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    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. There are two main types of AMD - wet or exudative AMD and dry or atrophic AMD. Wet AMD is less common but more rapidly progressive, accounting for about 15% of cases. It is characterized by abnormal blood vessels growing underneath the retina and leaking blood and fluid that destroy the macular architecture over weeks or months, causing irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Symptoms of AMD include gradual loss of central vision, making tasks like reading, driving, or facial recognition difficult. While AMD cannot be prevented due to its association with

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    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. There are two main types of AMD - wet or exudative AMD and dry or atrophic AMD. Wet AMD is less common but more rapidly progressive, accounting for about 15% of cases. It is characterized by abnormal blood vessels growing underneath the retina and leaking blood and fluid that destroy the macular architecture over weeks or months, causing irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Symptoms of AMD include gradual loss of central vision, making tasks like reading, driving, or facial recognition difficult. While AMD cannot be prevented due to its association with

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    20 views1 page

    DMLV Introducere

    Uploaded by

    Agiu Bogdan
    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. There are two main types of AMD - wet or exudative AMD and dry or atrophic AMD. Wet AMD is less common but more rapidly progressive, accounting for about 15% of cases. It is characterized by abnormal blood vessels growing underneath the retina and leaking blood and fluid that destroy the macular architecture over weeks or months, causing irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Symptoms of AMD include gradual loss of central vision, making tasks like reading, driving, or facial recognition difficult. While AMD cannot be prevented due to its association with

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    of 1

    What is AMD?

     
    Age-related macular degeneration, the gradual degeneration of the macula, is the primary cause of sight loss in the western world in patients
    aged over fifty. More than 25 million people currently suffer from this illness in the world, with an additional 500,000 every year,
    approximately. There are many subtypes of AMD but basically two broad forms: wet or exudative and dry or atrophic.

    What are the effects of wet AMD? 


    The AMD is a degenerative eye disease that affects the area of the retina specialised in pinpointing details that helps us to read and make
    out people's faces (the macula). Exudative AMD, also known as wet or neovascular AMD, is the less common form of age-related macular
    degeneration (about 15 %) but tends to progress more rapidly. It requires immediate treatment to stop the central vision from being
    irreversibly destroyed within a short period of time (weeks or months).

    Characteristics of wet AMD 


    This illness produces haemorrhages and leaks within layers of the retina, principally in the central zone: the macula. These haemorrhages,
    caused by small, abnormal veins (choroidal neovessels) that invade the retina from the layer below it (the choroids), end up destroying the
    neural architecture of the macula and lead to loss of vision right in the centre of the visual field.

    Symptoms
    Those suffering from AMD gradually lose central vision, making it difficult to carry out tasks that require precision, such as driving, reading or
    writing. Sufferers cannot recognise a person's face but they can walk without stumbling and remain relatively independent.

    On the other hand, it may be difficult for them to estimate distances and heights, making going up or downstairs problematic.

    This illness usually begins in one eye although it ends up affecting both. For this reason, patients may not realise they have a problem with
    their sight unless, by chance, they cover up the healthy eye and start to see distorted lines with the affected eye (metamorphopsia).

    Can it be prevented? 
    As this illness is associated with age, AMD cannot be prevented. Greater incidence has been observed in smokers so that having a healthy
    diet, not smoking and undergoing regular eye tests as from fifty years of age should be the measures taken.

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