Submitted To:

Ma’am Sobia Irum

Submitted By:
Ali Hassan
F16-BBA-045
8th (A)

Lahore Garrison University

ASEAN:
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional grouping that promotes
economic, political, and security cooperation among its ten members: Brunei, Cambodia,
Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Formed in 1967, ASEAN united Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and
Thailand, which sought to create a common front against the spread of communism and
promote political, economic, and social stability amid rising tensions in the Asia-Pacific.
Membership doubled by the end of the 1990s.
Brunei
Capital city: Bandar Seri Begawan Currency: Brunei dollar (Br$)

Cambodia
Capital: Phnom Penh Currency: Cambodian riel
Indonesia
Capital: Jakarta Currency: Indonesian rupiah
Laos
Capital: Vientiane Currency: Lao kip
Malaysia
Capital: Kuala Lumpur Currency: Malaysian ringgit
Myanmar
Capital: Naypyitaw Currency: Burmese kyat
Philippines
Capital: Manila Currency: Philippine peso
Singapore
Capital: Singapore Currency: Dollar
Thailand
Capital: Bangkok Currency: Thai baht
Vietnam
Capital: Hanoi Currency: Vietnamese dong

NAFTA:
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was implemented in order to promote
trade between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The agreement, which eliminated most tariffs on
trade between the three countries, went into effect on January 1, 1994.
NAFTA’s purpose was to encourage economic activity among North America's three major
economic powers.

About one-fourth of all U.S. imports, such as crude oil, machinery, gold, vehicles, fresh produce,
livestock, and processed foods, originate from Canada and Mexico, which are the U.S.'s second-
and third-largest suppliers of imported goods. In addition, approximately one-third of U.S.
exports, particularly machinery, vehicle parts, mineral fuel/oil, and plastics are destined for
Canada and Mexico.

U.S
Capital: Washington, D.C. Currency: United States Dollar
Canada
Capital: Ottawa Currency: Canadian dollar
Mexico
Capital: Mexico City Currency: Mexican peso

Mercosur

Mercosur, also known as the Common Market of the South, is a trade bloc agreement that exists
between the following South American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and
Venezuela. The trade bloc was established under the Treaty of Asuncion in March 1991; it was
then expanded under the 1994 Treaty of Ouro Preto, which set up a formal customs union. The
main objective of Mercosur is to bring about the free movement of goods, capital, services, and
people among its member states. The official languages of the trade bloc are Portuguese and
Spanish. In addition to the four founding members of Mercosur and Venezuela, there are five
countries with associate member status. These countries are Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
and Peru.  As associate members, they are able to join free-trade agreements but do not receive
the benefits of the customs union.
Argentina
Capital: Buenos Aires Currency: Argentine peso
Brazil
Capital: Brasilia Currency: Brazilian real
Paraguay
Capital: Asunción Currency: Paraguayan guaraní
Uruguay
Capital: Montevideo Currency: Peso Uruguayo

EU:
he European Union (EU) is a unique economic and political union between 27 European
countries.

The predecessor of the EU was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first
steps were to foster economic cooperation: the idea being that countries that trade with one
another become economically interdependent and so more likely to avoid conflict. The result
was the European Economic Community, created in 1958 with the initial aim of increasing
economic cooperation between six countries: Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg
and the Netherlands.

Since then, 22 more countries joined (and the United Kingdom left the EU in 2020) and a
huge single market (also known as the ‘internal’ market) has been created and continues to
develop towards its full potential.

Austria
Capital: Vienna Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999
Belgium

Capital: Brussels Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999.

Bulgaria

Capital: Sofia Currency: Bulgarian lev BGN. Bulgaria has committed to adopt the euro once it
fulfils the necessary conditions.
Croatia

Capital: Zagreb Currency: Croatian Kuna HRK. Croatia has committed to adopt the euro once it
fulfils the necessary conditions.
Cyprus

Capital: Nicosia Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2008

Czechia

Capital: Prague Currency: Czech koruna (CZK). Czechia is currently preparing to adopt the euro.

Denmark
Capital: Copenhagen Currency: Danish krone DKK. Denmark has negotiated an opt-out from
the euro and thus is not obliged to introduce it.
Estonia

Capital: Tallinn Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2011

Finland

Capital: Helsinki Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

France

Capital: Paris Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Germany

Capital: Berlin Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Greece

Capital: Athens Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2001

Hungary

Capital: Budapest Currency: Hungarian Forint HUF. Hungary is currently preparing to adopt
the euro.
Ireland

Capital: Dublin Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Italy

Capital: Rome Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Latvia
Capital: Riga Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2014

Lithuania
Capital: Vilnius Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2015

Luxembourg
Capital: Luxembourg Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Malta
Capital: Valletta Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2008
Netherlands
Capital: Amsterdam Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Poland
Capital: Warsaw Currency: Polish Złoty PLN. Poland is currently preparing to adopt the euro.

Portugal
Capital: Lisbon Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Romania
Capital: Bucharest Currency: Romanian Leu RON. Romania has committed the euro once it
fulfils the necessary conditions.

Slovakia
Capital: Bratislava Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2009

Slovenia
Capital: Ljubljana Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 2007

Spain
Capital: Madrid Currency: euro. Euro area member since 1 January 1999

Sweden
Capital: Stockholm Currency: Swedish krona SEK. Sweden has committed the euro once it
fulfils the necessary conditions.

Andean:
The “Andean Community” or A.C. (Spanish: Comunidad Andina, CAN), previously known as
the “Andean Pact”, is an intergovernmental organization created by Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela,
Columbia and Ecuador with the aim to promote the expansion of markets and guarantee an
effective economic development to the region.
 the Andean Group was created in 1969 by the Cartagena Agreement. 
Bolivia
Capital: Sucre Currency: Boliviano
Peru
Capital: Lima Currency: Sol
Venezuela
Capital: Caracas Currencies: Venezuelan bolívar, Petro
Columbia
Capital: Bogota Currency: Colombian peso
Ecuador
Capital: Quito Currency: United States Dollar