Simple Telescope

Requirements

1.2 Lenses

2.Plastic Tube or Paper Tube

3.Glue gun

4.Masking tape

Procedure :

1. Prepare all the needed materials.

2. Make sure that you test your lens on how far can it focus an image. So that you will know how long
and wide will your plastic tube is.

3. Get your first lens and place it inside (1 inch) in the first end of the plastic tube.

4. Make sure it is placed properly and tape it into position with your masking tape.

5. Once it is properly taped, use a glue gun to stick the lens to the first end.

6. Do the same with the second lens to the other end of your plastic or paper tube.
Solenoid

To observe the magnetic field lines around current carrying solenoid

Theory

1. A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire wrapped closely in the shape of a cylinder is
called a solenoid.

2. The pattern of the magnetic field lines around a current-carrying solenoid

3. The pattern of the field is similar to magnetic field around a bar magnet. One end of the solenoid
behaves as a magnetic north pole, while the other behaves as the south pole.

4. The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of parallel straight lines. This indicates that the
magnetic field is the same at all points inside the solenoid. That is, the field is uniform inside the
solenoid.

Materials Required:

A cardboard, a circular coil, a battery, a key and iron filings.

Procedure:

1. Take a cardboard with two holes in it.

2. Pass a circular coil having large number of turns through these holes such that half the coil is above it
and the remaining part is below the cardboard.

3. Connect the free ends of the coil to a battery, and a plug key in series.

4. Sprinkle iron filings on the cardboard and plug the key.

5. Tap the cardboard few times and observe the pattern of iron filings that is formed on cardboard.

Observations

1. You will observe that the field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of parallel straight lines.
2. When the current is reduced to 0, magnetic field intensity around the solenoid reduces to 0.

3. When we increase the amplitude of 'current' or the 'coil turn density', the magnetic field intensity
around the solenoid increases.

4. When we reverse the direction of current the polarity of the solenoid is also reversed.

Result:

Current in solenoid produces a stronger magnetic field inside the solenoid than outside. The field lines in
this region are parallel and closely spaced showing the field is highly uniform in strength and direction.

Field lines outside the solenoid are similar to that of a bar magnet, and it behaves in a similar way – as if
it had a north pole at one end and south pole at the other end. Strength of the field diminishes with
distance from the solenoid.