, N. sg. n. -ka, N. sg. kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
They both say: How thatP The crow relates:

«
as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. Bahuv. -man, L. sg. m. -ta, h. sg. -hat, N. sg. m. Karm. -ksha, N. sg.
There is on the Ganges- upon a Gridhra- mountain a large fig-tree,
bank, kuta-named
 ( 39 )

tad, G. -m,L.sg. Ttp.-ka,,Ab.sg. Bahuv.-ja\N. Bahuv.-ma.-ajf. -m,N.sg. vas wiiftprati"

sg.m. sg.m. sg.m. 3 sg. Pres. Par"
Of it in the hollow through fate's- having lost-claws- Jaradgava- a vulture dwells,
hard doom (and) eyes named

• • •
Ind. -p&.I.sg. Ttp.-n&,D.sg. Tip.-sin,tf.pl. m. -kshin, Karm. -ra, Ab. sg. kim-chid, Ac. sg. n. hri with
N.pl.m. nil, Ger.
Now through ofhim-for the on that-tree- birds from their own- a little a little having
pity support roosting food taken

■ • •
da, 3 piJ'resJPar. tad, I.sg.n. sxXas,N.sg.m. jiv,3sg. Pres. Par. Ind. Ind Bahuv. -man, N.sg.m. •m.X'.sg.
give. By that he lives. Now one day Dirghakarna- a cat
named

• • • •
Tip. -ka, Ac. pi. m. bhaksh, Inf. Ind. gam with a, JV. sg. m. Ind. tad, Ac. sg.m.
past Ptc. Pass.
of the birds-the young ones to eat there arrived. Then him

•
y&withd,Ac.sg.m. dris, Ger. Ttp.-k&,I.pi.m. Ttp.-l&, I.pi.m. -l&,N.sg. ltr\,N.sg.m.
Ptc. Pres. Par. pastPtc. Pass.
approaching having seen ofthe birds-by fear-stricken, clamour made,
the young ones,

■ • •
tad, Ac. STu, Ger. -v&,I.sg. vach, N. sg. ». kim, N. idam,^ ybwithb, Ssg. Bahuv. -n&,N.sg.
sg.n. past Ptc. Pass. sg.m. sg.m. Pres. Par.
That having heard by Jaradgava said: Who this approaches? Dirghakarna,

-ra, Ac. sg. lok with ava, Ger. Avyay. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. Ind. han, JV. sg. m. as, 1 sg. Pres. Par.
past Ptc.Pass.
the vulture having perceived, with fear said: Ob, lost lam.

• • •
Ind. -vat, Ac. sg.n. -y&,G.sg. V\A,N.sg.n. -vat, Ac. sg.n. Adv. -ya, N.sg.ri. Karm. -ta, N.sg.n.
Adv. Ptc. Put. Pass. (rt.gam with a)
Since, So long of danger one must be as danger not-approached,
afraid,
^rpT7T ?5 w frm tt: cfc^l^^f^fi II HA II
gam with a, Ac. sg. n. Ind. -ya, Ac. sg. iksh with vi, -ra, y. sg. kri, 3 sg. Pot. Par. Ind. -ta, If. sg. n.
past Ptc. Pass. _ Ger.
approached but danger having seen a man should act as proper. (56)

• • •
Ind. idam.G.sg.m. -n%L.sg. aywittpala, Inf. Karm. -ma, JV. /»<Z. bhu, N.sg.n.
sg. in. Ptc. Put.Pass.
Now of him in the presence to escape unable ; therefore as it is to be,
 ( 40 )

tad, JV. sg. n. bhft, 3 sg. Imp. Par. Ind. -s&,Ac.sg. pad with ud, Ger. idam, G. -p&.Ac.sg.n.
Caus. sg. m.
that let be ; first confidence having produced of him to the proximity

gam with upa, 1 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. loch with a, Ger. sri with upa, Ger. bru, 3 sg. Impf. Par.
I approach. Thus having reflected, having near-gone, he said :

-ya, T.sg. yushmad,Ac.sg. vand with„abhi, -m,N.sg. vu&,3sg. kim, JV. sg. m. yushmad, JV. ag.
1 sg.Pres.Atm. Impf. Par.
Reverend Sir, thee I salute. The vulture said : Who thou ?

tad, JV. sg. m. vad, 3 s<7. Impf. Par. -ra, JV. «ff. asmad, JV. sg. -ra, JV. sg. bru, 3 sg.Pres. Atm.
He said : A cat I. The vulture says :

-ra, Ac. sri with apa, 2 sg. Ind. Ind. han, JV. sg. m. Ptc. as, 2 sg. Pres. asmad, -ra, JV". sg. vad, 3 sg.
ag. n.Adv. Imp. Par. Put. Pass. Par. I. sg. Impf. Par.
Far away-go ; not if, to be killed thou art by me. The cat said;

• • •
sru, 3 sg.Imp.Pass. Ind. Ttp..n&, Ind. Ind. asmad, -ya,JV.«0.m.(r£.han) Ind. hau, JV.s0.wt.
JV. sg. N.sg. Ptc.Put.Pass.
It maybe heard first ofme-the thereafter if I to be punished, then tobekilled.
speech ;

Ind. Ttp. -Ta,,I.sg. Ind. kim-chid,JV. sg.m. han,3 sg.Pres.Pass. pi\j,3sg.Pres.Pass. Ind.
For, Through birth-merely any one is punished, is honoured anywhere?

sejctsTt ,rfwr*r spsi: trs^r iwi, n u« 11

-T&,Ac.sg. jfia, wit'i pari, -y&,N. sg.m. ptij.N.sg.m.Ptc Ind. bh&. 3 sg. Pot.
Ger. _ (r£. han) I'm*. Pass. Jar.
the conduct having scrutinised to be punished to be honoured or he should be. (57)

-ra. N. sg. brti, 3 sg. 2 sg. Imp. Ind. gam with a, JV. m. as, 2 sg.Pres. tad, JV7. vad, 3 sgJmpf.
Pres. Atm. Par. past. Ptc. Pass. Par. sg. m. Par.
The vulture says : Bay, wherefore approached thou art ? He said :

asmad, Ind. Ttp. -ra, L.sg. Karm. -yin,, Ttp. -rm.N.sg.m. Karm.-t&, Ac.sg.
N.sg. \ N.sg.m. \
I here on the Ganges-bank, constantly- religious study- the Chandrayana-vow
bathing, observing
 ( 41 )

• • • •
char with a, N.sg.m. stha.l sg. yushmad, Ttp. -ta, Ac. pi. m. Ttp. -mi, N. pi.
Pte. Pres. Par. Pres. Par. Acpi.
performing, stay. You of duty-the knowledge-enjoying of confidence-objects

■
-kshin, -va,JV. Ind. asmad, G.sg. -m,L.sg.Adv. stu pra, Ind. -vat, Ab. pi. m.
N. pi. m. pi. m. _ Spi. Pres.Par.
birds all always of me in the presence praise ; therefore from you,

• « •«
Ttp. -dha, Ab. pi. m. -m&,Ac.sg. -sra,Inf. Ind. gamwith&,Nsg.m. -v&t.If.pi.m. Ind. -sstN.pi. m.
past PtcSPass.
in wisdom- (and) the duty of to hear hither approached. You and such
age-old, religion

i
• • • \ ••
Ttp. -jna, N. Ind. asmad, -ihi,Ac.sg. haa,Inf. yam mthn&,N.pi.m. Ttp.-m&,N.sg. Ind. etad, N.
pi. m. Ac. sg. past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.
of religion- that me a guest to kill ready. A householder's- and this :
knowers, _ duty

1
-ri. L.sg. Ind. -t&,Nsg.n. Tm.N.sg.n.Ptc. -y&,N.sg. -ha,,Ac.sg. e&mwith&,L.sg.m.
Put. Pass. past Ptc. Pass.
To an enemy even proper to be exercised hospitality, to the house approached,

y
-tfi,Ab.sg. Ttp. -ta, Ab. sg. m. -y&,Ac.sg. Ind. hri,withwiia-sam,Ssg.Pres.Mm. -nm,N.sg.
from the cutter to its side-come the shade not withdraws a tree. (58)

Ind. Ind. 'rm,N.sg. Ind. as 3 sg. Pres.Par. Ind. Ttp. -chas, I. sg. Ind. -thi,N.sg.
If or property not there is, then with affection-speech at least a guest

pfij, N.sg.m, Ptc. Put. Pass. Ind.

to be honoured certainly.
_

Ind. -ija, If.pi. -mi, N.sg. -k&,N.sg. -ch, N.sg. -tha, N. sg.f. Ind. -ta, N. sg.fi
For, Straw, room, water, speech as fourth and gentle,

ctad, If.pi. n. Ind. -t,G.pi.m. -ha,, L.sg. Ind. chhid with ud, Ind.
3 pi. Pres. Pass.
these together of the good in the house not are wanting at any time. (59)
 ( 42 )

-m,, N.sg.n. Ind. jBahuv. -n&,L.pi.n. Ind. -tva, Z.pZ. -y&,Ac.sg. kri,3 pi. Pres. Par. -dhu, N. pl.m.
Another and, Unto worthless even beings mercy show the good ;

Ind,. Ind. hri with sam, 3 sg. Pres. Attn, -na, Ac. sg. -dm, N.sg. Tip. -man, L. sg.
not for withholds (her) light the moon at the Chandala-dwelling. (60)

• • •
-y&, N.sg.n. Ind. -thi, N, sg. y&dtG.sg.m. Bahuv. -sa, N. sg.m. -ha, Ab. sg. vrit with prati-ni,
3 sg. Pres. Attn.
Again and, A guest of whom broken-hoped from the house turns away,

W^K^ftf gwiTTJf wztfH 11 ^ h

tad, N. sg. ni. D. sg. ni. Karm. -ta, da, Ger. -ya, Ac. sg. da with a, Ger. gam, 3 sg.
. Ac. sg. n. \ _ Pres. Par.
He I to him the guilt 1 having given, the merit having taken, goes. (61)

• • •
-ya, jV. 4g. n. Ind. -ma, G. sg. m. Ind. -na, G. sg. -cha, N. sg. m. Ind. -ha, Ac. sg. gam with a, N.sg.
m.past Ptc.Pass.
Again and, Of the highest even caste a low person even to the house come

^t^t *toT *rtoi *Hr^wft sf?rfa: ii ^ 11

puj, N. sg. m. Ptc. Put. Pass. Ind. -ya, N. sg. ». -ya, JV. sg. m. -thi, JV. sg.
to be honoured as proper, all-gods representing a guest. (62)

-ra, N.sg. vad, 3 sg. -ra, N.sg. Ind. Bahuv. -ch^N.sg.m. Tip. -ka, N. pi.m. Ind. Ind.
Impf. Par.
The vulture said: Cat certainly meat-liking, of birds-the young ones and here

«« •
vas with ni, 3 pi. tad, I. sg. n. Adv. asmad, Ind. brft, 1 sg. tad, Ac. sg. n. Sru, Ger. -ra, iV. sg.
Pres. Par. JV. sg. Pres. Par.
dwell, therefore I thus speak. This having heard the cat
*

*Jp? ^fT **wf ^nf?r ^ ^ i

-mi, -4c.«gr. spris, Crer. -na, ^c. (to. spriS, 3 sg'. bru, 3 sg. Ind. asmad, Ttp. -m,, Ac. sg.
Pres. Par. Pres.Atm. I. sg.
the ground having touched, the ears touches, says and : By me the law-book

fcru, Ger. Sahuv.-ga,'I.sg.m. idam, -ra. JV. -ta, JV. sir., -na,, N.sg.n. so adhi-ava JV. sg. n.
N.sg.n. sg.n. past. Ptc. Pass.
having heard, with gone-passions, this difficult vow Chandrayana undertaken.
 /

( 43 )

Ind. vad with vi, G. pi. n. Ind. Ttp. -ra, G.pl. Karm. N. sg. -ma, N. sg. m.
Ptc. Pres. Atm.
With-one-another of the disputing even law-books ' not-injuring the highest

-ma, N. sg. Ind. Ind. -ya, N. sg. Ind.

duty ' thus here unanimity. For,

srcfwrf%TT(T $ iprj: wfw^ $ i

Ttp. -ta, N. pi. m. (rt. vrit with ni). yad, N. pi. m. -ra, JV. pZ. Ttp. -ha, N. pi. m. Ind. yiui,N. pl.m.
From all-injury-abstaining which men, all-enduring and who,

-va, G. sg. n. Kami, -ta, N. pi. m. Ind. tad, N. pi. m. -ra, N. pi. Ttp. -min, N. pi. m.
of everything support-being and, those men to heaven-going. (63)

-k&,N.sg.m. Ind. -dt.N.sg. -ma.N.sg. -n%L.sg. Ind. ya with anu, 3 sg. Pres. Par. ysu&.N.sg.m.
One only . friend, virtue, in death even follows who,

inftTw Tnr tjwtrjtt i^fa 11 \^ 11

-ra, /. sg. -ma, Ac. sg. n. Adv. -Sa, Ac. sg. -va, N. sg. n. -ya, JV. sg. n. Ind. gam, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
with the together to destruc- everything else but goes. (64)
body tion

yad, ad, 3 sg. yad, G. sg. m. Ind. -sa, Ac. sg. -bha, G. du.m. dris, 2pi. Imp.Par. -ra. Ac. sg.
N.sg.m. Pres.Par.
Who eats of whom when " the flesh, of both behold the difference,

-ka, G. sg. m. -ka, JV. sg.f. -ti, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. -na, I. pi. much with vi, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
of the one momentary enjoyment, the other of life deprived. (65)

• • •
mri,N.sg.n.Ptc. Fut. Pass. Ind. y&d.N.sg.n. -kha, N. sg. -sha, G. sg. jan with upa, Ssg. Pres. Atm* -
' It must be died,' thus what pain of a man is produced/'

TO^RR^RT HfV $fa Vfcjfa^ II \\ II

• •
-ya, N. sg. m. tad, I. sg. n. -na, I. sg. -ra, N. sg. m. Ind. raksh with pari, Inf.
possible by that analogy an enemy even to save. (66)
o2
 ( 44 )

sru, 2 so. Imp. Ind. Ttp. -ta, I. sg. m. or ». -ka, /. 47. I"d. Pr> Pra. 3 s9-
Par. Pres. Pass.
Listen again, By the spontaneously-in the wood-growing herb even it is filled,

W m ^4lfqifT^ 7TSfTN II ^ II
• ■
idam, G. Karm. -ra, G. sg. -tha, L. sg. kim, 2T. s0. m. kri, 3 sff. Potf. -ka, -4c. sg. -hat, .4c.
«ff. «. Adv. Par. sg. n.
of this burnt-stomach on account of who would commit a crime great ? (67)

Ind. §vas, withvl, Ger. tad, JV. 40. j». -ra, JV.$gr. Ttp. -ra, Z. ssr. stha, N. sg. m. past Ind.
Cans. Ptc. Pass.
Thus having made to confide, that cat in the tree-hollow remained. Then,

-n&,L.pl. gam, L.pi.m. or». Ttp. -ka,, Ac. pi. m. kram with&, Ger. •m,Ac.sg.
Ptc. Pres. Par.
the days passing on, of the birds-the young ones having approached, to the hollow

• • -
ni a, ffer. Ayvay. khad, 3 s^. Pres. Par. yad, G. pi. m. -ya, N. pi. khad, JV. j>i. ».
Pfc. Paw.
having brought, daily he eats. Of whom the young ones eaten,

• • •
tad, l.pl.m. Ttp. -ta, I. pi. m. lap with vi, I. pi. m. Ind. Ind. -s&,N.sg. rabh with sam-a N.
Ptc. Pres. Par. sg.f. past Ptc. Pass.
by those, sorrow-pained, wailing, here (and) there enquiry begun.
_

■ •
tad, Ac. sg. n. jfia, with pari, Oer. -m,N.sg. -Ta.,Ab.sg. ——triwith nis, Ger. I Ind.
That having perceived, the cat from the hollow having slipped J out

• • • •
ay««Apala, JV. sg.m. Ind. -kshin, I. pi. Ind. Ind. rflp with ni, I.j>l. m. Ind.
past Ptc. Pass. ptc. Pres. Par.
away-gone. Afterwards by the birds here (and) there searching, there

Ttp.-r%L.sg. Ttp. -thi, N. pi. bp with pm, N. pi. ». Ind. _ tad, N. pi. m. TScferS-pt
_ past Ptc. Pass. Thereupon Per?Par.
•n the tree- of the young ones-the discovered. they -aaid :
'"J>*j!?w bones
ho^

! „„ _ ma.
idam, I.sg.m. Tnd .v»,I.sg.
v » asmad, G.pl. -ka, If.pi.m. past
khad,Ptc.
N.pi.m.
Pass. Ind. -vz,I.pl.m.
' By this very Jaradgava of us the young ones eaten.* Thus by all
 ( 45 )

-ksliin, If. pi. «. Chi, with nis, Geri^N -ra, N. sg. pad with vi-a, JV. sg. m. Ind. asmad, N. sg.
I past Ptc. Pass. Cans.
the birds I having ascertained-' the vulture killed. Therefore I
. ft s L»

brt, lsg. Bahuv. -la, Q.

G. sg. m. f/ Bahuv. -di, Ac. sg. ». 7«<i. karn, wi<A a, G«r. tad,JV.
Pres. Par. } V. «ff. m.
say : of one of unknown-family- ^ !\ etc. Thus having heard that
(and) character,

• • •
-ka, N. sg. Avyay. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -ga, G. sg. Ttp. -na, L. sg. -vat, If. sg. m. Ind.
jackal with anger says : Of the deer on the first-seeing-day you also

^TfT^srcr^sr ^ i wzfri w
Bahuv. -la, N. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Ind. -vat, I. sg. m. Ind. etad, G.sg.m.
one of unknown-family- (and) character just; then how you with of him

Ttp. -ti, If. sg. Ind. vridh, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.

the affection-continuance higher-higher grows ?

■ • • •
Ind.Karm. -na, N. sg. Ind. as, 3 sg. Slagh, jV. sg. m. Ind. Bahuv. -dhi, If. sg. m, Ind.
Pres.Par. Ptc. Put. Pass.
Where a learned-man not is, to be praised there one of little-intellect even,

ftwrc^ ^t^r sfa ^rr*m ii ^ ii

Bahuv. -pa, L. sg. m. -sa, L. sg. -da, X. sg. Ind. drumaya, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.
in an of trees-deprived place the Eranda plant even is considered a tree. (68)

^rtw i ^ f*re: t^t ^ wiT ^re^m i

-jS,, If. sg.n. Ind. idrnn, If. sg.m. If. sg.m. -ra,, If. sg.m. Ind. Ind. -T>&,N.sg. Bahuv. -tas.G.pi.m.
Again and, ' This one of us, a stranger or ' thus calculation of the narrow-
minded,

^TT^RfTPTT ?J ^pfc II II
Bahuv. -ta, G. pi. m. Ind. Ttp. -dha, N sg. Ind. -ka, JV. sg.
of persons of generous-conduct on the contrary the earth even a family. (69)

• • •
Ind. idam, If. sg.m. -ga,,If.sg. asmad, G. sg. -dhu,Nsg. Ind. -vat, N.sg.m. Ind. -g%If.sg.
As this deer of me a friend, thus you also. The deer
 ( 46 )

• • •
bril, SsgJmpf.Par. kim, N. sg. ». idam, I. sg. n. -m,I.sg. -va, I. pi. m. Ind. Tip. -pit, I. pi.
said : What with this discussion ? by all in one place, with confidence-
talks,

-khin, I. pi. in. stha, 3 sg. Imp. Pass.

happy let be remained.

• • • •
Ind. Ind. kim-chit, N. sg. m. G.sg.m. -m,If.sg. Ind. kim-chit, N. G.sg.m. -pa.N.sg.
sg.m.
For, Not anybody of any body the friend, not anybody of any body the enemy,

^rr^i?T f^TwiT ii ii
-m,I.sg. -ra,,N.pi. jan, S.pi. Pres. Jim. -j>u,N.pi. Ind.
through intercourse friends are made, enemies likewise. (70)

grT^^r^i i inm^ i ^ro m?r: si *TOTfwra^si Ten: i

• «
-ka, I.sg. vanh.N.sg.n. Ind. as, Ssg. Ind. Ind. -va, JV. Karm. -sa, Ac. sg. gam, JV. pi. m.
past PtcPass. Imp.Par. pl.m. past PtcPass.
By the crow said : Thus it be. Now in the morning all to ad libitum- gone.
place

TFsrzj fing?r s^rr^r -m i w sfw^^r^r ircry^w-

Ind. -t&,Ac.sg.n. -l&,N.sg. brft. Ssg. -khi, V. sg. idam, L.sg. m. Ttp. -Sa, L. sg. Karm. -Ta,,
Adv. Pres. Atm. N. sg.
One day secretly the jackal says: Friend, in this of the wood- acorn-filled-
one part field

as, 3 sg. tad, Ac. asmad. yushmad, nl, Ger. dri§, 1 sg. Ind. kri, L. sg%,. past
Pres. Par. sg.n. N.sg. Ac.sg. Pres.Par. Caus. Ptc. Pass.
is, that I, thee having conducted, show. Thus done

as, L. sg. n. -ga, N. sg. Avyay. Ind. gam, Gcr. -ya, Ac. sg. khad, 3 sg. Ind. Ttp. -ti, /. sg.
Ptc. Pres. Par. Pres. Par.
being, the deer daily there having gone the corn eats. Now by the field-
owner

tad, Ac. sg. n. dris, Ger. -6&,N.sg. yuj, N. sg. m. past Ind. Ind. gam with &jf.sg.m.
Ptc. Pass. Cans. past Ptc. Pass.
that having perceived a snare fixed. Thereupon again approached

-ga, N. sg. -Sa, I. pi. bandh, N. sg. m. chint, 3 sg. kim, JV. asmad, Ind. Ttp. -sa, Ab.sg.
past Ptc. Pass. Impf.Par. sg. m. Ac. sg.
the deer by the snares caught thought : Who me from here from the death-
snare,

I
 0

( 47 )

■ • • •
Ind. Ttp. -sa, Ab. sg. trai, Inf. -ra,,Ab.sg. -j&,N.sg.m. -tha, N. sg. m. Ind.
as it were, from the hunter's- to save, from the friend different, able ? There
snare

-ra, L.sg.n.Adv. -ka,N.sg.m. Ind. gam with a, Ger. stha with upa, Jf. sg.m. chint, 3 sg. Impf.Par.
past Ptc. Pass.
meantime the jackal there having gone, near-stepped thought :

-ta, N. sg.f. Ind. asmad, G.pi. Ttp. -dha, I. sg. Ttp. -dhi, N. sg. etad, G. sg.m.
Fruit-bearing then of us through the deceit-plot the wish- accomplishment; of him,

krit with ud, G. sg. m. Ttp. -ta, JV. pi. n. -thi, N. pi. asmad, /. sg. Ind. bpwith pra, N.pi.
Ptc. Pres. Pass. ». Ptc. Put. Pass.
being cut up, the flesh-blood-smeared bones by me surely to be got.

frrf% *rrs^§fa ifr^iTrf^ *rf%*if?T i ttt-

tad, N. pi. n. -ya, sg. -na, N. pi. bhu, 3 pi. Put. ii. Par. -ga, N. sg. tad, Ac. sg. m. dris, Ger.
They in abundance food will be. The deer him having seen

las with ud, N. sg. m. bru, 3 sg. -khi, V. sg. chhid, 2 sg. Ind. asmad, G. sg. -na, Ac. sg. Avyay. trai, 2 sg
past Ptc.Pass. Cans, Pres.Atm. Imp. Par. Imp.Atm.
delighted says: Friend, cut now of me the fetter; quickly deliver

*rf i i
asmad, Ac. sg. Ind.
me. For, '
»

-d, L. pi. -ra, Ac. sg. jna, 3 sg. Pot. Par. -dha, I. sg. -ra, Ac. sg. -na, L. sg. -chi, vie. m.
In misfortunes a friend one may know, in battle a hero, in debt an honest man,

vtrfc ^ 5?Twiv 11 ^\ 11
-ya, Ac. sg. kshi, L. j>Z. n. past Ptc. Pass, -ta, L. pi. -na, L. p£. Ind. -va, .4c. pi.
a wife in lost riches, in troubles and relations. (71)

^ 1 ^fiS$ TT^fT^i 1
-r&,N.sg.n. Ind. -va, L. sg. -n&,L.sg. Ind. Ind. -sha,L.sg. Ttp. -va, L. sg.
Another and, At a festival, in affliction and even, in dearth, in reign-revolution,

TT^Tt ^ *rf%sf?r ¥ *rftre: 11 ^ 11

Ttp. -ra, L. sg. -v&,L.sg. Ind. yad, N. stha, 3 sg. tud.N. -va.JV.«0.
sg.m. Pres. Par. sg.m.
at the king's door, on the cemetery and who stands, he a friend. (72)
 ( 48 )

^? • • •
-ka^N.sg. Ind. Ind. -sa, Ac. sg. lok with vi, chint, 3 sg. -(lh&,N.sg.m. Ind. iAa,ra,N.sg.m.
Ger. Impf. Par.
The jackal again-again the snare having eyed thought: Strong so far this

-dha,JV. sg. bru, 3 »g. Pres. Mm. Ind. -khi, V.sg. Ttp.-ta,N.pl.m. ctad, N. pi. m.
fetter; says and: Friend, of sinews-made these

qnrrwT^ »uk*<ik ^swtT"^: ^prrfa i

• • • •
-§a,JV. pi. Ind. Ind. -r&,L.sg. Ind. eiad^Ac.pi.m. -t^I.pi. spriS, 1 sg.
Pres.Par.
snares, therefore to-day on a Sun-day how these with the teeth I touch ?

ftpr *rwm ?t^T wTs

-ra, V. sg. Ind. -ta, L. sg. Ind. Ind. man, 2 sff. Pres. Am. 7»<Z. -ta, L. sg.
Friend, if in thy mind not otherwise thou thinkest, then in the morning

yad,JV. sg.n. yushmad, I. sg. m. vach, N. sg. n. Pto. Fut. Pass. tad, N.sg.n. kri, N. sg.n. Ptc. Fut. Pass.
what by thee to be said, that to be done.

* •
Ind. vach, Ger. Ttp. -pa, L. sg. -man, Ac. sg. chhad with a, Ger. stha, JV. s^r. m.
past Ptc. Pass.
Thus having said, of him-in the neigh- himself having concealed stood
bourhood

i vRrft * gn^r: na'row *pT*RPTfm-

tad,N.sg.m. Ind. ted.N.sg.m. -k%N.sg. Tip. -la. L. sg. -e&,Ac.sg. Karm.-ta,,Ac.sg.m.
he. Thereupon that crow at evening-time the deer not-returned

lok with ava, Ger. Ind. Ind. isli with anu, Ger. -dha, .4c. «t. driS, Ger.
having seen, here (and) there having searched, the so-conditioned having seen,

vach, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -khi, F. sg. kim, N. sg. n. etad, JV. sg. n. -ga, /. sg. vach, N. sg.n. past Ptc. Pass.
said : Friend, what this ? By the deer said :

Karm. -ya, G. sg. -la, N. sg. etad, N. sg. n. Ind. Ind. vach, N. sg. n. past
Ptc. Pass.
Of the slighted-friend's-word the fruit this. Thus and said :
 v

( 49 )

-d, 0. pi. Bahuv. -m&, G. pi. m. ysA,N.sg.m. 6ru,3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. -t&,Ac.sg.
Of friends well-wishing who hears not the word,

-pad, N. sg. dh&withmm-m.iy.sg.f. tad, G. sg. m. N.sg.m. -m^N.sg. Ttp. -ra, N.sg.m.
past Ptc. Pass.
adversity near of him ; that man an enemy-delighter. (73)

-ka, y. sg. bra, 3 sg. Pres. Attn. tuA, N.sg.m. -k&,N.sg. Ind. is,3sg.Pres. Attn. -g&,I.sg.
The crow says: that rogue (jackal) where does he sit? By the deer

. . *^
vach, N. sg. n. Tip. -thin, N. sg. m. sVa&.Ssg. Pres. Par. Ind. Ind. -ys,N.sg. bra, Ssg.
past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Attn.
said : For my-flesh-longing he stands there just. The crow says :

vach, JV. sg. n. Ind. asmad, I.sg. .v&,Ac.sg.n.Adv.

past Ptc. Pass.
Said indeed by me before.

• • •
-dha, N. sg. Ind. asmad, G. sg. as, 3 sg. Prss. Par. Ind. Ind. etad, N. sg. n. Tip. -na, JV. sg.
' An offence not of me is,' thus not this for confidence-a reason,

f^m f% ^IWY ^TWITOfa II ^>8 II

vid, 3 sg. Pres. Pass. Ind. -sa, Ab.pi. m. -j&,N.sg. -v&t, G. pi. m. Ind. ;
it is known for from the mischievous danger of the virtuous even. (74)

Ttp. -dha, Ac. sg. Ind. Tip. -y&,Ac. sg. -ti, Ac. sg.
Of a lamp-extinction-the smell and, a friend's-word, the star Arundhati,

T f^TSift T 3^f?r «T Tn^f7T tftT^?: II II

Ind. ghrft, Spi. Pres. Par. Ind. Sru, Spl. Ind. dris, 3 pi. Bahuv. -yus, N.pi. m.
Pres. Par. Pres.Par.
not smell, not hear, not see those whose life-is gone. (75)

r ^
sha, L. sg. n. Ttp. -tri, Ac. sg. m. -sha, L. sg. «. Ttp. -Am, Ac. sg. m.
Away from-the eye design-destroying, before-the eye kind words-speaking,

^<)tu<£ ai fM fw^pi q^V^r 11 M II

vrij, 3 sg.Pot.Par. -Sa, Ac.su. ,i. -n.Ac.sg. Ttp. -bha, Ac.sg. Bahuv. Ac. sg.m.
one should avoid such a friend, a poison-pot having a milk-surface. (76)
H
 ( 50 )

Ind. -ka, JV.»gr. -gim, Ac. sg.n. Adv. svas with iris, Ger. /n<J. -ka, F". «gr. kim, JV. ».
Then the crow deeply having sighed : Alas, rogue, what

yushmad, /. sg. Sahtiv. -man, I. sg.m. kri, N.sg.n. past Ptc. Pass. Ind.
by thee wicked-deeds performing done ? For,

lap wiWt sam, G.pi. m. -ra, 7. pi. ». -cbss.I.pi. Karm. -ra, I. pi. Ind. vasi-kri, G. pi. m.
past l'tc. Pass. Cans. . past. Ptc. Pass.
Of those addressed with sweet words, with pretended-services and enchanted,

-vat, G. pi. m. srad-dha, G. pi. m. Ind. -ka,Z.«(7. Ind. -thin, G. pi. m. vanch, JV. sg. n.
Ptc. Pres. Par. Ptc. Put. Pass. Caus.
of the hopeful, of the confiding and in the why of supplicants cheating to be
world, done is? (77)

-rin, L. Srambh with vi, L. Bdhuv. -ti, yad, N. char with sarn-a, -pa, Ac. sg. «.
sg.m. sg.m. past Ptc. Pass. L.sg.m. sg.m. ^sg. Pres. Par.
Upon the the confident, the pure- who practices wickedness,
beneficent, minded,
I

tad,.4<;. -na, Ac. Bahuv. -dha, -vat, V. sg.f. Ttp. -dha, Ind. vah, 2 sg. Pres. Par.
sg. m. sg. Ac. sg. m. V. sg.
that man treacherous, O venerable earth, how dost thou bear ? (78)

Karm. -na, /. -ma, Ac. sg. -ya, -ti, Ac. sg. lad. Ind. Ind. kri, 3 sg. Pot. Par.
n. Adv. Caus.
The wicked man with friendship, affection and also not one should make,

-na, JV. sg. m. dah, 3 sg. Ind. -ra, JV. sg. -ta, JV. sg. m. krishnaya, 3 sg. -ra, Ac. sg.
Pres. Par. Pres. Atm.
hot burns and the coal, cold it blackens the hand. (79)

Ind. -ti, JV. sg. idam, JV. sg.f. Karm. -na,, G.pi.
Or else the maxim this of the wicked :

prach, Ac. sg. n. Adv. -da, L. du. pat, 3*0. Pres. Par. khad, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -sa, Ac. sg.
Ii) front at the feet he falls, he eats of the back-the flesh ;
 ( 51 )

-na^-Z. sg. -la, Ac. sg. ». kim, Ac. sg. n. Ind. ru, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. -ra, Ac. sg. n.
in the ear tune some he hums softly a wondrous one ;

-ra, Ac. sg. rup with ni, Ger. -has, /, sg. vis, with pra, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -ka, N. sg. m.
a hole having espied with haste he enters fearless ;

^R?rcr ^fVffT II ^8 II
-va, Ac. sg. ». -la, G. sg. m. -ta, Ac. sg. ». -ka, JV. sg. kri, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
the whole of the wicked conduct the gnat practises. (80)

fSI*WT<0 ^ ^fff^'gTWTTW I
Karm. -na, JV. »0. Tip. -din, N. sg. m. Ind. Ind. etad, N. sg. n. Tip. -ua, JV. »£.
A wicked a kind words-speaking and, not this a confidence-reason,

WS f?Wf?t fawft f ^T^TTW f%tf II II

-dhu, JV. sg. n. sth&, Ssg. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. -&, L. sg. -ht,N.sg.n. -sha, N. sg.
Pres. Par.
honey stands on the tongue-tip, in the heart Halahala poison. (81)

Ind. -ta, Z. sg. Ttp. -ti, W. Bahuv. -ta, JV. sgr. m. tad, .4c. -sa, .4e. «0. gam with a, -V. s<7. m
sg. in. Ptc. Pres. Par.
Now in the morning the field-owner stafF-in hand that place approaching

• • •
-ka, I.Sg. lok with A.v&,N.sg. t&<\,Ac. lokwithH, Ger. -ka.Zs0. .mch.N.sg.n.past -khi,F.«(7.
m.past Ptc. Pass. sg.m. Ptc. Pass.
by the crow espied. Him having seen by the crow said : Friend

*JT ^TTWT'T WR<lhC^ 3M«T|<< tRfa^T

• • •
-ga, V. sg yushmad, -man, Ind. dris with sam, Ger. -ta, I. sg. -ra, Ac. sg. prl, Ger.
N. sg. Ac. sg. m Cans.
deer, thou thyself dead-like having shown, with wind the stomach having filled,

• • •
-da, Ac.pi. stabdhl-kri, Ger. stha, 2 sg. Ind. asmad, -da, Ac. sg. kri, 1 sg. Pres. Ind. yushmad,
Imp. Par. If. sg. Par. JV. sg.
the feet having stiffened, remain. When I a noise make, then thou

• «
stha with ud, Ger. Avyay. ay with pala, 2 sg. -ga, N. sg. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -na, I. sg.
Put. fi. Par.
having got up with-haste wilt run away. The deer thus just by the crow's-word

fern: i fra: %^rof7RT ^^wh^r froTftvY

stha, X. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. Ind. Ttp. -ti, I. sg. Bahuv. -rm, I. sg.m. -dha, tr. sg. m.
remained. Then by the field- whose eyes-(were) ex- the so-conditioned
owner, panded-with joy,
H3
 ( 52 )

*pr ^T^rf%fT: i ypt sfa i Twm

-gs, N. lok with a, JV. sg. Ind. Ind. raTi, N.sg.m. as,2 sg. Pres. Ind. vach, Ger. -g&,Ac.sff.
sg. m. past Pte. Pass. past Ptc. Pass. Par.
deer perceived. ' Ha ! of thyself dead thou art.' Thus having said the deer

-na, Ab. sg. much, Ger. -sa, Ac. pi. grah, Inf. Bahuv. -na, N. bh\L 3 ff^. /n<Z.
sg. m. Perf. Par.
from the fetter having delivered, the snare to take up busy . he was. Then

SI & \*
Ttp. -da., Ac. sg. am, Ger. -g&,N.sg. Avyay. stha with ud, Ger. ay with pala, N. sg.
m. past Ptc. Pass.
the crow's-voice having heard, the deer with-haste having risen, escaped.

tad, Ac. diiwiiftud, tad, I.sg. Ttp. -ti, I. sg. kship. I. sg. m. past -da, /. sg. -l&,N.sg. htm, N.sg.m.
sg.m. Ger. m. Ptc. Pass. past Ptc. Pass.
Him aiming-at by that field-owner with a thrown stick the jackal killed.

• • • • • •
Ind. Ind. v&ch.N.sg.n. tri,I.pi. -sli&JT.pi. tri, I.pi. -sa,7.j>J. MJT.pi. -sha,,I.pl. M,I.pi. -na,.T.
pastPtcJ'ass. pi.
Thus and said: In three years, in three months, in three fortnights, in three days,

• • •
Karm. -t&, I. pi. n. Dvandva. -ya, I. pi. n. Ind. Ind. -la, Ac.sg. as, 3 sg. Pres. Attn.
through extraordinary good (and) -bad (actions) here even the fruit one reaps.,,(82)

Ind. asmad, brix, 1 sg. Dvandva. -ka, G. du. -ti,N.sg. Bahuv. -di, -ka, N. sg. Ind. ah, Ssg.
N. sg. Pres. Par. Ac. sg. n. Perf. Par.
Therefore I say : Of the food-(and) the etc. The crow again says :
the eater affection,

bhaksh, I sg.m. past Ptc. Pass. Ind. -vat, I. sg.m. Ind. -T&,N.sg. asmad, G. sg. m. -l&, N.sg.m.
Eaten even by you not the food of me plenteous,

«Elfa 3fcjffT SpfaTfa f*nrc"fa H ^ II

yushmad.i.«ff. jlv, L. sg. m. Ptc. Pres. Par. lsg. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -v&,N.sg. Ind. Bahuv. -gha, V. sg.
in thee living I live, Chitragriva like, oh harmless ! (83)

-y&,N.sg.n. Ind. tiryach, G. Ind. -sa, N.sg. dris, N. sg. m. Bahuv. -man, G. pi. m.
pi. m. pist Ptc. Pass.
Again and, Of brutes even confidence is seen (performing) pure-only-actions,
 ( 53 )

Wfit f% WT^fHtfTasWTr 5T fT^ II ^8 II

•t, G.pi.m. Ind. -tva.Ab.sg. Karm. -va, N. sg. Ind. vrit withm,3sg.Pres.Atm.
of the good for from good-character the natural-disposition not turns away. (84)

Ind. -dhu, G. sg. m. kup with pra, G.sg. m. Ind. -nas, JV. sg. Ind. ya with a, 3 sg. -ya, Ac: sg.
past Ptc. Pass. Cans. Pres. Par.
Moreover, of the good irritated even the mind not goes-to change,

T f% ?TT<ifafj TO WTITfT^W^frU II ^ II
/»& /n<i. tap, Inf. Cans, -ya, JV. sg. n. Ttp. -btaas, sg. Ttp. -kit, /. s^.
Not for . to heat possible the ocean-water with a straw-fire. (85)

-ka, N.sg. brn, 3«0. -\%N.sg.m. yushmad, -la, I. sg. Ind. -h&,N.sg. Ind.
Pres. Attn. N. sg.
Hiranyaka says : Unsteady thou, an unsteady one with friendship by any means

Ind. kri, N. sg. m. Ptc. Pvt. Pass,

not to be made.

Ind. Ind. vach, JV. sg. ». -ra, N. sg. -sha, JV. sg. -sha, y. sg. -ka, JV. sg. Karm. -sha, JV. sg. Ind.
past Ptc. Pass.
Thus and said : A cat, a buffalo, a ram, a crow, a bad man likewise,

f^TWFR*nam fwif^ ^rfafr: 11 11

• • • •
-s%Ab.sg. bhfl with pra, 3pi. etad, JV. j>Z. m. -sa,JV.«^. Ind. Ind. -t&,N.sg.m.
Pres. Par.
from confidence become strong these ; confidence there not proper. (86)

• • •
Ind. -ya, N. sg. n. Bakuv. -sha, N. sg. m. -vat, N. asmad, vach, N. sg. n.past Ind. etad, JV.
sg. m. G. pi. Ptc. Pass. sg. n.
Besides another; with the enemies-siding you of us; said and this:

-ru, I. sg. Ind. Ind. dha with sam, 3 sg. Karm. -ta, I. sg. m. Ind. -dhi, /. sg.
Pot. Par.
With an enemy not surely one should unite through a well-fastened even union,
oneself

^rcmfa vrtft ?m*rfiN 11 11

Karm. -ta, N. sg. n. Ind. -ya, JV. sg. sam, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Cans. Ind. -ka, Ac. sg.
well-heated also water quenches yet the fire. (87)
 ( 54 )

Karm. -na, N. sg. hri with pari, N. sg. m. -y&,I.sg. kri with alam, JV. «gr.m. i«<Z. &s,N.sg.m.Ttc.
Ptc. Fut. Pass. past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.
A wicked man to be avoided with knowledge decorated even being,

*?fw HfafT: f^rft t wrt:: 11 « 11

-ni, Z sg. bhush, JV. sff. m. -pa, JV. 2nd. adas, N.sg.m. Ind. Ttp.-m,N.sg.m.
past Ptc. Pass.
with the jewel decorated the serpent, (is) he not terrific ? (88)

T fT^^ *T^^ W*fa <T7TN I

• • • ■
yad, y. Karm. -ya, JV*. /jk2. tad, JV. -ya, N. sg. «. yad, N. -ya, ». id. Ind. tad, iV. n.
sg. n. sg. n. sg. n. $g. n.
What impossible, not that possible; what possible, possible certainly that;

l)4* T&Z *(tfff 5T ^ ^t^^f?r ^ II II

• •
Ind. -ka, L. sg. -ta, N. sg. ya, 3 sg. Pres. Ind. Ind. nau, N. sg. gam, 3 sg. Pres. -la, L. sg.
Par. Par.
not in water a cart goes, not and a ship goes on dry land. (89)

-ra, jV. sg. n. Ind. -hat, I.sg.m. Ind. Ttp.-m, I.sg. yad, Jf. sf7. m. ivaswithvi.Ssg. -ni.L.pi.
Pres. Par.
Another and, With great even wealth- affluence who confides in enemies,

^ f*tWS fTTfT W Wt^T II £-° II

-y&,L.pi. Ind. rani with vi, L.pi.f. Bahuv.-ts,,N.sg.n. tad,G.sg.m. -Zi&,N.sg.
past Ptc. Pass.
in wives and disaffectionate, there-ending of him the sustenance. (90)

^r^ff^ i *f i fmrfa tuT

-ka, N. sg. bru, 'i„sg. Pres. sTU,N.sg.n.past asmad, I. sg. -va, N.sg.n. Ind. Ind. asmad,
Attn. Ptc. Pass. G. sg.
Laghupatanaka says : Heard by me all. Thus even of me

Ind. -Tat, N.sg.m. -pa, JV. sg. yushmad, Ind. -ya, N.sg. -y&,Ac.sg.n. kri, JV. sg. n. Ptc. Ind.
I. sg. Adv. Fut. Pass.
and such the resolution : ' Thee with friendship necessarily to be made,' thus ;

Ind. Ind. Karm. -ra, I. sg. -man, Ac. sg. pad with vi-a, 1 sg. Fut. ii. Par. Caus. Ind. Ind.
not if, through want of food myself I shall kill. Thus for :

Ind. .ya, JV. sg. m. (rt. bhid) -na, N- sg.m. Ind. Karm. -na. N. sg. VbA,isg. Pres. Par.
Earthen- easy-to be broken, difficult-to be and, the wicked man is ;
pot-like united
 ( 55 )

^PTO^J ^^ZW^^S^T^WC II £~\ II

• • ••
Karm. -na, Ind. Ind. -ya.,N.sg.m. Ind. -ja,N. sg. m. {rt. dit& with sam)
N. sg. Ptc. Fut. Pass.
the good on the golden-pot-like difficult-to and easily to be united. (91)
man, contrary be broken

Ind. -tva, Ab. sg. Karm. -ha, G. pi. -ta, Ab. sg. JDvandva. -kshin, G. pi.
Moreover, From flexibility of all-metals, from a motive of beasts- (and) birds,

wTwr*TTw Wmrt **T?r {4<u«m! 11 11

• • •
-ya.Ab.sg. -bha, Ab. sg. Ind. -kha, G. pi. -t&, N. sg.n. -n&, Ab. sg. -i.G.pi.m.
from fear, cupidity and, of the fools the union, from sight of the good. (92)

fiN I *iTf<*^«raTvrn' sf^ f% ^-^rT: I

Ind. Bahuv. -ra, N. pi. m. dri§, 3 pi. Pres. Pass. Ind. Ind. Karm. -na, If. pi.
Moreover, Cocoanut-like-formed are seen also indeed the good-men,

-ya, I\T. pi. m. Bahuv. -ra, N. pi. m. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ra, N. pi. m.
others jujube-shaped externally merely charming. (93)

■
Ttp. -da, L. sg. Ind. -dhu, G. pi. m. -na, JV. pi. Ind. ya with a, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -ya, Ac. sg.
In love-in- even of the good the virtues not go-to change,
terruption

-ga, L. sg. Ind. Ind. -]a, G. pi. bandh with anu, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -tu, JV. pi.
in the fracture even for of lotus stalks remain connected the fibres. (94)

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -tva, If. sg. n. -ta, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. Dvandva. -kha, L. du. '
Again and, Purity, generosity, bravery, constancy in happiness (and) -misfortune,

■ •
-ya, N. sg. Ind. -ti, N. sg. Ind. -ta, N. sg. Ind. Ttp. -na, N. pi.
rectitude and, attachment and, veracity and, a friendVqualities. (95)

etad, I. pi. m. -na, I. pi. i with una, N. sg. m. Ttp. -ya, If. sg. m. asmad, I. sg. kim, JV. -d, N. sg.
past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.
With these qualities endowed but you-another by me who as a friend

ap with pra, N. sg. m. Bahuv. -di, Ac. sg. n. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. karn with a, -ka, JV. sg.
Ptc. Fut. Pass. Ger.
to be found ? Thus-beginning of him-the speech having heard, Hiranyaka
 ( 56 )

• • •
Ind. sri with nis, Ger. ah.Ssg. py&iwith&,N.sg.m. asmad, tf. sg. -vat, G. idam, I.
Perf. Par. past Ptc. Pass. Cans. pi. m. sg. ».
forth out-slipping says : Regaled I of you by this

■
Ttp. -ta, I. sg. Ind. Ind. vach,Ar. sg.n.past Ptc. Pass.
word-nectar. Thus and said :

Ttp. -ta, Ac. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Karm. -la, I. pi. -na, If. sg. Ind. Ttp. -H, If. sg.
The heat- oppressed not thus with cool-waters bathing, not a pearl-necklace,

Ind. Ttp. -na, N. sg. Bukhara, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Avyay. Ind. ri, JV. sg.n. past Ptc.
Pass. Caus.
not sandal-ointment comforts, lijib by limb even applied,

-ti, D. sg. Ttp. .ta, N. sg. bha with pra, Ind. Ind. -tas, G. sg.
3 sg. Pres. Par.
to the gratification of good-men-the speech serves commonly as of the mind,

Karm. -ti, I. sg. Ind. kri with puras. JV. sg. ». -tin, G. pi. m. Bahuv. -ma, N. sg. n.
past Ptc. Pass.
with good-argu- and put-forth of the good, attraction-charm- (9C)
ment equal.

-ya, JV. sg. n. Ind. Ttp. -da, JV. sjr. -na, JV. «0. Ind. -ya, JV. sj. -ta, If. sg.
Again and, Secret-betrayal, begging and, severity, fickle-mindedness,

-dha, N. sg. -ta, If. sg. -ta, JV. sff. etad, If. s^. ». -ra, <?. sg. -na, JV. sff.
anger want-of truth, gambling,— this a friend's fault. (97)

idam, I. sg. m. Tip. -ma, i". sg. Ttp. -na, N. sg. Ind. yushmad, L. sg. Ind. laksh, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
Through this speech- course of them-one- even in thee not is perceived:
fault

Ind. -tva, If. sg. -tva, If. sg. Ttp. -ga, I. sg. budh, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
For, Eloquence, veracity, through the speech-course is known,

^aj^JT^IW ITW^WT^R^ II <L/C n

■ •
-tva, N'. sg. -ya, JV. sg. -ksha, I. sg. n. Adv. gam with ava, 3 sg. Pres. Pass.
unsteadiness, fickleness, at sight is discovered. (98)
 ( 57 )

■ «
-ra, JV. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. -i&,K.sg. bhu, 3 sg. Pot. Par. Ba!iuv.-m&n,G.sg.m.
Another and, Otherwise truly for the friendship will be of the pure-minded,

vritwirtpra, Ssg. Pres. Attn. Ind. -ni,N.sg. Bahuv. -tas, G. »g. m.

proceeds otherwise the language of one whose heart-is affected- (99)
by deceit.

-nas, L.sg. -j&,N.sg.n. -etas, L.sg. -ya, X. sg. n. -ya, N.sg.n. -y&, N.sg.n. Bahuv. -man,
_ . r G.pi.m.
In the mind another thing, in the speech another, the action another of the wicked,

*TT^ =nHs^ 3f*TO3f *r?n?Rt 11 \00 ii

• • •
-nas, L. sg. -k^N.sg.n. -chaa, L. sg. -ka,JV. -man, L. sg. -ka,AT. Bahwe. -man, G. pi. m.
sg. n. sg. n.
in the mind one thing, in the speech one, in the action one of the noble-minded. (100)

• • •
Ind. bhu, 3 sg. -vat, G. sg.m. man with abhi, N. sg. ». Ind. Ind. vach, Ger. -ka, N. sg.
Imp. Par. past. Ptc. Pass.
Therefore be of you the wished even. Thus having said Hiranyaka

S&,Ac.sg. dha withvi, Ger. Ttp. -sha, I. pi. -s&.Ac.sg. tush+sam, Ger. Cans. -r&,Ac.sg.
friendship having made, with food-dainties the crow having regaled, the hole

vis witt pra, N. sg. m. -sa, JV. «0. ind. Karm. -na, .4c. «ff. gam JV. sff. m. Ind. Ind. tad, G. du. nt.
past. Ptc. Pass. past PtcPass.
entered. The crow also to his-place gone. Thence-forward of those two

• » «
Ttp. -na, l.sg. Ttp. -na,, I. pi. Ttp. -vs., I. pi. Ind. -\a,,K.sg. rritwUhvAi,Ssg.Pres.Atm,
with mutual- with health- with confidential- and, the time passes by.
food-presenting, enquiries, conversations

Ind. -ka, X. sg. -ka, Ac. sg. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -khi, V. sg. Bahuv. -ra, Ac. sg- n.
One day Laghupatanaka to Hiranyaka says : Friend, with very difficult-to
be procured-food

« •
idam, Ac. sg. n. -na, Ac. sg. tyaj with pari, Ger. Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg. gam, Inf. ish, 1 Pres. Par.
this plnce having left to another place to go I wish.
I
 ( 58 )

-ka,Jv".«0. bru, 9sg. -m,V.sg. Ind.

gam, N.sg.n.Ptc. Ind. Ind. vach,^. sg.n.past
Pres.Atm. Put. Pass. Ptc.Pass.
Hiranyaka says : Friend, where to be gone ? Thus and Baid :

chal, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -lu&, I. sg. m. -d&,I.sg. stha, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ka,/. sg. m. -mat.JV. sg. m.
He goes with one foot, he stands with one, the wise man,

Ind. iksh with stan,Ger.with& -ra.Ac.sg.n. -na,,Ac.sg. -v&.Ac.sg.n. -n&,Ac.sg. ty&s,3sg.Pot.Par.

not, without-having seen another place, the former abode one should leave. (101)

-s&,N.sg. brb, 3 sg. Pres.Atm. as.Ssg.Pres.Par. Karm. -na, N. sg. -kz,N.sg. vad,3»g'.
Impf. Par.
The crow says : There is a well-investigated-place. Hiranyaka said :

kim, If. sg. n. tad, JIT, sg. n. -sa, JV. sg. bru, 3 sg. Pres. Attn, as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Karm. -ya, L. sg.
What that ? The crow says : There is in the Dandaka-wood

Bahuv. -na, N. sg. ». -ras, N. sg. Ind. Ttp. -ta, A7", sg. m. Karm. -d, N. sg. asmad, G. sg.
Karpuragaura-named a lake ; there since a long-time- a dear-friend of me
acquired

4i*KiftvT*r: gr^fr viffe tf^ftr I

Bahuv. -na, N. sg. m. -pa, N.sg. -k&,N.sg.m. vas with prati, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
Manthara-named a tortoise, virtuous, dwells.

i rnfrq^ *?tf%fa *sref w< i

Ttp. -6a, Z. «<7. -ya, N. sg. -va, <7. pi. m. -ra, A^. «<7. ». nri, G. pi.
For, In to others-advice skill of all easy of men,

•m%L.sg. -ya, N. sg. n. -vat, N.sg. kim-chid. G. sg.m, Ind. Bahuv. -man, G. sg.m.
in virtue one's own practice of some one, indeed, highminded. (102)

tad, JV. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -sha, pi. asmad, Ac. sg. vridh with sam, 3 sg. -ka, N. sg.
.Put. ii. Par. Cans.
He and with food-dainties me will treat. Hiranyaka
 ( 59 )

• • • •
Ind. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Ind. k\m,N.sg.n. Ind. Mv\witha,va,Ger. asmad.I.sg. kii.N.sg.n.Ptc.Fut.Pass.
also says : ' Then, what, here staying, by me to be done ?

• «
Ind. yad, L. sg. m. -sa, L. sg. Ind. -na, N. sg. Ind. -ti, N. sg. Ind. Ind. -to, N. sg.
For, In which place not honour, not employment, not and a friend,

*r ^ ftwm: ^f%Ti *ift*TO?TN ii ^ ii

Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ma, JV. «0. kim-chid, tad, Ac. sg. m. -sa, .4o. vrij wriM pari, 3 sg.
N. sg. m. Pot. Par.
not and knowledge- some, that place one should abandon. (103)
advancement

-ra, JV. *«r. ». /nA -ra, JV. sg. Karm. -ya, JV. »0. -ja, N. sg. -ya, Jf.ss". „ta, JV. sg.
Another and, Traffic, safety, shame, rectitude, generosity,

'H'RT f^m T ^^TtPT «f%ffT II \°9 II

■
-cban, y. Ind. Ind. vid, 3 pi. Pres. Pass. Ind. kri, 3 sg. Pot. Par. Ind. -ti, Ac. sg.
the five where not are found, not should one make there a residence. (104)

Ind. -ra, F. 2nd. vas, Ptc.Fut. Pass. Ind. Ind. as, 3 sg. -ya, JV. sg.
There, O friend, not to be dwelt where not is a collection of the four,

^w^nrT ^ thrg ^frf^r: to*TT tft " \oxi h

Ttp.-tr\,N.sg.m. Ind. -j&,N.sg. Ind. -y&,N.sg. -l%N.sg.f. -dl,N.sg.

a creditor and, a physician and, a Brahman learned full of water a river. (105)
in the Vedas,

fHTt *TT*fa fPT *W I TO

Ind. asmad, Ac. sg. Ind. Ind. nl, 2 sg. Imp. Par. Ind. -sa, JV. «0. Ind.
Therefore me also there conduct. Then the crow there

tad, I. sg. n. -ra, sg. Ind. Karm. -pa, I. pi. -kha, /. s^. ». tad, G. sg. n. -rag, O. -pa, .4c. «?- «■
that friend with, under various- pleasantly of that lake into the
conversations proximity

ya, 3 sg. Ind. -ra, N. sg. -ra, Ah. sg. n. lok with ava, -ka, G. sg. Avyay.
Perf. Par. Adv. Ger.
went. Then Manthara from afar having seen, of Laghupatanaka as-proper
1a
 ( 60 )

.$&,Ae.sg. dht., with vi, Ger. -ka, G. sg. Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg. kri, 3 sg. Perf. Par.
hospitality having performed, of the mouse hospitable-reception made.

Ind. -la,,N.sg. Ind. Ind. Ind. -dha, JV. -van, Jf. Ind. -ba,Ac.sg. gam with a, N. sg. m.
sg. m. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.
For, A child either, or an old man, a youth or to the house come,

tad, G. ' -ja, JV. sg. dha with vi, N. sg.f. Ind. gam with abhi-a, JV. sg. -ru, JV. sg. m.
sg.m. Ptc. Fut. Pass. m. past Ptc. Pass.
of him honour to be made ; everywhere the arrived (guest) (is) an object (106)
of respect.

-ru, N. sg. m. -m,N.sg. Bahuv. -ti, G. pi. -m.,G.pl. -na, N. sg. -ru, N. sg. m.
An object of (is) fire for the twice-born, for the castes the Brahman an object of
respect respect;

-ti, N.sg. -ka, N. -ia,N. sg.m. -rl, G. pi. Ind. gam with abhi-a, JV. -ru.JV.
sg. m. sg. m. past. Ptc. Pass. sg. m.
the husband alone an object of for women ; every- the arrived (guest) (is) an' (107)
respect where object of respect.

?WWt S*^7TN I W WOK ^f^X^q^T^^ f%$f%

-sa, N. sg. vad, 3 sg. -khi, V. sg. -ra, V. sg. Karm. -ja, Ac. sg. idam, D, dha with vi, 2
i Impf. Par. sg. m. sg. Imp. Par.
The crow said: Friend Manthara, . extraordinary-attention to him pay ;

Ind. idam, N. sg. m. Bahuv. -man, G. pi. m. -na, N. sg. m. Ttp. -ra, N. sg. Bahuv. -ra&n.-N.sg.m.
for he of the pure-actions the leader, of gentleness- Hiranyaka-
performing jewels-a mine, named,

Ttp. -ja, N. sg. etad, G. sg. m. Ttp. -ti, Ac. sg. Ttp. -ya, I. sg. Ind. Ttp. -ja, JV. sg. Ind.
the mouse-king. Of him the virtue-praise with of tongues- even the serpent- not
two thousands king

• «
Ind. kath, Inf. -tih&,If.sg.m. as, 3 sg. Pot. Ind. vach, Ger. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.
ever to relate able would be. Thus having said, of Chitragriva-the tale

vorn.N. sg. m. -ra, N. sg. Avyay. -ka, Ac. sg. puj with sam, ah, 3 sg. -ra, V. sg.
Ptc. Perf. Par. Ger. Perf Par.
(he) related. Manthara with-respect Hiranyaka having saluted says : My dear,
 ( 61 )

-man, G. sg. Ttp. -Wi,Ac. sg. khya with arh, 2 sg. -ka, JV. sg. vad, 3 sg. kath, 1 sg-
a, Inf. Pres. Par. Impf. Par, Pres.Par-
of yourself the desert-wood-approaching- to tell deign. Hiranyaka said: I tell;
reason

Sru, 3 sg. Imp. Pass, as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -na, L. sg.f. -it, L. sg. Ttp. -tha, W. sg.
it may be heard : There is in the Champaka-named town a mendicant-dwelling.

Ind. Bahuv. -na, JV. sg, -man, Ac, -vraj, JV. sg, vas ietfft prati, 3 sg. tad, JV. s^. m. Ind.
sg.Adv. Pres. Par,
Therein Chudakarna by name a mendicant dwells. He and

Ttp. -ta, Ac. sg. ». Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg. Ttp. -ka, L. sg. stha with ava, Ger. Can*,
with-the of the meals remaining- the alms-dish on a pin in the having placed
alms-food wall

svap, 3 sg. asmad Ind. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg, plu with ud, Ger. ' Avyay, bhaksh 1 sg, Ind.
Pres. Par. JV. sg. Pres. Par.
sleeps. I and his-food, having leaped up, daily eat. Thereupon

tad, G. Karm. -d, JV. sg. Bahuv. -na, N. sg. -man, Ac. sg. Adv. -ka, N. sg. yft with sam-a, N. sg.
sg. m. m. past Ptc. Pass.
of him the dear-friend Vinakarna by name a mendicant came.

tad, I. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -ta, N. sg. m. (rt. stM). asmad, <7. sg. Avyay. Ttp. -da, I. sg.
Him with in conversation-engaged of me for frighten- with a split-bamboo-
ing's sake piece

Bahuv. -na, -mi, Ac. sg. tad, 3 sg. Bahuv. -na, Tach, 3 sg. -khi, V. sg. Ind. Ind. asmad,
N. sg. Impf. Par. N. sg. PerfPar. G. sg.
Chudakarna the ground struck. Vinakarna said : Friend, why thus of me

Ttp. -ta,jV. sg. m. Ttp. -ta, N. sg. nu -mt,N.sg.m. Bahuv. -na, sg. vach, N. sg. *.'
past Pass. Ptc,
the speech-neglecting on something else-intent you ? By Chudakarna said ;

• • •
-ra, V. sg. Ind. asmad, ranj with vi, JV. sg. m. Ind. dps, 2 sg. idam, JV. -ka, JV. sg. asmad, G. sg,
JV. sg. past Ptc. Pass. Imp. Par, sg: m.
Friend, not I absent; but look, this mouse of me
 ( 62 )

- -rin, JV. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -stha, Ac. sg. n. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. plu with ud, Ger.
the plunderer always the in the dish-staying alms-food, leaping up,

*T^ffT I ftWTwf inRffT* f^TlW? I

bhaksh,3*91. Bahuv. -na, N.sg. Ttp. -k&, Ac. sg. lok with vi, Ger. ah.Ssg. Ind.
Pres. Par. . . Perf. Par.
eats. Vinakarna the pin in the wall having examined, says : How

• • •
-ka, N. sg. Bahuv. -la, N. sg. m. Ind. -vat, Ac. sg. ». -ra, Ac, sg. n. Adv. pat with ud, 3 sg.
Pres. Par.
a mouse, of very -little-strength though, so far jumps up?

fT^r ^rrfa grrrwT *rf^ref i fT^rr "=^1"^ i

• • •
Ind. Ind. kim, I. sg. n. Ind. -na, I. sg. bhu, JV. sg. «. Ind. Ind. vach, JV. sg. n.
Ptc. Put. Pass. past. Ptc. Pass.
Therefore here something the reason must be. Thus and said :

Ind. (kim, Ab. sg. ».) -van, N. sg. f.

vjidh, Ac. sg. m. -sa, L. pi. krish with a, Ger. chumb, Ssg.
past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.
Without-a why the young wife the old man by the hairs having drawn near kisses,

•ti, Ac. sg. Avyay. ling with a, Ger. -tu, N. sg. Ind. bhu, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.
the husband unmercifully having embraced, a reason here must be. (108)

Bahuv. -na, JV. sg. prachh, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. etad, JV. sg. n. Bahuv. -na, JV". sg. kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.
ChMakarna asks : How that ? Vinakarna relates :

as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -y&,L.sg. -bl, JV. sg. -man, Ac. sg. Adv. •Tt.N.sg. ta&,L.sg.f. Bahuv. -man, N.sg.m
There is in Gaur Kausambi by name a town. Therein Chandanad&sa-
named

-mj, y. sg. Bahuv. -na, JV. sg. m. vsa with ni,Z sg. tad, I. sg. m. -ma, L. sg. n. -yas.L.sg. rf\t, I.sg.Ptc.
Pres. Par. Pres.Atm.
a merchant of great-wealth lives. By him, in the last stage of life being,

Bahuv. -tas, I. sg. m. Ttp. -pa, Ab. sg. -tl, JV. sg. - -man, Ac. sg. Adv.
having the mind-possessed-by love, from wealth-pride Lilavati by name
 ( 63 )

Ttp. -ri, N. sg.

nl with pari, If. sg.f. tad, If. sg.f. Ind. Bahuv. -tn, G. sg. m. Ttp. -ti, N. sg.
past Ptc. Pass.
a merchant's-daughter wedded. She and of the God of Love the victory-
banner
.for ^Vrorft i * ^ ^^^n: ^'^r^
• ■
Ind. -vat, N. sg.f. bhu,3sj7. tad, If. sg. m. Ind. Karm. .ti, JV. sg. tad.G.sg.f. -shst, D. sg.
Perf. Par.
like youthful was. That and old-husband of her to the satisfaction

Ind. bhtl, 3 sg. Impf. Par.

not was.

*m: i Tifir'ffa f%*mT?rf wm*it twT^i i

Ind. -gin, L. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -ta, G. pi. m. Ttp. -ta, G. pi. m. -vi, L. sg. Ind.
For, In the moon as of the cold-pained, of the heat-oppressed in the sun as,

^IfT ^^Wf ^TTT^ll'Wf^r M*lV II \°£~ II

-nas, N. sg. Ind. ram, 3 sg. Pres. Attn, -rl, G. pi, Bahuv. -ya, L. sg. m. -ti, L. sg.
the mind not delights of women in a by old age-impaired- husband. (109)
senses possessing

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -ta, Z, pi. n. Ind.

dris, L. pi. n. -riis, (?, kim, N. sg.f. -man, -4c. -ta, If. sg.
past Ptc. Pass. sg. Adv.
Again and, Grey hairs already being seen, of a man what ever lovership ?

^rssrflre ^awra: f%*r: 11 11

-ya, Ac. sg. Ind. man, Spl. Pres. Attn. Ind. Bahuv. -nas, N. pi.f. -rl, N. pi.
a drug like they consider, since having others-in their hearts women. (110)

• • •
tad, N. sg. m. Ind. Karm. -ti, If. sg. tad, L. sg.f. Ind. -vat, N. sg, m. ,
That and old-husband of her exceedingly fond;

Ind. Ttp,.&,N.sg. Ttp. -Sa, If. sg. Ind. -ru, If. sg.f. Ttp. -t, G> pU m. Ind.
For, Wealth-hope, life-hope and, dear of the living beings always,

fTWt TT^T ITTWr sfa T^fa^t II W II

vridh, G. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass, -na, JV. sg.f. -ya, N. sg, -na, Ah. pi. Ind. -ru, N. sg.f. Compar.
of an old man a youthful wife than life even dearer. (HI)

■ *
Ind. bhuj with upa,7V. Ind. Ind. tyaj, Inf. sak, 3 sg. Pres. Par. ' -ya, Ac. pi. -rln, tf. sg. M.
Not enjoy, not and give up can the objects of sense an old man,
 ( 64 )

thi, Ac. sg. Bahuv. -na, N. sg. m. 6van, tT. sg. Ind. -va, I. sg. lih, 3 sg. Pres.P. -la, n.
the bone a toothless dog as with the tongue licks merely. (112)

•. ■
Ind. tad, JV, -tl, If. sg. Ttp. -pa, Ab. sg. Bahuv. -da, JV. sg.f. kim, 7. s<7. to. Ind.
Now that Lilavati through youth- having transgressed-of some
pride her family-the bounds

Ttp. -ra, 2". sg. Ind. -vat, N. sg.f. bhu, 3 sg. Perf. Par.
merchant's-son with in love was.

Ind. -ya, JV. sg. Ttp. -ra, i. *«r. .ti, JV. gg1. 2><p, .va, L. sg. -ti, JV. «*7.
For, Independence, in the father's-house residing, at a public-festival attendance,

Tip. -dhi, i. sg. -ma, JV. »0. -sa, N. sg. -sa, Z. «ff. Ind.
of a company-in the presence want of-restraint, living in a strange-place and,

• • «
-ga, A", sg. Ind. -It, /. pZ. Ind. -ti,G.sg. -ja, G. sg.f. -ti, JV. sg.
associating with wanton women, repeatedly of the livelihood, of her own, waste,

-ti, G. sg. -ka, N. sg. -ta, N. sg. -na, JV. -sa, G. sg. -tu, 2V. sg. -rl, G. s<7.
of the old age, jealousy, sojourn of the ruin the cause of a woman. (113)
husband abroad,

•ra, JV. sg. n. Ind. -na, N. sg. Ttp. -Ra, JV. sg. -ti, /. /»<2. -ha, If. sg. -na, JV. sg.
Another and, Drinking, with wicked- from the and separation, roaming about,
associating, husband

^rsrgra-^ ^nrr *rtfmi fwTfi ^ 11 11

■•
-na, N.sg. Ind. Ttp.-\a.,L.sg. -sa,,N.sg. -rl.G.pi. -na, N.pi. shash, JV.
Sleeping and, in another's-house dwelling, of women injurious things six. (114)

• • •
-na, N. sg. Ind. as, 3 sg. Pres. . -na, If. sg. Ind. as, 3 sg. Pres. Ind. as, 3 sa. -tri, If. sg. -ra, N.
Par. Par. Pres. Par. m.
A place not there is, a moment not there is, not there is a soliciting man,
 ( 65 )

ITT^" TT^t^f ^*f1^q3lT^ II II

tad, sg. n. Adv. -da, V. sg. -ri, G. pi. -tva, N. sg. jan with upa, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.
therefore, O Narada, of women chastity is produced, (115)

• • •
Ind. -ri, G. pi. Karm. -ya, kim-chid, N. sg. m. -ya, N, sg. m. Ind. Ind. Ind. vid, 3 sg. Pres.
N. sg. m. t Pass.
Not of women disliked anyone, liked or also not is known,

-JTT^^r 5Tw *TC II II

go, If.pi. -T}&,Ac.sg. Ind. -y&,L.sg. arth with pra, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -va, Ac. sg. m.
cows grass as in a wood, they seek a new, a new one. (116)

-ra, If. sg. n. Ind. Tip. -ma, If. sg.f. -rl, If. sg. Tip. -ma, N. sg. m. pums, If. sg.
Again and, Butter-pot-like the woman, burning-coal-like the man,

?TWf?T ^ ^ ^ *hr* ^T^fv: II II

• .• «
tad, Ab. sg. n. -ta, Ac. sg. Ind. -ni, Ac. Ind. Ind. Ind. stha, 3«£. -dh&,If.sg.m.
Adv. sg. Pot. Par. Cans.
therefore butter and fire and not together should put a sage. (117)

Ind. -ja, N. sg. Ind. -tva, If. sg. Ind. -ya, If. sg. Ind. -ta, If. sg.
Not shame, not modesty, not regard, not fear,

urstarore Tjthr *<ft^ gnr^ faprc: II Uc l

Ttp. -Ta, If. sg. Ind. -ka, If. sg. n. -tva, L. sg. -na, N. sg. -ri, G. sg.
of asking- the want merely the only for the chastity cause of a woman. (118)

-tri, JV. sg. raksh, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ra, i. sg. -tri, Jv". sff. raksh, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -na, L. sg.
The father guards in infancy, the husband guards in youth,

^TfwT *r wH^r^rlf^ 11 11
-m,N.sg. Ind. -T&,L.sg.m. -v&,L.sg. Ind. If. sg. -y&,Ac.sg. mh,3sg.Pres.
Par.
the son and in old state of life; not woman independence deserves. (119)

Ind. tad, If. sg.f. -il,N.sg. Ttp. -ra, L. sg.m. -ks..Z.sg. tad, I. sg. m. Ttp. -T&, I. sg.
One day that Lilavati on a with gem-string- couch that merchant-son
lustre-variegated

■
Ind. Ttp. -pa, I. pi. Karm. -na, If. sg.f. (rt. as) tad, Ac. sg. m. Karm. -ta, Ac. sg. m.
with in confidence-talks pleasantly-seated that - unobserved-approached
K
 ( 66 )

qf?W3?rr^J ^^rTFTT^ griteTsrsi

• • •
-ti, Ac. sg. lok with ava, Ger. -has, I. sg. stha with ud, Ger. -sa, L. pi. krish with a,
Ger.
husband having perceived, suddenly having risen, by the hairs having drawn,

-dha, Ac. sg. n. lifig with a, Ger. chumb, N. sgf. tad, I. sg. m. -ra, I. sg. -ra, N. sg. Ind. ay with
Adv. Ptc.Perf.Par. pala.
ardently having embraced kissed. By that opportunity the lover aDd escaped.

vach, N. sg. ». Ind. -nas, N. sg. vid, 3 sg. yad, Ac. -ra, Ac. sg. yad, Ac. Ind. vid, 3 sg. Ttp. -ti, iV. sg.
past Ptc.Pass. Perf.Par. sg. n. sg. re. PerfJ'ar.
Said and, Usanas knows what science, what and knows Vrihaspati,

■ •
Karm. -va, I. sg. Ind. tad, N. sg. n. -ra, JV. sg. Ttp. -dhi, L. sg. Karm. -ta, JV. ».
by nature already that science in a woman's mind is well-implanted. (120)

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. lok with ava, Ger. Ttp. -tin, N. sg.f. -nl, N. sg. chint, 3 s^. Imp/. Par.
Of him-the embracing having seen near-being a procuress thought :

• • • • •
Ind. (kim, Ab. sg. ».) ldam, N. sg.f. etad, ^4c. sg. m. guh wi<7t upa, N. sg.f. Ind. Ind. tad, I. sg.f.
Ptc. Perf. Par.
' Without-a why this woman him embraced,' thus. Thereupon by that

-nl, I. sg. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. jiia with pari, Ger. tad, N. sg.f. -ti, N.sg. gup, I.sg.m. past PtcJPass.
procuress of it-the reason having discovered that Lilavati with a secret (fine)

dand, N. sg.f. Ind. asmad, bru, 1 sg. Ind. (kim, Ab. sg. ».) -van, If. sg.f. -dha, Ac. sg. m.
past PtcJ?ass. N. sg. Pres. Par.
punished. Therefore I say : without-a why the young woman the old man,

Bahuv. -di, Ac. sg. ». Ttp. -bha, I. sg. kim, I.sg.m. Ind. -na, I. sg. Ind. bhu, JV. «j7. ».
Ptc.PutJ'ass.
etc. Mouse-strength-support some the cause here must be.

• •
-na, Ac. sg. chint with vi, Ger. -ka, /. sg. vach, N. sg. w. -na, N. sg. Ind. Ind.
past Ptc.Pass.
A moment having reflected, by the mendicant said : The reason and here
 ( 67 )

Tip. -ya, N. sg. Ind. bhu, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.

wealth-abundance only will be ;

Ind. -vat, JV. )». -vat, JV. s0. jit. -ka, Z. sg. -va, JV. m. Ind. Ind.
For, The wealthy strong in the world every one, everywhere, at every time,

JRp WP«r f% TTW*i^M^H*(d II W II

-tva, X. sg. Bahuv.-\&,N.sg.n. Ind. -jan, G. pi. Ind. jan with upa, 3 sg. Pres. Aim.
the superiority on riches-founded for of kings also is produced. (121)

i»<£ -r&,Ac.sg. da with &, Ger. tad.I.sg.m. -i&,Ac.sg. khan, Gar. Karm. -is^N.sg.n.
Then a spade having taken, by him the hole having dug open, long-amassed

*rn ^ftff i fn=r: wf?r ftrotftiffr: wwr<sr?Tf%fK

aamad, G. sg. -na, JV, $f7. grab, JV. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Tip. -na, H. sg. m. Ttp. -ta, If.sg. m.
past Ptc. Pass. (rt. ha)
of me wealth was taken. Thence-forward of my-strength- of vijjour-energy-
forsaken, deprived,

Karm. -ra, Ac. sg. Ind. pad with ud, Xarm. -ma, Avyay. -d&, Ac. sg. n. Adv. srip wiift upa, N.sg.m.
Inf. Cans. N. sg. m. ' Ptc. Pres. Par.
my own-food even to procure unable with-fear slowly slowly creeping-on

-na, I. sg. lok with ava, N.sg.m. past Ptc.Pass. Ind. tad, I.sg.m. vach, N.sg.n.past Ptc. Pass.
by Chudakarna (I was) perceived. Then by him said :

-na, I. sg. -vat, N. sg. m. -ka, I. sg. -na, Ab. sg. bhu, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ta, If. sg. m.
With wealth strong in the world, through wealth one is wise,

tHIfT VTV ^jfH^WH *TfT II ^ II

dris,2s^. etad, Ac. -ka, Ac. -r&,Ac.sg.m. Ttp.-t&, Ac. sg. gam, Ac. sg. m. past
Imp. Par. sg. m. sg. Ptc. Pass.
Behold that mouse wretched of his own-species-to the level gone. (122)

Ind. -tha,/.s0. Ind. ha with vi, G. sg. m. past -aha, G. sg. Bahuv. -dhas, G. sg. m.
Ptc. Pass.
Moreover, By wealth but of a forsaken man, (as) of one with little-judgment,
K2
 ( 68 )

-ya, N. pi. -va, N. pi.f, nas with vi, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -ma, L. sg. Karm. -t, N. pi. Ind.
the actions all disappear, in summer little-rivers as. (123)

• • • •
-ra, N.sg. n. Ind. yad, G.sg.m. -tha, JV".^. tad, G. -ra, N. pi. yad, G.sg.m. -th&,N.pl. tad, (?. -vs., N.pi.
sg. m. sg. m.
Another and, Of whom wealth, of him friends, of whom wealth, of him relations,

• • •
yad, G.sg.m. -tha, N.pi. tari^. pums,^. -ka,,L.sg. yad, G. sg.m. -ths,,N.pi. tad.JV. Ind. -ta, N.
sg.m. sg. sg.m. ^ sg.m.
of whom wealth, he a man in the world, of whom wealth, he indeed wise.(124)

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. Brihuv. -ra, G. sg.m. -ha, N. sg. -ya, N.sg.n. Tip. -ta, G. sg. m. Ind.
Again and, Of a son-less the house empty, of one of a good-friend-destitute and,

-kha, G. sg. m. Ind. -a. N.pi. -ya, N.pi.f. Karm. -ya, N.sg.f. -t&,N.sg.
of a fool and the regions empty, all-empty poverty. (125)

-ra, N.sg.n. Ind. tad, N.pi. n. -y&,N.pi. Karm. -la, N.pi. n. tad,N.sg.n. Ind. -man, N.sg.
Another and, 'Those senses unimpaired, that same name,

tad, N.sg.f. -dhi, N.sg. Karm. -ta, N.sg.f. -n&,N.sg. tad, N.sg.n. Ind.
that intellect uninjured, language that same,

Tip. -man, I. sg. Tahwithvi,N.sg.m.pastPtc.Pass. -sh&,N.sg. taA,N.sg.m. Ind.

by the wealth-heat forsaken man that same

tri: ^wt ^#tf^r fwf%wmN 11 ^ 11

-ya, JV. sg. m. -na, I. sg. bhu., 3 sg. Pres Par. Ind. -tra N. sg. n. etad, N. sg. n.
another in a moment is;' thus strange this. (126)

• • • • • • •
This all having heard by me considered : Of me here staying improper now,

• • « •
what and to another of ih:se-affairs-communicaiion, that also improper.
 ( 69 )

For, Fortune-loss, of mind-distress, at home malpractices and,

^TH*T*T ^ ^fnTTT^ TT^TIC^ II II

the being cheated and, the being slighted and, the wise not should make public. (127)

Also and, Age, wealth, at home-trouble, design- love-medicine,

fTTrTrTTWT ^ *nr ttTuiTh ^?r: 11 v^e 11

penance-liberality-dishonour and, nine (things) to be concealed carefully. (128)

rm i ^^?rf%^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ xfr^r i

Thus and said, Very-averse (being) fortune, in vain the exertion and human,

of the wise poor, (different) from the forest other whence comfort? (129)

■
Again and, The wise dies rather, to misery not but he goes,

even to extinction goes, not fire goes to coldness. (130)

Moreover, Of a flower-cluster as, two conditions forsooth of the wise,

*5RTT ^ftf WT f^iflr^^^^T *R II II

• ■
of all at the head either he may stand, he may fade away or in a forest. (131)

•• • «
"What and here just through begging living, that exceedingly reprobated.

For, Better by one of wealth-deprived with the life satiated a fire,

^WT^rf^re: ww: njf^t sr: ii w 11

not an of civility-destitute miserly solicited person. (132)
 ( 70 )

• • •
From poverty to shame one goes, shame-laden of strength one is deprived,

strengthless one is oppressed, from oppression into despondency one falls,

fat**: ^^fd ^r^wr w&t vfKw*(%

«
the despondent to sorrow goes, the sorrow-stricken by reason is forsaken,

^ • • •
the reason-less to destruction goes, Oh, poverty of all-evils the foundation. (133)

• «
Moreover, Better silence to be observed, not and a word spoken, which untrue,

better impotence of men, not and with another's-wife-intercourse,

better life-abandonment, not and in calumnious-words delight,

fwftm *r ^ ^rw^mr*f^l II II
better alms-eating, not and another's-wealth-tasting-pleasure. (134)

Better an empty stable, not and by any means better a vicious-bull,

toT wt t gTrfMtaT i
better a wanton (as) wife, not but an ill-mannered noble-wife,

better dwelling in a wood, not but in an undiscrinrinating-rulerVtown,

better life-abandonment, not but of low persons society. (135)

• • • •
Also and, Servitude as respect totally, moonlight as darkness, old age as loveliness,
 ( 71 )

• • •
of Hart (and) -Hara- as sin, of virtues-a hundred even beggary takes away. (136)
legend

• • •
Thus having reflected, then why I with another's-cake myself nourish ?

hV: I fT^ft foffci *ra^ir I

Oh, the misery ! That even a second death-gate.

For, Buds gathering (superficial) wisdom, with money-purchased and love,

hY*r ^ w^ftf fNr: tot ft^n: 11 11

subsistence and on another-depending, three of men afflictions. (137)

The sick, the long-exiled, the another's-bread-eating, in another's-house-living,

Tsftwf7T 7T'W^ T^n:w *Y S^r fcsTTTT: II II

• • ■
what he lives, that death; what death, that of him the deliverance. (138)

• • • • • «
Thus having also, from again even wealth to acquire taking away I made,
considered desire

Thus and said, Through desire reason departs, desire produces covetousness,

^:wn-sfrf?r ^ *TT*r: 11 ^t- 11

by covetousness-tormented pain experiences hereafter here and a man. (139)

Then I slowly slowly creeping-on, by that Vinakarna with a split-bamboo-piece

beaten and, reflected :

The wealth-desirous indeed discontented, of unrestrained- mind, of unsubdued-senses ;

 ( 72 )

T^T^^m^ **TT# II \8° II

all verily misfortunes of him, whose content not mind. (140)

Thus and, All kinds of happiness of him, content of whom the mind ;

<4MM$4m<<3 T«T ^: II \8\ II

of him whose foot-is is not with leather-covered as it were the earth ? (141)
covered-with a shoe

Another and, Of the with the contentment- what happiness of the placid-minded,
nectar-satiated

^T^^^MlfadSH^ VT^fff II II
■ • • •• •
whence that of the wealth-desirous hither and thither running ? (142)

faN I ^rrVtfT ^fT ^ ^^R^fefT I

Moreover, By him read, heard by him, by him everything accomplished,

WITT: YtffT: IipTT ^TOTOWfM II \9\ II

by whom, hopes behind the back having.placed, hope-freedom depended upon. (143)

■
Also and, Not having served-a master's-door, not having perceived-separation-pain,

^^fcnnpr gnaTfq 11 \88 11

■
not having uttered-an unmanly-word, happy of any man the life. (144)

For, Not a yoj ana-hundred far for one stricken with covetousness,

• ■
of the contented for the to hand-come even treasure is not regard. (145)

■ •
Therefore here of (my) situation-suiting-action-discrimination better.
 ( 73 )

£t wf hs^vt far ^wrfVPrnT ^nrffr wr: i

What religion ?- for the living- What happiness ? health in the world of man.
compassion.

3t: %s: wgm: ftr *TTf%f3j tift'^: 11 \*A 1i

What love ? a noble-state of mind. What wisdom ? discrimination. (146)

rTSJT. ^ I qf^FTr fa *tffafq *T^TW ^TrW I

■
Thus and, Discrimination indeed wisdom, when approached misfortunes

^mR^^mIwT fw^: ^: ^ ^ 11 \8*> 11

of the without-discrimination-acting misfortunes will be at step at step. (147)

<3ii%3r i^rwrcr *rrwrir <3r^fTN i

• • •
One should one for a family's-sake, for a village's-sake a family one should
give up give up ;

srra* sTTq^ira ^Tmro ?fawf ari<TN 11 v*^ 11

a village for the country's-sake, for one's selfs-sake the earth one should give up. (148)
^PTT ^ I *iT*Pft faTT*IT* W^tTT I
Again and, Water either without-exertion, sweet food or with danger-attended,

fairer ^ nmUi frcg*§ *nr faffr: 11 \8£, 11

having deliberated indeed I see, that happiness where ease. (149)

• • •
Thus having considered I the lonely-wood approached.

For, Better a wood by tigers- (and) elephants- a tree-habitation on ripe-fruits-

haunted, (and)water-living,

^UTTfa TTSjT MR^M«l<!*^r * II Vi° II

grass for a bed, a garment-(of) bark, not of friends-in the of one of wealth-deprived-
midst the living. (150)

• • •
Afterwards, through my-fortune's-(i.e. good by this friend I with affection-continuity
works) rise (i.e. reward)

favoured. Now and by fortune- of you-the a paradise verily, by me found,

continuation company,
L
 ( 74 )

For, Of the world's-poison-tree two here delicious-fruits,

«M«ni*|tH«HtH<: ww. ^r: ^ 11 w II

the poem-nectar-flavour-tasting, association good-men with. (1513

Manthara said : Riches on the feet-the dust-resembling, mountain-rivers- youth,

fleetness-like

vital strength as a water-drop-trembling-unsteady, froth-like life ;

virtue who not practises base-minded, the heaven-bar-unbolting,

M^I-rlfM^dl 4<mf<'M: TNfTf^T II W II

afterwards repentance-seized, by old age- with the sorrow-fire is burnt. (152)
overpowered,

By you too much-accumulation made ; of it this the fault (i.e. cause) ; Listen :

^TTf^rTRt R-rCTlf f?TT*T T£3 f% I

Of accumulated riches giving away only indeed the preservation ;

fT^nfr4<4i^Mf afters T^twr 11 w 11

of the in a pond's-interior-standing a drain as of waters. (153)

Again and, When low low in the ground wealth has buried the miser,

7T^rrft^n* ^ TO W*WXiff: II \HM II

then to a mansion below to go fee has made himself a path beforehand. (154)

* ■
Again and, His own-happiness opposing who wealth-acquisition wishes,

for another's-sake a burthen-bearer as, of pain merely indeed a vessel. (155)

 ( 75 )

Another and, Through of liberality- (and) enjoyment-deprived richea rich if(weare),

¥'5fNMfa<s!M«l V^T ^ II II
through the in the earth-caverns-buried riches rich we. (156)

Again and, Through non-enjoyment common of amber the wealth with others,

^^faffT ^Wl" ^T^Y II \^ II

'of him this' thus the connection at the loss by pain is ascertained. (157)

Liberality by kind-words- knowledge without-conceit, with clemency- heroism,

accompanied, endowed

• «
wealth with liberality-connected, difficult-to be found these four-good things. (158)

Said and, To be made accumulation constantly, to be made not exceeding-

accumulation,
TTO 4H*J3frffY TX^Wl Tfil II II
behold, accumulation-practising that by a bow jackal slain. (159)

Those two say : How that ? Manthara relates : There was of Kalyana-kataka-

an inhabitant, Bhairava by name, a hunter. He and one day a deer pursuing

to the Vindhya-forest went. Afterwards by him the killed deer having taken up

going, of formidable-appearance a boar seen. By that hunter the deer upon the ground

• ■
having laid, the boar with an arrow hit. By the boar in turn as of clouds-a terrible-roar
l2
 ( 76 )

having made that hunter in the groin wounded being a cut-tree like

on the ground fell-down.

i WJifir fatf *rer ^gfr^fr Pit: i

For, Water, fire, poison, a weapon, hunger-illness, falling from a rock,

f%f*HT faf^HJT^ ^ft TrTWf^^m II \i° II

a cause (i.e. accident) ofsomekind having the corporeal being of life isdeprived. (160)
encountered

Then of them through the feet-trampling a serpent also killed. Now thereupon

Dirgharava by name, a jackal, roaming-about, food-seeking, those dead

• • • •
deer-hunter-serpent-boar saw, reflected and: Oh I to-day a great meal of me

fallen in the way. However,

Unthought-of troubles as just happen to men,

^§T*lft fim I^I^TfMt^I^ II II

• • •
blessings also thus, I think; fate in this plays the chief part. (161)

Then be it, Of these with the flesh a month-triad to me pleasantly will pass.

Month one the man goes, two months deer- (and) boar,

^f%T^f f& *n"f?r ^ wwt II \^ II

the serpent one day goes I to-day to be eaten the bow-string. (162)
 ( 77 )

Then in the first-desire of eating this unsweet to the bow-fastened sinew-string

I eat Thus having said, thus done being, being cut the sinew-string,

by the up-springing bow in the heart pierced, that Dirgharava to the dissolution
into the five elements

ttt: i Ki(t "^#tf*r ¥^f?t f*rarfadjif^" i

gone. Therefore I say : ' To be made accumulation constantly,' etc.

• • «
Thus and, What he gives, what he eats, that alone of a rich man the wealth ;

^ *Wft <k<(m t^Tfa ii \^ ii

others of the dead sport with the wife also, with the riches also. (163)

i «t5<if*i feftir«rr wr^rrf% i

Moreover, What thou givest to the distinguished, what and thou eatest day by day,

fTr fa-ri**^ <*^lfa T^f*S II II

that of thee the wealth I consider; the rest for somebody else thou preservest. (164)

• «
Let it go. What at present with excessive-description ?

• • •
For, Not the unattainable long after, the lost not wish to bewail,

in misfortunes even not are perplexed men of wise-intellect. (165)

Therefore, friend, always by thee full-of energy to be.

*jfr: i ^i^n^vflcyifM *r4ft

For, Books having read even they are fools,
 ( 78 )

who on the contrary an active man, he wise ;

a well-devised also medicine of the diseased

i tThjTT^w JirfrarfN ii ^4 11
not by the name-merely effects freedom-from disease. (166)

Again and, Not a very-small even of the of exertion-afraid

produces a wisdom-precept benefit indeed,

^ fir TOwrfvfr sft

of a blind man (what ?) on the palm-standing even

does make visible an object here a lamp? (167)

Then here, O friend, in each special condition tranquillity to be observed.

This also too-hard by thee not to be considered.

For, * A king, a noble wife, the wise, ministers likewise, clouds,

^totcT i ifam ^7tT: ^irr t^sTT ttT: h ^ 11

from (their) places-removed not shine, teeth, hairs, nails, men. (168)

t& few** *rf?WT^wi T qRw^ I 3rruw«H»MdN I

Thus perceiving a wise man his-place not should abandon,' a weak man's- this.
speech

For, (Their) country quitting go lions, brave-men, elephants ;

 ( 79 )

7T^w f*re*i *riffT ^rranr: ^nqw w»rr: ii \^ II

there even to death go crows, weak-men, deer. (169)

What of a brave man, of a wise, his own-country, what or a strange- likewise ?

country

*r %ar ?t5tc ^T^wnrrf^?t i

to what place he comes, that even does he make through his arms-majesty-
acquired.

What teeth-claws-tail- (having as) weapons, a lion wood enters,

• • •
in tbat verily with the slain-elephant's-blood the thirst he quenches of himself. (170)

Again and, A pool as frogs, a lake full as fishes,

(so) the exerting man approach by themselves all-fortunes. (171)

• • • •
Again and, Happiness fallen to one's one should trouble fallen to one's likewise,
share cherish share

^*=ifMR^?r?r ^:wTf% ^ wrft ^ II W II

wheel-like turn-round troubles and, joys and. (172)

Again and, To the exertion-endued, unprocrastinating,

of action-the rules-knowing, to vices not-attached,

to a hero, benefits-remembering, one of steady-friendship and,

^rwt: forr¥%7rr: 11 11
Lakshmi of her own accord goes for the sake of residing (with him). (173)
 ( 80 )
_

Especially and, Without even riches a hero touches of honour-elevation-a place,

«j sura: ^f^mt 3Tf?r sraw: i

endowed even with riches to of disgrace-a place goes the miser ;
_

the from the inborn-nature springing, for virtue-multitude-acquirement-fit

^f?r fir .m numxmw't sfa 11 v°8 11

splendour of a lion (what ?) a dog bearing-a gold-necklace even obtains? (174)

^*RTf%f^ f% *T^Y ^ fif IfTfwfr fiqi4*JM*Jlfa I

' Of riches thus truly pride to me ; why with departed- sorrow I approach ?
possessed,' wealth

*<(^Rd^^^rr: m<ft hhfu ^^rrwf 11 v®* 11

the in the hand-placed-ball-like (are) the sinkings- (and)risings of men. (175)

■
Again and, A cloud's-shadow, of wicked-the friendship, new-corn, women,

fiff^tSRT^tWfaJJTfir qfaTTf% VtfTf* ^ II V® 4 II

for some-time- (only) to be enjoyed, youth, riches and. (176)

For the sake of not too much one should that for by the Creator already provided ;
a-livelihood strive,

T^i^fM(dd «nfr tt^?t: 11 v«>*> 11

from the womb when comes forth a creature, of the mother stream the breasts. (177)

Also and, O friend, By whom white-made the geese, the parrots and green -made,
_
*r * 7T fi*rrcjf?r 11 v5^ »
the peacocks variegated by whom, He for thee a livelihood will provide. (178)

^qf ^ i H7Tt i?w fine i

Again and, Of the good the secret hear, 0 friend,
 ( 81 )

They produce in the acquisition trouble, they cause pain in failures,

jft^ft ^ ^Trfr ^w^T: toTto: ii v©£_ »

they infatuate and in success, how (are) riches happiness-conferring ? (179)

Another and, For religion's-sake of whom wealth-desire, better of him freedom

from-desire,

than wiping off for of mud far not-touching better. (180)

For, As truly prey in the air by birds, by beasts on earth

WW *f%% *HN frrT?T1N II II

is eaten, in water by crocodiles, thus everywhere the rich man. (181)

• • •
From a king, from water, from fire, from the robber, from their own- likewise,
people
»re*ro3fTt firsr waft: ururefTTfrre 11 11
• «
fear of the rich constantly, from death of the living as. (182)

Thus for, In life with troubles-abounding what possibly pain than this greater?

T^T^^^mV TTf% ^IW^T T f%w£?T II ^ II

desire-fulfilment because not is, because and the desire not ceases? (183)

^ *?T?t: a^w i
Another and, brother, hear:

Wealth at first not-easy-to obtained, obtained with difficulty it is preserved,

• • •
of the obtained-the loss like death, therefore of this not one should think. (184)
If
 ( 82 )

Covetousness and here having abandoned, who poor ? who a lord ?

of it if way given, servitude and at the head placed. (185)

Again and, What what just indeed one may desire, thence the desire starts,

obtained verily jn reality that object, from which the desire turns away. (186)

What with so much of my side of the question ? With me just together here

ZfTtWt «ffafft I
the time may be spent.

For, At-death-ending the affections, the anger at that-moment-vanishing,

the gifts and free from-self-interest are truly of the noble-minded. (187)

Thus having heard Laghupatanaka says: Happy art thou, O Manthara,

in every way of praiseworthy-virtue thou art.

For, The good only of the good constantly out of mlsfortune-to lift-able,

of elephants into a mire-plunged elephants only the burthen-bearers (rescuers). (188)

war: w t^r *rf% wwtf

To be praised that alone on earth of men,
 ( 83 ) _

he the greatest, a good man, he happy,

of whom the needy either, the refuge-taking or,

TTOTfWTT ftWT: Jf*tfffT II II

not broken-hoped with averted-faces go away. (189)

Then thua those according to their-desire-feeding- (and) sporting making contented

■ •
happily dwell. Now one-day Chitranga-named a deer by somebody frightened

• • • •
there having approached was met. Thence after approaching the deer having seen, danger

suspecting, Manthara the water entered, the mouse and to the hole went, the crow

also up-flying a tree ascended. Then by Laghupatanaka, very-far having looked,

• • • • •
'fear-cause not any approaches* thus was considered. Afterwards upon his word

• • • •
having arrived again all having met there just seated. By Manthara said : Hail !

deer, welcome ! According to your-wish, of water-etc. consisting-food may be enjoyed.

By here residing forest this with a lord-may be endowed. Chitraiiga says :

By a hunter-frightened I of you the protection approached. Tou with

X2
 ( 84 )

• • •
friendship I wish. Hiranyaka said : Friendship truly us with by you

without-trouble met.

For, One's own offspring, one formed by connection, likewise one in race-line- descended,

■
one rescued from dangers and, a friend to be known of four-kinds. (190)

Therefore here by you from your own-house-without a difference may be remained.

That having heard the deer, full of-joy being, according to his-desire-feeding

making, water drinking, in a water-near standing-tree's-shade settled. Then,

by Manthara said : Friend deer, in this lonely forest by whom frightened

sfa i ^r^Tf^fM ^iTvT: *^tfa i ^whs i ^if%

■ •
art thou ? Ever (do) hunters walk about ? By the deer said : There is

in the Kalinga-country Kukmangada by name a prince. He and by the world-

conquest-business-course having approached, on the Chandrabhag&-bank having

• • *
pitched-his camp resides. ' In the morning and he here having arrived

in the Karpura-lake-proximity will be,' thus of the hunters from the mouth a report
 ( 85 )

9 • • • •
is heard. Therefore here also in the morning residing (is) fear- cause having, thus

considering according to-the occasion -action may be undertaken. That having heard

the tortoise with-fear says : To another-water-reservoir I go. The crow-

• • • *
(and)-mouse also said : So be it. Then Hiranyaka smiling said:

Another-water- being reached, of Manthara welfare ; on the land of the going

reservoir

what help ?

For, Water of water-animals, a fort of the in the fort-residing,

^>Sfa: ^Tt^T^tTt TTW *T^7 *?t TO II V-A II

their own- place of beasts, etc., of kings a minister the chief strength. (191)

9
Friend Laghupatanaka, through this advice thus to be fared :

^ ft^l ^T: ^f%?r ^f^ii i

Himself having seen as of his wife pressed the bosom-bud,

3fW*3^ WT^:^ 3 ffa II *^ II

• ■
the merchant's-son became sad; thou thus just wilt be. (192)

They said : How that ? Hiranyaka relates : There is in the Kanyakubja-

country Virasena by name a king. By him in the Virapura-named town

 ( 86 )

Tungabala by name a prince governor appointed. He and of great-wealth,

young, one-day in his-town perambulating in full-blown youth L&vanyavati

by name a merchant's-son's-wife saw. Then to his-palace having gone by love-

disturbed-in mind on her account a female messenger he dispatched.

For, On the right-path so long he remains, master is a man so long only of the senses,

fTT^f%^T% f^T*iTfa ^ITT^r^W fTR^f I

» • •
shame so long he has, decency also he maintains so long only,—

by the eyebrows-bow-drawn back-(and) darted, to the ear-reaching, black-feathered those

as of fair-ones not into the heart the steadiness-stealing look-arrows fall. (193)

She also Lavanyavati him-seeing-the moment from by the Love-arrow-stroke-

broken-hearted of him-alone-thinking was.

fTOT i ^r*af wt^q *rnsrT Tnm§ ^fa^r^m i

Thus for said, Untruth, violence, fraud, envy and extreme-covetousness,

H^wsrr^i ^IwT iUr: ^rTwsiT: ii \\

want-of virtue, impurity, of women the faults from their-nature-springing. (194}

Now the messenger's-word having heard Lavanyavati said : I husband-devoted

 ( 87 )

how in this unrighteousness, husband-imposition, I engage ?

For, She a wife, who in the house clever ; she a wife who prolific,

IT^^T vT^m *T *T^*T *rf?rW II VL* II

she a wife whose husband-is her life, she a wife who husband-devoted. (195)

ft
'Not she ' a wife 1 thus to be called, with whose husband not is gratified,

75^ *TrTft 5TTflwf *fJST: *^7TT: II \M II

being gratified the husband of women, gratified all-divinities. (196)

• • • • • •
therefore whatever commands of me the life-lord, that only I without-examination

• • •
do. By the messenger said : Quite true this ? L&vanyavati said : Certainly,

• • • •
true this. Then by the messenger having gone that that all ofTuhgabala in the presence

fa^T I d^HI fj^TWT $TNft?TN I ^nftprrfta

reported. That having heard Tuiigabala said : ' By the husband, having led (her) near,

• • • •
she is to be surrendered/ how this possible? The procuress said: A stratagem be made.

Thus and said, By a stratagem truly what possible, not that possible by valour,

VIMT ^ffr T^t" l^fTT *^T^NT II \*-^> II

by a jackal slain an elephant, going on a swamp-way. (197)

The prince asks : How that ? She relates : There is in the Brahma-wood
 ( 88 )

Karpuratilaka byname an elephant. Him having seen .all the jackals thought:

• • • • •
If he by some stratagem dies, then of us through his-body of a month-tetrad

food will be. There by one old-jackal promised : By me through-intellect-

»
superiority of him the death to be accomplished : Thereupon that cheat

Karpuratilaka-near having gone with-of the eight-limbs-prostration having saluted

said : Sire, look-favour make. The elephant says : Who thou, whence

approached ? He said : A jackal I by all wood-inhabiting animals,

after having met, to your-presence despatched. Because without a king to remain

not proper, therefore here in the forest-sovereignty to be inaugurated you

with all-lord's-virtues-endowed selected.

■
For, Who by race-descent- (and) conduct very-pure, majestic,

WTfwr 'ft^ir^r: * ^T*¥t 11 11

just, behaviour-clever, he as a master is fit on earth. (198)

Another and see, A king first he should find, then a wife, then riches,
 ( 89 )

a king not-being in this world, whence a wife, whence riches ? (199)

Again and, Cloud-like of the living a support an earth-lord,

f^r^ sfa f% <tw^t sft^m i 75 *ct<?I" ii \00 II

failing also for a cloud it is lived, not but an earth-lord (failing). (200)

In the allotted-office-remaining generally through the rod-use

in the world on another-dependent this ; difficult-to be found one of good-character j

sramfa fairer m ^nfera ^f^T

a meagre also, defective or, sick or, poor or

*rffT*Tfa W^T^ T^ftWT^ffT II II

■ •
husband also a noble woman through the rod-fear approaches. (201)

• ■
Therefore that the lucky-moment not passes away, thus acting, with-haste

■ •
may be approached by your highness. Thus having spoken, rising (he) went. Then

that by the sovereignty-desire-attracted Karpuratilaka on the jackal's-way

running in a great-mire immersed. Then by that elephant said : Friend jackal,

what now to be done ? in a mire fallen I; I die ; turning back look !

By the jackal smiling said : Sire, of me tail-holding having made rise. Because
N
 ( 90 )

• • •
ofme-like in word by thee confidence placed, therefore may be suffered helpless pain.

Thus and said: If of the good-society-deprived thou wilt be, thou wilt be,

■
then into bad-men's-companies thou wilt fall, thou wilt fall. (202)

Then into the great-mire plunged the elephant by the jackals eaten. Therefore

I say : By a stratagem truly what possible, etc. Then by the procuress'-

advice that Charudatta-named merchant's-son that prince (his) attendant

made. Then he by him in all-confidence-affairs (was) employed. One day

by that prince bathed- (and) anointed gold-jewel-ornaments-bearing announced :

Wn?*l ^TtsffT I ?r^r

■ • •
To-day beginning for month one the Gauri-vow to be performed. Therefore hither

* •
every-night one noble virgin having led surrender (her). She by me

in the usual manner to be honoured. Then that Charudatta such a one

*rc^fftjrr*ffa Whifer i n^ws^i: *f^ff*ra

• • • •
quite-young Laving led near surrenders. Afterwards concealed being, 'what he

• • • •
does ? * thus espies. That and Tungabala that maiden not-touching even
 ( 91 )

_. •

from afar witk garments-ornaments-perfumes-sandal wood having honoured, a guardian

having given, sends away. Now by the merchant's-son, that having-seen, with increased-
confidence,

Ok
with by covetousness-attracted-mind, his-wife Lavanyavati having led near

(she was) surrendered. He and Tungabala that heart-beloved Lavanyavaii

fl^T^T ^^^piT*! f^ftf%7TT^:

having recognised, with-haste up-jumping, ardently embracing, with half-closed-eyes,

• • •
on a sofa her - with sported. That seeing the merchant's-son picture - like

perplexed-what to do to extreme sadness went. Therefore I say : Himself

* « • • «
having seen, etc. Thus by thee also will be fared. That friend's-word not

W%fH *T^T f&iTq ?t ^^TTir^r^^

regarding with great fear perplexed as it were that water-reservoir having left

Manthara went. They also Hiranyaka, etc. from affection, (something) unwished

apprehending Manthara follow. Then on the land going by some hunter,

whm ITTtt: i uro w *rft*iY-

the forest perambulating, Manthara caught. Haying caught him, having seized,

having lifted, to the bow having bound, walking about, through fatigue by hunger-
(and) thirst-troubled
N 2
 ( 92 )
v.

towards-his-house (he) went. Now the deer-crow-mouse to extreme grief

_

coming him followed. Then Hiranyaka laments:

Of one trouble not while to the end go I, to the shore as of the ocean,

then a second approached to me, in damages the evils are multiplied. (203)

By his inborn-nature but who a friend, by fortune only he is produced,

• • •
therefore one of unfeigned-friendship in misfortunes also not does one give up. (204)

Not in a mother, not in a wife, not in a brother, not and in one's own offspring,

confidence such of men, as in a friend by his inborn-nature-become (one). (205)

Thus repeatedly having thought (he cried out) : Oh, the hard-fate !

For, The by one's own-actions'-spreading-wrought

at other times-reverting-good- (and) evil,

(are) here already experienced by me at least those,

ami<Kiin* ^T?njf^ 11 11
like different-births, different conditions. (206)
 ( 93 ) J
' J
• • • «
Or, thus verily this, The body has destruction- happiness the place for misfortunes,
close to it,
wptoT: ^tttTttTT: ii ^°*> 11
meeting with-departure connected, everything born (is) frail. (207)

Again having reflected he says : From sorrow-enemies- (and) of affection (and)

danger-a protection confidence-a vessel,

by whom jewel this created, ' Mitra1 thus the syllable-couple ? (208)

Moreover : A friend, a pleasure-elixir of the eyes, a delight of the mind,

• • •
a vessel that in happiness- together might be with the friend, that hard- to find;
(and) trouble

And what other friends in success-time, with wealth-desire-filled,

^ ftpsiffT ^IW?T f5 %m f^TfTN II II

they everywhere meet (us) ; but the truth- of them (is) adversity. (209)
touch stone

• • •
Thus much having lamented Hiranyaka to Chitra\nga-(and) Laghup. says: So long as this

smft ^rr^ faring 7TT^^t *fr^fa?j

hunter from the forest not goes away, so long Manthara to rescue

an effort may be made. They both said : With-haste what to be done may be told.

Hiranyaka says : Chitr&nga to the water-near having gone dead-like himself

T^f$ 7TWT^R f%^T 'TfT f%*rfa fwf%w?5 I

• • •
may show, the crow and over him standing with the beak somewhat may peck.
 ( 94 )

Now by that hunter there, the tortoise having left, for the deer's-flesh-desirous,

with-haste will be gone. Then I ofManthara the tie shall cut; having approached

the hunter, by you to be fled. By Chitranga- (and) Laghupatanaka, quickly

I^T fTOT«jf%$ sf?T * 3IT¥: W: *?T^fa *ffaT

having gone, thus accomplished being, that hunter, tired, water having drunk,

• • • • •
under a tree seated in such a the deer saw. Then the knife having taken,
condition

with rejoicing-mind near to the deer proceeded. There meanwhile by Hiranyaka

having approached, of Manthara the tie cut. That tortoise with-haste

9
the water-reservoir entered. That deer near that hunter perceiving, rising,

St
escaped. Returning the hunter while the tree-foot he approaches, then the tortoise

• • • • •
not-seeing, reflected : Proper only this for me, not-circumspectly-acting.

For, He who certain (things) forsaking uncertain (things) attends to,

"*pTTf% fm Tc§i f% ii ii
the certain (things) of him perish, the uncertain is perished already. ("210)

Then he through-his own-action disappointed the camp entered. Manthara, etc.

 ( 95 )

■
all freed-from misfortune to their-place having gone happily remained.

to TT*nj^: wTT^pfi i ^fT^ff: ^f%^t *i i

Then by the princes with-joy said : All having heard pleased we.

Accomplished of us what (was) desired. VishnuSarman said : With so much of you

• • •
the desire fulfilled, further also this may be :

A friend acquire ye, 0, good-men ; with the nations Lakshmi may dwell ; -

Princes may protect the earth, constantly in their-duty standing;

■ •
it may remain for the mind-gratification of the virtuous Niti, a new-bride-like, of you;

*fiwn ^?rt ^rwg^T^^T^ifw: ii ii

. *>
prosperity may cause of the people the venerable, who has the moon's-half- (211)
for his crest-jewel.

ii tft fafrt^r frr^^rT^fr tT*? utunrowre: w*rr&: 11

Thus in the HitopadeSa, Friend-acquisition by name the first-story- finished.
collection

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