Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 General [SBPtrial 10-10] In which of the chemical reactions releases heat to the surroundings? A Dissolving potassium nitrate in water B __Dissolving ammonium sulphate in water C Adding calcium carbonate to nitric acid D Adding potassium hydrogen carbonate to hydrochloric acid [SPM06-20] What is the meaning of heat of reaction? ‘The energy needed to break the chemical bond, ‘The energy needed to start a reaction ‘The energy involved when change of state of matter happens ‘The change in the energy contained in the products and in the reactants cou [MRSMO7-16] The reaction between solution P and solution Q is exothermic. A student confirms this statement by mixing equal volumes of the two solutions and measuring the temperature change. Which two pieces of apparatus should the student use? Balance and stop watch Balance and thermometer Pipette and stop watch Pipette and thermometer cou [MRSM11-19] Which diagram shows an endothermic reaction? A ice B .. sodium yw; as ais water water | tute sulphuric acid (std sulfur car [RSMO7-33] Diagram 20 shows a match. By striking the match, a chemical reaction is y iB initiated. Diagram 20 www cikguadura.wordpress.com 207 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Which statements about the chemical reaction are correct? Reaction is endothermic because energy is used to strike the match Reaction is endothermic because energy is given out as the match burns Reaction is exothermic because energy is used to strike the match Reaction is exothermic because energy is given out as the match burns vou [MRSMO5- 19] The following thermochemical equation represents the formation of hydrogen chloride gas. Ha (g) + Cla (g) - > 2 HCl (g) AH = -x kJ mole-1 Which of the following statements are true for the reaction? I It is an endothermic reaction. TI Heat energy is absorbed during bond breaking of hydrogen and chlorine molecules I Heat energy is released during the formation of hydrogen chloride molecules IV x kJ of heat is liberated when 1 mole of hydrogen chloride produced. A Land Mlonly Bland IV only c D I, Hand Ill only IL, ll and IV only [SPM07-48] Diagram 16 shows the mercury level of a thermometer in reaction. Before reaction Which of the following is true about the reaction? Endothermic reaction Exothermic reaction Bond breaking in the reaction absorbs energy ‘The amount of energy in the product is higher that of the reactants vou [SPM03-12] Which of the following absorbs heat from the surroundings? A Adding acid to alkali B Adding concentrated acid to water C _Dissolving solid ammonium chloride in water D__Dissolving anhydrous copper (Il) sulphate in water [SPM0S-49] A pupil discovered that a water container becomes cold when a chemical is, dissolved in the water. Which of the following is the chemical? Sulphuric acid Ammonium chloride Sodium hydroxide Calcium oxide vou www cikguadura.wordpress.com 248 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial07-12] Which of the following proce es occurs when ice changes to water? Endothermic Exothermic Neutralization Freezing vou [SPM08-17] Which process absorbs energy Evaporation Combustion Neutralisation Displacement vou [SPM11-19] Which statement is correct about exothermic reaction? A The heat absorbed during bond breaking is more than the heat released during bond formation B The heat absorbed during bond breaking is less than the heat released during bond formation C The heat absorbed during bond breaking is equal to the heat released during bond formation D No heat is absorbed or released during bond breaking and bond formation [MRSMO09-17] Which of the following is true about endothermic reaction? A The heat of reaction has negative value B Heat is absorbed from the surrounding C The reaction shows an increase in temperature D The energy of the reactants is higher than the products [MRSMO3-11] Which of the following reactions is an endothermic reaction? A KNOs(s)_ => KNOs (aq) B — NaOH{s)_--> NaOH (aq) C Nag) + 3H2(g) => 2NHs(g) D — Cu(s)_ + 2AgNOs (aq) -- > 2Ag(s) + Cu(NOs}2 (aq) [SPM08-28] Diagram 4 is an energy level diagram. Energy Reactants Diagram 4 Which of the following can be deduced from Diagram 4? A Heat is absorbed B The products are more stable than the reactants C The surrounding temperature increases during the reaction D The total energy of the reactants is more than the total energy of the products www cikguadura.wordpress.com 249 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial11-12] Diagram 3 shows the energy profile for the reaction between X and Y to produce Z. Energy 250 kJ] 180 kJ X+¥ Diagram 3 What is the activation energy of the reaction and the type of reaction? Activation energy / kJ Types of reaction A 250 Exothermic B 250 Endothermic c 189 Exothermic D 180 Endothermic [MRSMO06-37] The diagram shows the energy profile for the formation of T from R and S. Energy x1 mol! yi mot What is the activation energy for the reaction? A ykJ mol! B(x +y)kJ mol Cc xkJ mol! D — (&-y) kJ mol? [MRSMO5-34] The diagram shows the energy level of a chemical reaction Energy POINOD2 a0 + 10k PI: +2 KNOsn) Which of the following statements can be inferred from the diagram? www cikguadura.wordpress.com 250 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 I Formation of 1 mol of lead(Il) iodide releases 80 kJ of heat. Il Activation energy for the reaction is 120 kJ mol-1 of heat. Il 80 kJ of heat energy is released when 1 mole of lead{(II) nitrate reacts with 2 moles of potassium iodide. IV Ionic equation for the reaction is K+(ak) + NOs: (ak) -- > KNOs (ak) A Lonly B Land Ilonly C Iland IV only D I, Wand IV [MRSMO9-18] Diagram 7 represents an energy profile diagram representing an endothermic reaction. Eoeay Tenago What is the value of activation energy? xkJ yks zkJ (x- y) kJ vou [SPMO5-35] The diagram shows the energy profile of a reaction. Which of the following is true about the diagram? The reaction is endothermic The activation energy is y kJ The heat of reaction is ~{y-x) kJ y value increase with the presence of a catalyst coup [MRSM04-46] Below is a thermochemical equation. 2 (p) + 3Chg) -- > 2FeCls 5 OH=-ykJ d if 1 mol iron re: What is the amount of heat rele with 3 mol chlorine gas? www cikguadura.wordpress.com 251 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 y/3 kd y/2k5 yk 2y ks vou [SPM04-48] Yogurt is prepared by adding 20.0 cm? of lime juice into 200.0 cm: of fresh milk. It is found that the temperature of the yogurt increases by 2.0 °C. What is the total amount of heat released? Use the information that the specific heat capacity of yogurt = X Jg1°C". Assume that 1 em® of solution is equal to 1 gram of solution. A 40XJ B 220XJ Cc 400xJ D 440xJ [SBPtrial07-25] The reaction between nitrogen and oxygen can be represented by the following equation: Na(g) + O2(g) > 2NO(g) AH = +181 kJ Which of the following energy level diagrams represent the above reaction? A B Energy Energ N2(g) + O2(8) 2NO( AH=+181 kd AH =+181 KI 2NO(g) N2(g) + Or(g) © Energy 2 Energy * 4 2NO(g) No(g) + O2x(g) AH =+181k3 AH =+181 KI Ni(g) + 0208) 2NoWw) [SBPtrial08-24] Diagram 8 shows the energy profile diagram for the following reaction: K+LoM+N Energy Diagram 8 www cikguadura.wordpress.com 252 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 What is the value of the activation energy? A 25ks Bo 45k Cc 75kS D 120 kJ [SBPtrial08-12] Which of the following proc: es absorbs heat energy? Combustion of a hydrocarbon Neutralisation between acid and alkali Dissolving sodium hydroxide in water Breaking the H-H bond in the hydrogen molecule vou [SBPtrial08-26] Diagram 9 shows the energy level diagram for the reaction between silver ions and chloride ions. Energy Ag (aq) + CI (aq) 65,5 kImol! aH AsCl(s) Diagram 9 Which of the following statements is true about this reaction? Endothermic reaction occurs ‘The energy content of the product is higher than the reactants 65 kJ of heat is absorbed when 1 mol of silver chloride is formed ‘The final temperature at the end of the reaction is higher than the initial temperature vou [SBPtrial09-12] Which of the following is true when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water in a test tube, the test tube becomes cold? A The ions move slower. B Water absorbs heat energy. C Heat energy is lost to the surroundings. D Heat energy is absorbed from the surroundings. [SPM09-15] Which of the following is an endothermic reaction? A HCl + NaOH — NaCl + H.0 B HCl + NaHCO; — NaCl + CO, + H20 © NaCl + AgNO» — AgCl + NaNOs, D Zn + CuSO, — ZnSO. + Cu [SPM09-23] Diagram 4 shows an energy level diagram for the decomposition of calcium carbonate. Energy caO_+ C02 AH = +570 kJ molt Cacos www cikguadura.wordpress.com 258 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Which statement can be deduced from diagram 4? Heat is absorbed in the reaction ‘The reaction is exothermic A B C Total energy of the reactant and the product is 579 kJ D The reactant has more energy than the products [SBPmidYearF5-16] Energy * Reactants Products po From the diagram above, it can be concluded that A heat is required to start the reaction. B the activation energy for the reaction is E. C the reaction is exothermic. D the reactants are higher in concentration than the products. [MRSM10-19] Diagram 4 shows the application of chemical reactions in daily life. an Materials } aa ‘Cold pack Hot pack Mand water Wand water What is M and N? Material M Material N ‘Ammonium nitrate Anhydrous magnesium sulphate Ammonium hydroxide | Calcium chloride ‘Sodium carbonate ‘Sodium hydroxide Sodium acetate Sodium bicarbonate vow [SPM11-15] Cold packs contain chemicals that react to absorb heat. Which substance is used in cold packs? A Calcium chloride B Sodium carbonate Magnesium sulphate D Ammonium nitrate www cikguadura.wordpress.com 254 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Heat of Precipitation [SPMO7-19] Which of the following must be known to calculate the heat of precipitation in the reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride? A The chemical formula of the precipitate that is formed B The reaction that takes place is exothermic C The number of moles of the reactants is 1 mol D No heat has escaped to the surroundings [SPM06-32] The following chemical equation shows the reaction of the formation of lead (II) sulphate precipitate. Pb* aq) F SOA 4a += > PbSO,\ ; AH = -42 kJ mol Which of the following is true about the reactior Heat change Type of reaction A Heat is released Endothermic B Heat is absorbed Exothermic C Heat is released Exothermic D Heat is absorbed Endothermic [SPM04-34] The following equation shows the reaction between Ag’ and Cl ions. AB‘eg + Clq —> AgCly , AH = -65 kJ mol+ Which of the following is true about the above equation? endothermic reaction occurs heat is released to the surroundings the temperature of the product decreases 65 kJ of heat absorbed when 1 mole of silver chloride is formed com> [MRSMO09-35] The following thermochemical equation shows the formation of lead (Il) sulphate. Pb? +S0.2 + PbSO, AH 50 kJ mol-* Which of the following statements is true regarding the reaction? I White precipitate is formed I Reaction is exothermic IIL Temperature decreases during the reaction IV__ The heat released when 0.2 mole of lead(II) ions react is 10.0 kJ Land IIL Mand IV 1, and IV 0, Wand IV vou [SPMO7-35] The following equation shows the re sodium chloride, NaCl. AgNOsa + = NeChag > AgCl + NaNO, AH -65.5 kJ molt www cikguadura.wordpress.com ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Which of the following shows that the reaction is an exothermic reaction? A Silver chloride precipitate is formed in the reaction B The reaction needs 65.5 kJ of heat energy to form 1 mol of silver chloride C The total energy absorbed to break the bonds is more than the total energy released during the precipitation of silver chloride. D The energy contained in silver nitrate and sodium chloride is higher than the energy contained in silver chloride and sodium nitrate. [MRSM04-59] An experiment was carried out to determine the heat of precipitation for the reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride. Table 5 shows the temperature reading of both solutions. Initial temperature for 50 cm! silver nitrate 1 mol dm 30°C Initial temperature for 50 cm? sodium chloride 1 mol dm=___| 30°C ‘Maximum temperature for mixture of both solutions 35°C Table 5 Based on Table 5, which of the following is true? [Specific heat capacity: 4.0 J g-1 °C"; Relative atomic mass: Ag=108; Cl-35.5] 1 7.2. g white precipitate is formed. Il Heat released during the experiment is 2000 J I ‘The amount of silver nitrate used is 0.05 mol IV __ Heat released during the formation of bonds is more than heat absorbed during the breaking of bonds. Land III only I and IV only IL, I and IV only 1, I, Wand IV vou> Heat of Displacement [MRSM11-34] Diagram 14 shows an experiment where excess magnesium oxide powder is added to 50 cm: dilute hydrochloric acid. [Specific heat capacity of water 4.2 Jg! °C] Excess magnesium oxide powder Serbuk magnesium oksida berlebihan we 50 cm* hydrochloric acid Magnesium chloride 50 em’ asid hidroklorik Magnesium klorida 28°C, pH 2 30°C, pH7 Exothermic Neutralization Heat given out (J) A v X 400 B v v 420 Cc xX v 400 D x x 420 ‘wow cikguadura. wordpress.com 236 ‘Adura Aalin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SPM11-41] When excess zinc powder is added to 25 cm® of 0.2 mol dm copper(tl) sulphate solution, the temperature increases from 30 °C to 40 °C. What is the heat of displacement of copper? [Specific heat capacity of the solution = 4.2 J g °C-1; Density of solution = 1 g cm] A - 21 kJ mol B -42kJ mol" C - 210 kJ mol D - 420 kJ mol? [SPM10-4] The following thermochemical equation shows the equation, which statement is correct? displacement reaction. Based on gn + Cu > Zn + Cu, AH =- 210 kJ mol ‘The reaction is endothermic ‘The activation energy is 210kJ mol ‘The temperature of the mixture incre ‘The total energy of the reactants is lower than the products vou [MRSMO3-19] The heat of displacement of copper can be determined by adding excess magnesium powder to copper(I) sulphate solution. Besides the rise in temperature, the other data needed are 1 mass of the magnesium powder I volume of copper(II) sulphate solution II relative atomic mass of magnesium IV ___ molarity of the copper (II) sulphate solution A Land Mlonly B Iland IV only © I, Hand Ill only DH, Illand IV only [MRSMO5-50] The diagram shows the energy level for the displacement reaction of copper by zine. Energy AH = - 217 kJ/mol Zn + Cu What is the total amount of heat released when 50.0 cm of 0.5 mol dm-* copper(Il) sulphate solution reacts in access zinc. A 5.4ks B 10.8kd C 21.6ks D 54.0 kJ www cikguadura.wordpress.com 237 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [MRSM06-45] The following shows the energy level diagram of a reaction. Energy Zn + Ci AH=- 190 ki/mol Zi _+ Cu Which of the following statements are true about the reaction? I Zinc is oxidized 0 The reaction is exothermic I The temperature decreases during the reaction IV 95 kJ of heat is released when 0.5 mol of copper is displaced Land III only Tand IV only Ill and IV only I, land IV only vou [MRSMO7-49] The thermochemical equation represents the displacement of iron. Mg{s) + Fe (aq) > Mg?" (aq) + Fe(s) 5 AH = -189 kJ mol+ Which of the following statements are true? 1 Magnesium is oxidized Il Reaction is exothermic Il ‘The temperature decreases IV The heat released by reacting 0.2 mol of iron(II) ions is 37.8 kJ A Land Ionly B Mand IV only © Illand IV only D I, Iland IV only [SPM03-50] The equation below shows a displacement reaction and its heat of reaction. Mg+Fe® —>Mg+Fe ; AH = - 189 kJ mol Which of the following statements are true about the rea equation? tion represented by the above I Magnesium is oxidized Il The reaction is exothermic Il The temperature decreases during the reaction IV The heat released by reacting 0.2 mole of iron(II) ions is 37.8 kJ Land Il only I and IV only Il and IV only I, Hand IV only com> www cikguadura.wordpress.com 238 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SPMO7-49] In an experiment 2.4 g of magnesium powder is added to 100 cm® of 2.0 mol dm copper(II) sulphate solution. The temperature of the mixture increases by 1.0 °C. What is the heat of reaction in the experiment? [Specific heat capacity of a solution = .2. J g! 0C+; Relative atomic mass of Mg=24] A -0.42 kJ mot! BB -0.48 kJ mol C — - 4,20 kJ mot D — - 4.80 kJ mol [SPM08-43] The following is a thermochemical equation. Fe + CuSO, -- > FeSO, + Cu ; AH = -150 kJ mol! What is the heat change when 3.2g of copper is formed in this reaction? [Relative atomic mass: Cu=64] il Bo 7.50kJ C 46.90 ks D 480.00 ks [SBPtrial08-41] Diagram 14 shows the energy level diagram of the displacement reaction between magnesium and iron(II) chloride solution Energy Mg{s) + FeClo(aq) AH = - 201.6 kJmol Fe(s) + MgCLlaq) Diagram 14 What is the increase in temperature if 50 cm? of 0.25 mol dm-~ iron(II) chloride solution is reacted with excess magnesium? [Specific heat capacity of the solution = 4.2 J g' °C] 12°C 16 °C 22°C 24°C vou> [SPM03-46] Diagram 11 shows an energy level diagram. Energy Jig + Td AH = -220 kJmot- Jeg + Tis Diagram 11 Based on Diagram 11, what is the increase in temperature of the solution if excess J powder is added to 50 cm* of T salt solution 0.2 mol dm [Specific heat capacity of solution: 4.0 J g1 °C:!] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 259 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 A 44°C Bo 55°C Gea sac) D 110°C [SBPtrial 11-25] Diagram 10 shows an energy level diagram for the displacement reaction Energy Mg + Cu** AH =-x kJ mol Cu + Mg** Which statement can be deduced from the Diagram 10? A B ic D ‘The heat of displacement is - x kJ mol! x ki of energy is needed for the reaction ‘The products contain more energy than the reactants The temperature at the end of the reaction is lower than that at the beginning of the reaction [eat of Neutralisation [MRSM11-50] Diagram 22 shows the energy level diagram for neutralisation reaction. Energy Tenaga HSO, + 2KOH 54kJ mot! KySO, +2 Reaction path Aah tindak balas Diagram 22 What is the amount of heat released when 50 cm* 2 mol dm~ sulphuric acid reacts with 50 cm? 2 mol dm-~ potassium hydroxide solution? A S.4kd B 10.8kJ C 27.0 ks D 54.0 kJ www cikguadura.wordpress.com 260 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [MRSM10-50] Diagram 12 shows an energy level diagram for the reaction between acid and alkali. Energy Tenaga "| CHsCOOH + KOH AH =-54kJ mol! CH;COOK + HO Diagram 12 Calculate the amount of heat released when 50 cm? of 2 mol dm~ ethanoic acid reacts with 50 cm: of 2 mol dm-s potassium hydroxide solution. 540 J 5400 J 27000 J 54000 J soup [SBPtrial 10-39] Which of the following acids, when added to 50 cm® of 0.01 mol dm“ sodium: hydroxide solution, produce the same rise in temperature of the mixture? I 50 cm? of 0.01 mol dm: hydrochloric acid 1.25 cm of 0.01 mol dm-* sulphuric acid Il 50 cm? of 0.01 mol dm* nitric acid IV 50 cm? of 0.01 mol dm~ ethanoic acid Land Ill Il and IV I, Hand Ill I, Il, Mand IV vou [MRSM10-34] When 50 cm* of 1.0 moldm* nitric acid is mixed with 50 cm of 1.0 moldm~“ sodium hydroxide solution the temperature increases by 6.0 °C. What is the temperature change if the experiment is repeated using 50 cm! of 2.0 mol dim nitric acid with 50 cm’ of 1.0 mol dm sodium hydroxide? A 3.0°C B 60°C CoOL D — 12,.0°C [SBPtrial 10-24] The following equation shows the reaction between potassium hydroxide solution and nitric acid. 57 kJ mol KOH + HINOsij = KNOsjeq) HO 5 AH Which of the following statements is true? 57 ki of heat energy is absorbed to form 1 mole of water ‘The temperature of the solution mixtures rises, ‘The heat is absorbed from the surroundings ‘The reaction is endothermic vou www cikguadura.wordpress.com 261 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SPM2010-44] What is the meaning of heat of neutralization? A The heat absorbed when acid reacts with an alkali? B The heat released when acid reacts with alkali C The heat change when one mole of water is formed from the reaction between acid and alkali D The heat change when one mole of salt is formed from the reaction between acid and alkali [SBPtrial09-36] In an experiment 50 cm? 1.0 mol dm-*of dilute nitric acid solution is mixed with 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm~ sodium hydroxide solution in a polystyrene cup. The temperature of the mixture increased by 14 °C. What is the heat released in the experiment? [Specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 Jg!C-!] 1470 3 2940 J 44103 5880 J coum [SPMO5-48] In an experiment 100 cm* of dilute hydrochloric acid solution is mixed with 100 cm® sodium hydroxide solution in a polystyrene cup. The concentrations of the two solutions are the same. ed emperature of the mixture ine! ed by 7 °C. What is the heat rel During the mixing the in the experiment? [Specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 Jg!°C:!] A 14703 B 29400 Cc 44100 D 5880J [SPM06-49] The reaction between 25.0 cm? of hydrochloric acid and 25.0 cm® of sodium hydroxide solution releases the heat of 2100 J. What is the temperature change of the mixture? [Specific heat capacity of a solution= 4.2Jg! °C", Assume that Lem* of a solution is equal to 1g of the solution] eae B 2°C c 10°C D 20°C [MRSMO7-19] Diagram 9 shows an experiment in which magnesium oxide powder is added to dilute hydrochloric acid. ‘Magnesium oxide powder Serbukt magnesium okeida Hydrochloric acid FF “Asd hidroklenk_| 20°C, pH2 — 27%, pH7 www cikguadura.wordpress.com 262 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Which reaction takes place in the experiment? Exothermic | Neutralisation v v vow psfe}os| 2] mG x [MRSM04-29] Below are two thermo chemical equations for the neutralization process. NaOH + HCl -- > NaCl + H20 ; AH = -57 kJ mol-1 NaOH + CH3COOH -- > CH;COONa + #20; AH = -55 kJ mol-1 ‘The value of the heat of neutralization for both processes are different because the ethanoic acid is less soluble in water. the production of sodium ethanoate salt absorbs heat. the ethanoic acid produces only a small amount of hydrogen ions. greater amount of heat is absorbed to ionize the ethanoic acid molecule. cour [SPM06-33] The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is an exothermic reaction. The heat of reaction is 57 kJ mol, Which of the following energy level diagrams represents the reaction? A 4 Energy HCl ag + NaOH AH = + 57 kJ mol" B 4 Energy HCl yg + NaOH AH = - 57 kJ mol! C4 Energy HCl jog + NaOH faa) AH = - 57 kJ mol NaClg + HO) D 4 Energy HCI fay + NAOH jag AH = +57 kJ mol NaCl) + H209 www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 263 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SPMO5-34] The following is an energy level diagram. Energy OH: (aq) + H* (aq) H,0() What conclusion can be made from the diagram? the product contains more energy than the reactants OH- ions contain more energy than H+ ions heat is needed to initiate the reaction heat is released in this reaction vou [MRSMO07-50] When 100 cm: of 1.0 mol dm~ of sodium hydroxide is added to 100 cm* of 1.0 mol dm- of hydrochloric acid, temperature rises by 7 °C. Which of the following mixtures will produce an increment of 14 °C in temperature? A 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm~ of sodium hydroxide 50 cm® of 1.0 mol dm-~ of hydrochloric acid B 50 cm? of 2.0 mol dm~ of sodium hydroxide and 50 cm® of 2.0 mol dm~! of hydrochloric acid C 100 cm* of 1.0 mol dm~ of sodium hydroxide and 100 cm: of 4.0 mol dm D hydrochloric acid 200 cm® of 1.0 mol dm sodium hydroxide and 200 cm® of 1.0 mol dm hydrochloric acid [MRSM06-40] The table shows two experiments carried out to investigate the reaction between calcium nitrate and sodium carbonate solution. Calcium nitrate ‘Sodium carbonate Experiment Solution solution Decrease in Volume | Concentration | Volume | Concentration, | temperature,°C | (ems) (mol dims) (ems) _| (mol dm) 1 100.0 1.0 100.0 1.0 6.0 it 50.0 2.0 50.0 2.0 x What is the value of X? 15°C 3.0°C 6.0°C 12.0 °C vou [MRSMO03-45] When 25 cm® of 2.0 mol dm* sodium hydroxide solution was added to 25 cm‘ of 2.0 mol dm~ of nitric acid solution, the temperature increased by T °C. What is the increase in temperature if 25 cm® of 2.0 mol dm~ sodium hydroxide solution was added to 25 cm® of 2.0 mol dm~ sulphuric acid? AT B 2T c 3T D 4T www cikguadura.wordpress.com 264 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 ~ Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [MRSMO5-48] When 100 cm? of 1.0 mol dm hydrochloric acid reacts with 100 cm® of 1.0 mol dm* potassium hydrogen carbonate solution the temperature decreased by y C . What is the decrease in temperature for the reaction when 50 cm! of 1.0 mol dm- hydrochloric acid reacts with 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm~ potassium hydrogen carbonate solution ? ad y Sy an com> neos £6 c [MRSMO05-49] In a neutralization reaction, 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm nitric acid reacted with 50 cm of 1.0 mol dm“ sodium hydroxide solution. Which of the following acids can replace 50 cm? of 1.0 mol dm* nitric acid to release the same quantity of heat? 1 25 cm? of 2.0 mol dm~ hydrochloric acid I-25 cm? of 2.0 mol dm~ sulphuric acid III 20 cm? of 2.5 mol dm~ nitric acid IV 25cm? of 1.0 mol dm® sulphuric acid Land Il only Il and IV only I, and III only 1, I, Wand IV vou [MRSMO09-34] Which of the following acid releases the highest amount of heat when reacted with excess potassium hydroxide? 20 cm? of 1.0 mol dm of sulphuric acid 20 cm? of 1.0 mol dm- of nitric acid 20 cm? of 1.0 mol dm-~ of ethanoic acid 20 cm? of 1.0 mol dm® of hydrochloric acid cour [SPM05-47] The following is the energy level diagram of a reaction. Energy | HNO: + NaOH Al -87 kJmol! NaNOs + H.0 Which of the following acids is suitable to replace nitric acid, HNO; to obtain the same AH value? Ethanoic acid, CHsCOOH Carbonic acid, H2COs Sulphuric acid, H:SO, Hydrochloric acid, HCl vou [SPM04-16] Which of the following neutralization reactions releases the least heat ? A nitric acid and sodium hydroxide B sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide C _ Bthanoic acid and sodium hydroxide D__ hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide www cikguadura.wordpress.com 265 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [MRSMO7-19] Diagram 7 shows an energy level diagram for neutralisation process. Energy Tenaga NaOH + HCI AH=-57kI mol" Based on Diagram 7, it can be concluded that I the heat of neutralization is - 57 kJ mol! Il 57 kJ of energy is needed for the reaction III the products of reaction contain less energy than the reactants IV _ temperature drops when reaction takes place. A Land Illonly B Iand Ill only C Land IV only D Hi, Mand IV only [SPM03-30] Diagram 8 shows an energy level diagram Energy OF ag + Ba AH = -57 kJmol" 1209 Diagram 8 Based on Diagram 8, it can be concluded that A The heat of neutralization is - 57 kJ mol! B 57 kJ of energy is needed for the reaction C the products of reaction contain more energy than the reactants D the temperature at the end of the reaction is lower than that at the beginning of the reaction [SPM03-49] Diagram 12 shows a set up of apparatus to determine the heat of reaction. ‘Thermometer — 30°C Beginning of experiment Bnd of experiment Diagram 12 Based on Diagram 12 which of the following statements is true? 1 The process of bonding occurs I Temperature increases during the reaction IL The AH value in the reaction is positive IV The energy content of the products of reaction is higher than that of the reactants. www cikguadura.wordpress.com 266 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 Land II only Ml and IV only I, Hand IV only 1, I, Mand IV vou [SBPtrial07-38] The following equation shows the formation of water Hag) + %2 O2(g) + H20(l), AH = — 287 kJmol" Which of the following is true regarding the above equation? A Activation energy for the reaction is high B_ If 1 mole of oxygen reacts 574 ki of heat energy is absorbed C Combustion of 1 mole of hydrogen releases 287 kJ of heat energy D _1 mole of water that is formed in the reaction received 287 kJ heat energy [SBPtrial09-25] Table 3 shows the reactants and heat of neutralization of the reaction between sodium hydroxide solution with methanoic acid and hydrochloric acid. Reactants Heat of neutralization/ kJ mol? ‘Methanoic acid and sodium hydroxide solution ~ 54.0 Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution Table 3 Which of the following statements is true? A Methanoic acid partially dissociates in water B _ Methanoic acid releases energy to the surrounding C Methanoic acid produces H’ ions which can be replaced by Na’ ions D _ Methanoic acid absorbed some of the heat energy released to complete its dissociation in water Heat of Combustion [SBPtrial11-50] The following equation shows a combustion reaction on propanol? wCsHhOH + x02 + yCOz + 2th What are the values of w, x, y and 2? vow Reoeg [SPM11-45] The following thermochemical equation shows a combustion reaction between hexane. CH: and oxygen. 3500 kJmol! Cos + 19/2 02 > 6CO. + 7H.O; AH = What is the mass of hexane need to be burnt to produce heat that can heat up 2 kg of water from 25 °C to 100°C? [Relative atomic mass : C=12, HI; specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 Jg"C-!] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 267 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 A 5.16 g B 5.56 g C 15.48 D 16.67 g [SBPtrial11-38] Carbon burns in oxygen in a reaction as shown in the equation below. Cree) 2 > CO : AH = - 394 kJ mol: What is the mass of carbon that must be burnt completely to produce 78.8 kJ of heat? A 02g B 12g C 24g D 60g [SPM10-43] 100 cm® of water is heated by the burning of a sample of ethanol. The heat released by the combustion is 10-5 kJ. What is the maximum increases in temperature of the water? [Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g1 °C] 0.025 °c 0.25 °C 2.5 °C 25°C vow [MRSM2010-35] A student carries out an experiment to determine the heat of combustion of propanol. Which of the following information does he need in order to calculate the heat of combustion? I Mass of water I Volume of propanol II Initial temperature of propanol IV Highest temperature of water A Land Il B LandIV Cc Mand Mm D IWandIv [MRSMO7-49] The burning of 0.6 g of X causes the temperature of 100 cms water to increase by 12 °C. What is the heat of combustion of X? [Relative molecular mass of X = 60; specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g1 °C-!] A 50.4 kJ mol? B 72.0 kJ mol C 302.4 kJ mol D 504.0 kJ mol [MRSMO09-50] The heat of combustion for propanol, C:H;OH is - 2016 kJ mol, When 0.3 g of propanol is completely burnt, the heat given out is used to heat 250 em® of water. What is the rise in temperature for the water? [Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g! °C". Molar mass of propanol = 60 g mol] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 268 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 (Ae 242C) Bo 48°C Cc 9.6°C D — 19.2°C [SPM06-50] The following information shows the result of an experiment to determine the heat change for the combustion of propanol, C:H;OH. Volume of water in the copper container Initial temperature of water in the copper container Highest temperature of water in the copper container What is the heat released by the combustion of propanol, CsH;OH. [Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2Jg! °C-! ; Water density = 1g em A 34.65 kJ B 51.66 kJ C 86.31 kJ D 120.96 kJ [SPM04-35] The table shows the heat of combustion of three alcohol: Alcohol | Heat of combustion/ kJ mol* ‘CH3OH 710 OH 370 670 ‘CiHoOH Which of the following factors increases the heat of combustion of alcohols? size of molecules decreases number of carbon atoms per molecule increases number of oxygen atoms per molecule increases number of hydrogen atoms per molecule decreases vou [SPM04-49] The following equation shows the combustion of heptene, “His in excess oxygen CrHic{l) + 1102(g+» —-7CO2(g) + 8H20(1) ; AH = -5 512 kJmolt ‘The combustion of heptene in excess oxygen releases 1 378 kJ of energy. What is the mass of heptene used? [Relative atomic mass: 12] [SPMO7-32] Which of the following is true about the heat of combustion, AH, for ethanol, propanol and butanol? Ethanol Propanol Butanol A | -2015 kJ molt | -1376 kJ mol =725 kJ mol B|_-2015kJ mol! _| -2676 kJ mol -725 kJ mol C [2676 kJ mot -725 kJ mol =1376 kJ mor D [1376 kJ mol! | -2015 kJ mol -2676 kJ mol www cikguadura.wordpress.com 269 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 [SPM07-34] ‘The following equation shows a combustion reaction of methanol. CH;OH() + 3/2 0{g) -> COxg) + 2H,O(), AH = -726 kJ mol Which of the energy level diagrams represents the reaction? A Energy 4 CHoOH + 3/2 02 + CO2 + 2H B Energy 4 CH:OH + 2 H.0 CH3OH + 3/2 O2 ic Energy 4 CO. + 2H.0 ee CH:OH + 3/2 O2 D Energy 4 CHOH + 3/2 02 C02 +2 H:0 [MRSMO7-34] Diagram 15 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine heat of combustion of ethanol. thermometer j—"bitar * = = wire gauze ava dowel ethan tana wooden block bok hay ‘The heat of combustion of ethanol was found less than the theoretical value. What can be done to improve the experimental value? www cikguadura.wordpress.com 270 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 I Remove the wooden block Use copper container to replace beaker II Do not use wire gauze when heating IV Use greater volume of water A Mand If only BI, land Ill only C i, Mand IV only D 1, Il, Mand IV [MRSM03-46] The thermochemical equation below represents the combustion of methane in excess oxygen CH4(g) + 202(g)-- > CO2 (g)+ 2H20(1) ; AH = -890 kJmol Which of the following are true when 3.2 g methane was burnt in excess oxygen? [Relative atomic mass: H=1; C=12; 0=16; Molar volume of gas; 24 dm: at room conditions] I 178 kJ heat was evolved Il 0.2 mol of oxygen used Il 7.2 g water produced IV 240 cms carbon dioxide evolved A Land IIlonly B Mand IV only © I, Mand Il only D 1,1, Mand Iv [MRSM06-50] Information on methane and butane is shown in the following table. Relative molecular ; i Heat of Fuel mace | Chemical equation Comieeane ‘Methane 16 [CH) +202 -- >CO2 + 2H.0 -890 kJ mol! Butane 58 C:Hio + 13/2 O2 -- >4CO2 + 5H20 | -2882 kJ molt Based on the information shown in the table, the conclusions are I butane is more combustible than methane Il combustion of 1 g of methane produces more heat than 1 g of butane UI energy content of butane is higher than methane IV combustion of 1 mole of butane produces more carbon dioxide than 1 mole of Methane A Land Il only B I, land IV only C IL, Mand IV only D (LH, Wand Iv [MRSMO04-35] Combustion of methane in excess oxygen can be represented by the equation below. CHe+202--> CO2+2H20; AH = -X kJ mol Which of the following is true? www cikguadura.wordpress.com am ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 13 - Thermochemistry ChemQuest 2012 I X kd is released for every mole of methane burnt. 11 dm of methane gas releases 1 dm3 carbon dioxide gas. Ut The formation of carbon dioxide and water molecules releases heat. IV The energy content of reactants is less than that of the products. A land If only B land IV only C I, and Ill only D 1,1, Mand Iv Fuel Value [MRSM11-35] Table 3 shows the energy released by the complete combustion of some carbon compounds. Compound | Relative molecular mass AH (kJ/mol) | Methane 16 - 880 Ethanol 46 = 1380 Pentanol 88 = 3332 Heptane 100 = 4800 Table 3 Which compound produces the most energy when 1 g is completely burnt? A Ethanol B Heptane C Methane D Pentanol www cikguadura.wordpress.com 2m ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007