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?110GRA W.~EOBJECTIVE SERJES
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GUIDELINES
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
IN
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CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

July, 1996
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PROGRAM~IE OBJECTIVE SERiES .
PROBES/4311969·90

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CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

(1\linbtry ol' En~ironmenl & Furci.ts, Govt, of India)
PuriH•\h Rhaw:m, f.u,t A1j un Na gar,
Delhi - JI 0 032
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P11n11na Supcw•s'"" & Layout Sh A, N J1nl111I, end Sh Sut1~h Kurnar ENVIS Centre
Put>h~h~o By M.,mber ${,eretary Central Pcinut1on Conuol Board. Delhi; and
P11111.,d at Mis Shltrlna P11n:era and Sta~orltlrs 0L·ll11 • 1 1O 093, Pl1oM 22972GS, 2111597

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 FOREWORD

Cencrar Potlulion Ccr.!•l)I Bo.lid toast~ l'1C ane 'lllOl'I Ol Ille PfOlTIOle:"S OI Cnclist1ial
Esta1n1111he c.ounlr'i :)11 ltlc poU..tonprob~~ms Ol Ille Est.ales mt0og11 a S~r.'p(l$1um
lleld al Ja!pUr Raias:l'IJ·• ll!.ill"O Oece1T11JC1 2i 28 197~ lne ~y'TlpOsaum
r~:l<led a set 01 ;:<ITTOP=es'" oroor to ~eve lhO en"1.t:lr.rncn1.11 c;oo11ions. c:
"'exostong inOJStna i!Slale5 Jncl IOI pi;inning OI nc... W.OU!.111'11 esldli!S S<I ... 11'>1!"1
mal'ly .1 1t~s been made 10 cor.1101 p0ttulron c;Jus;.>d by 1nausrr ..1· c~r.nus
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fhe u•punence out ot 1nusu cuh1rt1p1s po11 1~t•d to ?ht? nc~~d !or d·J~OkJprnen1 a•
comp1e:iens"'~ (l<J•Ue~m.'5 IOf 1"".,., t5le manaaemcnt 1n lfldusinal \?51,lleS

111• rt'ponr.; an a11emp11r 1 ~1s <1 '"c Ion 1n1• P'•'~e'1t pub >eat1on I l1ope w. 1•1 '"'
Iha Ille need n 1e onpulR lrom Or C. Wern,H ,111d Mr H Kra!t Con&•11tnrito 1ro11 1
Federal Republl<' o t Gerrna11y 1n tha lormut.uoon or thl' guide •n<>s ,u11 gqlttlu ly
~knowle<Jgl!O

N. S TIWANA
CHA•RMAN
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 CENTRAL BOARD STUDY TEAM

T~ ~and 1 L"i>OI:'
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Coleae>n COlld:.on ano c.t!.l 5:-n D D Basu .-..

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 CONTENTS

10 lntrOCluCton ..--,

1,
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Tne Ob,oc1..e
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'2 lrdurJnal esta\cs - perspectrll'll -
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I 3 1r~.1stnat esia1cs s,r.i seiea.on nna 0103rns.11on ~

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20 Asscssmern 01 ponuti0n s:a:us 04 lndustrl.'.ll C:$131!l~ in lnd•a ' a.>
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:? 1 N.1ture ol Po utJOn 2 u
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22 Poltu1.on assessmen1-melhodllOgy 101 ~urvcv 3 u
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23 D11s1gn OI SU t11ey ~
:? 3 , Oues11011na11e survey ~
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232 Processing 01d~1 a and 1111riuv11I ~y~lom s en
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2J3 Wet ,,.,,enlO"Y s Cl..
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234 Comtxnell "a~1ewater - ¥'et $:110)'
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:.!.& Sold was•e a•
2 !. ""~
.s~'ll

•y assess-nc""
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JO •e nal 1f931 a!ICI M3'13g r;i
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as;iec:s r;i l)OIU!on con1101..n ·c<ZW.at Es::i:es 3
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31 Prnerc~n
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32 rC» ~ UD:it'~Xll
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33 ~rw se ll:lPl'O.l:l'l 3

34 Ccmb'.nCO a~ 18

35 Cno-·e ol l!!C"1"iab;y 18

3 51 Treatab: 1, 18

352 ~ra·l(,n anc 11'.;i nien.arco C0£1 18

353 Etflue!\I qua! •1 and mooe ot O.•Posal 20

35J nes ence 10 aosorb sttoc• 20

355 Resource recover,- 20

36 Soth·J w.1sto management 20

 3 '1 A.z ~icn ee- 20
l8 ~nta!:Dl' ti! I!• ~1"'0 I :.'!
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') 10 lt.131a~ 2•
4 0 (',ucJoolonci. IOI dl!Yel()O:-i;; nl OI ,,.,. lnc)..1tnal Es:ates 20:
41 ~II l'>
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• 2 S4o ...-. alualJOll c

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4 2 1 NIJ93llVC WleetoOn ~c:
• 22 ~rvc srfed()n !/)

4 3 tnlra~IUCluta meASU•t!$ tor""' onmentat poth.;!on control

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4 l I Sklrm.vat!J CIOl'i..'CtQI\ fll'~'tnel'll alld ~I .g
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.1 '3 2 1 was1cw~1er ocno1,11ton

4 3 ~ 3 W.t~1~.1111r 11e.11111on1
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.c 3 :i Solid .. Jste conecuon ano <b$po1.11

• J4 Ertl:$SIO!l conuo1 mea~res ana bull•'• zone
.a 1 5 Grl'Cn cec oo ••lopmon: ~
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5 O Orga!li.'alicn.J 11;:iet1 10 "'vonm ntal ~emen1 c
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 UST OF TABLES

I Table t I OcstnbutllXl ol •ndustnal estates

2 Table 2 1 Class.r:ca11on ot induStr1es ano thelf n<tlur.i 01 umu~m qua14y 1n 1"<1us1ria1 es1.;·~s ~
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3 Table 2 2 ProdUCl"NTSe oassaoc:atJOn of .ndu51rit:s 1n a l)1ltCdl industrial estal!! c
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J Tai)!;> 2 3 EHkJent llOwwise class1!1Cai.on of 1nausu1es 111 a typical 1r.duslr1al est:ire - .0
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Table 2 .i Wastcwaler volume and pr0Cluctw1s1: cl3ssll1ca110n of •ndustnt.>s 111 a lyp.c;11 (/)
5
Industrial estate - '>
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G Tabla 2 5 Assessment or sulphur d1ox1de 11rn1ssio11 lrom each category ot 1m.Justry lri Aqr11 8~
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7 Table 2.6 Characlens11cs ot was1ewmcr gcnoraled horn various opera11ons of -" 11:1x1llt.' n11:1 a Q_
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Toole 2 7

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8 Characler1s11cs of combined wasiewwor lrom an mdus1r1al area 10
9 Table 3 1 Resource recovery 1n lndus1ry 21
10 Tallie 4 1 Classrt1r.a11on cl industrial <!Sillies 27 .._..
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11 Table 4 2 S1t.i evaluaroon and su.iabll1ty matrix <!!> (.)
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I Fog 2 1 PolttllJOn as.s.essrnen:

LIST OF FIGURES

1n1onna1JOn collectJOn. cor•aton and reu·eval sySlllrn

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2 F"J 2 2 W~SleWaier ger.era:JOn from !ca!Jfe Ul14 cpera!JQl1S 9 (f)

3 Fl\} 2 :J WilStewater discharge from \WiJJflltlr l~~rna. A.re<! at De:tll 1·

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4 hg 3 I IOOJvooual lro?atn~·~ aporoacti UJ
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5 fig 3 2 CoUecto00. treatrri!OI and d<sposa1 lor siogle l.lrQe tneus11y 15

6 F19 33 Coll<.'CIJOn. treatment and 01Spos;i1 ot seg•eo;ited waste.va!ets 1rom o~anneo
industnal estaies 16

7 F•g 3 .1 ConectiOn trealmenr and disPOsal 01 segregated wastewa1ers lrom zonal

1ndustrral estates 17
8 Fig 3 ~ 1yp1ca1wastewater segregratlQn aoa treatment system In an indus1rtal estate 19
9 rig .is Solid waste management 1n 1nclus1r1a1es1a1e 22
10 Fig 3 7 Conceptual wasrewater irea1men1schemes tor varying wasteloads 23
1I rig 4 1 Relationship at upslream~ownsream ollects on environment 26
12 FoO 5 1 Environmental planning tlow df3gram 33
 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1 1 TABLE I : DISTRIBUTIOt: OF WOUSTRIAL
ESTATES
The Objectr.-e OI llltS rePo11 IS :o lrarTl(! gudC
ltnes for envwG.'Tl1enlal ptOte<:IJCiO IOt ne'N Ill
o.isi~ esiai~ and upgra&:an al PO:\>' <in Ni1111<: al S:a:e
eot~rolsystems lor eus1.ng WQr.>tr;.il eslatcs so
Union Ten ·on..--:;
as ID sa'e ancJ restDrn me quahlt or naturill
resources l•ke water, ~" :1nd L.no. and Ille Andhra Praaesn 103
qu:ihty ot Ide
Assnm 08
12 Industrial estates - per spectives
ChandiQarh 01
Promohon or l:idusm111 Est,1h.:~ was gwen .1
boost by tile Go11emme11t or 1001 1 10·.va1ds 11111 O.ulra .:> I.Sagar H.weh 02
end ol Ille hrst hve-year pl.111 PliroOd (1952-
1957) To organise 1ndus1na191 .w1 try $11"111 Daman& D•u '
•
enlerpreneu<s onlras11uctura1 ta.:11>11t '· '"~'" Delhi 07
provided to cum unplanned 01owtl1 ot small
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1ndus1nes 1n wban centres Jnti 10 1vo.u "'"cd Goa 06
land use Tne objL'Cllves 01 t n~ progrdmme 0
w.ire [a) to pro•·clc ,·.~U·pt.1noe\I .i::commoca Gu1a,a1 CL
lion ID smaQ indas!ncs at su :abl.: S>Jes "·Ith ., 0
H.1ryana <.
l llciLl~ot ...-a:er eJe;::nc;ty tra.~n 1Jalll-5
canleen, .·1a1Ch and waro .i!41 co~!llU!<in HJmacnal Pr a.::~ll ~
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lb) to bfing a llUlT'C>Cr OI unu U>ge'!'let ana c
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thereb'1 tacilda:e eSl~nl ot eommon (.)
S<'tVIC8!;errlres. tnC<OOUCIOn ol iro:Jerntechnol
ogy, collective purcnase OI ra"' ma:~~IS a'1CI Cf)
sale DI tin.shed QOOdS a1'ICI fOl1ll P.,1>'1t'lly 1nus
enabling the smasenterp<ene..fstoa-•J lOI ~·
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temat servces a1 ti><? dOO<-ste;> and eot.O'x' ii<! l.laOllya Pra:i:s.n w
ino IO SOfne e>-:tn: 1ne C.$30•·an:ag.;s res./.: ng 1.1an.1·asr.- ·a
trom !IV! smallness ol tne.r s.zcs an:i 1c to
ena!>!~ me e>\'f<P<t'neu<S to avail 011rie 9.00$
ano 5enlcese: eacnouier so as10 ma;...-i:11em
'·"'!llP.!1
c:omplemen1aiy ana in:er-<Sependertt 1

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W1lh 1nese •n4iahves. sogniraear: gro... 111 01 111
duslnal estates are •n !he ot11ng Accord•ng 10 t·••igafana I<
the 1nlDm1a110n ava•IJbh?, tile sioiew1se d•slrtbu
!Ion or •ndustroal ostall!S pr~senrea '" I able 1 1 011ssa ·~
rcvealS lhal the growth 01 1nt1us1•1al esrmc~ is POlldlcherry
more '" lhe States 01 Anohra Praaesn. 81fl;l1
Gu)Jral. Madhya Pradesh, Ra1as1nan U11ar P11n1.1b
• Pradesh and Maharasntra
na1as1h:m 5-l
1am.1 riaau 47
Tr4)Ura OS
UUar PrilOc!.ti er.
w es1 Be<lga 08
Toll! 867
Source Kothan s lncustua 0 '1C1Cry Ol lncS:a :!190
1.3 fntluS1rlel es1a1es • slle selocllon and
organlsauon
lrie ro1eo11110C.nrratGovernmen1 m·~ ei.:ab-
lis.ttmon1 and up kCOp ti 1ne1ustrlal 11s1a1cs In
India has been m;1 nfy lhJI ot laying Clown the
guidelines lor lhc S•a:e Govornm~nts, and
coorelmatoon. rev1ow and mon1:011ng ol the
induSUial CSIJICS dUVOloprT'.o(lnt programmes
The selec1o0n OI snes IOt iocahon or 11XJ<1Strial
eS111tos Clov<lloptt14!nl OI areas =trutton 01
lado<y lheds, and prov<S.on ol roq&l<S!!., onlra
SltUC1ul'lll laof~1es he wtttun lhe 111nsaction or
lhEl State Govcmme11t Conseq.sen11, organl
sa1onso1 S:a10 Govonvnent uncenak1ngs IJ<o
Slate h-.OUSl'••I Oe•t1lopment CorPOra: ons
ca MO 1n10 C• .slencc
l 110 preseni see-nano m Industrial esta'es
lerms OI Slflilil!)' Ml!VoCes IS lit!ty gnM
lnc P'OV"iSIOl1 ol wast~·er ce!leelJOn l!eal
me,. ancl Solid Wa•10 ~:iosa ~ r>e:ewon t
at>scn: E•en in s~()tl 01 ~e m.'l:ot c:r. won
2.0 ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL ESTATES
2.1 Nature ol pollu11on
lnlnr:l'a thCreareinduSlr.;ilesta:es ...tJoch h:>ust
~~$ Ol S3rtlll ">nO but W"Jh ii Vilfl3t.On "1
scale Of operation l~er C•ISll'OCe 01 n-
OJslrQl es.~ wM a wee •aria1on of~
Ines ..111t r(>Spect 10 P'Odlla ana atso scale ot
opc~ton are there The former 1ypo of indus·
mental cons1dera11ons usoc1a1td ""llh
.ndus:rial estate 111..e na:.iral resources, hJman
uses and q..iat~y ol life nro lo$l Sigh! ol by Ille
ptOmot"!rs As a rewlt. qualdy ol n11u101
1esource l:l<e a~ watet and land are degrade<!
Natural W3t!lf bOdiCS U$«1 lOf Oriri<ing Watef
supply llnCS IGhr:IOCS are under ~IQIS llVOal OI
IXll'Jlon wilhln lllC VCllldy OI irQisttiaJ est -
Tne h;;al1h ol reSidCnts in nearby area i;
nsll Socialchangcsbrooghlat>oul by1nc •1 -
eSlates ""ere nov&r a5Se551d in mo I 1 '1:
Ql.13!4y ol Ide II IS, &heretore, ~a
•ICOlp()rate ~1 impaCI assm .~
rrom lh~ b90>ming ol lhe pQnning 11ao c::
While selecting !fie SJH lot llS1Mlisht •
onduStnal es1a1es 1~ motNCt torce, lor 4
unplanned glCM1tl ol lllOuSI 11C$ In urnan ~
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and s:reamlm•ng 1110 land use pallern
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catl()n"hlcl11scentraltylinkoctbyl J~ <::
po11. convnunica1o0n. water and r "" .:;;
SUPP'Y In order 10 quicken lhe ClflvE ,,::>
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menl 01 n~w industrial units , ·~
10 servo as won.. pl.lee ror tho •·ro
plo;'eO and those who are res• ('.)
I tie !'103rtr)I von:ty Ol!he llSIBle! I ' 0-
cia~v Ill t1.ic1<1111a1e1 and rural are: ()
to promole inter·1ndu11ry 1ren11o:t• n _
'h1lhin 1tic smanu1111s1noroerto c (I)
age ousiness envll'Ollltl(lm abn "' J::;
in n:lu$11131 aaM!y This also a C
prevef"Cong lllleflerenoe ol tBddll om
i!Slablishlrg unu in a Single di
1na1 ~8Phcat O<SUnee t>: (/)
unitS are kepi .,..,,,,,..,,., and ln<.l
"'ldust:ial oo~- ,... -·- -.gihenett >
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fflll esutes Cloes no1 sutler lrom any amsua;n:
wth rospea 10~ion 111 ... a51e..-a1Jlf qu;!Ay.
onry U'le tiyoraulC IOaC lllCtuales w11e111as
industnalesiatesWC!lvillla1()n111~lilyOlwas·
lewater *!'lldl C0111111SCS colic waste bl..de
gradable w<n1e, petSISlent was:o po$8 IOChnO·
loQical as we• as admniStllll!VO problems In
PCllu:!On Btl31ement P<og·arnme The proOUct
sxci:um :nougi"ert"'~--:. canoe gr~"' on
me tiasIS ol sni.l.r t; ir "3l.lR o: rm~ attuflt!Q
P'OCess N11n un: co-:-1ait0Il P.·1 .a:ierrcic os
llli!k ore ma:le 10 '-'ass«,. tl>P. ir=str<es on
lablll 2 1 .naca•in;i QIJ3 •• c• :.aste A ctse
e11m11Utonoltt'..=.Tab~2- r~v'=~ts~i ~:;
Ind! CS'.l:es ain-r<os1ng ~·creM >Jno 01 Indus
1n1is gcncra:2 was1,;-s 01 cvno4:• rwuril ..1>en
Ill<' ellluen:s mu 1og-2:ncr Ha-. ever lhe 111ous
I: L'!. OI s"me kd'rj ·.·."1.l?ri M~:;cd: tn .1n 1nduslrt.al
2.3
~t illi! II~ v:.na:J.()-(1 ·.•,11h rs:-S'::~E 'J qu;i 1y 1$
rrun."11um [l,_-.• d..,5 'he hc::i..uu •.. ai::•cs tt t.''t! l"'C
r Jlt.·~ a soc1. .n'""'d w~:t-- solid w~i('"•o di POSJt
''' ·ru absence 01 p•o::er collec•1on and
C•~Po s.olid>'.1~;ear.:nos·1~ 'leJp.:lllll$ •e1
:.11j i"1,,1Jns1nu.:tus1r.a1 t.?-s:ai.::s Ille pr nc•na'
r'!"turcu ol .lll' OOlluliOn 1ri 1ncuStrtal ~·~1:lleS IS tho
IJ lcr ;,nd t1J,nacc Jn .sorr:t:. occas10f\S lllf
CJ( 1.,J11on 11r_:in\ ·n:1n~t ;1ctuur..;; proc:c~s also I 11., · •s
,,, "1nord~r1oat>atepoltu11onger• 1,11,.111ro111
,pefu'-1'1,ll · ·~tult•S 1115 lht:rt:IOf ... l~t!C:t.~··:iry IC•
l,:twt q~t'l 4':\11'.'P antl quan111at1•1t~ l ... t:1•SSll1Cf1'
ei1 pollu\•Otl .-is a lust siep .... 111ch c.an tit! uon1 oo
'"'t:u.1s 5' vt ~~c11:1i 1 1'1cally·sound 1n11~11to11L?S
P0Uu11on assessment - mett>odology tor
SurVC!~
At.• •r • c• ~ ~·~ :ia:a-o..1se o!lc'l ~anas
r p;J '"19 !!".,- "';;r11 COll'S~ ohlt:Ofl
ll;li-::V•''< :Al, ()I ru:tion IOt
,.,,..r.1",-.:a 'T'lf'll)i:T.w-· c IS r'('.-era•rvc IO
~ _ !>!~·:r,J0 11r C-41"" ~" .flll
, fo!:.i1.:ciot 1raustna es•a1es...
'"1: .J'03"1 Of IC~:Ul ;r.r;.::-earve W~!'l tne
.,,in
:I (111".lPS SJlCt,•,irr. ~,., :io1m mcoe OI o.s
oos 1c• '>Ct·:: :. a~~ surtcJ.,d•rig lalld use
p-m rndc
'l r t' r c.t n~us•t ~s 1n ::i~ nau:Slt•:J~esia1v
r-..~t'1:fnrJ 0C '"-!IOr
.i <'-cal ncl 1nd\J<lr-esbas1hJonna1ure
t ..,., Ct> 1s. a~ sca1.:. (;f c~erat.ons
A; II. O.lltJf" il'1-J r'lC<J.? OI d•sposal C.I 1n
1<1 1~1 ~llluer~SOI oc:n 111CJ1v10u<tl tnrluW1al
ur ,1 lnd '""r~.tiir1a1•on 01 ·.\tlc:.1a thCf1_t'QI,
3
Ty~ oltuel used 1n boicn1ncHumate and
r.ature ()I wf.lli$Sl)f' eme<g<ng OU! trom trP.m.
rlatureotsohd was:esooneraiedlromeaa>
ir,1ustna un.: and theu collect.on and
"-'!:OOsal system and
In ord(:' to ac~>'I! 1110 nbOVe ObJCC:ln;e. a
111C1ougn TT.es11g3l1000IP<OQtJmme,1hr0u9"
on tl>e-5P"l wrv~ neocs 10 oc on11iated
Design of survey
c
Des.goo: survet conSJSIS ol TWO steps. e g tilt' CJi
tJrt 1nvenlor•s.1110n mrough pl1ys1tat aoscnra ·;.
hon ane :.e: ln•Cntorisa11on lhrOU(lh heler '"°"' C
10..ng of pollu11on In c.1se 01 dty 111ver~ory the Q)
areas cov,;red .1re classll1ca11on and categon· -£5
sa11on ol 1noustry wM1 tL•spccl 10 proOud was· Q.
1ewa1er generation ltJUI consu111p11on e1c The U
dela1hng 01 sludy ur~.1 1ncludu lhe pl,ysicat :S:
1oca11on ol lhe 1rn;ius1r1,11 c~latu. thtl mode ol <:
d1sDOsal 01 was1ewa11:r, $Oltd wasiu gen~r at Ion, §
collecuon and disposal 1hu green bell develop .._..
ment In the surrouncMgs e1c al
Pnrn;•pally dr; inven1ory •S collOcllon. collation
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and re1nevat ot 1111orma1r0n 1t1e 111tormationU
rr.or~ otten 1han not are available ~~11 ltle S1a:e •
;>oC--1()n CQn1ro1 Boards In 1ho 1orm 01 cor.-;em ~
applleation These alOng'NUh questt0nna1Ce 'E
sur. ~, a:-d r-'Connaissance survey pro-."rdE tne
~e5say 1norma1on U
°'
r'"nne la~ plan ollhe ind;ISlr"hll es:ate .,...,,CfJ
SCill:Ce OI inlom.T.tOtl1$ lhe ptomo1:ng ag;;: r tor >
lnO!IStnaf ~ta'e Z
w
Tne need tor wet mver.tor; 1$ de•'fTICd to s:udy
tr.e var<a:1on U1 waSle IOa<J generatiOn. the
ch.aractcrosatton ol waSle, .ind IF!e proballle
1reatabdrly o11he waste 11Merc.l 111d1vtdoal lndus-
lry and ire: comb•nt'Cl wa~le lhe '"ilStl! load
may a!so be assesseo lrom Iha dty onventory IO
a great extenl Ha... ever lhe w1111nven1ory sup-
port .vrli ensure lhe reltablloly The 111forma110n
collectlOn conaron and felnev.11 lcr pollulon
assessmern is sno-.•·n In Figuru 2 1 II may be
observec that ine users or 1no 1nlorma1ion are
many Moreover, lrorn lnt:l SUIVtJy 01 several
1noustria1 estate 11\ere ts a po~s1b1!1ty to nave a
data bank ol wastewater geMra11on. att pollul-
 Nature ot _.
v<:c:21 O.ganic
CLASSlflCATION OF INDUSTRIES 41i0 THEIR NATURE

fOOG .S f'~\~!ICS Papor&

or EFI lULNT QUALITY IN INDUSTRIAl. ESTATES
Lk>wop1A1ino Sooll) Jnd Agro·baticd ro.1110 -
lndustne$ lndu,rflol f ""' p•oc•s.•111~ f. Potymer Poper ond Pici<llng Uo\argonl and Uva Stock
Ru tic er p,O<Juc:t lr1t"01,nc
Ch•rmc:alt
' llo•IC O!!lan<; 'rood Pro· ' I 111tShed • liandrnOd• • Aod' • Soilp • ,\~ro·bad<HI ro11 'o
M~nuloclurl1111 ,,,ng
r .. PtO<luci lor p.1por • l. lo>rttopl'1h"ll lormu a:tion c+ia micaI1
lndullry unil holiSe hold ;·-~

CCII s.umJ31;0n .£
• O,o & Oyv &111-'I •Cold dr.,i.. • Papo1 trom • Nlong " l);;fO!Qi!'<U
lllrmull>'.JOI\
• T;anoeres .2
c
boating ¥113Stit
• p~ 'Cld•t • W:>ot1>11 (/)
(lo1muli>te>~) r>roduc: ·:;;:
c
<!)
• f 'M1lffll1U:out1~"al 11 • f IU1I ·wu~ • Uuurd
.0
1tarmul1111on ') ptOC•t!•lng (.)
(ll!uonl a.
(.)
c~arac:ensb&.:t •Pant•
;i
~
loqud wa~:o

..
~

co
;.. • B:o1e:grad;it>M •• • (.)
.. PVrstS!ent •• • (0yb•"!I a..
(.)
CfQ3"C Un( a'lathod J
• Toxic 'Na.-.111 t (Ag10 ·bJS<>d ....
<!)
.....
tlrgan1(; t11om1e<il) c
• lrtcrgan1L
(l!'<'.31)
.. ,. • (chtorr1urn
., an o1
<J)
(.)
(/)
d 'artr£f1 .., ,
>
z
• tc!ids • • • w
• D."SSOlvP<J \Q +d!t • •
--
Sol a \~a!Ju r>1asi.c R.,JJse Sc••p Ol mu1.1 '14ltlJ~., Fl~luse•
G~nerabott &<;rap& PllP<I< lie pl0du:1 DI so~p
rvfu'SO

AH p0t:.·.1lo11 i j(.)uT.J !ti (;1 O f Wil'J1hYtl

rrn s.s-on f; "'"'""'""
S01
~ 01 P<""~tt!tl ' ttfftmil\iOn Cl

N~ n:;.igc..!0111 • l'l"Qdvr•1• ' • I llW'°'

 ants and solo was1es Jor a wide range of ptod·
ucts wtliCh will he~ to Dian pollulion COOi'°'
progtamme in advance IOl a """' •nc!.lstnal
estate
2.3.1 Ouas11onnalre survey
'NMe devetopong a QeestJQOna•re I! IS lo be
bOrne 10 mind lhal 11 IS simple to unoerstand
easy to hand:e and very br«!! ·o repon Too
lengthy aquestt0nnaire<:ften yi:las no ,,~rise
from1heconcer11edo<y.lniSaltCn Personal v•Sds
lmpcov.se tile ques1ionna11e surve1 to ;:i g1ea1
extent A typicafquestt0nna!fe is presente<J in
Apperd1x A for convenience and gulClancu
2.3.2 Processing of data and re1rteval system
Processing ol lhe data lo 1he desired level IS
very rnuch dependent on da1a collect1on Proce·
sslng 01the data Indeed is linked witti whal is to
be retrieved. Retrieval in lhe same way Is asso·
cla1od w1111 question 10 be asked. which may
oflen be on classilicalion and ca1egortsallon ol
data will\ respect 10 product (Table 2 21 waste·
waler llow (Table 2.3) or a comb1na11on ol the
1wo (Table 2 4) . The data stiown 1n Table 2 2
thro'\Jgf'I 2 4 are from Ille various surveys con
ducted by the Central Pollution Cont10I Board
Wastewa1er IOad may be ascertained lrom lhe
dry mventory The assessment ot sutpnur
dt01te1e emtSS>On frorndrllerent types of ondus·
1ry can be cone on the oasis of diy inventory All
example tS oled a1 Tan!e 2.5
2.3.3 Wet lnven1ory
Pollutt0n load canoe assessed trom dry .rtoen-
TABlE 2 2 PROOUClWISE CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES IN A TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
SNo Type o! ndt.lstry
Tex1de 1nousuy inclJdong Oyeing. fin•stvno. drycieanmg
2 Chemical 1ndustr11nct.Jd1ng ten1bzer and pesticides
3 EllQlneenng 1nduslry tOCltJ<Mg ptHlllng, Clectroplal1ng elc
t.llscellaneous Industry 1nc;lud1n9 soap. food prodtlC1s, rubber, plasttc
ando11
To1al
Source lndustnal Su rvey-Union Territo1y ol Dellli, Cenrrat Pollution Conirol Board Publ1cat1on,CUPS/3/
1978·79
5
tory Hcwe-ier, to ensure reliabiltly ol dala and
aiso ID study lhe vanahon. v.et UlVell\ory be·
comes ·~alr;e
In most ol me smal scale Ul'll&S the maoutactur-
1119 process ""'°'"·e balCh operaloons leading 10
oa1ct1 d;Sellarges Tile wastewater volUme is
co~teo by rec:onfing Ille time tdf which each
operallOn is cameo out and tne waste volume
serera1ed (bas.;;o on reactor volume) on eadl
occasion Ba~ed on Jhese volumes. a mass flow
diagram is ~nerated The •nstantaneoos llow ,-.,
rates are calculated from lhe slope of the mass .!:
d.agramcurvesalevery hattanhournuervaJ An 0
1llustratNe example oi lhe above procedure is 'c
given In Appendix B ui
In order to arrive at wastewater generation, and '>
charactensarlon ol waste lf'Om an lndustnal unit, §3
It 1s essential 10 have wa&1ewa1er generallon ..a
lrom each unit operation and characrerisation U
thereol An example lor texllle lnduslry Is Illus· R-
trated lor belier undersmndln9 the main opera· ~'-!
lions which contnbute 1ogcnora1lonol wasrewa·
1er are mercerizing, k1e11ng, dying and washing
Fig 2.2 snows schUma1icaUy the sequence ot :::>
.........
lhese operations 1n a teitule lndusiry A typical OJ
example of wastewa1er cnarac1e11salion of tex-
hle units wlll'I respec1 10 different urul operations ~
and Imai disci1arge point •S s~cwn 1n Table 2.6. , ,
S1milal'ly an anempt may be made for various '-J
lypesohndusmes to have well establ•shed lloN Q)
rates Comomahon ol wastewatertrom<1d1eren1 ,l:;:i
u111ts teadrng to corrbined waste IS 1he summa- C
:ionol c=rge IOaOscl' alcalegonesor 1rdus· Q)
1nes An example ot suci1 an anemp1csstio-.'n1n U
Fig 2 3 ~' ~h respect 10 an W"dustrial esta1e (J)
>
ffi
No or
induSllies
23
4
13
26
66
 ~

SOURCE OF IN"ORMATION 1"'r.OflMATOJ INFORMATION .£

INFORMATIO~J C," LECTION PROCESSlllG US£RS (.)
-~
SY'.JTEM SYS TlM rt;
·'~ ·;;;:
~ c
OJ
.c
{)
a..
u
~
:s::
.!,
0)
0
a.
~DAIA 0
Doi.TA 8AN~

L.:s~n_ .__
PROCtSSll'G

-~

Ir
_J c
<I>
CONSfNl C0'1SrNI ()
Af'~llC AllO N co11omoN (/)
FORMS
CU:\ f IO >INAIRI >
z
lEGISlAIJV( ACTIP• ~ w

~-' HlDUS?Al(S Cf f
L.!"OUS tll!t.L [Sl Al[__j

FIGURE 2.1 : POLLU JION ASSESSMENT. INrOR MATION COi LrCTION, COLLATION AN O nl IRIL'VAL SYSTI M
TABLE 2.3 : EFFLUENT FLOW·WlSE CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES IN A TYPICALINDUSmlAL
ESTATE

S.No. Elfluent flow Number Of

range , KLO industries

1. 25 and less 26
2 25 and 50 11
3. 50 and 100 12
~.

4: 100 and 200 7 c

5. 200 and 400 1 .0
c:
6. 400 and 800 2 CJ)

7. More 111an 800

">
1 c:
(])
8. Flow ligures not available 6 .0
(.)
Source : lndusirfal Survey- Union Territory of Delhi: Central Pollution Control Board Publicalion,CUPS/3/ C)_
1978-79 v

TABLE 2.4 : WASTEWATER VOLUME AND PRODUCTWISE CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSffilES IN A

TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
CJ
Elfluent Discharge (.)
S.No. Type Of Figures.
CL
Less 25 to More than (.)
Industry not avaUable lhan 25 KLD 50 KLD 50 KLO
-
1. Textile Industry including
dyeing, finishing and
drycleaning 2 6 2 13
-
~
c:
0
0
(/)
2. Chemical Industry Including
fertilizer and pesticides 0 0 1 3 >
z
3. Engineering industry including w
printing, electroplating etc. 0 5 6 1

4. Miscellaneous industry, including

soap, food, papers, rubber etc. 4 15 2 5

source : Industrial Survey-Union Territory of Deihl: Central Pollullon Con1rol Board Publication,CUPS/3/
1978·79

7
TABLE 25 ASSESSMENT OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE EMISSION FROM EACH CATEGORY OF
INDUSTRY IN AGRA
----------
lndUstry
Tota• fuel
-- ----
Sui;>'lur Emssionol _Slf~r-coerde _ Percent contrillt.i1on
category use1;1 1onne content. sulphur horn tonne tonnll ol so, by oacli
per month kg luel, lonne per per day category ol Industry
per tonne per month' mo111h
of fu,;I
- - -- - - - -
68 48
- -- ----
Foundry 8598 5 34 24 2. 28 62 74 ,,-.
c
Ferro-a .ioy 1 'Ci5 5 350 11 00 0 37 10 14

Rubber 254 7 1 80 J 60 012 3 l'9 ·-c:

()

IJ'!
Urre processino 785 02 0 16 032 GO• 0 .,~
~·
·s
c
Englneenng 359 i 2.5 1 5 03 0 17 4 .66 <D
.0
(.)
Chemicals 1012 '• 7 tl8 14 16 0 47 1288 a.
u
6nck Refraetory 7 3 35 6.72 ?i () 22 6 02

Total 12 593 109 31 10000- ~

- - - - - - - - - --
·excluouig the amount at>sort:led 1n ll're process co
u
a..
TASLE 26 CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTERWATER GENERATED FROM VARIOUS OPERATIONS 0
OF A TEXTILE MILL -
- - - - - - ----- -- ~
Volume
m oay
1
pH A!;.aLl'l>!)
A::.:l1ly. m;,
SS
IT>C)
coo
mg.:
c<D
- - - --- -- --- u
M1m;e11s1nl) .: 09 6 25 9(!-1 I 1 5526 21 100 no.1294 806-1025 (()

Koer.ng .! 1:5 l 12 2~814 6-4 9041 >

z
Pl;;inwnsh
lon1ua1·• .nal) I !;2·6 21 9 9 10 2 74-1 1052 875-1058
w
1 5•:J·2 40 • 8·22 5152· S·ltlS 78 286 238 a1e
0506 6 : 7: 13-l 246 1-17·6:!6

25 e:: -. ' ~ .118 21 159

Comoos•te
sample ·o 57 ~i 25 11 3 jJ22·6875 1.13~

8
...lo~~~TT~R2!1!:N~__,., I H H )H' H H
2 s 6 • PR~
I
:
I
I
I
I
I
I
l I
I
L _ _ _ _ .J.. __ __J_ _ _ l_ _ _ _ j_ ____.._ __ _..WASTEWATER

~,

SVNfHETIC
c
7 • PRODUCT
YARN .0
I c:
I CJ)
L ----WASTEWATER '>
c:
THREAD BALL Mill (])
.0
(.)
C)_
v
..i.C.l.llO!aH!l.--JI a
I
H H H 'I H H I I
2

I i
l 5

I
7 ~ PRODUCT
L____ L___ J___ J ____l____ J ____ WASTEWA1ER
CJ
(.)
KNITTING Mill Q..
(.)
-
COT ION
VARN 1 ) -
~
c:
0
0
I I I I : I
L ___ _J _ _ _ _ ...1WASrEWAT6R---1---~----- (/)
' I
I >
z
PRODUC T 6 10
w
SEWING TI-READ MERCERISING MILL
I MERCERIZING 2. KIERING
3. INITIAL//ICID WASH 4. BLEPCHING
5 FINAL WASH 6. ULTRAMARINE/ TINOPAL
7. DYEING/ WASHING B CLOTH BATH
9. SODA WASH 10. H202 WASH

FIGURE 2.2: WASTEWATER GENERATION FROM TEXTILE MILL OPERATIONS

9
 TM above daS$llC11lion can be tur:hef Cll\'ioed
11110 Stib-claS$eS on the ba$1SOI P'>1'SCH:llemt-
Ch.1ral:teusaton ot combined ... astcwa•er trom ca1 propcn1os Ouan111at1ve hgures can be
an 1ncllstna1 est.?lt! is very 1111pom1ni. as c not obta•ned trom dry trwentory O\lan1t1auve
only urpa-:s impac: to too re<:eivll'IQ waler bXt1 ligw ~. alld nlilurc o1 SOliO wastes can be
tlUI al.;o CIC!alCS aooUI :ne ptObable OIY..ign Of COll'tH led 10 lorm a lllalrt• In ~ 10 thiS
e11~ treatmcri plant and o-.-era;t p:an on mair-.. r- 'i:alt . • ,,. .•,. vaile elC will
... atcr polou11on control manag.,ment 1n the lead 10 rr·.a.13gN1wr11 "·, uc< rt lated to collec·
1nau~t11a1 estate lion and disposal p robloms I lOwover chem•·
cal characlorlsatlon ol the solid was1es ,Is.....
111~ 111urelore nocessary 10 havu tiow dJl.J w1t11
var~1110 deg•~ 01 •octu.1t()n 1hO1 "".l 11 • >I ~
req1.ured ror a Ctl'""'°" d•·.posal system. QC
~ .vas;.~.-.a!cr - ·-earn IS s,t...,.iw. •• t -v .course. Ory inventory """"' c;in render
proo1.-m near to a M>k.:.on
'r•it>-
2 3 From :ne lq.;re J IS ObSef\ ed l:ial tne c
C."!I Alar,)e '" lhoil drain 00 nol ~.. tile ..de TASlE 2 "; CHARAC TERISTICS OF COMBINEt)
van.lloons '" tie" <ates no:l!l:I IOI indi•dual WASTEWATER FROM AN INDU9>
11•:'l.ist11es The !at..:is 01 miwmum to average TRIAL AREA C
and mrumum :o a-.erage ticM rates are t 26 - - -G)
ano Oet r.,;sr>ectr..,:y The aver ne 11o-. ....;is C'1aracted cs ~

MU~::·i~
9 60 CltlC mekr p,;r day
mcnaraett!r"'i'""'OC ~e-...-a:!!r rstot>t&een
11\at ,,. rar- ·~·
analys <I - c;-,,......- 1"" ....
4611-52.
~UIJ•Jrn:ll;int OI the tl'IOruugn!y trl1>Ud Wol .!~
w;11111 I l11s ts required to 1ac1htJtu 111e dOS!Qn ot
t>lllU1•11t treatment plant II the Sl•lli•llij lo IU OI
was;, ... .ittr •s hl9h th.. o..r ot U.:.irn ..mt wt' b...
Alkalinily
Conouct1v11y (umnotc:m)
230 3-381 .
200G-23Q!IJ
-
Vt.cr.uprmar; ;.-eai;n,,;1: may~ta tomcc1
~111ucnl r.tana.lrd The rew!IS OI ana y\15 OI the
Susp.?nded SOiids
~
l"'-024 tl:IUlllO'I\ ba5<'dcompo$CCUll1PloSBre coo 3'18-~
~"n .n Table 2 7 Thi) supcrnantJnt ot rho
was1ewa1e1 compos~e samplesatrer altowino•I
1oscn1e~roneh0ur1Sa1SO
tilt)!;! • tS t.~ !!lat Ille *11Sle
nave a:
aru.)sco
a hgf1 COi iC>!. ci ion Ol OtOJnC
From·~
ooes no:
ma" er a5
BOD
Oil & G:easa
c.-:
33-4~
~·
-"-"C
12-20
-
.....
(I)

ina!Ul!eo ~ U>e COO ~ The I~ high ms 1asJ z·:m

COD IO BOO ralio rnay Ile due~ Ille presence
ot hl(l'I t•ea•y m.:1als con(;en11~11on 111 lhe wa~ Fil 45 2 50)>
lcw.11 er con·pared 10 row biod1~9111d,1lJle org:in•c
m,lltc r He~ fh<s wast< "ater net!ds phy~;co
Cr
Pb
4"-0m
00)-0()5
chcmical 1'catment

24 Solid was1e assessment 1.n 15-17

Cu 1 1-1-2
2 ·l 1 Solid wRSle Charac1~r1&al1ol'llSOllt:1 waste 1n
•nctu• Ir 1l es1.11es can be cr.1ss1fieo or110 IOllO "'"Q 9 8-12.9
Ult?90fll!S
Concen!lillicns oilt m mo 1e·~: !Of~-1 a"X!
Tnose gt;ll'?!a!CO <lJnng el!Uenl l1Ca1 Cooauatvct
mes1
Sour-...e Cnara;:ier1S3tcnOI Wasie-...-aier lrom Wa:ir.u:
• Tt>ose gei;~ed as~ap l!Wena;s ~str'31 Arca Conlrat Pollution r.omrOl Boarti
• 11 Thos.: generated ns ptodll<'.t 1e1!lt1 Publication. PROBESl3Sl1981J.87

10
 a ave. ~ IOSl1sec
I
ISO- ~=1·2&
e ~,

c
\, .0
c:
CJ)
120 '>
t ---- AVfRAGE
c:
(])
.0
(.)
C)_

I ()

~
90

~ .........
"'.... CJ
• ()
UJ
I.:> ' Q..
0: ()
<
,_,:r: -
"'Ci
JO
-
0
~
c
(l)

CJ)

>
z
,... w
' ..... 2P"4 IOP"4 'AM 2PM ll!PM
TIME c:>

FIGURE 2.3 • WASTEWATER DISCHARGE FROM WAZJRPUR INDUSTRIAL AREA AT DELHI

11
2.5 Air quality assessment
2.5 1 Umke ~tie w<l$lewaler and sol.O wastes. lhe
comb!N!d ette<:I c;.1 ai< potut1on carviol be
SS$~ HOW0vtH t::.ra.ua:1on Ottilie impact OI
iJ'K po.<Jtoon Imm an•r>ouS:rial e5lale can be
maoe wnh 1ne aid of muUiplg stack mooe:ting
Wet S1udy .n this regard is to be done mlh the
TECHNICAL, LEGAL AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS OF POLLUTION,._,
CONTROL IN INDUSTRIAL ESTATES
31 Present approach •
Thu .,,..._iem ~··In r~ to I.quid allloenl may
oe approached tor solut10n on Ill!'! following
manner
class1ilca11on ot 1ndus1 nes based on com·
pa1ib1llty ol lheir waslewatcr,
as~essment ol vol!Jme andqvahtycharac·
1er s11cs of th11 was1ewate1s lrom individ-
0 leti w11h the respons1bdlly ol nf?U1ra1ising their S;
ua. •nduslnes
ass'=ssment ot tl!O mted o11•ea100 Naste-
waters on any ol the ava~able reop;ent
tlOO••S
~election ol 1M appmpnate disposal s~e
w11t1 rn1mmum 1mpairmen1 ol !he same
and
eslabhshmenl ol the charac1cr1stics ol
P'elrea1ed was1e.... a1ers and l1nal etllui!nt
lrom the common ell:uent treatment
faoily
With the data availao:e 1he approacn 10 enuent
1rea1m11nt tao •·as ha'e Ille fo110w1ng a11ema ·
ti11es
lnd.vidual approach ,
sectorw1se approach
combined approacn w1;h P«ltrea1ment
ano
coml)JleC appioaell ,. •lhout pre1rea1men1
3.2 lndtvlduat approach
This anamattve is most suited whore only a lew
help of continuous monl!oring of air quaJily dara
1n associatiOn wl!h meteocological data. Stack
monitoring is required f0t companson between
th.: assessed cata and :Ile ObseNed dala TlllS
modi!lling el!on w.m help to control em<ss.on by
op:imising Ille stack l>i?ight w•ln respect lo llldo-
vidual case. and destgn green t>eU as a com-
bined eflon.
C::
(.)
induslnes in the estate wanani etlluenl lreaJ- · i:::
mer11 11 nas Ill'! me,. tllaJ the po11utar11s are if,
::;~::1:;:,:~::,~~u17:a;:·~
ves1men11oop<:ratt0n The only issue lelt to the Q)
•comb1n&t ettort" is 1hed1sposalot treated elflu· ..o
enl. 1f necessary, lhrough a polishing pond U
depending upon rho demand of the receiving
stream Remaining small-scale industries are •
8-
elttuents before dlSCl'lalge 10 protea Ille sewers 5;
ag;iinsl CXlfTOSll)ll A sche.-ne for 11"..s allematlVe ~
1SShOwnlllF9 3.1 .._..
While studying to e~piore the possibi1J1ies olcn
liquid etttven1 treatment at Gujarat lndustrlal()O..
Development Corporation (GIDC) al Vapi, ft ls
observed (CPCB. 1979-80) that 11 major uni1sO
1n lhe esrate have to provltle their own primary a)
trea1men1 plants comprising equahsalion fol- ~
IOwed byremovalolotlsand grease, nevtral153·
tion and S1ld1mentall0n irl the t1rst stage. If Q)
c
watTanted. secondary treallnl!nl may be P*()
vided by these 1ndi;.•.klal ull<ls Remaining 114
units have 10 neutraf1Se their effluents to prolea(f.)
the sewer The responsibilrty ot the GtOC is lett>
wuh is to provide proper collection system torz
1rea1ed elfluent and terminal trealmenl beforew
disposal lo the es1uary.
3.3 Sectorwlse approach
The ""astewaJelS from any unit may be alkaline
oroanic acidic, toxic. orgnic toxic. acidic inor·
ganic and so on. Segregation ot these various
categories ol wastewaters Is desirable for
ac:compllshingeffectivetreatmen1andeconomy.
12
 UNITS

e INDIVIDUAL L'IAGE
INDUSTRIES ------ll INOIYIOUAl
~FLU[NI TllfATMENT

ro
IER .. lkAL lll(AI MC"T ~~... DISPOSAL 0
0..
lll(AI M ENT 0

-c
THRO UGM RECOVERY I
~
I
-----11DISPO~AL
• SMALL-SCALE UNIT5 I
<l!
llfARING IOXIC M6 l AL"---......1--.1 IAEATMENT 0
IV PAECIPIT AflON O' SlUDG_E_ __,
(/)

>
z
• SMALL-SCAL( U,.IS Wll '4
HCH-TOJllC AHO Mt:UlllALIUD tH\.11£ w

FIGURE 3 1 : INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT APPROACH

 Tnc pnmar; consid<'rlllon ror segrcgat:ng 11>e OI oourse, 11sc.ape into mo onwonmolll ol IO• IC
vau)u$ wcams IS mo ellhlln:emen: Ol treata· compounds and clements so be blomagnllied in
bilay Tnc aUOCl4:<:d eooromy remainS a sec· 1ne emnronmen1a1 waters untl~r lho camou·
cn<lary consod<lrati0n uage ol dolu1i0n otlurlld by tho comb<nod treat
menl sehllme m.ly be noted Furtherrr.011. 1ny
S4!0reg::i1i0n 01 wis1e weams is relaw ety simple proposalof conveyong,111 a hugecos1.111e enc1tt
in ca:.e Ol agmg.e brgc 1no.istry as lilus:rateo '" was:.~orgener ;i:ed in l1lO OS!alt IO 11ttmna1
Frg 3 2 &mw an~ in ant• :$tJng trtduWial poc11 ·w:.n
rxty a 1ew ll'lduslriH in !ht est110
l!Sllle may u.ise laying ot eitensNety tcng::r/ 1'eea lo i.-e a1 the'.1 -.~NaterS ancs ron·
~age St'le!TIS H AsSUllled 11'1 r 9 3 3 In poA..:ing w-asil!ll>-a:trS o1 oioors an bO "~
lhlr.Cl!Sil 1nc1ewcrlljlosyS1em~elabo­ posed ol w rthoul treatmenc, '~"ts IO I>
ra1e as inc eS1n1e rcqu •os as mnny parallt!I examioecl ColT'bined 11ea1mene rtmal\S th• -
suwers as nie categorlt$ OI wa«t:Maiers In a most ideal choice w here all lhe un4S Jn I ' C
.. u bid-OU: nc1.wr1o. thtoughou1 lhe estate ~e~o~rn Sltftlat~ S. u
att!A 1 he cost and Oi!!cutr 111 b r-..g sucri an siita!()A may occur wltn dyeing and pril'(lr'I' : c
el&lorattt ~
several pa1a I
or sewerage ~
llS c.om;iletetr upsel l!le
,_"11.
le'CIJies. elocltopQlll'lg llnd wen o·
1ypes ol 1"dus1nes w1'1ere 1h0 unilS ICfld lot • · C/l
a:tvanuige derived bJ entlllncmo inc 1111a111billly
1111ouo11 segrcoauon 01 vari0us ca1egories of
1oge1her lor reasons of her lhan pcAlhon control E:
01he1W1Se. in case ot m xed wa~ie pretrcMlm nt Q)
was1e s11uari1s Such on 11pp1oacl1 coul<l Mve iS necessary .c
b<.~'1 11ener • the un•ts 1n :ne esui:e ar.. zoned u
on1nebasisot cNi•aaers Ol ltloWllSle s1reams A typical e.t~ OI COiilli()n e!lklell In ~ a.
Suen ~nrno 1a~1ates 'edOM-.s& :reatroom mert p1a111 W11h mored wasle • "'°"",, 1n r9 u

~
a"<! '"'"troy . i1m ,aius eti11n•n1e 1ay1,o OI 3.5
· "l'itHOIQC nv1wor1< Hnwe.ier .. •omno ol mdus· ,.,.,
11111" u~ 11111•,ll•tlUd 111 I •Q 3 4 could only be 3.5 Choice of technology >
....._,
con•,1d11rcd 111 II 'pl,111111119 or u11eJor construe·
11;. ·· ,,IJ\)u I;, rr rt gl•:m i;.;)lil ellectrvt The choQ Ol lec;hnology IS S•te·Spe<:~IC It cir• 0)
pen0soncharacter4l!I011ol waste. the modeol 0
34 Com1>1nod approacn a.sposaJ and !he bUl'Clen w~h rcspea lo 1nve•1 0..
ment. 11 ts. therefore, necess:iry lo consider 1n.. 0
Th•: c1> irac1e11~1.:s ot was1ewa1ers from 1ne tollowlng aspe<:ts rn the CholCe ol approproale a)
•n<Justri:il ur•lls 11ave J b\lilt•nQ on lhe lyptis of
'1"C,1!mer.t 11.11olo 11s volume h3s on &ho? llCOno·
mies Tt>e cotnl)lrlOO uell!mctll 01 a' tne ..asie-
~···IS ~ ~f'.'I envt~ l)f()OOSIUOn and
lechnology

operation and maitdenance IO be <

.._

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r.3S 11>e IO!lc "11'9 mena CX>51 and energy IC!ec1NC • Cf)
teo~f of Kale m.') oe 11Ctue.ed . emuent quaLly and mode ot d;sposal >
z
belle• CC"!IOI ove1 trea•men: can Dee• l!f- resilien:e 10 ab&oft> 5hOck load ancl ..,,. w
ose-o
sr.a:. uni:s may noc na-1e IC> CIOtllff lltlOu1
a1ion _, "°"" ,
arcs
11'\S!a en o::ieratonanom.uwenanceot resoun:a recoveryll'WllUQh~ , _ .
•rea!menc uots •l!:IO<'I and ••-use
tno hf1'1au::C: r.iaun.1,· 01 $111.lft treatment 3.5.1 Treatab1h1y. The most omponant aspect ol
umis t>elng lar 11om sa:is1ac1ory. 1ne des.gning effluent 11ea1ment plant al thtt 1e1TT11·
oomblnedlre~m wouldtlmnalesueh na1 poml ot an u'ldustrlal estate is 1111 treatabil·
instablLty ard ify OI wastewaier The parame!erwtlichgovems
tne treatabMy rs tl'IO 900 COO rat10 It Ille l1llO
co~n.no ano ~l1!$1ton o1 ... as1e- c more N:iOS. blOlogiCal troatmeri Is llllOIK·
"111e1

14
 LARGE Sl~HH.E l~JOUSTRY

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TREAT,..F.Nf IREATMENT TREAT MF.NI TllEATMENT u

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DISPOSAL
i> SPfCIAl lREAl "'E"' IS -
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tf" Tst£4l"'E:''; 15 i:;£t,JtR£Cr
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i£~C.A£ OlS"~51.l.

FIGURE 3.2 : COLLECTION, TREATMENT & DISPOSAL FOR SINGLE LARGE INDUSTRY

15
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v FIGURE 3 3 COll[CTION, TREATMENT & OISPOSAL OF SEGREGATED

UNPLANNED INDUSTRIAL ESTATES
WASTEWATERS FROM

16
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DISPOSAL IF SPECIAL TAEAT ...£NI 15 llEO~llS)

BEJ"OAE Ml.INC

If TREAT~, IS AEllllJIREll
BEl'l>AE DISPOSAL

FIGURE 3.4 : COLLECTION, TREATMENT & DISPOSAL OF SEGREGATED WASTEWATERS FROM ZONAL
INDUSTRIAL EST A TES

17
 •

SPECIA\. oq TO•lt SO\.ID WASTES

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·- --- I OLOCIC•U 1----• 10 ~IYEll L.VID
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O~ SEA

TVl•ICAL \'IASTLWATfR SECRECATION ANO TREATMENT SYSTEM IN AN INDUSTRIAL

I STA1£
 able Olherwise. ~ isadvtsah!e lOITlUt thewa~~
wa!erw•lh the sewage ol nealby tcrNll whj?fe,.-it
teasi>le 10 enhani;e the 1r.:.uablt1y During a
Slli<Jy at Pa4 c.00 Salatra Ill Ra1aS1t1an. Ille
Cefllral Pollution Conuot Beard SIU(ly gtoup
Observed lhtS poss.lbif1!y (CPCB. 1987-881
M"llllJdom<lStlC sewage to enhance th;? !ll!ata
bMv rs ptOballly the best .vay .,,. 'h r•$J>ed to
lfl(justnal estaies compns1'\g cnemcal indus·
uy Ho.•1.-iver. ii is imperative p<lot pl;lll! Study
Delore designing tho? luB-scale ETP Otheiw.se
1ne wide nucwation in lklw and quahry ot waste
may upset the treatment plant as has haPpened
al Pall
3.5.2 Operation and malntenance cost. Oper,1110n
and maintenance cosl 01 an e!llueru !r11a1mem
plan! includes coSl c t eteclrioly consumphon.
salaries ol !he stall, cos! ol chom1cals and cos!
ol maintenance. repairs and depreclai1on Cobl
can. Iheretore. be minimised 11 the des19n avoids
use ol chemicals and ollers slmphclty 1n opera·
11on Wilh 1he cons1ra1n1s on power availab1lily
In our country. ii is desirable 10 have ress energy
co11sum1ng ellluenr trearment p1an1 Blogas
generation Imm the seltled sludge wlterever
1eas1ble should be adopted.
An exercise ol trade oft musl be considered
between resource reoovery from the waS1e and
degree of soplns11ca110n on deSJgmng the ettlu
em treatment plant air ;iollutton eouipment and
sotld waste disposal
3.5.3 Elltuent quarny arus mode of dLsposat Th;;
rnos1 important governing tactor to deSIQll an
t:!!lti.1n: treatmen1 p;ant is tne treated .:ffluem
qaaf,:y. and inat :s :na11~: y O<!P!!~nt Oil the
mode ot •Is Oisposal I! :s me r&>pien: CQl1'il0·
net>: ol eovltQOllllOm -.-. h>ch .... arra:nts t:ie degtcl!
ot :•ea1men1. aro '" rum the cos: o! tne
treatml!l\1 II the reopient boc1 •S muoopa_l
se •er pnmary lreatl'N!nt loUowedby remc•val ot
tc•clly will sufhce. as 1n tne case 01 proposed
elllu'!nt 1rea1mern plan! ol Wazupur Industrial
Area Oeltl< ~mere n;utraiisalton lolloNed 1:1y
t>oculahon and·prec1p11a1t0n w.i De sultcient 10
meet the purpose (CPCB. 1986-87) II land is
available. primary treatment followed oy land
treatment may tie advantageous In case or
es1uary, the d1lu11on factor with respect to lldal
pnsm will lower the degree ol treatment re-
quired. However. the degree of treatment will be
more rigorous. ti ellluent is discharged !o sensl·
19
tiveareas !Ille ups!mamo1 dl.nlong water source.
rebgi<T<JS bathing place. estuaryolcoasta.I areas
be•ng used for sa• pans or p!SCICUlw•e. Hence.
s~uation wi1h regard to deoree ol treatme/11 and
005I ellectro ety - -
3.S.4 Resilience 10 a0sott> shOCk. In industrial
estate me fluctuation ol Row and cpaluy or
emuem is I0'1Vllatlle 11 as. therefore e>cpeaed
that trea:mefll plant tS so ~igned thal rt can
abscm certa111 sl>Od< IOad
3.5.5 Resource recovery . Resource recovery can ,-..
oe Colli! al two l)IJtes one a1 the source dsell C
1.e w11hm1helndus1rypremrses.anc11tiesecond 0
3t the terllllOal point 1e a1 Ille end ol common c
ellluenr treatment ptunt The lormer can be (f)
consl(lered as pro1rea1ment unit 01 1ncJ1vidual ·>
lnduslry Control 01 pollul1on at source to the c
maximum extent possible. w11h due regard 10 (!)
1echno·econom1c leas1b1hly, would necessitate {3
recycllr\g or wastos al every stage ol production a_
In case of metal processing Industries. the elllu· v
ent mainly contains 111e recoverable metals ~
which. H not ex tracted. are loll In aqueous ~
solullon, resulting 1n pollutton In electroplating ;::.
Industry. prac11s1ng simple ooun1er dragout .._..
system. the metals can bl! recoverl!d and re. OJ
used In case ol manufacture of organic chem!- U
cars_ recovery is possible. Recovery ol dalUle Cl.
acette actd. resorc•nol and meta am1nophenot. U
cumerie. atptiamethyl stryrcne etc is bemg Q)
dor.e in lnd!a Remverable mallet lrom tlldus· ~
trial wastewater is 9'V1n in Table 3 1 The C
process 1nd-Jstr1es are !he maf(lf users of water
and can recycle or n>-use rt lor some secondary
c3
utiltlae<s (J)
_.3.6 Solid waste management. II the lllduslrial >
es:aies stand wothln tr ie uioan mun.opal area. Z
41SDOSS.tlle:Oult!JSe mu~iservcetorsolitl U.l
,-,aste disposal, pro. :O.xt that the solid wasteS
contalfl no hazardo\15 m<11enat He•e the PfOb-
~m ~es with tne colfect!Oll 01 retuse However.
~tndustnalesta1esaJelocatedat 1SOlatedplaces
II is qu11e natural 111a1 dr5posa1 problems v.ould
arise and have to be taken care of There are
several options In tne selechon of technology.
However. resource recovery remains the besr
ophon 1n solld waste management. fn case ol
hazardous wastes, Incineration may be the
bes! choice . The choice 01appropriate techno·
logy is dependent on characterisation ol wastes.
Industries al same character when housed lnan
 industt1al es16!e. COl1YTlOtl laollly ot ~ waste emue111 tre.almenl giant Wlll be an ~
man.'JOC'lflenl ~ C:!$1Cf WI Cl 0 2 ol £1ep An ind.catr.'9 ~ ol SUCh concepl
mucd inclls:ualesiates 11.ccp110<10' ~!'p:;ra· IS plaCL'd rn Fig 3 7 "'hocl1 may be SUdOJbl!l lor
11011 ot wasie bt'1'.'om1>s 111e pr.mt· concern fulurn <nQUsmaf estate planning,
rrc;t... ibll' mo:ll IOC!5 ot m.JI1:memunt ot sci•<.! waste T Management aspect. M,1nagernent aspect
ol an 1ndus1nal cstare ari. 1ll11~1rated •n ~ .g. 3 6 • an t>e cl~s1hed 1111v.-o Classes ( 1) Org:11nisa·
3.7 Al r pollution conuol. Inc.~~.: ot a•• pollut.on t<Onal appro.1ch • and (21 trnancial resource
.in ,op1oach hll• c me'"' d••llluent 11ca1men1 is mobil satr0n
r_"'t r!..,.;.ib!!! H~·~ l..: :~poos.t_ 'f Iles Al\ll Organisation approach. a.~m 01:;m than n::t
the indMdual ullil 10 core·:i11~ l!!l'~s:on 11 .. as !>-.,•e ar.•es '"e ~,.,..as to "no ,. 'O 'a\.e ,-._
OllS<.'fVCIJ tr.at arr PQlluhon occurs 111 wws•nat over Ille adm1n1stratcve and hnanciat burdens C
u1 r~ niostly l•om of the combined eflluent 1raatmen1 plnnr 1t 1s ·-:
IJ011er and rurnacc and ollun answPtud lhJt tho promoter ol 1ndus1rla1-0
• <lr"o;el Q •nm.1tcd tOG t.rt to 'omb.1t he· L ·Iii!•_ I ti lh•_• ~l.•10 1ndu~lfl;JI de',,,>'oomeflt C:
qu~ni 1meirv,>1.,n ot el.:c'.rO!y wt·P'Y ..urpoi.o!Jen (~•DC1 IS I~ De;;! Wiied O<O<& <Sa-.~
ton 101 1r.o sa:CI purpose >
irr(lloved deSIO" oi DOtlur ano turn..ice may c
11u.-cr a• polkition ti.' grom r•:•.m• l.., .. tt>e The frm:lat.ons 01 SIOC or munopa 1 lies. 1 D<> <l>
-,~ -i ~t?"t.-C'" • '\Qht1"'S QI(" ---n ""'1 $Cl : • 50le p<cp<l(:W cA common ett.,eni ireot rnen1-8
•
min n ..;e the "' urc11 ot emo "'" to J un t iind ~m- ~
r.~n bo controllul'.J r.111oc11.:11t1y l11d1rl'rt'y. provl· 11) Scopo or part1c1pat1on ancf respoMibllit1es C!
sion ol 911.•en b•'ll surrcun Jor'9 111.. 11.. 1uw··11 cl nd1vidual uno• are low 5:
..--stJh,.: rr....a; '·'Ii;: ltte PQ!.\Jtir:· ~ a g: .. •~ c · '~"'* 01 ;.genoes ,._,,,thot..: """°"' er,,a 10 ,,,. ; '"ii! ~
38 Augmentation ol elllS1ong IKllitres n IS C".;
Sef\-ed !hal rn an •ndustr.;it est;ite mci...stnP.s tdl-
up the oesqn.11Cd piO!s. ano ~rar: 1he11 ... ~s "1
ine.-.-wal 1:1'111 !Gr Qpilra!IOn ano mE -n:e·
narce COstS and
CJ SIOC'mUnic p3lol·•'S haw to be e•!-'trcli.!d (.)
CO -
:>

progrt.ss.,,,::,.. ., 1C" !n-,:.rc•ore OittrC\. · 1t tne Oi!CCSS.'1'( 13C1"11>?5 and q ... aM.ed £t.1tt lo a.
beQ1•1n1ng 10 aswss 11111 de,ogn toad 101 the
ma1ntmn ..md p.irlorrn quallty co111101 lune· 0
design procusss implement o~erate.
commori dHlu11n1 tr.:oa1me111 pl~nt Henc" pack·
·l<J'~ modu'"' or lr~.1tm,;nt ,ind upgrad 111on ol 11ons o! thllse syst.in1S a) ,_
....,
c
TASLE 3 1 RESOURCE RECOVERY IN INDUSTRY <D
()
Namu or Industry
--
Technique
- -- ---
Resource 1oco11ort1d
->
())

Erec11opta11ng Count.:r 0t.i<;1 out lechfuque &

ptec1pota1ion
Trace metats and wai11r
z
w
2 T~ 1tde Couf\ler erao oi.l Caiistc Soda
•
3 Pulp ano Paper Re~erse osmoSIS. uftrafibratlOn Pulp paper and water
and etectr00yJlys1S
4 Oronnlc c:hem1ca1 manu D•st11J;i11on (extractive. vacuum. serm· Organic solvent
!aclur•ng 11lr'ustr1es C('lrt•nuous and b.l!Ch 01$1r1but10n)
5 Ra 7on mar.uiac1unng Pre::lp!la'.on line 51Jfp~e
.noustries
r, Pd ':'10 H)Cl1C~S>S ol 1-:)~~hbflC i!Ccl
f~'!OVS ~t".Jor.OC

20
 SOllO Wi>SIE
fRCw N)U5TAIAt ES TUE
I .~
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r MUMCIPAl
SOLID WASTE
-.
I
IN£111 MA!ER!Al

. - l
CONIROLl (0
OIJMP1Nr. 1t1CINEll4TOll CO ..POS Ill-~ PLA>llS RECVCLl><G f'l ANT
O'.)
0
-~Oil
Rf Cl A l'AHON
-Sttr[AM ~-~-=--
-OES •nuc·1ci; I - PfieiiUC nc~: Of
0 JI.I-•• c ....TIDi 11
-IPON
-{ill.SS
w CCO\t 11¥
Al(C~E"Y
1 a..
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(!)
ICC.,?OSll - Pl1'SllC lltCO»EllY ,_
-coMPosr 1·11~ouc :oo~
-ST[ au PROCUCliC•J
c()):
- SOl•O ~UH PJ;QOUC •C"
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FIGURE 3.6 : SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDUSTRIAL ESTATES

21
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, " 4

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0 """"'' ....
•w,.p •• ~ •(""-' s Scr• -
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A<••... 'f'O ,.., •• ,. l·1h•I ....
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•• c tt f'ft\f(GI lf it etl'f\ t,,I
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ow
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to - Cawoi.-.at••" .... .,
AD Af'IO•-tc..ti-c •• Mt.-

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Fo<"ICJI••• po"f
SOI S.wdo• ••, ...., t-• 4' ,, Ii '"• ,.....,
••H A "'li •t •~.c 100M111
Sero ""t e••,.,.
SC !.l'lf't't~G•f ~·. . I •f
"";;it.,.rot-... P•~.f
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'1GUllE 3.7 : CONCEPTUAi. WASTEWATER TREATMENT SCHEMES FOR VARYING WASTUOAOS

22
•
 Keep.no !his in view and the held ezpenene
ga•r>ed in seve1al induslnal esiaies I l<e 'Jan·
yairbacli al Tamil~. Lile bes! solu!l()n \'•OUld
be 10 IOml a was:ewate< coope1alt11e In the
same brealh. 1ms cooperali;·e ma1 1a1<e cart! 01
sole! waste managemem and ~her ascecis or
11nwonmemat managemenl M: !iJ<O.:n belt
develOf)menl
3.9 Financial resourcemanagemenL This ~1
is basud on the concept or leaSI cosl ~01u1on
sut>ject 10 meeung a piesct.Oeo s.:101 perto•m·
arce standards. lne least cost con1ro1 process
mlghl comprise a wide va11e1y or on s.ie co1 •l<ols
as • .-en as olt·Slte con1ro1s Tf1e concepl can l>t'
wi;ll adopled even 1n Sil es where
3.10
1ndus11ral esrn1es are ion.:d
mduSlrtal es1a1e is cong1omera1od wnh some
large and small uni1s: and
a lew 1ndus1rial estates wilh cer\lfal mun1cl·
pal 1rna1men1 plant as on-site lrea1mnr11 A
simp le approach adop1ed by Nonnwes1
Wa1er Authority (UK) for laxallon 01 com·
monellluen1 plant Is ollustraledbt!Tow ICl'CB,
1989J U1s1he au1hor1iy"s view lhal 1ne cost
ol 1reatmen1 receptiOn in10 ora1ns se.vers
alld conveyance tor lrade e111uen:s ... 'I t.u
charqed and this coSI should oe cover..d
from 11".e dis.tharger b~ a charg.~ tor •1ach
cue< mi!IEr ot trade f;ll1uer.1 d-scha:~o
1 ne cttarge p;;r .:ui;.::; m.?ti!' s"3ll DC de• .,ea
''"m 1'1~ tonc·.v.ng f':>rmuta
.: : s
c • ;; . v -1.1 - -e - 5 s.
k.. o. .
"''='e
C• Tot~ c.t'.arg: t:t 'Ut>ee •or per cutJ.:
Meter c• trad~ eft uent
R• Receo:ion ano con..e1anc:e cos1 PN
cube rna!re cf -se;.age
v• P111nary uea:men: cosi per c-.ib•C met<.:
o• Sc'wage treatr.ient
lvl • Co~ ot providing and opera11no sea ou1
tails per cuctc melre of sewage so d1~·
pornd Id applteable1
0, • The Ct1ern1cal Oxygen Oernaod (rng•I)
ol the trade etttuen1 all er one nour quls
cent selllemeni al pH 7 oor at thu pll of
the mixed sewage
o,. Tllec.hemGJl o•ygendemand(""'}'l)ot
a-erage s1reng111 sellled sewage
B= B.ologlcal O•ida!On cost per cubic
tn;!{fe Ol lhe S-'1lllXS $e\"3Qe (.nciu0d1g
Ille cost ot secono,uy sludge oisposal)
S, = The tolal we.ghl ol SS (mg·t1 ol l"i
trade efluetll at pH 7 oor a1 pH OI the
1TI1Xi!d sewage
S, • lne101alwe>lJhl of SS (tTIQ•ll ol average
strength crvdu sewage
s= Treatment and d•5posal cost of primaiy
sludge for CObtC mE!lre ot sewage
legal aspect. Th!! question 011dent1fy1ng Ille
au1honty responsible for ma1nlammg !he stipu·
lated slandards 1or wastcwn1er dlscnarges has
10 be resolved. Soc!lon 2(d) ol the Water
(Prevem1on <ind Conlrolot Pollutlon) Act, 1974
defines occupier In re1a1lon 10 any laclory or
premJSes as the person wl10 has con11ol over
I he altairs o4 lhe fac1 ory or lhe prem•ses and
where lhe said alfa•rs are emrus1erj 10 a
managing agen1 SlJCh agen1shall be deemeo m
10 be occupier ol 1he factory or lhe premises II
(.)
lrus were so lt>.111 can me promowrol an Indus·
0..
(.)
tnal estale or W~lew.lltlt COOpClahve be COO
-
seotf:d? By the !Mlmc token 111 eS1ate.s where
ccmbined aod secto1-wose trl'armen1 schemes ~
are adoptro
S<.'flled'>
shOuld •nd<viduat unots be con-
(.)
-
c:
(])
8y c:onsel'lling only thi! ptomo1er agercy or (J)
,.,.,s;e,01a!er cooperat"' ~ llie role OI controlling
the rnscna~es 11om various un •s would be
>
z
<ii;lurna!>ealy 111rvst•>O oo the agency or coop- w
era:r..es Th>S mogn; 1n·,o've regal compbc31>ons
to1 11.,, oromoter agenc-1 v1S-<H"s tl'le un.ts Al
the same t•me '' only rr.e lllllMduai un,,ts are
consenteu. me 1.r.11 d>SGh3rge flom lhe estate
,., LI bf! nobo<ly s tesponsol>ihty W1lh a v1i?w io
m.:e:.ng the ob1ect•,es ot lhe Waler Act 11 lo<j1
C311y appear~ souno that 001h lhe promot<119
agency and •ndMClual un11s hava 10 be con·
sen1ed !or !he t1natd1scl\ilrQI! and discharges for
lhe units respeC11ve1y Wtltle tram1ng 111e con·
sent cond111ons the ava llab1ll1y or combined
sec1oiwise or ll"d1v1dual 1rcn1men1 schemes wi ll
have 10 be lahcn 11110 account J
 4.0 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NEW INDUSTRIAL ESTATES
• I Approach
• 1 fxperiences garnereo ounr19 1nv11511g:mons
r11vea1 !hat the env11onrnerna1 problums asso
c..ued wolh ex1stong .W~r131 l!SL'lt .-.lo
h.lve been avoided, •I tM PfObk'!ns wer1> given
·due cons1C1era110ns al planning sta(lo 11 •s, also
observeo thal 111dustrlal es1a1es all 1nov11ablo
Jlld on oomng Oecades molt n"" u>~..:il
cst ..:..s "''' be eSJaoi..r.ed 11 .s t11crc1ore,
necessitt)' 10 evolve 9tJtdebnes tor~- olopmen1
01 ne.., •ndustnal est.Jtes IOr Ille promo1119 a
llllCndes 1: e L'le siaie ~naJ del'e!Opment
corporation. :o.. n ano counlry planning
developmen:, Slale ~on Con!11>1 Board etc
~idelines can be framed on rne b:lsts 01
1011ctH1t>9 conscieratoons
S4eevawion .
fntrastrvctural lac1i.11es lor env1ronmcn1a1
pollulon ano
O<ganrsatt0na1 support to env1ronmrr11at
managemen1
lltsobServedtnaJ prope1 sllingol ncwlrplaMed
inOUSlr.al ~stares not only mtWlllSe advCf'Se
~~. bLA also .,..., ll'leCCS:
OI tteaune~ ana on ~ control ClevlCH
The Silt! Wlllul.mai.:lydeocte ,.t11Cnw.11erbO<loes
migt~ be ;1ttec1edby euruerus rrom1tiees1a1es
whiCh air SheOS ~ 1ecemi a~ polutaru
lr()f"' Ille '"lduSl11eS, Of wlllCh sens111ve
ecosys1oms might be 11revors1bly alt11cieo S11e
setoc1t011 based on environmun1al trltcn.1 is
therefore an important srep tn assurn'I) Ille
~nVlfOnmttnlaJ soundtless ol newly developing
onoustr.al estates.
Tllo basic envuontri.'llllll Ollje(t1ves ol Siie
seledJOn are 11)1! tOlow'ng
Sde seleaioo sfloulO asSUfe 111a1 environ-
mental~ resulllng lrom the inQ;IS·
ltQI es:a:e ant mnmseo (OO..n sunm
irter· reWIOnSJ
24
The selecled S<!e In ado:lon.. ShOulO
assure Ina! provisc>n OI rne llffeSSary
1npu1s (rJ,y m111e11a1s. waler e1c) moghl
not lcllOIO 1csourced~lons0<iosevere
CO' "f• ""'fhoth01usergreups (upstream
1111er·1eLllon) Tt1Q1r re1a11on is sllcY"n 1n
Fig 4 1
,,....,_
Thef'e ar£ 1.._ Pfinclpal approaches conc:e"<t:
able 10 sciea a Sde ,,,tiiell migt11 be c:o11s0ereu
as accept.lblt from envttonmcntal ang•e-ll'iq::
nega1<ve se1c<.1lon ol'ld tilt pos.t.r>;e se!ecloouj
The negative setca.on awrGadl ~...2 ·.s:
tn1tans Ula! enwOMlClrtal cn:ena are lll);ro' · "'t::
ano 5el v.1'1Ch stiould bO (tvlty and or pan1JD
depenoern on rno considered 1aaor1 met by•· ,.0
a::ema:ive s.•es Unsu•atJ!O si:cs rrqir !nu.·. Dg__
SOl'led OUl No!gDINC seleclion. .. otriet WO"o:(J
tnes 10 allOoO tho mo$t ot1v1ous ano stnl<ng en.,;
vironmenr:ir la11ure5, wllhour, however be1~
able IO pmpo101 lho bc1>1 Sde W\lh•n a oonsioe<S:
able planning .11ea ldcNdicaflon or lhe ~
sde conS><lored from lhe unvttonmental Vt~
potnl. Is possible by poslltve selec110n which~t)
how• ver a mo10 ~·procedure reQl..t'""l!L
bale. 11.nebne oa1a Postrve seieCI>:>.., r'
snort, a procedure tO ev:ilua:e·an area ... 1r:-
respoc:110 ~s su~nbd1fy to OCCO!MlOdale envt(J)
ronmenta..°')' sound ~ln.'ll esta:es b
c
4.2.1 Hegatln atectlon a>
0
Environmencar ompftC<ihons OI iocl.tstnat est.a:· (f)
ace c:haraaertseo !"· two map~n.?ns c-
oo...-.•c •- •Cl lr>e es'31>
on tne envoronm nt, Jl'ld by up~lream ompactiZ
I e dependency ol lhij esrnte on env1ronmem :WJ
tnpl.tl lactor<s The ob1•• ..1rv.. ot e11V11onmen1any
sound sihng "'· lhe1elt11e. rwo IOld Firstly. to
seiea a s.te wheru emssiOns anc1 effluent
emana1mo trom IM sire mlghl nol cause
unaccepU1ble 0c111rior111on 01 envmllltnental
q.:a!;!y or harm 10 111311 Secloro)f, ~es . Nnete
pro..'1510n OI ~ •actors maptd nol luo 10 ondls·
cnmina1e t•p10l1111on 01 natural resources or
enYllOM1enla!!y ref.'l•ed hazardS II must Ile
notea towo•er lha1 tn a~ popu:!a\tcl
C00111ry .::acn ue tvel'l1Ua y ant.'CI man ano
 •

I t!ARM()NISEO l.PSTREAM
l__::__LAT10N W1TH P. I .".RCt. Y.f Nl

0.~l
SUITABILITY FOR
INDlJS 1llll\L ES TA TE
Of:VE LOl' M(NT O'.l
u
Cl..
u
~
......
c:
Q)
u
Cf)

Y;t~l "'llSE A01' ERSE

>
z
no 1n.STREAM IY-PAc·s
w

FIGURE 4,1 RELATIONSHIP OF UPSTREAM·OOWNSTREAM EFFECTS ON EINIROtlMENT

2.~

naJure to a cenain e•lent • m.llllTIIS<Og env1roll-
men1at impacts here dOes no1 mean tha1 no
adverse effects a1 all will occur bu1 lha1 the
effects are within acceptable Lm1t considenng
the opoons {i e S11es1 ava'1able Evaiuauon
crner1a, 11.eretore have to oe se1ec1ed
pragma1ically reflecting the en1111onmen1a1
conditions nl lhe country
In order 10 lrame the rnetl-oclOlog; lhe most
.mponan1 aspect is 1he c1ass111ca11011 or lfldus·
trial estates (IE) •uh respect 10 po11u1an1s
genera110n and ca1e9011sa11on of sites on the
bas6 ot env11onme111a1 se~t,v4; T~classli·
cation a: ~~l.'S may oe as tollows
31eas unsuitable lo accornmodate IEs
e11ne1 as prohib<ted by !<!gal regota11ons
:e g ., forest t.anos or nai.ona pal\l.S, or
baS<id on environmental cons1dera110ns.
ari.as less swlable to accommodate IEs
Eslablishm.int OI an IE nw;hl be consa:>·
e:ec environmental 1 acceptab!epiovoded
111a1 operatt0n ot the 1ndustn~s does not
cause adverse er"Mronmentnt 1mpac1s.
TABLE~ I CLASSIFICATION OF llfDUSTRIAL ESTATES
S No Class Characters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. -
EI With hl('fl ertt1SSo0'1 or air po111.11
ants. area e•posed to the pollUl-
al'lls exceeds5km 1romthe source
2 tEs w11h moc:>ra1e e1111s5'0n of air
pollu1ants
IE 3 G~nern l lng 1ox1c ano1or highly
po ..,ting ellluenlS
v.~e a ewems ::auS1ng emsSJOn
., sp. "'1e 01 •ox -c wt>stances ...ah
d1s•1~tro11s e11v11onmenia11mphca·
11;,115 are possiole
5 IE 5 if:.5 ~<>nerallt\g tOXIC residue
"'"si,;s and stud9es 111 need ol
prop~r d1sposo1
26
•
This should be subject 10 mdivwal as·
sessme nt , and
areas sullable to accommodate IEs
The ll\leraclon oeiween sile Classilcat>On and
area classihca1ion Jlfovldes the stte evaluation
and sullablhly matrix (Tables 4 .1 and 4.2)
4.2.2 Positive selactlon-Eva luatln g the suttabll-
lty 01 an area lor siting Industrial estates ,......_
,-
The term ·su11ablllty" is operallonallsed by Iden:""':
tdylllg tis mam consb!Uents. Suitable laaon£
and indcaJors whleh allow easy quant~1ea11onc;
are then ldentd1ed, and their spailal d1sinbuliortfl
In the delineated planning area computed. The:>
idenhfiad tactOIS and tn<ficators are evallJaled;
vnlh respec! to their rela!Ne ~ t~
charac1eriSllcs the env110nmental su1ta1>1My foru
induslrial eslate development. The results ar~
partly aggregated {overlayed) and presented In~
maps whlcn atlOw 10 dellneat11 sites part.-:ut>m.<:
su11ablelor1ndus1rtal es1a1e devatopment ~
maps are the basis trom which decls11..1s migh~
be arrived '-"
co
0
lnduslf1cs
Pt1mary metallurgical 1ndus1nes 1elinenes~ ......
tenil1Sers. cement and lhermal power plant C
Q)
0
Pa.,.s. loundfy. aodsl a"o<ahes. asbeslos. ~
syntttellC >
Pulp & paper. rehnorles tenllizers. pest=~
secticides_pa11'11s. dyes. leather tanning. •
po1assium cyanide. basic drugs. storage bastenes
(lead acid type) acldSfalkahes. rermentation and
electroplating
Lead or atuminiUm prO<aJc1ng ltlCkJstnes, leaJher
6. IE 6 IEs wi!h hign water consumption (this Pulp and paper . fermentation
depends largely on the capacity ot
installed Industries)

7. IE7 tEs likely to g enerate low or only

moderate pollution comparable to the
pollution caused by a commercial
area

TABLE 4.2 SITE EVAL UATION ANO SUITABILITY MATRIX

~.

LOCATION OF IE c
ENVIRONMENTALLY WithHl < 1 km 1- S km > 5km .0
CRI TICAL AREAS
c:
CJ)

Declared Forest Land

">
234567 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 23 4 5 6 7 23 4 56 7 c:
(])
Declared Prime .0
(.)
Agncultural Land 2 3 4 5 lj 7 2 3.1;; 5 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 C)_
v
Agncultural land· ! :.l ,, :; 0 7 2 3~56 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 234567
Watersheds supplying
Public water systems· ? 3 ·1 5 I) 7 2 3 1 5 67 23456 "/ 2:1456 7
CJ
Areas with high (.)
yield aqutter· 23 ~56 7 23 4;~6 7 1 234567 1 23456 7 CL
(.)
Flood prone areas· -
Seismic nsk areas

Urbanized areas·
123456 7

234 567
1 234:16 7

1 2 3 ,, 'i 6 7
2 3 4$67

2 3 4 567
123 4 56 7

123456 7 -
~
c:
0
0
2 3 4 507 12 3 567 1 234 567 1 23 4 567 (/)
Densely populated
rural areas· 1 214'> 6 7 12345 67 11 2 3 45 6 7 1 234567
>
z
Dectared or non·
w
declared sens.ilive
ecosystems· 12!J.CS67 t 2 3 .. 5 0 7 1 23 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Cultural monuments
of nallonat significance• 1 3 4 :; ii 7 1234567 t 2345'67 1234!; 1>7
Cultural monuments
of local significance

--
123456 7 123451> 7 1 2 3 4 567
=areas not suitable for IE
= areas conditionally suitable for IE alter individual assessment
= areas suitable lor IE

27

Areas w11h h•gh y1111d aqu•ler
Flood prone ;lfeas
Urbaniled areas
Densty popu1a11l<l
l\Jrat areas
Declared or non-oectu.id s~ns1hve eco
systems
Cultural monuments ol natoonal S11JM1cance
-- -------- --
The 1'1ree base features 01 tt:e n·.:itiod arc
lhe 1n01CJtor approactt .
the over•ay1ng apptoao1 • and
lhe evaluation procedure
tna.::aror aP?roach refers 10 tt111 ptagmahc use
of a~ data ava11ablo If pnm.1ry basehne oata are
unava1table (e g water and air qoahl~ or eco
iog.;al • ·a1s1 wconc!ary data or inoteatO<S are
employed 10 t.U the oalil 9aps Land use tor
example IS an 1fl1'.)Cnan11ndica1c.r c:haracteris
1ng certa1naspec1sol cnv11onmen1.11qu;;1i1y It•'<
thus not a~Navs necessary 10 gather~,. Dase
line dala
Ovurtay1ng or agg1ega11on means the combona·
hon ot certain laciors to provtOe a syriopti<;
overview on more complex fac:ors ol onlluence
For example. !flt! flSk ol natural hazards mOQht
sever au~ mpede 1naus1na1 development Hero
0 rnenlal impact assessment as <ftSCUssed ear-
11 is uselul to overlay llood nsk. seismic nsk etc
and to de<11re a map assessing all reievanl
natural hazards or rtSkS thus providing a synop.
he ovet'V•ew on this aspect
----
Lands w hieh are agrioullurally used bol not declared as
pome agncunoral land
W atersheds which serve sp1ings or surlace w aters
used lor public w ater rupply syslems or hgtily su~able
robe used in future
HIQh ~ 1eld aquder used tor agncuttural and domestic
purpose s
Ateas. subiect to peroodocal or ocxasional UOOdalg w~h ,,.--_
a llow height exceud1ng 1 metre c
Bu1n-up areas 1n oties with a population over 3.00.000
Areas where the populalion oensaty exceeds 111e a-1er-
age densrty for rural areas on state level
Areas. specilied in me Mtl'<Slry of Environment s f)Ubu·
Caton entitled Environmental Guldelrnes for Sh1ng o r
industry
------
lnorderto ob1a1n mear1lngful and usable resull,
4 is llllCeSSary 10 evaklale 1he COlt\'.IUtcd data O'.l
w4n res.peel lo ! heir su1tab1h1y (or unsuotab1lrty) ()
lo allow 1ndust11al estate development Evalu· 0..
ahon os ne~ 10 transform physical oaia I.or ()
example, on water availab1h1y, drainage e<1pa
-
-
c1tyorllo0d risk into slatements on lhe Slldabd11)
~
ol an area tor nar.;m.ll esiate deveiOpment
Evafuatlon •S also needeu 10 tac1l11ato aggrc c:
gal10n or 0·1edaying ol dala havong ddlerem (!)
dimensoons m snon evo"°'atoon /Udgl!S tile ()
planning ret<!vance ot dala characterising (J)
envoron nert:JI lca:ures Such ;,n apptOaCtr has
p:es.,1.1. 1 o>C!!n te5ted in Hass<.n d•Stnct rn
Karnatal\a
>
z
w
~-3 Infrastructural Measures for Envlro nmentaf
Pollution Control
Once the s~e iS evatum ed, through env11on
ijer inlras!ructurat measures tor envtro:'lmi!nta1
pollution control in an 1ndus1na1estate need 10
be taken care of lnlrastructural measures lot
pollullOll comrol man induS1nal estrue lflClude
2.8
 Storm water collectlOn trea1mc111 and
o.si>osat
Sallltary and 'IO!.IS!nal wasiewa1.,1 co~
leClion. lreaime.-.i and disposal ,
~ 3 2 2 Wastewate1 cotlecoon. rne undergrouna
Solid Naste cotlectoon ano disposal .
E:m.ss.oo cornrol •
Noise arc:! odour control •
RecycJrr.g and reuse of waste
Erne rgency eiec11101y supply , and
CrOill1on of buller zones of 1ree p~1n1a
hon
4.3. 1 Storm water collectfon, treatment and dis·
posal
S1orm watef preferably be c0Jlec1cd Jn under·
ground sewers Open road storm waler drains
arc regularly misused as open sewFJrs 101
d1sc11arge ot •nd11s1r1a1 and 0omus1ic w11s1e·
wah~raswellasdumpsfor said waste Fur1tier-
more •I crea1es obstacle lo tne access of
uKJu1!no-s
4 3 2 3 Wastewater treatment. The 1ndus1ua1 a...J.J
Storm water run.mt contains an acl<oow111<1Qe ·
.1:;1e pollut.on th'ough aust garoage and
unpiot.Jell!C! sole ,•,aste 0 rimary 1reatmen1 .n
~e·rLng tan.s or l>O"OS eie:ore c.S1J01;al 11'10 the
el'V><<;>nrr.eflt can rwvce tre pollu1ion S.gn:f
i;ar\':>;
J 32 Sanitary ano lndUSlriaJ Y12stewa1er coll.c·
t1on, treatment and disposal
~~ :? • Wast•water generation. In orde• 10 estaousti
an '"°"~" ·al esta1e trom t!M! po nt o! liquid
Nam~ 111~
ob,-eche sl'-Ould oe 10 generate
Nas:e..v~ter which •S more equalised 1n ~s llow
.1od cnarac1e11s1ics so tha1 ~s 1rea1ab1h1y wrll be
ennancec and ado1uona1 pre1reatmen1.
neu1r;ir1sa!iort can be avoided Th•s can be
achieved by accommooat1ng sma 11 scale
med1um·sca1e and targe·scale 1ndus1r1es 1n me
IF 111s a1sodes1rable to 1nv11e domesl•C sewug11
ol nc,arby res10ences Hence 111s appreciable to
make n cirow111 cenlre comprising industrial
29
social and residenuat infrastructure lllSleador a
mt..,e .ndi:Jstnaf estate tor entianc.ng 1teatabllit1
and con~ntly lowe nng the COS! ol treal-
menl
s.;-... er S)"sterr stloula be cons.dered as an
.:ssential .rJraslruciure of an industnal es!ale
like rne "'at~ supply sy~rem. eleclnclfy and
roads
,-.,
The underground s~er sysl.m> stiould t>e!:
desigrlC-d 0
for sett cleansing veioo1y
c
(/)
1n a rrurumum deplh ·>
c
to minimise opcra11on and maintenance~
COSI , and (.)
Cl.
to minimise pre·trea1men1 at the lndlvld· u
ual 1ndus1ry. ~
The sewer systtim should be the 11rst inlrastruc ~
lure lacifity to be executed In the new estal'!S ~
However. effluent 1reatmu11VouttatltaohtyshouldaJ
be ready at tile terminal ond bolore !he seweru
reaches tile point Cl.
domeshc wasiewater shall be treated in a Q)
common wastewater treatment plant , .v~
should be develOped 1t1 SlaQes wrth the 9rov..1h C
of tnduSlnal esial!l 10 treat tho e!louenc wilh tllec3
beginning of lfsoenerat.on Tile treatmem plari
snould be upgradab1e. app.opc i.lle to the quan.(f)
t1ty of the ~nerated was1e.... a1e< ano rne>
desired quali!y o11rea:men1 z
The choice ol treatmerri technology sr-ld tal<eUJ
aovamage ol the lavouraQle c1Jma1cconoitions
in ·00ia . and consider Ille osadvantages 01
discontinuous pcl\'oi!t supply . and Ille non·availa·
bilrty ol slcil!ed and expjl(leOCed staff for opera.
hon and ma1menance Prilerenca should be
grven to anaerobie treatment technologies.
oxldallOn ponds. land trea1mon1 sys1ems and
lncklltlQ tilter over more soplllsllcaled systems.
Tile necessary pretreatment al t~ Individual
Industry should be minimised Hazardous ef·
fluents should be segregated In the production
process, colfecled and separa1ely treated and
disposed.
4 3.3 Solid was1e cOllKUon and d isposal 111 n.llure ano e•tcnl ot ponution le cl . ano

Oom•!ShC lflduSVaal allCI ha:a•dOuS .-.aSICS r1) asSJr.10:.()n capaoty 01 me e1:10-sys1em

snou" oe sep.vOlle!\' coll«'CC r•eaU!CI And
a.spcseCl R;?SCutte recovery trom lhe SC!id N.J!IJ~ ol !>OntS should be~ lolowS
wa~e SflOu1CI De given prorn r

lnc.,ieratOI IOr lhi!rm31 lreaunenl of naza_rooi.·

•I l'-9n and 1r11cJ.. canoc>v cover
w3)te 1neeoed shOula oo a C:OllP1on 1ac1ti:y 10
OPhlTlcS-0 Ille ~ and USy IO ITIMll\lfW>:C prel.-rallly perenrua and ev11rgreen
~,

For s;ih?ly 11ne11e1wcrmo ol cosi •Of "an!J)On;i c

11()11 111<1 SOiid W;ISI~ CL::z;os.tl IS ptitli:lfed 10 Ile .u
ne;u 10 .rOJSll'll!l CSU!e wl111 ~n<1onr10 IBOL:y c
DClht=ltlc p01r11ctviewo: s:..""_act.l run Oll a"'1 Cf)
oroc-.'"ld ..a• prcieoon '>
c::
..,. sflOu!d 'Tlaltta ,. lt'..e ~ <in::l ll;'C Q)
43• EmtsSIOn con1r01 measures and l>U'ller zone logal o;itarce Ol IM reg.on .0
()
C)_
E:~ ti!< "" as ~ ano ooour contr u
me l4UI ~ CT; zo "Iii c wof\.s OUll.J z~
O' n befts llna ot!'ler pian:inons stiau!O cc 1>3'1
ot oesqt Trae use ol .-eoeia1on $h0Ulll De ~~ a~ c.'1'1QPY area Ol trees &m '
ev».im d "'VtCtW Ol lhe HSlllC!C appc:irance rr,u.-n
o1111e onitus:rcal csm:e
i) mean wind velocity •
CJ
(..)
435 Green bell dO'olelopmenl Q..
11) 0cs1ance 1rom so.m:e (..)
l:co«"ole~ conservation and polkllJOn iv1 p01Mams conccn11:11-on a"'1 -
a:iatemetll ttiroug!1 green bell are ine 1..-0 ma.or
co~nercs so v:1a! IOI cnduSlrial aaMty
""TIClnet proposea. e.aistino Of unclef e•pan-
•I dry delJOSCIOf\ vetooty Ol planlS -
~
c::
(!)
"°° 5tago Green Dell ocveloPml!nl plan IOI Tn;: ::tectJveness ot a green tit: 111 ll!Drua - (..)
n3uSUIAI citate ClepeSI05 U?Of'l ., lhe pollu1oon tS g<ve!'l ti)' l!lc value ol :r.:enua Cf)
tac10fwhien IS de1ineel os tne ralJO ol mass
I) ctimalc factors • ~ ;iolklUn:s reaching a d•l'lnc~ m lhu ansc >
z
OI greenbo:'• tolhem25Sfll• <CllthtOQlheSll
diSlance ll1 presenc:. 01 g1cen bell
w

::io
5.0 ORGANISATIONAL ASPECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
From the very beginning there· are various
agencies Involved lo promote 1nduslriatesta1es.
Besides the government, there are town and
country planning depar1men1, stale lndus1nal
development corpora1io11, and financers hke
banks. The appearance o l Stale Pollution
Control Board is the latest one not direclly
involved in development bul to harmonise the
developmen1 with the surrounding eco svs1em
So tar no depanmenl or agency 1s coming
lorward or identified !O ope tale and maintain the
pollution control measures. Apparently II Is
oreferred that the agency which Is responsible
for the planning and commlssronlng ol the
comrnon lac111Jies should also be responsible
tor the operation and maintenance (O&M) As
observed earlier, that the Sta;e Industrial
Deve lopment Co rporation (S IDC) w ith Its
present mlrastructure cannot be succ!lsslul lo
operate and ma1nta1n common rac1ht1es. II is ,
31
therefore, desirable to have an environmental
management cooperative 10 accomplish the
task ol O&M ot common facllrties This co-
opera1lve. therefore, needs 10 have a legal
:;talus to environmental pr-01eclion charge, and
lo safeguard comrnon lacil~ies and 10 guaran-
tee the limits 11 must be empowered 10 execUl!l,..,
the v1gllan<:e ol the compliance w ith conserc
conditions at lhe individual iru;lustries. This mu~··
be mentioned In the consent conditions lai
down by the Pollution Control Boards. It f •
preferred that representatives of State Goveri:{g
mtln t and Sta l e Industrial Dev elopmer-E
Corporation will be the members of this COE])
opera11ve. Suggested articles of memorandu~
o l a cooperal1ve set-up is presented i~
Appendix c . The progress of the work in estab(f
lish1ng tne new industrial estates alongwith th~
int eraction ol agencies are shown 1~
Fig. 5. 1. !'>
.._..
CJ
(.)
CL
(.)
-
-
0
~
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0
(/)
>
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w
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L ..,,.-~ CC\Tt:-:t_ ~A.~

u
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ii

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(tt.11(,{i ,..,. t:C&i.·~·o. -- - --

'j~
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o•z .,.
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l ~I 1lli.
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... ~ ... .a.:

.. .. ~ ....., cs. \ "•J'
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l.B?:ti:\:IA~lll', SIOC \1&,t '~•' .1.t t-t ,.,...,, f':"RT'\,,AA'f.'

t(" rt O• l.,11.~t .a.•,i 1't1..';l11 l1.4r•t.1'11v t•Al.o't¥( ~
S'C8 '"1'Aft LoJftl)'• h"~t. 4'fL
l '-t f•'t1" ~f't' .a.ITlt.&~ r .. ~·~t
•Ct - -._.. , :..;.,.. '){. COW , . ""

FIGURE 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING FLOW DIAGRAM

•
'•
 Appendix A

Typical Questionnaire for Industrial Survey in an Estate

A Gt llt'ra l

Name ot the 1ac1ory / ~51, ,

,.._._
c
2 Address ()

3 No OI people efllllo1 ed
c
(/)

How many $11!!!5 oo YoU ~ oer Clar" '>

c
Q)
One TlllCll
.0
(.)
s a.
()

N .irna ot tne
~
f xp,·aect procJudJOn
~
1nst.;iti«J capacity
P•Od.Jtl per nnl'\Jm '' ccorrel"• y.-~r ._..
1nr,1.1illld producllon
m
0
a..
0
~
.....
cQ)
0
Cf)

>
C.OUIO 1:>ur or ct , de$cr.oo m~ P<1>Cessuscd tr1 11>u to manutacture 1001 goods (ple.1so shOw 1he pioco s Z
Ut rnearis oi a II: .., o .igrnm W
 8 Consumption

RGw mater!llls used

- -
s "'°

c Water usage

O'.l
_ ()
1Source on m•10Jy1 a..
JUbt!l'!e# Oih 1 0
Tota
<ll
-
.....
.....c
(J.)
0
CJ)
0 >
z
w

""' cl\'Cl'IC llldl!cllOrl

0U"1t mi, LI C
c: ....nc Ate

..
".
E.. Slack detail

s No Slac:x atlaelJed ts wheathi!• Statl< flaw H.:igl11 Te~

to cal) existing Otamcire in mares rate me1re ·c
Top Bouom Nm'ihr above above
the the
l'QOI gsound

~--
c
.(.)
.....
~

tl)
">
c:
Q.)
.0
(.)
C:>_
F. Elllucnts u
~
~
Total quantum o l effluent discharge

a.

b
Domeslie

lrldusinal m'10ay
-
m
(.)
0..
(.)
-
G.

H
Mode ot hnal discharge ol wastewatM

Ctuuactertsallon ot Wastewater
-~
c::
Q.)
(.)
(J)
1 Ettluent Cnarac:ensi.cs
>
z
I ndustrial Domestic Total
w

Colour
Odour

Sus~nded solids

Heavy metals
Organic Chem.cal

Other

35
 2 Ernss.on ct ara tc•ISllC..'>
P1ocoss cm ~ns

Stack ana orri·~' Su'pll1;< Part1cula~e 0tl\(US

OIOC~SS unol 10 0.a•·:I~ man er
"hc:I COfllttoCle<J ;i: c; r11 rn., m Kg·llf mgm'

O'.l
0
J. Solid Waste disposal a..
0
a "5:1 01 pa;it-r soap cl Rullbef
i! \'/El Qd'tl3ga II Others
-
~
c
Q)
(.)
(/)
>
z
w
a 11( ne:ai on
0 Lari;i ! II~
c Cilf PO.up
"' S;ii;;

3f.
 Appendix B

Table A·1 Gr.es the oata and oornpu1a1ions tor obtalmno cumulahve llow tor a hypothe11cal 1nctustry which
ganetates wastewa101 through balcil dlschargos from reactors and through a oo nlinllous washing
operation

Column 1

C°"rm2
Clock rune ar hatt hour werva1 and aiso when a batch reactor empt•P.d. 11 ar a 01flo1ent tlln!!

Fleaaor odellldoea!IOO. nurroer al'ICI "olume at tomes when~ is emptied

-c
()
~mn3 V~me contntiuted due to a ::ommuous discharge ol 6 m'lh between indicated 1.me 1111erva1s The
contmuous discharge st an~ at 1030 and continued 11n 1430 hOurs
c.
(/)
Column 4 Cumulat10n ot volumes . 2 and 3 ·:;:
c
ShOWs a plol ol cumularove llO'N ~.irws rime The 111S1an1aneous flow rates IOf 112 h inlerval ...ere Q)
caJcula!edtromoolJmn-1 f0te•.~bet>Neen l030and1100tn.lhellowwas(25 2-13 7; tOOOi .0 (.)
30 • 383 L'I- rnn 0..
Snows a plOI of tne caicull11ed on51an1aneous now rates..
u

co
()
0..
0
,_
(].)
-
.....
c
())
()
(/)
->
z
w

37
 TAUL[. A I CUMULATIVE FLOW FOR A HYPOTHETICAL INDUSTRY

I 11t141
Re.Jctor Cot11rnuot; s
No Cumub!ntC
VOiume m d&scnargil m'In l bw, m11h

2
-
3
-----
-~-
4
-
--
C800

eclO 1
0 -
35
35 ~-..

t'i!lO c:
35 ,.
.~
,...
09.is 2 .c 0
35 -
Cf)

77
·;;
c:
'°"'
1 :;.is 4
1 JS I
182
<V
..0
(..)
'iO 05 Q.
23 7 (.)
11 i)IJ
I S 3
252
I tJ,')

~
2 4 0 30 322
12()() .__.
30 352 c:a
IC'JO
30 0
1300
38 2 a..
5 38 JO 0
1330 .. s ()
450
Q) -
30 530 '-
.......
1400 c:
3~ (!)
560 (.)
141C
35 '0 (/)
GOS
1430
20 6:! 5
>
z
1•140
3 62
68 7
w
ISO()

15.)0 68 7
68 7

38

--
 - - ------
l
I '° '10

I 60
...f.
50 ..-.
< c
b~
...
...i?
;;.) .I (.)
c
.. » l
~

~
en
>
:J;
B '10 j c:
Q)
..0

:1-r-/
(.)
a.
u
- t r __J ~
900 1000
lllo!E
1100 1-'DO 1600
~
...........
rlGURE A I : CUMULATIVE FLOW OJ
(.)
Cl..
"'o.,. .. -- -- l)
I -
c
1
:l
:::.
/ I
-
l)
~
c
Q)

rml J (/)

z>
w

IOO J
-
0 -.--
!200
.
:6C'O

1lM( - -
FIGUR( A.II ; INSTANTANEOUS FLOW RATES

39
 Appendi x C

Suggested Articles of P.femorandum of

Environment Protection Cooperatives

Purpose. t a lent anct legal starus

At! I
Arca 01 ~nsdle1cn 0 1 ine ASSOC:i:llon
TaS!o.S and duloes
"'13
Att.:

At15

"116 Sl.'llUS
S:a!US llmt'l'lclmen:
Alt6
Ori;a"Sa!on OI tne AssooJ!on
At! 9
Asscrrtlly Ol lhe> ASSOClal.On
At! 10
O'.l
EJ tculr;c Boara (.)
II Cl..
Mot1ll1S<11ion ot lunos ano Cl raw Ing up or subscription i.st (.)
Ar. 11 -
Subsc:¢11o0n l:sl --
~
c
Cl)
(.)
Oti,ect;.."$ I~ SUllScripcQri ~
Cf)
"'114
De·enr -:aio: Of 5'JOSerC1Ccn llsl
>
z
41'1 15
O•dilr or as cssm11n• w
An 16

·-.,
Conct'ion o• sutiscr p 11:ir
~
''" S ipplenionwy is1
A:1 18
AS$0 mt>ly PC c-,
Subscrip: or1 (C<'SS) 110111 •ndusrr 1 oe,·e1opril(!1~ agency
Ill
Appeal
At! 20

·10
A11 21 Appeal COll'mlllee

All 22 Rules tor procedute lot Ille Appeal COmmclee

All 23 Proc:eedmQs ol ltn? Appeal comm.nee

All 24 COs1s ol Assessment

IV Avallabllily ol land lot Ille Assoclat1on·s plants

All 25

v
Righi ol e•1><opn3l>00

S111e as Conlrol Authollty

·-c
(.)
c
All 26 legal control (/)
.>
Ar1 27 Righi ol en!orceme01 01 ConlrOI Authority c:
All 28 -;,W""'O ol loa"5 <l>
..0
(.)
VI OISSOllutlon ol the Assoclallon a..
(.)
R..ias o1 prcea..te lot o .~
~
Al129

VII Provisional Regu1a1lons s

~
...._..
Ar130 l~ement.at.on ot lhl. l.iw
ro
u
a..
u
-
-u
Q.)
~

c
Q.)

Cf)

>
z
w

41
,...
c
.2
c.
r/)
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c
i
(.)
a.
<.:1

aJ
u
a..
(.)

~
.....
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