DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF GARBAGE COMPACTOR

ABSTRACT

This paper realized structural analysis of rotating hook-lift garbage truck based on
ANSYS. Firstly, software ANSYS was used to realize dynamic simulation of working
process. In order to get curves of dynamic parameters of each component
simultaneously, it took external loads and equilibrium of reaction forces of each part
as checking conditions. Secondly. The waste weight will remain the same so there
will be no savings from the total amount of waste produced. However, savings will
occur because waste volume will be reduced by approximately 80% which will
decrease the number of times the dumpster will need to be emptied, therefore
resulting in lower pick up fees. The collection of waste is vital work that ensures our
communities remain pleasant environments in which to live. But major problem we
are facing today is transportation of the waste which can be reduced by compacting or
reducing size of particular waste. A compactor can be used to reduce the volume of
waste streams. The waste weight will remain the same so there will be no savings
from the total amount of waste produced. However, savings will occur because waste
volume will be reduced by approximately 80% which will decrease the number of
times the dumpster will need to be emptied, therefore resulting in lower pick up fees.

INTRODUCTION
Compactors are run very infrequently and are relatively efficient when run meaning
the amount of energy consumed by the compactor will be low. Compactors come in a
variety of mounting configurations, including free standing and through-the-wall
types. It is at the discretion of facility personnel to select the compactor that will best
serve the facility layout since the difference in type does not alter the compactor
effectiveness which has published paper on “The Design Space of Garbage
Collection. I n this paper they have been presented a new garbage collection design
and classification model, based on six parameters. This was made possible by
carefully reconsidering the fundamentals of garbage collection in relation to the
discussed developments. System designers was guided by that model to choose the
right combination of collection parameters suited for their application and system
environment. Furthermore, this model could serves as a basis for garbage collection
evaluation model]. This paper has concluded a new design model for garbage
collection, based on 6 collection parameters. The model has the following properties:
The model was a framework in which all existing garbage collection methods fit. The
model relates methods, which, until now, were considered totally unrelated. It
contributed to the understanding of the principles underlying garbage collection.
Garbage collection researchers can use the model to explore new and untried
methods, filling the 'holes' of the parameterized design space. “A Fast Analysis for
Thread-Local Garbage Collection with Dynamic Class Loading“[2] has been
represented by Richard Jones and Andy C. King. In this they have presented a new
static analysis and a novel GC framework designed to address this issue by allowing
independent collection of thread local heaps. Dynamic class loading, requires neither
write-barriers that may do unbounded work, nor synchronisation, nor locks during
thread-local collections; these analysis was sufficiently fast to permit its integration
into a high performance, production quality virtual machine they concluded that the
analysis can classify objects in presence of incomplete knowledge, and is sufficiently
fast to make incorporation into a production JVM feasible. The developer was also
concluded system is safe, and generates best-case solutions, even in the presence of
dynamic class loading; it requires neither synchronisation nor locks for local
collections, nor a run time write-barrier that may do an unbounded work.

Compactor
A compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of material such as
waste material or bio mass through compaction. A trash compactor is often used by a
home or business to reduce the volume of trash. A baler-wrapper compactor is often
used for making compact and wrapped bales in order to improve logistics.

Normally powered by hydraulics, compactors take many shapes and sizes. In landfill
sites for example, a large bulldozer with spiked wheels called a landfill compactor is
used to drive over waste deposited by waste collection vehicles (WCVs).

WCVs themselves incorporate a compacting mechanism which is used to increase the

payload of the vehicle and reduce the number of times it has to empty. This usually
takes the form of hydraulically powered sliding plates which sweep out the collection
hopper and compress the material into what has already been loaded.

Different compactors are used in scrap metal processing, the most familiar being the
car crusher. Such devices can be of either the "pancake" type, where a scrap
automobile is flattened by a huge descending hydraulically powered plate, or the
baling press, where the automobile is compressed from several directions until it
resembles a large cube.

Construction industry

In construction, there are three main types of compactor: the plate, the "jumping jack"
and the road roller. The roller type compactors are used for compacting crushed rock
as the base layer underneath concrete or stone foundations or slabs. The plate
compactor (vibratory rammer) has a large vibrating baseplate and is suited for
creating a level grade, while the jumping jack compactor has a smaller foot. The
jumping jack type is mainly used to compact the backfill in narrow trenches for water
or gas supply pipes etc. Road rollers may also have vibrating rollers.

In England the name "wacker plate" or just "wacker" is commonly used to refer to
plate compactors, derived from the name of Wacker Neuson, a well-known
manufacturer of such devices. The name is pronounced in the English style as
whacker as opposed to the correct German vacker. A "Jumping Jack" compactor is
colloquially referred to as "Paddy's Motorbike", due to the traditional resource of Irish
construction labourers, and the way that the operator appears to "ride" the hammer
holding the handles like a motorcycle.
Waste compaction

Waste compaction is the process of compacting waste, reducing it in size. Garbage

compactors and waste collection vehicles compress waste so that more of it can be
stored in the same space. Waste is compacted again, more thoroughly, at the landfill
to conserve valuable airspace and to extend the landfill's life span. A side effect of
this is that important items, like evidence in a crime, may be difficult to recover from
the garbage. Due to reduced oxygenation, biodegradation of organic waste is also
slowed.
 COMPONENTS AND DESIGN

Components of the system

1. Base box
2. Pressure plate
3. Lead screw
4. Nut
5. Handle

Fig. proposed model

DISCUSSION

According to the papers studied above it gives an out-side idea about the reducing the
garbage’s and the waste collection. Above study gives the knowledge about the
different problem created in handling of garbage also gives the knowledge about some
routine problem instead of increasing pollution of the garbage’s in the different areas.
In generally all of the authors had considered the waste management and collection of
garbage for their study. From this study one can say that there is helpful to a
compactor can be used to reduce the volume of waste streams and reducing the
pollution of garbage’s.